1
|
Gao D, Zhang C, Chen Q, Cao Z, Li P, Zhou G, Xu H, Xu B, Wang Z. Association between dietary fatty acids and urinary incontinence. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28595. [PMID: 38571581 PMCID: PMC10988052 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary nutrient intake contributes to urination; however, the association between dietary nutrient intake, especially that of fat, and urinary incontinence (UI) is not well understood. The most common types of UI include stress UI (SUI) and urgency UI (UUI). Objective To investigate the potential effect(s) of dietary fat intake on UI and explore its mechanism of action in relation to body mass index (BMI). Methods A cross-sectional survey of data from 15,121 individuals (20-85 years of age) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2008), a random population-based sample, was performed. Data regarding dietary nutrient intake were collected through 24 h dietary recall interviews. UI and covariate data were collected through in-person interviews. UI was assessed according to the American Urological Association Symptom Index. The odds ratio (OR) for SUI and UUI were calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The mediation effect was estimated using observational mediation analysis. Results Higher total fat intake was positively associated with increased odds for developing UI (OR 1.44 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.93]). Females who consumed more saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were more likely to develop SUI. BMI partially explained the association between total fat, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA and SUI; the proportions of the mediation effect of BMI were 14.7%, 13.0%, 18.7%, and 16.3%, respectively. Conclusions Results of this study emphasize the key role of dietary fat intake in the prevalence of UI. Higher fat intake was positively associated with UI and BMI partially mediated the effect of fat intake on SUI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dajun Gao
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Caoxu Zhang
- The Core Laboratory in Medical Center of Clinical Research, Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Peizhang Li
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | | | - Huan Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200011, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Niu YY, Aierken A, Feng L. Unraveling the link between dietary factors and cardiovascular metabolic diseases: Insights from a two-sample Mendelian Randomization investigation. Heart Lung 2024; 63:72-77. [PMID: 37826923 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When specific nutrients are inadequate, vulnerability to cardiovascular and metabolic illnesses increases. The data linking dietary nutrition with these illnesses, however, has been sparse in the past observational research and randomized controlled trials. OBJECTIVES A Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to assess the influence of macronutrients (fat, protein, sugar, and carbohydrates) and micronutrients (β-carotene, folate, calcium, iron, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, selenium, zinc, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin B, and vitamin B12) on the susceptibility to cardiovascular metabolic disorders, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, ischemic stroke, and type 2 diabetes. METHODS We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, utilizing inverse variance weighting and conducting comprehensive sensitivity assessments. We obtained publicly accessible summary data from separate cohorts comprising individuals of European ancestry. The level of statistical significance was established at a threshold of P < 0. 00074. RESULTS Based on our research findings, we have established a causal association between the consumption of circulating fat and the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The study found that an increase of one standard deviation in fat consumption was associated with a decreased risk of heart failure, with an odds ratio of 0. 56 (95 % CI: 0. 40-0. 79; p = 0. 0007). Notably, various sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of this association. Conversely, we did not find any significant correlation between other dietary components and the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. CONCLUSION Our research findings demonstrate a conspicuous impact of dietary fat consumption on the susceptibility to heart failure, independent of coronary artery disease, diabetes, and stroke. Consequently, it is indicated that dietary factors are unrelated to the predisposition to cardiovascular metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Yue Niu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Cadres Health Protection Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5, beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Aikeremu Aierken
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; Cadres Health Protection Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5, beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Cadres Health Protection Department, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Guang'anmen Hospital, No. 5, beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu M, Park S. A causal relationship between alcohol intake and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2865-2876. [PMID: 36184363 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We investigated whether alcohol intake has a causal relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk in adults of the Korean Genomic Epidemiology Study using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS Daily alcohol intake was calculated based on the type, average amount, and frequency of alcohol consumption for six months before the interview. The participants were divided into low- and high-alcohol intake of 20 g/day. After adjusting for the covariates related to T2DM, the independent genetic variants (instrumental variables) related to alcohol intake were explored by GWAS analysis in a city hospital-based cohort (n = 58,701). SNPs with a significant level of p-value <5 × 10-8 and linkage disequilibrium of r2 < 0.001 were retrieved. MR methods were used to analyze the causality between alcohol intake and the T2DM risk, and the heterogeneity and leave-one-out sensitivity analyses were conducted in Ansan/Ansung plus rural cohorts (n = 13,598). High alcohol intake increased T2DM risk when the inverse-variance weighted (P = 0.012) and weighted median (P = 0.034) methods were used, but not when the MR-Egger method was used. No significant heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy between alcohol intake and T2DM were detected. A single genetic variant did not affect the causal association in a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSION This study supports that heavy alcohol intake appears to be causally associated with T2DM risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Liu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mehta R, Ray RM, Tussing-Humphreys LM, Pasquale LR, Maki P, Haan MN, Jackson R, Vajaranant TS. Effect of Low-Fat Dietary Modification on Incident Open-Angle Glaucoma. Ophthalmology 2022; 130:565-574. [PMID: 36410561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We tested whether dietary modification (DM) altered the risk for incident primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). DESIGN Secondary analysis of a randomized intervention trial. PARTICIPANTS We linked Medicare claims data to 45 203 women in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Trial, of which 23 776 participants were enrolled in fee-for-service Medicare Part B and had physician claims. METHODS Women were randomized to follow either DM (a low-fat diet, with increased vegetable, fruit, and grain intake) or their usual diet without modification. Nine thousand three hundred forty women were randomized to the DM intervention, whereas 13 877 women were randomized to the control group. Our analyses were based on an intention-to-treat design, with a follow-up to the end of continuous Medicare coverage, death, or the last clams date (12/31/2018), whichever occurred first. Primary open-angle glaucoma was defined as the first claim with the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth or Tenth Revision, codes. Dietary data were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of POAG. Subgroup analyses were performed with P values for interaction. RESULTS After exclusion of women with Medicare-derived glaucoma before randomization, the final analysis included 23 217 women (mean age, 64.4 ± 5.8 years). Baseline characteristics were balanced between the intervention and control groups. Primary open-angle glaucoma incidence was 11.1 per 1000 woman-years (mean follow-up, 11.6 ± 7.4 years; mean DM duration, 5.2 ± 3.2 years). We found no overall benefit of DM in reducing incident POAG (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.96-1.12). Race and participant age did not modify this relation (P = 0.08 and P = 0.24 for interaction, respectively). In further analysis of baseline nutrient and food intake stratified by quartile groups, risk of open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in DM participants in the lowest quartile group for percentage calories (kilocalories) from total fat (33.8 or lower) was increased (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.41; P = 0.007 for interaction). CONCLUSIONS Analysis suggests that DM in participants in the lowest quartile group for percentage calories from total fat at baseline increased the risk of incident OAG among women regardless of age or race. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajvi Mehta
- Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roberta M Ray
- Women's Health Initiative, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Lisa Marie Tussing-Humphreys
- Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Pauline Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mary N Haan
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Escrivá-Martínez T, Miragall M, Herrero R, Rodríguez-Arias M, Baños RM. Eating behaviors, eating styles and body mass index during COVID-19 confinement in a college sample: a predictive model. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:100. [PMID: 35820922 PMCID: PMC9275146 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00624-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 confinement affected lifestyles. There is inconclusive evidence about changes in eating patterns, and there are few studies on the impact on body mass index (BMI), the occurrence of dysfunctional behaviors (binge eating, fat intake), and the predictive role of maladaptive eating styles (emotional, external, and restrained eating). OBJECTIVES (1) To analyze the differences in binge eating, fat intake, BMI, and maladaptive eating styles before and during COVID-19 confinement, and (2) to analyze whether maladaptive eating styles (before confinement) predicted binge eating, fat intake, and BMI during confinement. METHODS The sample consisted of 146 Spanish college students, divided into 104 females (71.2%; age: M = 22.20, SD = 2.97) and 42 males (28.8%; age: M = 24.74; SD = 3.53). All completed several dietary measures and BMI twice: before COVID-19 confinement (T1, November 2019) and during COVID-19 confinement (T2, April 2020). RESULTS BMI and maladaptive eating styles did not change in T2 (vs. T1). However, binge eating and fat intake decreased in T2. Emotional eating at T1 positively predicted BMI and binge eating at T2. External eating at T1 positively (and marginally) predicted fat intake at T2. Restrained eating at T1 positively predicted binge eating at T2, and negatively (and marginally) predicted BMI and fat intake at T2. The model explained 80.5% of the variance in BMI, 41.5% of the variance in binge eating, and 25.8% of the variance in fat intake during COVID-19 confinement. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 confinement had a positive impact on some eating behaviors. Future policies should focus part of their prevention on maladaptive eating styles to curb dysfunctional eating behaviors and BMI problems in times of stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Escrivá-Martínez
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,Instituto Polibienestar, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. .,CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Marta Miragall
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Herrero
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Rosa M Baños
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto Polibienestar, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McKenzie BL, Harris K, Peters SAE, Webster J, Woodward M. The association of energy and macronutrient intake with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease and dementia: findings from 120 963 women and men in the UK Biobank. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:1858-67. [PMID: 34256879 DOI: 10.1017/S000711452100266X] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between individual and combinations of macronutrients with premature death, CVD and dementia. Sex differences were investigated. Data were utilised from a prospective cohort of 120 963 individuals (57 % women) within the UK Biobank, who completed ≥ two 24-h diet recalls. The associations of macronutrients, as percentages of total energy intake, with outcomes were investigated. Combinations of macronutrients were defined using k-means cluster analysis, with clusters explored in association with outcomes. There was a higher risk of death with high carbohydrate intake (hazard ratios (HR), 95 % CI upper v. lowest third 1·13 (1·03, 1·23)), yet a lower risk with higher intakes of protein (upper v. lowest third 0·82 (0·76, 0·89)). There was a lower risk of CVD with moderate intakes (middle v. lowest third) of energy and protein (sub distribution HR (SHR), 0·87 (0·79, 0·97) and 0·87 (0·79, 0·96), respectively). There was a lower risk of dementia with moderate energy intake (SHR 0·71 (0·52, 0·96)). Sex differences were identified. The dietary cluster characterised by low carbohydrate, low fat and high protein was associated with a lower risk of death (HR 0·84 (0·76, 0·93)) compared with the reference cluster and a lower risk of CVD for men (SHR 0·83 (0·71, 0·97)). Given that associations were evident, both as single macronutrients and for combinations with other macronutrients for death, and for CVD in men, we suggest that the biggest benefit from diet-related policy and interventions will be when combinations of macronutrients are targeted.
