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Sarathi V, Dhananjaya MS, Karlekar M, Lila AR. Vitamin D deficiency or resistance and hypophosphatemia. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 38:101876. [PMID: 38365463 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2024.101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D is mainly produced in the skin (cholecalciferol) by sun exposure while a fraction of it is obtained from dietary sources (ergocalciferol). Vitamin D is further processed to 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (calcitriol) in the liver and kidneys, respectively. Calcitriol is the active form which mediates the actions of vitamin D via vitamin D receptor (VDR) which is present ubiquitously. Defect at any level in this pathway leads to vitamin D deficient or resistant rickets. Nutritional vitamin D deficiency is the leading cause of rickets and osteomalacia worldwide and responds well to vitamin D supplementation. Inherited disorders of vitamin D metabolism (vitamin D-dependent rickets, VDDR) account for a small proportion of calcipenic rickets/osteomalacia. Defective 1α hydroxylation of vitamin D, 25 hydroxylation of vitamin D, and vitamin D receptor result in VDDR1A, VDDR1B and VDDR2A, respectively whereas defective binding of vitamin D to vitamin D response element due to overexpression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein and accelerated vitamin D metabolism cause VDDR2B and VDDR3, respectively. Impaired dietary calcium absorption and consequent calcium deficiency increases parathyroid hormone in these disorders resulting in phosphaturia and hypophosphatemia. Hypophosphatemia is a common feature of all these disorders, though not a sine-qua-non and leads to hypomineralisation of the bone and myopathy. Improvement in hypophosphatemia is one of the earliest markers of response to vitamin D supplementation in nutritional rickets/osteomalacia and the lack of such a response should prompt evaluation for inherited forms of rickets/osteomalacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Sarathi
- Department of Endocrinology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Center, Bengaluru 560066, India.
| | | | - Manjiri Karlekar
- Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and King Edward Hospital, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Anurag Ranjan Lila
- Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and King Edward Hospital, Mumbai 400012, India
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Niu YY, Aierken A, Feng L. Unraveling the link between dietary factors and cardiovascular metabolic diseases: Insights from a two-sample Mendelian Randomization investigation. Heart Lung 2024; 63:72-77. [PMID: 37826923 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When specific nutrients are inadequate, vulnerability to cardiovascular and metabolic illnesses increases. The data linking dietary nutrition with these illnesses, however, has been sparse in the past observational research and randomized controlled trials. OBJECTIVES A Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to assess the influence of macronutrients (fat, protein, sugar, and carbohydrates) and micronutrients (β-carotene, folate, calcium, iron, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, selenium, zinc, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin B, and vitamin B12) on the susceptibility to cardiovascular metabolic disorders, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, ischemic stroke, and type 2 diabetes. METHODS We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, utilizing inverse variance weighting and conducting comprehensive sensitivity assessments. We obtained publicly accessible summary data from separate cohorts comprising individuals of European ancestry. The level of statistical significance was established at a threshold of P < 0. 00074. RESULTS Based on our research findings, we have established a causal association between the consumption of circulating fat and the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The study found that an increase of one standard deviation in fat consumption was associated with a decreased risk of heart failure, with an odds ratio of 0. 56 (95 % CI: 0. 40-0. 79; p = 0. 0007). Notably, various sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of this association. Conversely, we did not find any significant correlation between other dietary components and the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. CONCLUSION Our research findings demonstrate a conspicuous impact of dietary fat consumption on the susceptibility to heart failure, independent of coronary artery disease, diabetes, and stroke. Consequently, it is indicated that dietary factors are unrelated to the predisposition to cardiovascular metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yue Niu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Cadres Health Protection Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5, beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Aikeremu Aierken
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Cadres Health Protection Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5, beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Cadres Health Protection Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5, beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
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Eghbali BB, Ramezani S, Alavi CE, Ghayeghran AR, Herfeh SS, Atefi A, Limouei SR, Ansar MM. The association of 25 (OH) D3 serum level with ischemic cerebrovascular accident risk, severity and outcome in Iranian population. Am J Hum Biol 2022; 34:e23810. [PMID: 36201347 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of combined presence of vitamin D deficiency and other risk factors of stroke in ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) development in Iranian adults has been unclear, so far. The association of vitamin D status at admission with ischemic CVA severity and outcome in this community is not yet well elucidated. This study aimed to clarify these ambiguities. METHODS In a cross-sectional study 104 hospitalized ischemic CVA patients and 104 healthy controls participated. The serum level of 25 (OH) D3 and baseline biochemical parameters were measured in ischemic patients within the first 24 h of admission, as well as healthy controls. The severity of CVA and clinical outcome were assessed using National Institutes Health Stroke Scale and Modified Rankin Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS There was a significant difference between patients and controls regarding the presence of vitamin D3 deficiency, hypertension, smoking, and baseline level of LDL and FBS. Vitamin D3 deficiency boosted the risk of ischemic in males and those having family history of CVA. A low serum level of 25 (OH) D3 was associated with more severity and poor outcome of CVA. The CVA severity, vitamin D3 deficiency, and hypertension were predictors of poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the increased risk of ischemia in Iranians by cooccurrence of vitamin D3 deficiency and other risk factors of CVA. Clinical significance of vitamin D3 deficiency control may be suggested in those at risk of CVA and functional poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Bakhshayesh Eghbali
