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Biks GA, Shiferie F, Tsegaye DA, Asefa W, DelPizzo F, Gebremedhin S. Understanding Socioeconomic Inequalities in Zero-Dose Children for Vaccination in Underserved Settings of Ethiopia: Decomposition Analysis Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1086. [PMID: 39200695 PMCID: PMC11354894 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21081086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite considerable global efforts to enhance vaccine distribution in low-income countries, a significant number of children remain unvaccinated, particularly in Ethiopia. The underlying socioeconomic challenges in these regions are recognized as primary contributors to the low vaccination rates. However, the reasons for this persistent disparity in Ethiopia's remote and underserved regions need further analysis. The study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted as part of the Project HOPE Zero-Dose Evaluation from 1 February to 31 July 2022. Concentration indices were utilized to quantify the extent of inequality, with further decomposition aimed at identifying contributing factors to this disparity. The findings underscored that populations with lower socioeconomic status encounter high numbers of children receiving no vaccinations. Key factors influencing the number of zero-dose children included distance from healthcare facilities (61.03%), economic status of the household (38.93%), absence of skilled birth assistance (20.36%), underutilization of antenatal care services (
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Affiliation(s)
- Gashaw Andargie Biks
- Project HOPE, Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 45, Ethiopia; (F.S.); (D.A.T.)
| | - Fisseha Shiferie
- Project HOPE, Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 45, Ethiopia; (F.S.); (D.A.T.)
| | - Dawit Abraham Tsegaye
- Project HOPE, Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 45, Ethiopia; (F.S.); (D.A.T.)
| | - Wondwossen Asefa
- Project HOPE Headquarter, 1220 19th St NW #800, Washington, DC 20036, USA;
| | - Frank DelPizzo
- Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 500 5th Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
| | - Samson Gebremedhin
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia;
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Islam MJ, Zobair KM. Do timing and frequency of antenatal care make a difference in maternal micronutrient intake and breastfeeding practices? Insights from a multi-country study in South Asia. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002993. [PMID: 38437199 PMCID: PMC10911624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Despite the established benefits of vitamins and minerals for maternal and neonatal health, global micronutrient deficiency remains a significant concern. As such, the World Health Organization advocates timely antenatal care (ANC) initiation and micronutrient supplementation for expectant mothers. This study investigates the association between ANC timing and frequency and maternal health behaviours, specifically iron-folic acid (IFA) intake, early breastfeeding initiation, and exclusive breastfeeding among married women in South Asia. By utilizing recent Demographic and Health Survey data, this study focuses on married women aged 15-49 in Bangladesh (N = 966), India (N = 89,472), and Pakistan (N = 1,005), specifically primiparous women with children aged 0-23 months living with the motherMultivariable analysis revealed that women receiving ≥4 ANC visits were more likely to consume IFA ≥90 days compared to those with fewer visits in Bangladesh (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI [1.30, 2.63]), India (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI [1.81, 1.94]), and Pakistan (AOR: 1.92, 95% CI [1.24, 2.97]). Women receiving first ANC in the second or third trimester were less likely to consume IFC for ≥90 days compared to those with first-trimester ANC. While the ANC timing did not significantly influence early breastfeeding initiation, ANC frequency was inversely associated with delayed initiation in all countries. Breastfeeding advice during ANC visits was significantly associated with reduced odds of delayed breastfeeding initiation. Neither ANC timing nor frequency significantly predicted exclusive breastfeeding, except for breastfeeding advice in India. This study highlights the importance of ANC in maternal and child health outcomes. ANC timing and frequency, along with breastfeeding advice during ANC, notably influence maternal IFA consumption and early breastfeeding initiation. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions during ANC visits to enhance maternal and child health practices in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jahirul Islam
- Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Ministry of Public Administration, Bangladesh Secretariat, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Khondker Mohammad Zobair
- Department of International Business and Asian Studies, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Tesfay N, Kebede M, Asamene N, Tadesse M, Begna D, Woldeyohannes F. Factors determining antenatal care utilization among mothers of deceased perinates in Ethiopia. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1203758. [PMID: 38020089 PMCID: PMC10663362 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1203758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Receiving adequate antenatal care (ANC) had an integral role in improving maternal and child health outcomes. However, several factors influence the utilization of ANC from the individual level up to the community level factors. Thus, this study aims to investigate factors that determine ANC service utilization among mothers of deceased perinate using the proper count regression model. Method Secondary data analysis was performed on perinatal death surveillance data. A total of 3,814 mothers of deceased perinates were included in this study. Hurdle Poisson regression with a random intercept at both count-and zero-part (MHPR.ERE) model was selected as a best-fitted model. The result of the model was presented in two ways, the first part of the count segment of the model was presented using the incidence rate ratio (IRR), while the zero parts of the model utilized the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Result This study revealed that 33.0% of mothers of deceased perinates had four ANC visits. Being in advanced maternal age [IRR = 1.03; 