Collapse
|
7
|
Richetin J, Caputo V, Demartini E, Conner M, Perugini M. Organic food labels bias food healthiness perceptions: Estimating healthiness equivalence using a Discrete Choice Experiment. Appetite 2022; 172:105970. [PMID: 35150793 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Individuals perceive organic food as being healthier and containing fewer calories than conventional foods. We provide an alternative way to investigate this organic halo effect using a mirrored method to Choice Experiments applied to healthiness judgments. In an experimental study (N = 415), we examined whether healthiness judgments toward a 200g cookie box are impacted by the organic label, nutrition information (fat and sugar levels), and price and determined the relative importance of these attributes. In particular, we assessed whether food with an organic label could contain more fat or sugar and yet be judged to be of equivalent healthiness to food without this label. We hoped to estimate the magnitude of any such effect. Moreover, we explored whether these effects were obtained when including a widely used system for labeling food healthiness, the Traffic Light System. Although participants' healthiness choices were mainly driven by the reported fat and sugar content, the organic label also influenced healthiness judgments. Participants showed an organic halo effect leading them to consider the organic cookie as healthy as a conventional one despite containing more fat and sugar. Specifically, they considered the organic cookie as equivalent in healthiness to a conventional one, although containing 14% more of the daily reference intake for sugar and 30% more for fat. These effects did not change when including the Traffic Light System. This effect of the organic label could have implications for fat and sugar intake and consequent impacts on health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzina Caputo
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, Italy
| | - Eugenio Demartini
- Department of Veterinary Science for Health, Animal Production and Food Safety, University of Milano, Italy
| | - Mark Conner
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Italy
| | - Marco Perugini
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yeh TS, Yuan C, Ascherio A, Rosner BA, Blacker D, Willett WC. Long-term intake of total energy and fat in relation to subjective cognitive decline. Eur J Epidemiol 2022; 37:133-46. [PMID: 34748116 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-021-00814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Diet is one of the modifiable risk factors for cognitive decline. However, human studies on total energy intake and cognitive function have remained limited and studies on fat intake and cognitive decline have been inconclusive. We aimed to examine prospectively the associations between long-term intakes of total energy and fat with subsequent subjective cognitive decline (SCD). A total of 49,493 women from the Nurses' Health Study and 27,842 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study were followed for over 20 years. Average dietary intake was calculated based on repeated food frequency questionnaires (SFFQs), and Poisson regression was used to evaluate associations. Higher total energy intake was significantly associated with greater odds of SCD in both cohorts. Comparing the highest with lowest quintiles of total energy intake, the pooled multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for a 3-unit increment in SCD, corresponding to poor versus normal SCD, was 2.77 (2.53, 2.94). Each 500 kcal/day greater intake of total energy was associated with 48% higher odds of SCD. Intakes of both total fat and total carbohydrate appeared to contribute to the positive association between total energy intake and SCD although for the same percent of energy, the association was stronger for total fat. In conclusion, higher intakes of total energy, total fat, and total carbohydrate were adversely associated with SCD. Whether these associations are causal is unclear and deserves further investigation.
Collapse
|
9
|
Feng L, Bai Y, Wang Y. Comment on "Association between dietary fat intake and mortality from all-causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies". Clin Nutr 2021; 41:255-256. [PMID: 34903379 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liuliu Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yanyan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alsulami S, Cruvinel NT, da Silva NR, Antoneli AC, Lovegrove JA, Horst MA, Vimaleswaran KS. Effect of dietary fat intake and genetic risk on glucose and insulin-related traits in Brazilian young adults. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1337-1347. [PMID: 34900785 PMCID: PMC8630327 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) is closely linked to a complex interplay between genetic and dietary factors. The prevalence of abdominal obesity, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidaemia, and high blood pressure among Brazilian adolescents is increasing and hence, early lifestyle interventions targeting these factors might be an effective strategy to prevent or slow the progression of T2D. METHODS We aimed to assess the interaction between dietary and genetic factors on metabolic disease-related traits in 200 healthy Brazilian young adults. Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day food records. Ten metabolic disease-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were used to construct a metabolic-genetic risk score (metabolic-GRS). RESULTS We found significant interactions between the metabolic-GRS and total fat intake on fasting insulin level (Pinteraction = 0.017), insulin-glucose ratio (Pinteraction = 0.010) and HOMA-B (Pinteraction = 0.002), respectively, in addition to a borderline GRS-fat intake interaction on HOMA-IR (Pinteraction = 0.051). Within the high-fat intake category [37.98 ± 3.39% of total energy intake (TEI)], individuals with ≥ 5 risk alleles had increased fasting insulin level (P = 0.021), insulin-glucose ratio (P = 0.010), HOMA-B (P = 0.001) and HOMA-IR (P = 0.053) than those with < 5 risk alleles. CONCLUSION Our study has demonstrated a novel GRS-fat intake interaction in young Brazilian adults, where individuals with higher genetic risk and fat intake had increased glucose and insulin-related traits than those with lower genetic risk. Large intervention and follow-up studies with an objective assessment of dietary factors are needed to confirm our findings. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-021-00863-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sooad Alsulami
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6DZ UK
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nathália Teixeira Cruvinel
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Nara Rubia da Silva
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Antoneli
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Julie A. Lovegrove
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6DZ UK
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Maria Aderuza Horst
- Nutritional Genomics Research Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiania, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6DZ UK
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Al-Jawadi AA, Priliani L, Oktavianthi S, Febinia CA, Daya M, Artika IM, Malik SG. Association of FTO rs1421085 single nucleotide polymorphism with fat and fatty acid intake in Indonesian adults. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:411. [PMID: 34743743 PMCID: PMC8574008 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05823-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recent studies showed that genetic polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) were associated with obesity and dietary intake. In this study of 71 adults in Jakarta, Indonesia, we investigated FTO rs1421085 association with body mass index (BMI), macronutrient intake, and fatty acid intake. The association was evaluated using linear regression analyses assuming co-dominant, dominant, recessive, over-dominant, and additive genetic models. Results Only individuals with the CC genotype had a considerably higher BMI (p < 0.001), which indicates a recessive genetic trait, but the incidence for this genotype is low (68 TT + TC vs. 3 CC). Individuals with the minor C allele had an estimated increase of fat intake by 3.45–4.06% across various genetic models (dominant: p < 0.010, over-dominant: p < 0.030, additive: p < 0.010). Subjects with TC/CC genotypes had increased dietary monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA; 1.14%, p = 0.046) and saturated fatty acid (SAFA; 2.06%, p = 0.023) intakes, compared to those with the TT genotype. In conclusion, our study provided evidence for the association between FTO rs1421085 risk allele with higher BMI and individual preferences for consuming more fat, MUFA, and SAFA. This study highlights the important role of FTO gene in food preference, and its influence on body weight. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05823-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athraa Alaulddin Al-Jawadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Jl. Raya Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Lidwina Priliani
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Diponegoro No. 69, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Sukma Oktavianthi
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Diponegoro No. 69, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Clarissa A Febinia
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Diponegoro No. 69, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Mulianah Daya
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - I Made Artika
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Jl. Raya Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, West Java, Indonesia.,Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Diponegoro No. 69, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Safarina G Malik
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/National Research and Innovation Agency, Jl. Diponegoro No. 69, Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mirzababaei A, Daneshzad E, Shiraseb F, Pourreza S, Setayesh L, Clark CCT, Tangestani H, Abaj F, Yarizadeh H, Mirzaei K. Variants of the cry 1 gene may influence the effect of fat intake on resting metabolic rate in women with overweight of obesity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:196. [PMID: 34610814 PMCID: PMC8493740 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00860-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the minor allele (C allele) for Cry 1 rs2287161, may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Low resting metabolic rate (RMR) caused by the diet has been shown to have, potentially, unfavorable effects on obesity. This study sought to investigate the interactions between the Cry 1 Gene and fat intake on RMR in women with overweight of obesity. METHODS This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 377 Iranian women with overweight of obesity. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), with 147 items, was used to assess dietary intake. Individuals were categorized into two groups based on the rs2287161 genotype. Body composition, dietary intake, and RMR were assessed for all participants. RESULTS There was a significant difference between genotypes for fasting blood sugar (FBS) (P = 0.04), fat free mass (FFM) (P = 0.0009), RMR per FFM (P = 0.05), RMR per body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.02), and RMR deviation (P = 0.01). Our findings also showed significant interactions between total fat and C allele carrier group on RMR per kg body weight, RMR per body surface area (BSA), RMR per FFM, and RMR deviation (P for interaction < 0.1), in addition to a significant interaction between CC + CG group genotype and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake on RMR per BMI (P for interaction =0.00) and RMR per kg (P for interaction = 0.02) and RMR per BSA (P = 0.07), compared to the GG group, after control for confounder factors. CONCLUSION These results highlight that dietary compositions, gene variants, and their interaction, should be acutely considered in lower RMR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O.Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O.Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Pourreza