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sara Ramezani
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Cyrus Emir Alavi
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Ghayeghran
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sina Sedaghat Herfeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amirhomayoun Atefi
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sepideh Rahimi Limouei
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Malek Moein Ansar
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Nardi V, Franchi F, Prasad M, Fatica EM, Alexander MP, Bois MC, Lam J, Singh RJ, Meyer FB, Lanzino G, Xiong Y, Lutgens E, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Uric Acid Expression in Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque and Serum Uric Acid Are Associated With Cerebrovascular Events. Hypertension 2022; 79:1814-1823. [PMID: 35656807 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uric acid (UA) concentration within carotid plaque and its association with cerebrovascular events have not been detected or quantified. Systemically, serum UA is a marker of inflammation and risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, its association with carotid plaque instability and stroke pathogenesis remains unclear. In patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, we aimed to determine whether UA is present differentially in symptomatic versus asymptomatic carotid plaques and whether serum UA is associated with cerebrovascular symptoms (stroke, transient ischemic attack, or amaurosis fugax). METHODS Carotid atherosclerotic plaques were collected during carotid endarterectomy. The presence of UA was assessed using Gomori methenamine silver staining as well as anti-UA immunohistochemical staining and its quantity measured using an enzymatic colorimetric assay. Clinical information was obtained through a retrospective review of data. RESULTS UA was more commonly detected in symptomatic (n=23) compared with asymptomatic (n=9) carotid plaques by Gomori methenamine silver (20 [86.9%] versus 2 [22.2%]; P=0.001) and anti-UA immunohistochemistry (16 [69.5%] versus 1 [11.1%]; P=0.004). UA concentration was higher in symptomatic rather than asymptomatic plaques (25.1 [9.5] versus 17.9 [3.8] µg/g; P=0.021). Before carotid endarterectomy, serum UA levels were higher in symptomatic (n=341) compared with asymptomatic (n=146) patients (5.9 [interquartile range, 4.6-6.9] mg/dL versus 5.2 [interquartile range, 4.6-6.2] mg/dL; P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS The current study supports a potential role of UA as a potential tissue participant and a systemic biomarker in the pathogenesis of carotid atherosclerosis. UA may provide a mechanistic explanation for plaque instability and subsequent ischemic cerebrovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Nardi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Federico Franchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Megha Prasad
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Erica M Fatica
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology (E.M.F., M.P.A., M.C.B., R.J.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mariam P Alexander
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology (E.M.F., M.P.A., M.C.B., R.J.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Melanie C Bois
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology (E.M.F., M.P.A., M.C.B., R.J.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Josephine Lam
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ravinder J Singh
- Department of Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology (E.M.F., M.P.A., M.C.B., R.J.S.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Fredric B Meyer
- Department of Neurosurgery (F.B.M., G.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Giuseppe Lanzino
- Department of Neurosurgery (F.B.M., G.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Yuning Xiong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension (L.O.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Amir Lerman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (V.N., F.F., M.P., J.L., Y.X., E.L., A.L.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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The Role of Vitamin D in Stroke Prevention and the Effects of Its Supplementation for Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132761. [PMID: 35807941 PMCID: PMC9268813 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypovitaminosis D is a serious public health problem, representing an independent factor in mortality among the general population. Vitamin D deficiency may affect up to one billion people worldwide. Recently, the potential association between vitamin D levels and stroke has gained increasing attention. Many studies suggest that maintaining normal serum vitamin D levels is associated with improvement of the cardiovascular system and a reduction in stroke risk. As a neurosteroid, vitamin D influences brain development and function and immunomodulation and affects brain neuroplasticity. It supports many processes that maintain homeostasis in the body. As stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide, more studies are needed to confirm the positive effects of vitamin D supplementation, its dosage at different stages of the disease, method of determination, and effect on stroke onset and recovery. Many studies on stroke survivors indicate that serum vitamin D levels only offer insignificant benefits and are not beneficial to recovery. This review article aims to highlight recent publications that have examined the potential of vitamin D supplementation to improve rehabilitation outcomes in stroke survivors. Particular attention has been paid to stroke prevention.