95CI: (1.01-1.09)], attending primary level education [IRR = 1.08; 95 CI: (1.02-1.15)], having an advanced education (secondary and above) [IRR = 1.14; 95 CI: (1.07-1.21)] and being resident of a city administration [IRR = 1.17; 95 CI: (1.05-1.31)] were associated with a significantly higher frequency of ANC visits. On the other hand, women with secondary and above education [AOR = 0.37; 95CI: (0.26-0.53)] and women who live in urban areas [AOR = 0.42; 95 CI: (0.33-0.54)] were less likely to have unbooked ANC visit, while women who resided in pastoralist regions [AOR = 2.63; 95 CI: (1.02-6.81)] were more likely to have no ANC visit. Conclusion The uptake of ANC service among mothers having a deceased perinate was determined by both individual (maternal age and educational status) and community (residence and type of region) level factors. Thus, a concerted effort is needed to improve community awareness through various means of communication by targeting younger women. Furthermore, efforts should be intensified to narrow down inequalities observed in ANC service provision due to the residence of the mothers by availing necessary personnel and improving the accessibility of service in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neamin Tesfay
- Center of Public Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mandefro Kebede
- Center of Public Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Negga Asamene
- Center of Public Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Muse Tadesse
- Center of Public Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dumesa Begna
- Center of Public Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Fitsum Woldeyohannes
- Health Financing Program, Clinton Health Access Initiative, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Abdo R, Demelash M, Seid AM, Mussema A. First trimester antenatal care contact in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and contributing factors. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:742. [PMID: 37858033 PMCID: PMC10585910 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-06034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection, prevention, and management of diseases associated with pregnancy and pregnancy-related conditions depend on the beginning of antenatal care contact in the first trimester. Across Africa, regional and national differences are observed in the proportion of first-trimester ANC contact and the factors contributing to it. To create a suitable intervention plan, it is crucial to overcome these differences through single standard and uniform guidelines. This can be achieved through meta-analysis and systematic reviews. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of first trimester ANC contact and the factors contributing to it in Africa. METHODS Observational studies conducted in Africa were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, EMASE, CINHAL, Cochrane Library, Hinari databases and Mednar using combinations of search terms with Boolean operators. The JBI 2020 Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. To assess publication bias, a funnel plot and Egger's test were used to and I-squared was used to check the heterogeneity of the included studies. Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and exported to Stata 16 software for analysis. RESULTS A total of 86 articles with 224,317 study participants from 19 African countries were included. The overall pooled prevalence of first-trimester ANC contact was 37.15% (95% CI: 33.3-41.0; I2 = 99.8%). The following factors were found to be significantly associated with first-trimester ANC contact: urban residence (OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.5-3.1; I2 = 98.5%); women under the age of 25 (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.2-1.9; I2 = 94.1%);, educational status (OR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4-2.2; I2 = 96.1%), primiparity (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4: I2 = 97.4%), having planned pregnancies (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.5-2.7; I2 = 95.5%) and employed women (OR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.7-2.1; I2 = 94.4%). CONCLUSION Because so few women in Africa initiate first-trimester ANC contact, it is clear that increasing maternal healthcare service uptake is still a challenge and will require significant effort to scale up the services. When working to improve maternal health in Africa, each nation's government and nongovernmental organizations should prioritize raising women's educational levels and providing pertinent information to rural women, focusing on reducing unintended pregnancies, women who live far from health facilities, women with low socioeconomic statuses, multiparous women and older women. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic reviews (ID: CRD42023401711).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritbano Abdo
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
| | - Minychil Demelash
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
| | - Abdulrezak Mohammed Seid
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - Abdulhakim Mussema
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
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Belay DG, Alemu MB, Aragaw FM, Asratie MH. Time to initiation of antenatal care visit and its predictors among reproductive age women in Ethiopia: Gompertz inverse Gaussian shared frailty model. Front Glob Womens Health 2023; 4:917895. [PMID: 37854167 PMCID: PMC10579888 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2023.917895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early initiation of antenatal care (ANC) is essential for the early detection of pregnancy-related problems and unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. However, a significant number of mothers do not initiate ANC at the recommended time. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the median time of ANC initiation and its predictors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods We used the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016 data set. The proportional hazard assumption was assessed using Schoenfeld residual test and log-log plot. A life table was used to determine the median survival time (time of ANC initiation). The Gompertz inverse Gaussian shared frailty model was the best-fitting model for identifying the predictors for the early initiation of ANC booking. Finally, the adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to determine the significance of predictors. Results A total of 7,501 reproductive-aged women gave recent birth in the last 5 years preceding the survey. Nearly three in five women [61.95% (95% CI: 60.85-63.04%)] booked their first ANC visit with a median time of 4.4 months. Women who attended primary education (AHR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.20), secondary and above (AHR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.11-1.44), media exposure (AHR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00-1.16), rich wealthy (AHR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06-1.30), grand multiparous (AHR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72-0.93), unwanted pregnancy (AHR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.96), small periphery region (AHR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.51-0.67), and rural residence (AHR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.99) were significantly associated with first ANC visit. Conclusion According to this study, a significant number of women missed their first ANC visit. The education status of women, place of residence, region, wealth index, media exposure, unintended pregnancy, and multi-parity were significantly associated with the time of initiation of the first ANC visit. Therefore, policymakers should focus on improving the socioeconomic status (education, media coverage, and wealth) of reproductive-aged women by prioritizing women who live in small periphery regions and rural residences to improve the early initiation of ANC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gashaneh Belay
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Birhanu Alemu
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Health Systems and Policy, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fantu Mamo Aragaw
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Melaku Hunie Asratie
- Department of Women’s and Family Health, School of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Veiga ACD, Medeiros LDSD, Backes DS, Sousa FGMD, Hämel K, Kruel CS, Haeffner LSB. Interprofessional qualification of prenatal care in the context of primary health care. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2023; 28:993-1002. [PMID: 37042908 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023284.14402022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to describe and analyze an interprofessional educational intervention for the qualification of prenatal care in the context of primary health care. METHOD action-research comprising a prenatal care qualification course with 65 primary health care professionals. Collaborative learning activities were conducted in synchronous and asynchronous meetings. RESULTS the reflexive thematic analysis of participants' experiences, views and perceptions on the meanings of the intervention revealed three categories: quality of prenatal care: conceptions and meanings; collaborative learning: strategy to overcome linear and isolated care; the need to evolve from acting locally to thinking globally. CONCLUSION the analysis of the interprofessional educational intervention for the qualification of prenatal care in the context of primary health care showed that constructivist, participatory and interprofessional approaches are relevant and pertinent to broaden theoretical perceptions and give new meanings to the work process at different settings of the health network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Caetano da Veiga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Materno-Infantil, Universidade Franciscana. R. Duque de Caxias 938. 97010-200 Santa Maria RS Brasil.
| | | | - Dirce Stein Backes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Materno-Infantil, Universidade Franciscana. R. Duque de Caxias 938. 97010-200 Santa Maria RS Brasil.
| | | | - Kerstin Hämel
- School of Public Health, Bielefeld University. Bielefeld Alemanha
| | - Cristina Saling Kruel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Materno-Infantil, Universidade Franciscana. R. Duque de Caxias 938. 97010-200 Santa Maria RS Brasil.
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Prasetyo YB, Rahayu HT, Kurnia AD, Masruroh NL, Melizza N, Latif RAB. Breastfeeding Trends and it's Related Factors in Indonesia: A National Survey. JURNAL GIZI DAN PANGAN 2023. [DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2023.18.1.31-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine breastfeeding trends and factors in Indonesia using Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data from 2007 to 2017. The research data were obtained from three Indonesia Demographic Health Surveys. The data covered households and women aged 15‒49 years old, including 40,701 households and 32,895 women in 2007; 43,852 households and 45,607 women in 2012; and 47,963 households and 49,627 women in 2017. Descriptive statistics was deployed to analyze the sociodemographic factors of the respondents. A questionnaire was employed to obtain data on the mothers' age, residence, education, economic status, mother working, marital status, literacy, place of delivery, first Antenatal Care (ANC) place, child size at birth, and gender of the child. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyze factors related to breastfeeding and how big the impact is. The findings indicate that the trend of breastfeeding in Indonesia significantly decreased based on the characteristics of mothers and children. The rates of breastfeeding (exclusive breastfeeding infants aged 0‒5 months who received only breast milk) among mothers living in urban areas decreased significantly from 41.6% in 2012 to 38.4% in 2017. In 2017, children with normal birth weight (OR=0.87, 95% CI:0.53‒1.45), boys (OR=1.01, 95% CI:0.92‒1.10), and non-illiterate mothers (OR=0.50, 95% CI:0.46‒0.55) had higher odds of breastfeeding compared to children with small birth weight, girls, and illiterate mothers. Factors associated with breastfeeding also change every year. In 2012, breastfeeding was related to marital status and delivery, but in 2017 it was not associated with those factors. Factors related to breastfeeding in Indonesia are age, residence, education, weight index, size of child at birth, mother’s occupation, marital status, literacy, place of delivery, and first ANC place. These results are important for developing policies to improve maternal and child health in Indonesia by increasing education and mother training for early initiation of breastfeeding.