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O.Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O.Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Hadith Tangestani
- Department of Nutrition, Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Faezeh Abaj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O.Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O.Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O.Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qiao T, Chen Y, Duan R, Chen M, Xue H, Tian G, Liang Y, Zhang J, He F, Yang D, Gong Y, Zhou R, Cheng G. Beyond protein intake: does dietary fat intake in the year preceding pregnancy and during pregnancy have an impact on gestational diabetes mellitus? Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:3461-3472. [PMID: 33661377 PMCID: PMC8354989 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02525-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Studies regarding the association between dietary fat intake and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are limited and provide conflicting findings. Thus, the study aims to examine the association of dietary fat intake in the year preceding pregnancy and during pregnancy with the risk of GDM, taking the relevance of dietary protein intake on GDM into consideration. Methods A prospective study was conducted in 6299 singleton pregnancies, using the data from the Nutrition in Pregnancy and Growth in Southwest China (NPGSC). A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary fat intake in the year preceding pregnancy and during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the prospective associations of dietary fat intake and the type and source of dietary fats in different time windows with GDM risk. Results Higher intake of total fat [OR (95% CI): 2.21 (1.19–4.20), P = 0.02] during 12–22 weeks of gestation was associated with higher GDM risk. However, adjustment for animal protein intake greatly attenuated this association [OR (95% CI): 1.81 (0.93, 3.64), P = 0.11]. Total fat intake neither in the year preceding pregnancy nor during the early pregnancy was associated with GDM risk. Moreover, insignificant associations were observed between intakes of vegetable fat, animal fat, cholesterol, saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid one year before pregnancy and during the first and second trimesters and GDM risk. Conclusion Our study indicated that dietary fat intake one year before pregnancy and across the two pregnancy trimesters preceding the diagnosis of GDM has no relevance on GDM risk among Chinese women, particularly those with normal BMI, low, or normal calorie intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Qiao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Duan
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxue Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Xue
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,College of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Tian
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liang
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieyi Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 6 Middle School Road, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang He
- West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dagang Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhui Gong
- West China Second University Hospital and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhou
- West China Second University Hospital and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Cheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shiu BH, Lu WY, Tantoh DM, Chou MC, Nfor ON, Huang CC, Liaw YP. Interactive association between dietary fat and sex on CDH13 cg02263260 methylation. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:13. [PMID: 33407434 PMCID: PMC7788866 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00858-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation of Cadherin 13 (CDH13), a tumor suppressor gene is associated with gene repression and carcinogenesis. We determined the relation of dietary fat and sex with CDH13 cg02263260 methylation in Taiwanese adults. METHODS Data of 870 eligible participants (430 men and 440 women) between 30 and 70 years were obtained from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) database. The association of dietary fat and sex with CDH13 cg02263260 methylation was determined using multiple linear regression. RESULTS The association between sex and cg02263260 methylation was significant: beta-coefficient (β) = 0.00532; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.00195-0.00868. Moreover, the interaction between sex and dietary fat on cg02263260 methylation was significant (P-value = 0.0145). After stratification by sex, the association of dietary fat with cg02263260 methylation was significant only in women. Specifically, high dietary fat was positively associated with cg02263260 methylation in women (β = 0.00597; 95% CI = 0.00061-0.01133) and the test for trend was significant (P-value = 0.0283). CONCLUSION High fat intake was significantly associated with higher cg02263260 methylation in women and the test for trend was significant. These findings suggest that the association of fat intake and CDH13 cg02263260 might vary by sex and CDH13 cg02263260 methylation levels in women might increase as fat intake increases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Hao Shiu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,Division of Colon-Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Lu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110 Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Disline Manli Tantoh
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110 Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Chou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110 Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chou Huang
- Division of Colon-Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110 Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110 Sec. 1 Jianguo N. Road, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40201, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cao YJ, Wang HJ, Zhang B, Qi SF, Mi YJ, Pan XB, Wang C, Tian QB. Associations of fat and carbohydrate intake with becoming overweight and obese: an 11-year longitudinal cohort study. Br J Nutr 2020; 124:715-28. [PMID: 32378502 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114520001579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of macronutrient intake on obesity are controversial. This research aims to investigate the associations between macronutrient intake and new-onset overweight/obesity. The relationship between the consumption of carbohydrate and total fat and obesity was assessed by the multivariable Cox model in this 11-year cohort, which included 6612 adults (3291 men and 3321 women) who were free of overweight and obesity at baseline. The dietary intake was recorded using a 24-h recall method for three consecutive days. Moreover, substitution models were developed to distinguish the effects of macronutrient composition alteration from energy intake modification. During 7·5 person years (interquartile range 4·3, 10·8) of follow-up, 1807 participants became overweight or obese. After adjusting for risk factors, the hazard ratio (HR) of overweight/obesity in extreme quintiles of fat was 1·48 (quintile 5 v. quintile 1, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·89; Ptrend = 0·02) in women. Additionally, replacing 5 % of energy from carbohydrate with equivalent energy from fat was associated with an estimated 4·3 % (HR 1·043, 95 % CI 1·007, 1·081) increase in overweight/obesity in women. Moreover, dietary carbohydrate was inversely associated with overweight/obesity (quintile 5 v. quintile 1, HR 0·70, 95 % CI 0·55, 0·89; Ptrend = 0·02) in women. Total fat was related to a higher risk of overweight/obesity, whereas high carbohydrate intake was related to a lower risk of overweight/obesity in women, which was not observed in men.
Collapse
|
16
|
Park S, Kang S. High carbohydrate and noodle/meat-rich dietary patterns interact with the minor haplotype in the 22q13 loci to increase its association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk in Koreans. Nutr Res 2020; 82:88-98. [PMID: 32977255 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFLD) is prevalent in Asians despite the low obesity rate. We hypothesized that the haplotype of genetic variants in the 22q13 loci has a strong association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can be identified by genome-wide association study and that lifestyles may interact with the haplotype. We tested the hypothesis in middle-aged and elderly adults in a large city hospital-based cohort from the KoGES study. Men and women diagnosed with fatty liver, but who respectively consumed over 40 and 30 g ethanol per day were excluded. The haplotype of the selected SNPs from the 22q13 loci that influences NAFLD risk was generated. Among the 27374 participants, 1486 (5.4%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. LARGE_rs240072, RBFOX2_rs11089778, TRIOBP_rs12628603, PNPLA3_rs738409, and PARVB_rs2073080 in the 22q13 loci were included in the haplotype. Participants with the minor haplotype had 1.8, 2.3, and 1.8 times higher in the risk for NAFLD and serum AST and ALT activities, respectively, than those with the major haplotype. BMI, waist circumferences, serum glucose concentrations, and blood pressure interacted with the haplotype for NAFLD risk. We also found that a high carbohydrate intake and a dietary pattern characterized by high noodle and meat consumption significantly interacted with the minor haplotype to increase the risk of NAFLD. We hypothesized that the high incidence of NAFLD among Koreans, despite a relatively low incidence of obesity, might be due to genetic factors and perhaps their interactions with dietary patterns. The hypothesis was accepted since this study confirmed that participants with the minor allele of the haplotype in the 22q13 loci had a higher NAFLD risk that was exacerbated by high intakes of carbohydrates and a dietary pattern characterized by high noodle and meat consumption.
Collapse
|
17
|
Costanzo A, Liu D, Nowson C, Duesing K, Archer N, Bowe S, Keast R. A low-fat diet up-regulates expression of fatty acid taste receptor gene FFAR4 in fungiform papillae in humans: a co-twin randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2019; 122:1212-20. [PMID: 31524116 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114519002368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid taste (FAT) perception is involved in the regulation of dietary fat intake, where impaired FAT is associated with increased fatty food intake. There are a number of FAT receptors identified on human taste cells that are potentially responsible for FAT perception. Manipulating dietary fat intake, and in turn FAT perception, would elucidate the receptors that are associated with long-term regulation of FAT perception. The present study aimed to assess associations between diet-mediated changes to FAT receptors and FAT perception in humans. A co-twin randomised controlled trial was conducted, where each matching twin within a pair were randomly allocated to either an 8-week low-fat (LF; <20 % energy fat) or an 8-week high-fat (HF; >35 % energy fat) diet. At baseline and week 8, fungiform papillae were biopsied in the fasted state and FAT receptor gene expressions (cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), FFAR4, G protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84) and a delayed rectifying K+ channel (K+ voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2; KCNA2)) were measured using RT-PCR; and FAT threshold (FATT) was assessed using three-alternate forced choice methodology. Linear mixed models were fitted, adjusting for correlation between co-twins. Intake was compliant with the study design, with the LF and HF groups consuming 14·8 and 39·9 % energy from fat, respectively. Expression of FFAR4 increased by 38 % in the LF group (P = 0·023; time-diet interaction P = 0·063). ΔFFAR4 (Δ, week 8-baseline) was associated with Δfat intake (g) ( = -159·4; P < 0·001) and ΔFATT ( = -8·8; P = 0·016). In summary, FFAR4 is involved in long-term diet-mediated changes to FAT perception. Manipulating dietary fat intake, and therefore FFAR4 expression, might aid in reducing taste-mediated passive overconsumption of fatty foods.