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Yao T, Di A, Li J, Zhang S, He J, Xu N, Xu D. Association Between Serum Uric Acid and Intracranial Arterial Stenosis in a Korean Population: A Secondary Analysis Based on a Cross-Sectional Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:791456. [PMID: 35359641 PMCID: PMC8962189 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.791456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Intracranial arterial stenosis (ICAS) is a common cause of cerebrovascular disease. Studies have shown that the disease may be associated with elevated serum uric acid. However, the results remain inexact and controversial. To provide theoretical support for clinical practice, we assessed the relationship between uric acid and ICAS based on previous literature. Materials and Methods A total of 1,011 samples were included in the secondary cross-sectional study we investigated. We evaluated the relationship between uric acid level and ICAS using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The mean age of patients was 64.16 ± 9.13 years, and 35.51% (n = 359) were male in the study. One hundred and one (10%) of the included participants had ICAS. In the unadjusted model, uric acid level was positively associated with ICAS [odds ratio (OR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–1.42, p < 0.01]. After adjusting for potential confounders (sex, age, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery occlusive disease, hyperlipidemia, statin medication, hypertension, and fasting glucose), a positive relationship was observed between uric acid and ICAS (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08–1.47, p < 0.05). Conclusion There was a positive relationship between uric acid levels and ICAS in neurologically healthy Korean participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Yao
- Rehabilitation Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anqi Di
- Rehabilitation Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Rehabilitation Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Yancheng, China
| | - Jun He
- Rehabilitation Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nuo Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Nuo Xu
| | - Danghan Xu
- Rehabilitation Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Danghan Xu
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Mijailovic NR, Vesic K, Borovcanin MM. The Influence of Serum Uric Acid on the Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:828476. [PMID: 35530021 PMCID: PMC9072620 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.828476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid is commonly known for its bad reputation. However, it has been shown that uric acid may be actively involved in neurotoxicity and/or neuroprotection. These effects could be caused by oxidative stress or inflammatory processes localized in the central nervous system, but also by other somatic diseases or systemic conditions. Our interest was to summarize and link the current data on the possible role of uric acid in cognitive functioning. We also focused on the two putative molecular mechanisms related to the pathological effects of uric acid-oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. The hippocampus is a prominent anatomic localization included in expressing uric acid's potential impact on cognitive functioning. In neurodegenerative and mental disorders, uric acid could be involved in a variety of ways in etiopathogenesis and clinical presentation. Hyperuricemia is non-specifically observed more frequently in the general population and after various somatic illnesses. There is increasing evidence to support the hypothesis that hyperuricemia may be beneficial for cognitive functioning because of its antioxidant effects but may also be a potential risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, in part because of increased inflammatory activity. In this context, gender specificities must also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa R Mijailovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Han E, Kim JH, You JS, Son WJ, Beom JH. Predictive model for diagnosing central lesions in emergency department patients with isolated dizziness who undergo diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Acad Emerg Med 2022; 29:15-27. [PMID: 34414635 DOI: 10.1111/acem.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Only 5% to 10% of patients who visit the emergency department (ED) with isolated dizziness without neurologic abnormalities may have central lesions; however, it is important to distinguish central lesions through brain imaging. This study was conducted to create a nomogram to provide an objective medical basis for selectively performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among patients with isolated dizziness. METHODS This retrospective observational study enrolled patients who visited the ED of a tertiary hospital with isolated dizziness and underwent diffusion-weighted MRI and subsequently consulted with the departments of neurology, neurosurgery, or otorhinolaryngology. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors in patients diagnosed with central lesions to create a nomogram with the significant variables. RESULTS Of the 1,078 patients who were screened, 119 were diagnosed with central lesions. Significant variables in the multivariable logistic regression analysis were albumin levels (odds ratio [OR] = 0.339, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.188 to 0.610, p = 0.0003), inorganic phosphate levels (OR = 0.891, 95% CI = 0.832 to 0.954, p = 0.0010), history of ischemic stroke (OR = 3.170, 95% CI = 1.807 to 5.560, p < 0.0001), presyncope (OR = 3.152, 95% CI = 1.184 to 8.389, p = 0.0216), and nystagmus (OR = 0.365, 95% CI = 0.237 to 0.561, p < 0.0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the nomogram created with these variables was 0.7315 (95% CI = 0.6842 to 0.7788, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Albumin, inorganic phosphate, previous stroke, presyncope, and nystagmus were associated with the predictive diagnosis of central lesions among patients admitted to the ED with isolated dizziness. The novel nomogram created using these variables can help in objectively determining the need for MRI in patients presenting with isolated dizziness to the ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunah Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Je Sung You
- Department of Emergency Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jeong Son
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics Biostatistics Collaboration Unit Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Beom
- Department of Emergency Medicine Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
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Sipos M, Gerszi D, Dalloul H, Bányai B, Sziva RE, Kollarics R, Magyar P, Török M, Ács N, Szekeres M, Nádasy GL, Hadjadj L, Horváth EM, Várbíró S. Vitamin D Deficiency and Gender Alter Vasoconstrictor and Vasodilator Reactivity in Rat Carotid Artery. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158029. [PMID: 34360792 PMCID: PMC8347553 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The vitamin-D-sensitivity of the cardiovascular system may show gender differences. The prevalence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency (VDD) is high, and it alters cardiovascular function and increases the risk of stroke. Our aim was to investigate the vascular reactivity and histological changes of isolated carotid artery of female and male rats in response to different VD supplies. A total of 48 male and female Wistar rats were divided into four groups: female VD supplemented, female VDD, male VD supplemented, male VDD. The vascular function of isolated carotid artery segments was examined by wire myography. Both vitamin D deficiency and male gender resulted in increased phenylephrine-induced contraction. Acetylcholine-induced relaxation decreased in male rats independently from VD status. Inhibition of prostanoid signaling by indomethacin reduced contraction in females, but increased relaxation ability in male rats. Functional changes were accompanied by VDD and gender-specific histological alterations. Elastic fiber density was significantly decreased by VDD in female rats, but not in males. Smooth muscle actin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels were significantly lowered, but the thromboxane receptor was elevated in VDD males. Decreased nitrative stress was detected in both male groups independently from VD supply. The observed interactions between vitamin D deficiency and sex may play a role in the gender difference of cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós Sipos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (D.G.); (H.D.); (R.K.); (M.T.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
| | - Dóra Gerszi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (D.G.); (H.D.); (R.K.); (M.T.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.S.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Hicham Dalloul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (D.G.); (H.D.); (R.K.); (M.T.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
| | - Bálint Bányai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.S.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Réka Eszter Sziva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (D.G.); (H.D.); (R.K.); (M.T.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.S.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 22, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - Réka Kollarics
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (D.G.); (H.D.); (R.K.); (M.T.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.S.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Péter Magyar
- Medical Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Marianna Török
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (D.G.); (H.D.); (R.K.); (M.T.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 22, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nándor Ács
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (D.G.); (H.D.); (R.K.); (M.T.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
| | - Mária Szekeres
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.S.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
- Department of Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Semmelweis University, Vas Street 17, 1088, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György L. Nádasy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.S.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Leila Hadjadj
- Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Eszter Mária Horváth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Street 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (M.S.); (G.L.N.); (E.M.H.)
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 78/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary; (M.S.); (D.G.); (H.D.); (R.K.); (M.T.); (N.Á.); (S.V.)