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Towards data-driven models for diverging emerging technologies for maternal, neonatal and child health services in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. GLOBAL HEALTH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.glohj.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Geda NR, Feng CX, Henry CJ, Lepnurm R, Janzen B, Whiting SJ. Inequalities in adherence to the continuum of maternal and child health service utilization in Ethiopia: multilevel analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2021; 40:45. [PMID: 34717779 PMCID: PMC8557495 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-021-00271-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite progress made to improve access to child health services, mothers' consistent utilization of these services has been constrained by several factors. This study is aimed at assessing the inequalities in key child health service utilization and assess the role of antenatal care (ANC) on subsequent service use. METHOD The analysis of the present study was based on the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys, a nationally representative sample of 10,641 children. A health service utilization score was constructed from the affirmative responses of six key child health interventions associated with the most recent birth: ANC service, delivery of the last child at health facilities, postnatal care services, vitamin A intake, iron supplementation and intake of deworming pills by the index child. A mixed effect Poisson regression model was used to examine the predictors of health service utilization and three separate mixed effect logistic regression models for assessing the role of ANC for continued use of delivery and postnatal care services. RESULTS The results of mixed effect Poisson regression indicate that the expected mean score of health service utilization was lower among non-first birth order children, older and high parity women, those living in polygamous families and women living in households with no access to radio. The score was higher for respondents with better education, women who had previous experience of terminated pregnancy, residing in more affluent households, and women with experiences of mild to high intimate partner violence. Further analysis of the three key health services (ANC, delivery, and postnatal care), using three models of mixed effect logistic regression, indicates consistent positive impacts of ANC on the continuum of utilizing delivery and postnatal care services. ANC had the strongest effects on both institutional delivery and postnatal care service utilization. CONCLUSION The findings implicated that maternal and child health services appear as continuum actions/behavior where utilization of one affects the likelihood of the next service types. The study indicated that promoting proper ANC services is very beneficial in increasing the likelihood of mothers utilizing subsequent services such as delivery and postnatal care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigatu Regassa Geda
- Center for Population Studies, College of Development Studies, Addis Ababa University, Sidist Kilo Campus, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Cindy Xin Feng
- School of Public Health, Health Science E-Wing, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4 Canada
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Carol J. Henry
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Health Sciences A-Wing, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5 Canada
| | - Rein Lepnurm
- School of Public Health, Health Science E-Wing, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4 Canada
| | - Bonnie Janzen
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Collège of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Susan J. Whiting
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, Health Sciences A-Wing, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5 Canada
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Fisberg M, Duarte Batista L, Nogueira-de-Almeida CA, Sarti FM, de Albuquerque MP, Fisberg RM. Integrative Strategies for Preventing Nutritional Problems in the Development of Children in Brazil. Front Nutr 2021; 8:662817. [PMID: 34476237 PMCID: PMC8407062 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.662817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Child healthcare has been a priority subject in several programs and public policies developed over the decades. However, initiatives implemented seem insufficient to overcome the challenges regarding the integral development and improvement of the nutritional status of children in Brazil. The initial developmental stages of a child include pregnancy, breastfeeding, and complementary feeding, which are determinants in future aspects of health and nutritional status. Therefore, the strategies addressing problems during these three periods of life have the potential to positively impact the promotion of healthy eating habits and food security throughout life. Developing countries with huge dimensions and vast inequalities, like Brazil, are marked by differences in regional, cultural, and social contexts that may hinder the implementation of programs and policies with a broad scope. Extensive operational and professional costs, in addition to time-consuming activities that are necessary to apply, monitor, and evaluate interventions may jeopardize the proper assessment of programs and policy goals, generating the inefficiency and waste of resources in the health system. Thus, programs and policies aimed at creating and modifying habits should consider an intersectoral action within local contexts, involving health professionals, universities, policy managers, and the community. Therefore, this article aimed to discuss the preliminary conception of an integrated approach of decentralized strategies to promote healthy eating habits and food security of children in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Fisberg