Collapse
|
18
|
Park S, Kang S. Alcohol, Carbohydrate, and Calcium Intakes and Smoking Interactions with APOA5 rs662799 and rs2266788 were Associated with Elevated Plasma Triglyceride Concentrations in a Cross-Sectional Study of Korean Adults. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1318-1329.e1. [PMID: 32335043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations are markedly higher among Asians, which may be associated with the interaction of genetics and lifestyle factors. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic variants that have a strong association with plasma TG concentrations from genome-wide association study and to identify lifestyle interactions with the genetic variants that are associated with dyslipidemia in a cohort of Korean adults. DESIGN Korean genome and epidemiology study utilized a cross-sectional design of Koreans to determine genetic variants and lifestyle factors, including nutrient intakes, in a retrospective hospital-based city cohort conducted by the Korean Center for Disease and Control during 2004-2013. PARTICIPANTS Korean adults aged 40 to 77 years were participants (n=28,445). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The genetic variants that influence plasma TG concentrations were selected by genome-wide association study using an allele genetic model after adjusting for age, sex, area of residence, and body mass index. Lipid profiles and nutrient intakes from food frequency questionnaires were measured. The interactions between the single nucleotide polymorphisms and lifestyle factors were determined to influence plasma TG levels. RESULTS Carrying the minor alleles of APOA5 rs662799 and rs2266788 had an association with higher plasma TG concentrations by 1.86- and 1.51-fold, respectively, compared with those with the major allele (P=8.89E-150 and P=4.75E-68, respectively). Sex had an interaction with these single nucleotide polymorphisms, with males having higher plasma TG concentrations. The single nucleotide polymorphisms had significant interactions with carbohydrate, fat, and calcium intakes; alcohol consumption; and smoking status that were associated with plasma TG concentrations. Carriers with the minor allele of each single nucleotide polymorphisms had higher plasma TG concentrations when consuming-low fat (<15%) and high carbohydrate (≥72%) diets than those with major alleles. Carriers of the minor alleles with low calcium intakes (<500 mg/day) experienced elevated plasma TG concentrations compared with carriers of the major alleles. Smokers and alcohol drinkers with either of the minor alleles of APOA5, rs662799 or rs2266788, had higher plasma TG concentrations than those with its major allele. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that carrying the minor alleles of APOA5 rs662799 and rs2266788, especially for men, was associated with elevated TG concentrations and suggested that Korean carriers of the minor alleles could be at increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia. Further research is needed to investigate the efficacy of modulating lifestyle factors to prevent dyslipidemia in people carrying the minor alleles of APOA5 rs662799 and rs2266788.
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu M, Jin HS, Park S. Protein and fat intake interacts with the haplotype of PTPN11_rs11066325, RPH3A_rs886477, and OAS3_rs2072134 to modulate serum HDL concentrations in middle-aged people. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:942-949. [PMID: 31006500 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Low serum HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and it is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. We hypothesized that genetic variants that decrease serum HDL-C concentrations may interact with nutrient intakes in ways that increase or decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease. METHODS Candidate genetic variants that can lower serum HDL-C concentrations were explored by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), after adjusting for covariates, in the Ansan/Ansung cohort (n = 8842) from KoGES. The best genetic variants were selected and used to form a haplotype. According to the haplotype frequencies of SNPs, they were divided into major allele, heterozygote allele, and minor allele. The association of haplotype with serum HDL-C levels was determined using logistic regression after adjusting for confounding factors. Interaction of the haplotype with nutrient intake was also determined. RESULTS PTPN11_rs11066325, RPH3A_rs886477 and OAS3_rs2072134 were selected to modulate serum HDL-C levels from GWAS(P = 1.09E-09, 7.04E-10, and 1.27E-09, respectively). The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for a decrease in serum HDL-C concentration in the minor-allele group of the haplotype were elevated by 1.534 fold, compared to the major-allele group of the haplotype. Furthermore, the adjusted ORs for serum LDL cholesterol and levels increased by 1.645 in the minor-alleles compared to the major-alleles of the haplotype without a significant change of serum cholesterol levels. Interestingly, the adjusted ORs for serum triglyceride were lower in the minor-alleles than in the major-alleles. The haplotype had a significant interaction with the intake of protein, fat, saturated fatty acids (SAF) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; P < 0.05). In particular, the minor alleles of the haplotype decreased serum HDL-C levels compared to the major-alleles in the high intake of protein, fat, SFA, and PUFA, not in the low intake. CONCLUSIONS People carrying the minor-allele of haplotypes should avoid diets that are high in protein and fat, especially rich in SFA and PUFA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Liu
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Institue of Basic Science, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam, 31499, South Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Jin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam, 31499, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Institue of Basic Science, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam, 31499, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Julibert A, Bibiloni MDM, Tur JA. Dietary fat intake and metabolic syndrome in adults: A systematic review. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:887-905. [PMID: 31377181 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of coexisting cardiovascular risk factors. The role of specific dietary fats was reemphasized by dietary recommendations. This systematic review aims to assess evidence for the effect of dietary fat intake on MetS occurrence and reversion in adults. METHODS AND RESULTS The MEDLINE database was used to search the existing literature. We included observational studies that analyzed dietary fat intake in adults with MetS and clinical trials that compared the effects of different dietary fat diets on MetS and/or its components. Thirty articles were selected (14 observational and 16 clinical trials), and we included information of dietary fat and fatty acids as well as MetS, body mass index, cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes in adults. SFA intake was found to be positively associated with MetS components. Most of the observational reviewed studies found beneficial associations between MUFA and PUFA (including n-3 and n-6 subtypes) intake and MetS components. Clinical trials also supported the benefits of MUFA- or PUFA-enriched diets (including low-fat diets) in reducing MetS. CONCLUSIONS The effects of dietary SFAs on MetS will be influenced by other specific nutrients. Replacement of SFA by MUFA and PUFA has been associated with a decrease in MetS. Dietary recommendations should emphasize on different qualities of fat intake, not only to reduce total fat intake, to obtain health benefits in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Julibert
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Del Mar Bibiloni
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josep A Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands & CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Schebendach JE, Uniacke B, Walsh BT, Mayer LES, Attia E, Steinglass J. Fat preference and fat intake in individuals with and without anorexia nervosa. Appetite 2019; 139:35-41. [PMID: 30981752 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fat restriction is a characteristic eating behavior among individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), and laboratory meal studies demonstrate restricted fat intake among low-weight patients. The Geiselman Food Preference Questionnaire-I© (FPQ) is a validated self-report measure that yields a fat preference score (FPS). Prior research reported that patients with AN had a significantly lower FPS than did healthy control (HC) participants. The goal of the current study was to compare self-reported fat preference (FPS) to fat intake (multi-item meal (MIM) study) in low-weight ANs and HCs. Specific aims were 1) to determine if the FPS differed between ANs and HCs; 2) to determine if fat and energy intakes differed between ANs and HCs; and 3) to determine if the FPS was associated with fat and energy intakes in ANs and HCs. Forty-four female AN inpatients and 48 female HCs completed the FPQ and participated in a MIM study. Compared to HCs, ANs consumed less energy (469.1 ± 397.7 vs. 856.4 ± 346.8 kcal, p < 0.001), less fat (16.4 ± 20.4 vs. 36.7 ± 18.9 g, p < 0.001), and a smaller percentage of calories from fat (22.9 ± 13.8 vs. 36.6 ± 8.0%, p < 0.001) at the MIM. Compared to HCs, ANs also had a lower FPS (79.7 ± 27.4 vs. 102.3 ± 18.9, p < 0.001). The FPS was significantly and positively correlated with caloric intake (r = 0.481, p < 0.01), total fat (r = 0.453, p < 0.01), and the percentage of calories from fat (r = 0.37, p < 0.05) in ANs as well as in HCs (kcal: r = 0.583, p < 0.001; fat: r = 0.621, p < 0.001; % fat kcal: r = 0.601, p < 0.001). The FPS is related to objective measures of energy and fat intake in patients with AN as well as in healthy individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet E Schebendach
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, NY, USA.
| | - Blair Uniacke
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, NY, USA
| | - B Timothy Walsh
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, NY, USA
| | - Laurel E S Mayer
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, NY, USA
| | - Evelyn Attia
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, NY, USA
| | - Joanna Steinglass
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chang MW, Tan A, Schaffir J. Relationships between stress, demographics and dietary intake behaviours among low-income pregnant women with overweight or obesity. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:1066-74. [PMID: 30621807 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980018003385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify demographic risk factors associated with high stress and examine the relationships between levels of stress, demographics and dietary fat, fruit and vegetable intakes in low-income pregnant women with overweight or obesity. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Participants were recruited from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in Michigan, USA.ParticipantsParticipants (n 353) were non-Hispanic Black (black) or White (white). RESULTS Women aged 35 years or older (OR=4·09; 95% CI 1·45, 11·51) and who had high school or less education (OR=1·88; 95% CI 1·22, 2·89) or were unemployed (OR=1·89; 95% CI 1·15, 3·12) were significantly more likely to report high stress than women who were younger, had at least some college education or were employed/homemakers. However, race and smoking status were not associated with level of stress. Women with high stress reported significantly lower fruit and vegetable intakes but not fat intake than women with low stress. Women aged 35 years or older reported significantly higher vegetable but not fat or fruit intake than women who were 18-24 years old. Black women reported significantly higher fat but not fruit or vegetable intake than white women. Education, employment and smoking status were not significantly associated with dietary intake of fat, fruits and vegetables. CONCLUSIONS Nutrition counselling on reducing fat and increasing fruit and vegetable intakes may consider targeting women who are black or younger or who report high stress, respectively.