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Üllői Street 22, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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Epidemiologic Data of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Implication in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Risk in a Southern Italian Population. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:5550222. [PMID: 34211785 PMCID: PMC8205572 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5550222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency is a prevalent condition worldwide. However, the highest prevalence rates of 25(OH)D deficiency have been attributed to regions with higher latitude. A close association between 25(OH)D and cardio-cerebrovascular (CCV) risk factors and major health problems has been identified. Aim To establish the prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency and to investigate the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and CCV risk factors (blood cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose concentrations, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure) in a cohort representative of Southern Italy. Methods The prevalence of 25(OH)D levels was evaluated in 1200 subjects aged 25-74 years (600 males and 600 females), enrolled in the "VIP" (from Italian for Irno Valley Prevention) Project, whereas multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and CCV risk factors. Results Only 13.3% of females and 11.1% of males showed adequate serum concentrations of 25(OH)D (≥30 ng/ml), while 59.3% of females and 55.1% of males showed 25(OH)D deficient levels (<20 ng/ml). We observed an independent association between 25(OH)D concentrations and metabolic syndrome score, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and corrected QT (cQT). Conclusions We report a high prevalence of 25(OH)D deficiency across the largest Italian adult population studied so far and, in particular, the first across Southern Italy; furthermore, we provide data on the association between 25(OH)D deficiency and higher CCV risk factors.
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Vargas-Morales JM, Guevara-Cruz M, Aradillas-García C, G. Noriega L, Tovar A, Alegría-Torres JA. Polymorphisms of the genes ABCG2, SLC22A12 and XDH and their relation with hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia in Mexican young adults. F1000Res 2021; 10:217. [PMID: 34631016 PMCID: PMC8474103 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.46399.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hyperuricemia is a pathological condition associated with risk factors of cardiovascular disease. In this study, three genetic polymorphisms were genotyped as predisposing factors of hyperuricemia. Methods: A total of 860 Mexicans (129 cases and 731 controls) between 18 and 25 years of age were genotyped for the ABCG2 (Q191K), SLC22A12 (517G>A), and XDH (518T>C) polymorphisms, as predisposing factors of hyperuricemia. Biochemical parameters were measured by spectrophotometry, while genetic polymorphisms were analyzed by real-time PCR. An analysis of the risk of hyperuricemia in relation to the variables studied was carried out using a logistic regression. Results: Male sex, being overweight or obese, having hypercholesterolemia or having hypertriglyceridemia were factors associated with hyperuricemia ( p ≤ 0.05). The ABCG2 polymorphism was associated with hyperuricemia (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.41-4.17, p = 0.001) and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 4.89, 95% CI: 1.54-15.48, p = 0.003), employing a dominant model, but only in male participants. Conclusions: The ABCG2 (Q191K) polymorphism increases the risk of hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia in young Mexican males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Vargas-Morales
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico
| | - Martha Guevara-Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México, 14080, Mexico
| | - Celia Aradillas-García
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud, CIACYT-Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico
| | - Lilia G. Noriega
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México, 14080, Mexico
| | - Armando Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México, 14080, Mexico
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Vargas-Morales JM, Guevara-Cruz M, Aradillas-García C, G Noriega L, Tovar A, Alegría-Torres JA. Polymorphisms of the genes ABCG2, SLC22A12 and XDH and their relation with hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia in Mexican young adults. F1000Res 2021; 10:217. [PMID: 34631016 PMCID: PMC8474103 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.46399.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Hyperuricemia is a pathological condition associated with risk factors of cardiovascular disease. In this study, three genetic polymorphisms were genotyped as predisposing factors of hyperuricemia. Methods: A total of 860 Mexicans between 18 and 25 years of age were genotyped for the ABCG2 (rs2231142), SLC22A12 (rs476037), and XDH (rs1042039) polymorphisms, as predisposing factors of hyperuricemia. Biochemical parameters were measured by spectrophotometry, while genetic polymorphisms were analyzed by real-time PCR. An analysis of the risk of hyperuricemia in relation to the variables studied was carried out using a logistic regression. Results: Male sex, being overweight or obese, having hypercholesterolemia or having hypertriglyceridemia were factors associated with hyperuricemia ( p ≤ 0.05). The ABCG2 polymorphism was associated with hyperuricemia (OR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.41-4.17, p = 0.001) and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 4.89, 95% CI: 1.54-15.48, p = 0.003), employing a dominant model, but only in male participants. Conclusions: The ABCG2 (rs2231142) polymorphism increases the risk of hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia in young Mexican males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Vargas-Morales
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico
| | - Martha Guevara-Cruz
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México, 14080, Mexico
| | - Celia Aradillas-García
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud, CIACYT-Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico
| | - Lilia G Noriega
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México, 14080, Mexico
| | - Armando Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México, 14080, Mexico
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