Collapse
|
23
|
Santos JA, McKenzie B, Trieu K, Farnbach S, Johnson C, Schultz J, Thow AM, Snowdon W, Bell C, Webster J. Contribution of fat, sugar and salt to diets in the Pacific Islands: a systematic review. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:1858-71. [PMID: 30612591 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980018003609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pacific Island countries are experiencing a high burden of diet-related non-communicable diseases; and consumption of fat, sugar and salt are important modifiable risk factors contributing to this. The present study systematically reviewed and summarized available literature on dietary intakes of fat, sugar and salt in the Pacific Islands. DESIGN Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and GlobalHealth) were searched from 2005 to January 2018. Grey literature was also searched and key stakeholders were consulted for additional information. Study eligibility was assessed by two authors and quality was evaluated using a modified tool for assessing dietary intake studies. RESULTS Thirty-one studies were included, twenty-two contained information on fat, seventeen on sugar and fourteen on salt. Dietary assessment methods varied widely and six different outcome measures for fat, sugar and salt intake - absolute intake, household expenditure, percentage contribution to energy intake, sources, availability and dietary behaviours - were used. Absolute intake of fat ranged from 25·4 g/d in Solomon Islands to 98·9 g/d in Guam, while salt intake ranged from 5·6 g/d in Kiribati to 10·3 g/d in Fiji. Only Guam reported on absolute sugar intake (47·3 g/d). Peer-reviewed research studies used higher-quality dietary assessment methods, while reports from national surveys had better participation rates but mostly utilized indirect methods to quantify intake. CONCLUSIONS Despite the established and growing crisis of diet-related diseases in the Pacific, there is inadequate evidence about what Pacific Islanders are eating. Pacific Island countries need nutrition monitoring systems to fully understand the changing diets of Pacific Islanders and inform effective policy interventions.
Collapse
|
24
|
Federici C, Detzel P, Petracca F, Dainelli L, Fattore G. The impact of food reformulation on nutrient intakes and health, a systematic review of modelling studies. BMC Nutr 2019; 5:2. [PMID: 32153917 PMCID: PMC7050744 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-018-0263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy diet is a risk factor for adverse health outcomes. Reformulation of processed foods has the potential to improve population diet, but evidence of its impact is limited. The purpose of this review was to explore the impact of reformulation on nutrient intakes, health outcomes and quality of life; and to evaluate the quality of modelling studies on reformulation interventions. METHODS A systematic review of peer-reviewed articles published between January 2000 and December 2017 was performed using MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane, and the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination of the University of York. Additional studies were identified through informal searches on Google and specialized websites. Only simulation studies modelling the impact of food reformulation on nutrient intakes and health outcomes were included. Included articles were independently extracted by 2 reviewers using a standardized, pre-piloted data form, including a self-developed tool to assess study quality. RESULTS A total of 33 studies met the selected inclusion criteria, with 20, 5 and 3 studies addressing sodium, sugar and fats reformulation respectively, and 5 studies addressing multiple nutrients. Evidence on the positive effects of reformulation on consumption and health was stronger for sodium interventions, less conclusive for sugar and fats. Study features were highly heterogeneous including differences in methods, the type of policy implemented, the extent of the reformulation, and the spectrum of targeted foods and nutrients. Nonetheless, partial between-study comparisons show a consistent relationship between percentages reformulated and reductions in individual consumption. Positive results are also shown for health outcomes and quality of life measures, although comparisons across studies are limited by the heterogeneity in model features and reporting. Study quality was often compromised by short time-horizons, disregard of uncertainty and time dependencies, and lack of model validation. CONCLUSIONS Reformulation models highlight relevant improvements in diets and population health. While models are valuable tools to evaluate reformulation interventions, comparisons are limited by non-homogeneous designs and assumptions. The use of validated models and extensive scenario analyses would improve models' credibility, providing useful insights for policy-makers. REVIEW REGISTRATION A research protocol was registered within the PROSPERO database (ID number CRD42017057341).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Federici
- CeRGAS (Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management), SDA Bocconi School of Management, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Detzel
- Nestlé Research Center, Nestec SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Petracca
- CeRGAS (Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management), SDA Bocconi School of Management, Milan, Italy
| | - Livia Dainelli
- Nestlé Research Center, Nestec SA, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Fattore
- CeRGAS (Centre for Research on Health and Social Care Management), SDA Bocconi School of Management, Milan, Italy
- Department of Policy Analysis and Public Management, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nakajima K, Tokita Y, Tanaka A. Hypothesis II: The majority of VLDL-apoB48 remnants in postprandial plasma are derived from the liver, not from the intestine. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 490:12-6. [PMID: 30553860 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have long thought that remnant lipoproteins (RLP) in the postprandial plasma contain CM remnants (exogenous remnants; RLP-apoB48) and VLDL remnants (endogenous remnants; RLP-apoB100) of different origin, i.e. produced in the intestine and liver, respectively. However, the majority of CM remnants incorporated into liver from the circulation are degraded in liver and may be reused for the remodeling of VLDL. Namely, the most of the apoB48 in CM remnants are smoothly incorporated into the liver after fat intake along with lipids and other apolipoproteins via the LDL receptor and LDL-receptor-related protein (LRP). Subsequently, apoB48 may be reconstituted in VLDL as VLDL apoB48 through an essential physiological pathway similar or the same to that of VLDL apoB100 formation in the liver and secreted into the circulation as VLDL apoB48 to form their remnants. Because those particles are newly reconstituted in liver as a portion of VLDL, we propose that both RLP-apoB100 and RLP-apoB48 are endogenous VLDL remnants produced in liver after fat intake. Also we predict the presence of a new pathway for the formation of VLDL apoB48 along with VLDL apoB100 in liver in humans similar in mice and rats.
Collapse
|
26
|
Kuwata H, Okamoto S, Seino Y, Murotani K, Tatsuoka H, Usui R, Hamamoto Y, Kurose T, Seino Y, Yabe D. Relationship between deterioration of glycated hemoglobin-lowering effects in dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor monotherapy and dietary habits: Retrospective analysis of Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2018; 9:1153-1158. [PMID: 29172255 PMCID: PMC6123036 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to assess possible relationships between deterioration of the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)-lowering effects in dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) monotherapy and macronutrient intake among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes patients who began and continued DPP4i monotherapy without any prescription change for 1 year were retrospectively stratified into two groups: (i) patients who maintained their HbA1c levels during the 0.5- to 1-year period after DPP4i initiation (group A, ΔHbA1c [1-0.5 year] <0.4%, n = 53); and (ii) those whose HbA1c levels increased [group B, ΔHbA1c (1-0.5 year] ≥0.4%, n = 10). Group B had significantly higher ΔHbA1c (1-0.5 year), Δbodyweight (1-0.5 year) and fat intake, especially of saturated and monounsaturated fats; the carbohydrate and protein intake were similar between groups. Multiple regression analyses showed that fat intake, especially saturated fat intake, was significantly correlated with ΔHbA1c (1-0.5 year). Thus, dietary habits, especially saturated fat intake, might well contribute to deterioration of the HbA1c-lowering effects in DPP4i monotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Kuwata
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Saki Okamoto
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Metabolic MedicineNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Kenta Murotani
- Division of BiostatisticsClinical Research CenterAichi Medical University HospitalNagakuteJapan
| | - Hisato Tatsuoka
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and NutritionKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Ryota Usui
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and NutritionKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yoshiyuki Hamamoto
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Takeshi Kurose
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Yutaka Seino
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Daisuke Yabe
- Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes ResearchKansai Electric Power Medical Research InstituteKobeJapan
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismKansai Electric Power HospitalOsakaJapan
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and NutritionKyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Division of Molecular and Metabolic MedicineDepartment of Physiology and Cell BiologyKobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeJapan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Basolo A, Votruba SB, Heinitz S, Krakoff J, Piaggi P. Deviations in energy sensing predict long-term weight change in overweight Native Americans. Metabolism 2018; 82:65-71. [PMID: 29305947 PMCID: PMC5930127 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Energy expenditure (EE), as reflective of body energy demand, has been proposed to be the key driver of food intake, possibly influencing weight change in humans. Variation in this energy-sensing link (overeating relative to weight-maintaining energy requirements) may lead to weight gain over time. SUBJECTS/METHODS Sixty-one overweight otherwise healthy Native Americans (age: 34.0 ± 7.9 years, body fat: 39.7 ± 9.5%, 36 males) were admitted to our clinical research unit for measurements of body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and 24-h EE and respiratory quotient (RQ) in a whole-room indirect calorimeter during energy balance and weight stability. Following this, ad libitum food intake was assessed for three days using computerized vending machines. Body weight change under unrestricted free-living conditions was assessed at an outpatient follow-up visit (median follow-up time = 1.7 years). RESULTS Total ad libitum food intake (3-day average) was positively associated with 24-h EE (r = 0.44, p < 0.001), RQ (r = 0.34, p = 0.007), and fat free mass (r = 0.38, p = 0.002). A relatively greater food intake after accounting for 24-h EE, but not for RQ (p = 0.30) or for fat free mass (p = 0.23) nor total food intake (p = 0.16), predicted weight gain at the outpatient follow-up visit (r = 0.26, p = 0.04), such that overeating 100 Kcal/d above the food intake predicted by 24-h EE at baseline was associated with an average weight gain of 0.22 Kg over the follow-up period (95% CI: 0.01 to 0.42 Kg). This was due to relatively greater dietary fat intake (r = 0.32, p = 0.01), but not carbohydrate (p = 0.27) or protein (p = 0.06) intake. CONCLUSION The individual propensity to overeating, particularly fat, in excess of the weight-maintaining energy requirements can be assessed and predicts long-term weight gain, suggesting that variation in energy sensing may influence appetite by favoring overeating thus promoting obesity development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Basolo
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Susanne B Votruba
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Sascha Heinitz
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Jonathan Krakoff
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Paolo Piaggi
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Combe N, Henry O, Lopez C, Vaysse C, Fonseca I, Ribaud D, Driss F, Simon N, Le Guillou C, Mendy F. Hospital Diet Enriched With Rapeseed or Sunflower Oils Is Associated With a Decrease in Plasma 16:1n-7 and Some Metabolic Disorders in the Elderly. Lipids 2018; 53:145-155. [PMID: 29394449 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that the prevalence of dysglycemia was high among hospitalized elderly people who were fed a low fat diet (27.7% of energy) and was positively associated with plasma 16:1n-7, an indicator of de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Fatty acids in the DNL pathway have been shown to be associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential beneficial effects of fat enrichment (up to 34.1%en) of the hospital diet in 111 patients (30 men and 81 women, 84 ± 7 years) during 6 weeks. Based on gender, they were randomly given a diet supplemented either with rapeseed oil (RO) or with sunflower oil (SO). Fatty acids of cholesteryl esters and erythrocyte phospholipids and markers of metabolic disorders were evaluated before and after dietary intervention. Both enriched diets significantly, and to a similar extent, decreased (1) the overall prevalence of dysglycemia (by 25-33%) and MetS (by 31-43%) and (2) plasma 16:1n-7 mol% in men and women. Dysglycemia prevalence adjusted by the diets was reduced in men versus baseline; no change was found in women. Enrichment of the diet with RO or SO resulted in a difference in fatty acid compositions, that is, EPA (mol%) and the omega-3 index increased with RO, while proportions of 18:1n-7, 18:1n-9, and EPA decreased with SO. These findings highlight the need for adequate fat intake in the elderly. For supplementation of the hospital diet, RO, which led to a higher proportion of circulating n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and is known to be beneficial, may be preferred to SO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Combe
- ITERG, Unité de Nutrition, Métabolisme & Santé, Université Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Henry
- Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Hôpital Emile Roux, 94450 Limeil-Brévannes, France
| | - Carlos Lopez
- Institut de l'Elevage, 149 rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris, France
| | - Carole Vaysse
- ITERG, Unité de Nutrition, Métabolisme & Santé, Université Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Fonseca
- Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor, Hôpital Emile Roux, 94450 Limeil-Brévannes, France
| | - Danièle Ribaud
- Institut de l'Elevage, 149 rue de Bercy, 75595 Paris, France
| | - Fathi Driss
- Laboratoire d'Hormonologie/Géné. Mol., Hôpital Bichat, Claude Bernard, Paris, France
| | - Noëmie Simon
- Terres Univia, 11 rue de Monceau, 75008 Paris, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Azary S, Schreiner T, Graves J, Waldman A, Belman A, Guttman BW, Aaen G, Tillema JM, Mar S, Hart J, Ness J, Harris Y, Krupp L, Gorman M, Benson L, Rodriguez M, Chitnis T, Rose J, Barcellos LF, Lotze T, Carmichael SL, Roalstad S, Casper CT, Waubant E. Contribution of dietary intake to relapse rate in early paediatric multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2018; 89:28-33. [PMID: 28993476 PMCID: PMC5732893 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2017-315936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of diet in multiple sclerosis (MS) course remains largely unknown. Children with MS have a higher relapse rate compared with MS in adults. Thus, studying the effect of diet on relapse rate in this age group is likely to provide more robust answers. METHODS This is a multicentre study done at 11 paediatric MS centres in the USA. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) with disease onset before 18 years of age and duration of less than 4 years were included in this study. Dietary intake during the week before enrolment was assessed with the validated Block Kids Food Screener. The outcome of the study was time from enrolment to the next relapse. 219 patients with paediatric RRMS or CIS were enrolled. Each 10% increase in energy intake from fat increased the hazard of relapse by 56% (adjusted HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.31, p=0.027), and in particular each 10% increase in saturated fat tripled this hazard (adjusted HR: 3.37, 95% CI 1.34 to 8.43, p=0.009). In contrast, each additional one cup equivalent of vegetable decreased the hazard of relapse by 50% (adjusted HR: 0.50, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.91, p=0.024). These associations remained with mutual adjustment and persisted when adjusting for baseline 25(OH) vitamin D serum level. Other studied nutrients were not associated with relapse. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that in children with MS, high energy intake from fat, especially saturated fat, may increase the hazard to relapse, while vegetable intake may be independently protective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Azary
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Regional Pediatric MS Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Teri Schreiner
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer Graves
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Regional Pediatric MS Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amy Waldman
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anita Belman
- Department of Neurology, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Bianca Weinstock Guttman
- Department of Neurology, The Pediatric MS Center at the Jacobs Neurological Institute, SUNY, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Gregory Aaen
- Department of Child Neurology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | | | - Soe Mar
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Janace Hart
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Regional Pediatric MS Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jayne Ness
- Department of Neurology, Alabama Pediatric MS Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yolanda Harris
- Department of Neurology, Alabama Pediatric MS Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lauren Krupp
- Department of Neurology, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Mark Gorman
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leslie Benson
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Moses Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tanuja Chitnis
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Rose
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Lisa F Barcellos
- Division of Epidemiology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Tim Lotze
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Suzan L Carmichael
- Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Shelly Roalstad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Charles T Casper
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Waubant
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Regional Pediatric MS Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Woestenenk JW, Schulkes DA, Schipper HS, van der Ent CK, Houwen RHJ. Dietary intake and lipid profile in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2017; 16:410-7. [PMID: 28283399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are advised to derive 35% of their daily energy intake from dietary fat. Whether this high fat intake is associated with dyslipidaemia is unknown. We described the lipid profile and dietary intake in paediatric patients with CF. METHODS 110 fasting lipid concentrations of 110 Dutch patients with CF were studied, along with 86 measurements of dietary intake. For the total group and for boys and girls separately, the lipid profile and the dietary intake were investigated. The cross-sectional relationship between the lipid concentrations and dietary intake was determined. RESULTS The mean dietary fat intake was ≥35% of the total energy intake, along with a considerable consumption of saturated fat. We found lower concentrations of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased concentrations of triglyceride and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios. Lipid concentrations were not associated with dietary fat intake. CONCLUSION This study lacks variation in dietary fat intake to exclude an effect on lipid concentrations as the distribution of dietary fat intake remained constant at a high level. Elevated triglyceride concentrations and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios suggest an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Any negative consequences of a high dietary fat intake on the overall lipid profile later in life cannot be excluded.
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Dietary fat intake is correlated with increased insulin resistance (IR). However, it is unknown whether gene-diet interaction modulates the association. This study estimated heritability of IR measures and the related genetic correlations with fat intake, and tested whether dietary fat intake modifies the genetic influence on type 2 diabetes (T2D)-related traits in Chinese child twins. We included 622 twins aged 7-15 years (n 311 pairs, 162 monozygotic (MZ), 149 dizygotic (DZ)) from south-eastern China. Dietary factors were measured using FFQ. Structural equation models were fit using Mx statistical package. The intra-class correlation coefficients for all traits related to T2D were higher for MZ twins than for DZ twins. Dietary fat and fasting serum insulin (additive genetic correlation (r A) 0·20; 95 % CI 0·08, 0·43), glucose (r A 0·12; 95 % CI 0·01, 0·40), homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (Homa-IR) (r A 0·22; 95 % CI 0·10, 0·50) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (Quicki) (r A -0·22; 95 % CI -0·40, 0·04) showed strong genetic correlations. Heritabilities of dietary fat intake, fasting glucose and insulin were estimated to be 52, 70 and 70 %, respectively. More than 70 % of the phenotypic correlations between dietary fat and insulin, glucose, Homa-IR and the Quicki index appeared to be mediated by shared genetic influence. Dietary fat significantly modified additive genetic effects on these quantitative traits associated with T2D. Analysis of Chinese twins yielded high estimates of heritability of dietary fat intake and IR. Genetic factors appear to contribute to a high proportion of the variance for both insulin sensitivity and IR. Dietary fat intake modifies the genetic influence on blood levels of insulin and glucose, Homa-IR and the Quicki index.
Collapse
|
32
|
Kamran A, Sharifirad G, Heydari H, Sharifian E. The Effect of Theory Based Nutritional Education on Fat Intake, Weight and Blood Lipids. Electron Physician 2016; 8:3333-3342. [PMID: 28163845 PMCID: PMC5279963 DOI: 10.19082/3333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Though Nutrition plays a key role in the control of hypertension, it is often forgotten in Iranian patients' diet. In fact, dietary behavior can be regarded as unsatisfactory among Iranian patients. This study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of theory based educational intervention on fat intake, weight, and blood lipids among rural hypertensive patients. METHODS This quasi experimental study was conducted on 138 hypertensive patients who had referred to Ardabil rural health centers during 2014. The nutritional education based on DASH and Health Promotion Model (HPM) was treated for six sessions. The pre-test and post-test had intervals of two and six months. Data were analyzed using SPSS-18 and Chi-square, independent-samples t-test, paired-samples t-test and repeated measure ANOVA. RESULTS After treating intervention, weight, dietary fat, LDL_C and Total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). In contrast, HDL_C increased significantly in the intervention group. CONCLUSION Educational intervention, provided based on Pender's health promotion model, affecting fat intake, blood lipids, and blood pressure, led to their decrease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Kamran
- Ph.D. of Health Education and Promotion, Assistant Professor, Public Health Department, Khalkhal Faculty of Medical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Sharifirad
- Ph.D. of Health Education and Promotion, Professor, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, Iran
| | - Heshmatolah Heydari
- Ph.D. of Community Health Nursing, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Ph.D. of Community Health Nursing, Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Sharifian
- M.Sc., Nursing Department, Nursing School, Khalkhal Faculty of Medical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kang YJ, Wang HW, Cheon SY, Lee HJ, Hwang KM, Yoon HS. Associations of Obesity and Dyslipidemia with Intake of Sodium, Fat, and Sugar among Koreans: a Qualitative Systematic Review. Clin Nutr Res 2016; 5:290-304. [PMID: 27812518 PMCID: PMC5093226 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2016.5.4.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A qualitative systematic review was performed to identify associations of obesity and dyslipidemia with intake of sodium, fat, and sugar among Koreans. We reviewed 6 Korean research databases (KMbase, KoreaMed, NDSL, DBpia, RISS, KISS) with the keywords “sodium intake,” “fat intake,” and “sugar intake.” Total of 11 studies were investigated in this present study. Of these articles, 7 studies were related to sodium intake, 2 studies had a relation to fat intake, and 2 studies were associated with sugar intake. We indicated general characteristics, concentration of serum lipids, nutrition intake, and statistically significant results. High sodium intake contributed to increased etiology of hypertriglyceridemia, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) hypocholesterolemia, and a risk of being overweight. Fat intake was significantly associated with body fat, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) hypercholesterolemia, and HDL hypocholesterolemia. Sugar intake from coffee drinks and sugar-sweetened beverages contributed to increased HDL hypocholesterolemia and continuous metabolic syndrome score. This qualitative review among Koreans represented that intake of sodium, fat, and sugar has a positive relationship with cause of obesity-related diseases. Especially, this present study has a great significance in terms of considered study that intake of the potentially hazardous nutrients among Koreans has an association with obesity and dyslipidemia. However, further studies such as randomized controlled trials on associations between sodium, fat, and sugar and obesity and dyslipidemia need to be continuously required in order to conduct quantitative systematic reviews and a meta-analysis for Koreans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Jung Kang
- Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Hye Won Wang
- Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Se Young Cheon
- Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Hwa Jung Lee
- Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Kyung Mi Hwang
- Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| | - Hae Seong Yoon
- Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju 28159, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Labayen I, Ruiz JR, Huybrechts I, Ortega FB, Arenaza L, González-Gross M, Widhalm K, Molnar D, Manios Y, DeHenauw S, Meirhaeghe A, Moreno LA. Dietary fat intake modifies the influence of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on adiposity in adolescents: The HELENA cross-sectional study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:937-43. [PMID: 27514607 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) has been associated with obesity and dietary intake. The aims were: (i) To assess whether energy and macronutrient intakes were different across the FTOrs9939609 genotypes in adolescents, and (ii) to explore whether dietary fat intake modified the association of the rs9939609 polymorphism with adiposity. METHODS AND RESULTS The FTOrs9939609 polymorphism was genotyped in 652 adolescents (53% females, 14.8 ± 1.2 years, TT = 246, TA = 296, AA = 110). Energy and macronutrient intake were assessed by two non-consecutive 24 h-recalls. Weight, height, waist circumference and skinfold thicknesses were measured and body fat percent was calculated. Energy and macronutrient intake were similar across the FTOrs9939609 genotypes (P > 0.2). There were significant interactions between the FTO polymorphism and fat intake on adiposity estimates (P < 0.05). In adolescents whose fat intake was below 30% (N = 203), the A allele of rs9939609 was not associated with adiposity indices. In contrast, in adolescents whose fat intake was between 30% and 35% of energy (N = 190), the rs9939609 polymorphism was associated with a 1.9% higher body fat per risk allele (95%CI: 0.39, 3.33; P < 0.05), and in those whose fat intake was higher than 35% (N = 259), it was associated with a 2.8% higher body fat per risk allele (95%CI: 1.27, 4.43; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings support the concept that the deleterious effect of the FTOrs9939609 polymorphism on adiposity is exacerbated in adolescents consuming high fat diets. In contrast, the consumption of low fat diets (<30% of energy) may attenuate the genetic predisposition to obesity in risk allele carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Labayen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain; Nutrition, Exercise and Health Research Group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - J R Ruiz
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - I Huybrechts
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; International Agency for Research on Cancer, Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, Lyon, France
| | - F B Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - L Arenaza
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria, Spain; Nutrition, Exercise and Health Research Group, Elikadura, Ariketa Fisikoa eta Osasuna, ELIKOS Group, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - M González-Gross
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - K Widhalm
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Molnar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pecs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Y Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - S DeHenauw
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Meirhaeghe
- INSERM U1167, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, France
| | - L A Moreno
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sheikh VK, Raynor HA. Decreases in High-Fat and/or High-Added-Sugar Food Group Intake Occur when a Hypocaloric, Low-Fat Diet Is Prescribed Within a Lifestyle Intervention: A Secondary Cohort Analysis. J Acad Nutr Diet 2016; 116:1599-1605. [PMID: 27436530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When a hypocaloric, low-fat diet is prescribed, intake of currently consumed foods can decrease, foods naturally low in fat and/or added sugar may increase, or fat- or sugar-modified foods may increase. OBJECTIVE To examine food group intake change and its relation to reductions in energy and fat intake and weight during a lifestyle intervention. DESIGN Secondary cohort analysis. PARTICIPANTS One hundred sixty-nine participants (aged 52.0±8.6 years, body mass index 34.9±4.5, 92% white, 97.6% non-Hispanic, and 56.8% women) with complete data at 0 and 6 months collected in a research setting. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES From three 24-hour telephone dietary recalls, 165 food groups from Nutrition Data System for Research software were coded into 25 larger food groups assessing intake of higher-fat and/or added-sugar food groups vs naturally lower-fat and/or added-sugar food groups and into 17 larger food groups assessing intake of nonmodified vs fat- and/or sugar-modified food groups. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Repeated measures analyses of covariance (intervention group: covariate) assessed changes from 0 to 6 months. Hierarchical regressions examined changes in food group intake and changes in energy intake, percent energy from fat intake, and weight from 0 to 6 months. RESULTS Significant reductions (P<0.05) in intake of high-fat and/or high-added-sugar food groups (Higher-Fat Dairy; Higher-Fat Eggs; Higher-Fat Fats; Higher-Fat Fruit; Higher-Fat Meat; Nonmodified Higher-Fat Fats, Oils, and Sweets; Nonmodified Higher-Fat Sugar-Sweetened Fats, Oils, and Sweets; Nonmodified Regular-Fat Dairy; and Nonmodified Regular-Fat Sugar-Sweetened Dairy) occurred. Decreases in the Higher-Fat Meat group were significantly (P<0.05) related to decreases in energy intake, percent energy from fat intake, and weight. CONCLUSIONS When a hypocaloric, low-fat diet is prescribed, reductions in high-fat and/or high-added-sugar food groups occur. Targeting reductions in high-fat meats may improve outcomes.
Collapse
|
36
|
Zhou X, Shen Y, Parker JK, Kennedy OB, Methven L. Relative Effects of Sensory Modalities and Importance of Fatty Acid Sensitivity on Fat Perception in a Real Food Model. CHEMOSENS PERCEPT 2016; 9:105-119. [PMID: 27594969 PMCID: PMC4989022 DOI: 10.1007/s12078-016-9211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fat can be perceived through mouthfeel, odour and taste, but the influence of these modalities on fat perception remains undefined. Fatty acids are stimuli and individual sensitivity to fatty acids varies. Studies show association between fatty acid sensitivity, dietary intake and BMI, but results are conflicting. Therefore, this study examined this association, and the effect of modalities on fat perception. METHODS Two sub-studies were conducted. In study 1 (n = 46), fat intensity was assessed by milk/cream mixtures varying by five fat levels. Fat intensity was rated under four conditions: mouthfeel odour-masked, mouthfeel-masked, odour masked and with no masking. Mouthfeel masking was achieved using thickener and paraffin, odour masking using nose-clips. Fatty acid sensitivity was measured by 3-AFC staircase method using milk containing oleic acid (0.31-31.4 mM). In study 2 (n = 51), more fat levels were added into the intensity rating. A 2-AFC discrimination test was used to confirm whether fat levels could be distinguished. In the sensitivity test, a wider range of oleic acid was included. RESULTS Fat intensity was rated higher without nose clips (p < 0.0001), implying that odour increased fat perception. Mouthfeel-masked samples were rated higher, showing that increased viscosity and lubricity enhanced fat perception (p < 0.0001). Participants could distinguish fat levels based on "taste" in rating tests and 2-AFC tests. Participants were divided into high-/medium-/low-sensitivity groups. No significant difference was found in fat intensity between groups; however, the high-sensitivity group discriminated more fat levels. No association between sensitivity groups, nutrient intake or BMI was found. CONCLUSION Mouthfeel and odour can enhance fat perception. Fat level can be discriminated based on taste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Zhou
- Sensory Centre, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP UK
| | - Yuchi Shen
- Sensory Centre, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP UK
| | - Jane K Parker
- Flavour Centre, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Orla B Kennedy
- Hugh Sinclair Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Lisa Methven
- Sensory Centre, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP UK
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, PO Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP UK
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li C, Yang L, Zhang D, Jiang W. Systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that dietary cholesterol intake increases risk of breast cancer. Nutr Res 2016; 36:627-35. [PMID: 27333953 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Several epidemiological investigations have been conducted to evaluate the relationship between dietary cholesterol intake and risk of breast cancer, but the results are inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to summarize the evidence from observational studies to test the hypothesis that dietary cholesterol intake increases the risk of breast cancer. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for relevant articles published up to July 2015. Pooled relative risks were calculated with random effects model. Dose-response relationship was assessed by restricted cubic spline model. Overall, 9 articles involving 6 cohort studies and 3 case-control studies were included in this study. The pooled relative risk with 95% confidence intervals of breast cancer for the highest vs lowest category of dietary cholesterol intake was 1.29 (1.06-1.56). For dose-response analysis, a nonlinear relationship was found between dietary cholesterol and breast cancer, and the association became statistically significant when the cholesterol intake was greater than 370 mg/d. Results from this meta-analysis indicated that dietary cholesterol was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changkun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Rd, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Rd, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Rd, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Rd, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fusch G, Kwan C, Huang RC, Rochow N, Fusch C. Need of quality control programme when using near-infrared human milk analyzers. Acta Paediatr 2016; 105:324-5. [PMID: 26663457 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Fusch
- Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Celia Kwan
- Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Ruo Chen Huang
- Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Niels Rochow
- Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Christoph Fusch
- Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Park S, Ahn J, Lee BK. Very-low-fat diets may be associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome in the adult population. Clin Nutr 2015; 35:1159-67. [PMID: 26602244 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although fat intake has often been targeted to decrease the prevalence of metabolic syndrome; however decreasing dietary fat intake has not had this result. We studied the association between fat intake and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adults using KNHANES 2007-2013 data, a representative sample of the non-institutionalized civilian population. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 34,003 Korean adults aged ≥19 years. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the components of metabolic syndrome were measured according to fat intake (≤15, 15-25, ≥25% of daily energy intake) while controlling for covariates that affect metabolic syndrome using linear and logistic regression analysis while incorporating the sample weights for the complex sample design of the survey. RESULTS Surprisingly, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in the ≤15% fat intake group (OR = 1.277), accompanied by lower daily energy intake compared to the reference group (≥25% fat intake). Higher daily fat intake was associated with significantly lower ORs for four components of metabolic syndrome, except diabetes mellitus, using continuous variable analysis, whereas only three serum components (serum HDL, serum triglyceride, and blood pressure) exhibited significantly higher ORs in the lowest tertile of dietary fat intake (≤15%) compared with the reference group (≥25% fat-intake tertile). Subjects in a low-fat intake group had about 6.0 g polyunsaturated fatty acid/day that did not meet the recommended intake. Consumption of grain groups was a significant predictor of low fat intake, whereas milk food groups were significant predictors of not having low fat intake. Subjects in the low-fat group (≤15%) had much lower daily energy intake, by 500 kcal, compared with subjects who consumed high-fat diets (≥25%). All nutrients except carbohydrates had significantly lower mean values in the low-fat-intake group as compared to the high-fat-intake group. CONCLUSIONS Low fat intake, <15%, was associated with a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome in the adult population, despite the daily energy intakes being lower by 500 kcal and the intakes with proper ratio (1:1.03:1.01) of saturate, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid; this may be related to lower intake of various nutrients other than carbohydrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Basic Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Jaeouk Ahn
- Department of Medical IT Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Byung-Kook Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea; Chungju Medical Center, Chungju, Chungbuk, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Shafaie Y, Hoffman DJ, Tepper BJ. Consumption of a high-fat soup preload leads to differences in short-term energy and fat intake between PROP non-taster and super-taster women. Appetite 2015; 89:196-202. [PMID: 25675856 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Taste blindness to the bitterness of PROP (6-n-propylthiouracil) has been used as a genetic marker for food selection and adiposity. We have shown that PROP non-taster (NT) women have higher BMIs and habitually consume more fat and energy than either medium-taster (MT) or super-taster (ST) women. These data imply that differences in dietary selection underlie the body weight differences among PROP taster groups. However, no studies investigated energy compensation in women classified by PROP status. We investigated if NTs would compensate less accurately for the calories and fat in a high-fat soup preload in a subsequent test meal compared to MTs and STs. Energy intake from a buffet meal was measured in 75 healthy non-diet-restrained, lean women 30 min after the ingestion of a high-fat soup preload (0.8 kcal/g; 55% calories from fat), calculated to represent 10% of resting energy expenditure for each subject, or the same volume of water. Subjects (n = 20-28/taster group) ate a standard breakfast followed 3 hr later by an ad-libitum buffet lunch, on two occasions. There were no differences in energy intake or macronutrient selection across taster groups after water. After soup, NTs consumed more energy than STs. Fat intake (as %-energy) was higher in NTs (46.4% ± 2.4) compared to either MTs (36.1 ± 1.9%) or STs (38.1% ± 2.3; p < 0.05). NTs overate by 11% ± 5 after the soup compared to MTs and STs who underrate by 16% ± 6 and 26% ± 10, respectively (p < 0.01). These data suggest that small discrepancies in short-term energy compensation and selection of fat after a mixed-nutrient, high-fat preload may play a role in positive energy balance and increased adiposity in women with the PROP non-taster phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Shafaie
- Department of Food Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-0231, United States
| | - Daniel J Hoffman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Beverly J Tepper
- Department of Food Science, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-0231, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Alcantara I, Haardörfer R, Gazmararian JA, Hartman TJ, Greene B, Kegler MC. Relative validation of fruit and vegetable intake and fat intake among overweight and obese African-American women. Public Health Nutr 2015; 18:1932-40. [PMID: 25412867 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980014002547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare commonly used dietary screeners for fat intake and fruit and vegetable intake with 24 h dietary recalls among low-income, overweight and obese African-American women. DESIGN Three telephone interviews were completed; measures included two 24 h dietary recalls (a weekday and weekend day) using the Nutrition Data System for Research software, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System's (BRFSS) Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Module and the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Percentage Energy from Fat Screener. SETTING Participants were recruited from three federally qualified health centres in south-west Georgia, USA. SUBJECTS Participants (n 260) were African-American women ranging in age from 35 to 65 years. About half were unemployed (49.6%) and 58.7% had a high-school education or less. Most were obese (88.5%), with 39.6% reporting a BMI ≥ 40.0 kg/m(2). RESULTS Mean fruit and vegetable intake reported from the 24 h dietary recall was 2.66 servings/d compared with 2.79 servings/d with the BRFSS measure. The deattenuated Pearson correlation was 0.22, with notable variation by weight status, education level and age. Mean percentage of energy from fat was 35.5% as reported from the 24 h dietary recall, compared with 33.0% as measured by the NCI fat screener. The deattenuated Pearson correlation was 0.38, also with notable variation by weight status, education level and age. CONCLUSIONS Validity of brief dietary intake measures may vary by demographic characteristics of the sample. Additional measurement work may be needed to accurately measure dietary intake in obese African-American women.
Collapse
|
42
|
Choi SE, Chan J. Relationship of 6-n-propylthiouracil taste intensity and chili pepper use with body mass index, energy intake, and fat intake within an ethnically diverse population. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 115:389-396. [PMID: 25441957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the weight-loss strategies that has attracted attention is the use of spicy foods. It has been suggested that spicy food preference is related to a genetically predetermined sensitivity to the bitter compound 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP). OBJECTIVE Our aim was to examine the relationship of PROP taste intensity and hot chili pepper use with body mass index (BMI), energy intake, and fat intake. DESIGN This study utilized a cross-sectional design. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING The sample included 350 subjects (154 male, 196 female) ages 18 to 55 years living in the New York City area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES BMI was calculated by measuring weight and height, and the sensitivity to PROP was evaluated using the PROP filter paper method. Subjects also rated the frequency of usage and preference for hot chili pepper using a chili pepper questionnaire. Their daily energy and fat intake were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED An independent sample t-test compared subject characteristics between groups based on sex, PROP status, and hot chili pepper user status for the continuous variables, and the χ(2) test was used for categorical variables. One-way analysis variance examined the differences in subject characteristics across four ethnicities. To predict BMI, energy intake, and fat intake, multiple linear regression models were fit with the covariates of age, sex, ethnicity, chili pepper score, and PROP mean. RESULTS The values for BMI, energy intake, and fat intake of PROP tasters were significantly lower than those of PROP nontasters (P=0.03, P<0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). The energy intake of chili pepper nonusers was significantly lower than that of chili pepper users (P=0.02), while there was no significant difference in fat intake between chili pepper users and nonusers. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that PROP taste sensitivity contributes more to the prediction of energy and fat intake than chili pepper use.
Collapse
|
43
|
Barrington WE, Beresford SA, McGregor BA, White E. Perceived stress and eating behaviors by sex, obesity status, and stress vulnerability: findings from the vitamins and lifestyle (VITAL) study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 114:1791-9. [PMID: 24828150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Stress has been associated with eating patterns in human studies with differences due to the type and duration of stressor, type of food, and individual susceptibility factors. Laboratory and smaller epidemiological studies have reported stress-associated preferences for foods high in sugar and fat; associations have been found more consistently among women and people who are obese. Larger studies are needed to sufficiently test these relationships. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between self-reported amount of stress and dietary nutrient intakes (percentage energy from fat, carbohydrates, added sugar) and dietary behaviors (number of eating occasions and servings of fruits and vegetables, high-fat snacks, fast-food items, and sweetened drinks) by sex, obesity status, and stress vulnerability. Linear regression was used to estimate associations of perceived stress with eating patterns among 65,235 older adults while adjusting for demographic factors, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol intake, number of comorbidities, and other relevant covariates. Higher perceived stress was associated with greater intake of energy from fat, high-fat snacks, and fast-food items as well as lower intake of energy from carbohydrates (all P for trend ≤0.002). Among those with high perceived stress vulnerability, perceived stress was associated with fewer eating occasions (P for interaction <0.0001). Although associations were small, significant relationships were found for perceived stress arising from everyday experiences among an older, mostly white population. These findings have public health implications and suggest that stress may be important to consider in programs promoting healthy eating.
Collapse
|