- Feeding Difficulties Center, Institute PENSI (Pesquisa e Ensino em Saúde Infantil), Fundação Jose Luiz Setubal, Hospital Infantil Sabará (Sabara Children's Hospital), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lais Duarte Batista
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia Mori Sarti
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula de Albuquerque
- Section Physiology of Nutrition, Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina Mara Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Delele TG, Biks GA, Abebe SM, Kebede ZT. Prevalence of common symptoms of neonatal illness in Northwest Ethiopia: A repeated measure cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248678. [PMID: 33784322 PMCID: PMC8009397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neonatal period is the most vulnerable stage of life. In Ethiopia, neonatal illness is common and the reduction in neonatal mortality is not as significant as for under-five mortality. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence and factors associated with neonatal illness symptoms reported by mothers delivering in health facilities in Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS A repeated measure cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 358 randomly selected deliveries in 11 health facilities from November 2018 to March 2019. A pretested and interviewer-administered structured questionnaire adapted from the literature was employed to record neonatal outcomes (illnesses and/or deaths) at birth, 24 hours, 7th, 14th and 28th day from birth. Cleaned data was exported to STATA version 14 software for analysis. Multilevel analysis was used to identify individual and facility-level characteristics associated with neonatal illness symptoms. RESULTS The prevalence of neonatal illness symptoms was 27.8% (95% CI; 23.2, 32.8) of the 338 babies born alive and the neonatal mortality rate was 41/1000 live births (14/338). The most common symptoms or conditions of neonatal illness reported by mothers' in the study area were possible serious bacterial infections (95.8%, 90/94), localized bacterial infections (43.6%, 41/94), low birth weight (23.4%, 22/94), diarrhea (18.1%, 17/94), prematurity (14.9%, 14/94), and jaundice (7.5%, 7/94). Among the babies who died, neonates who had possible serious bacterial infections, low birth weight, localized bacterial infections, and prematurity took the highest proportions with 100% (14/14), 64.3% (9/14), 50% (7/14), and 42.9% (6/14), respectively. Having a maximum of 3 children (AOR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.1-3.6), having twins or triplets during pregnancy (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.1-6.1), and lack of antenatal counseling (AOR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.1-3.3) were among the maternal factors associated with neonatal illness. Having low birth length (AOR = 7.93; 95% CI = 3.6-17.3), and having a poor breastfeeding quality (AOR = 2.37; 95% CI = 1.4-4.0) were found to be the neonatal factors associated with neonatal illness. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated a high prevalence of neonatal illness symptoms in Northwest Ethiopia. Therefore, early detection, referral and better management of symptoms or conditions with a high mortality, like sepsis and low birth weight are compulsory to save the lives of many neonates. Strengthening the health extension programme to improve antenatal care service utilization and breastfeeding quality of neonates among postpartum women is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadesse Guadu Delele
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Andargie Biks
- Departments of Health System and Policy, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Mekonnen Abebe
- Departments of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Zemene Tigabu Kebede
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Ameyaw EK, Dickson KS, Adde KS. Are Ghanaian women meeting the WHO recommended maternal healthcare (MCH) utilisation? Evidence from a national survey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:161. [PMID: 33622274 PMCID: PMC7903775 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To achieve the Sustainable Development Goal target 3.1, the World Health Organisation recommends that all pregnant women receive antenatal care (ANC) from skilled providers, utilise the services of a skilled birth attendant at birth and receive their first postnatal care (PNC) within the first 24 h after birth. In this paper, we examined the maternal characteristics that determine utilisation of skilled ANC, skilled birth attendance (SBA), and PNC within the first 24 h after delivery in Ghana. Methods We used data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. Women aged 15-49 with birth history not exceeding five before the survey were included in the study. A total of 2839 women were included. Binary logistic regression was employed at a 95% level of significance to determine the association between maternal factors and maternal healthcare (MCH) utilisation. Bivariate and multivariate regression was subsequently used to assess the drivers. Results High proportion of women had ANC (93.2%) with skilled providers compared to the proportion that had SBA (76.9%) and PNC within the first 24 h after delivery (25.8%). Only 21.2% utilised all three components of MCH. Women who were covered by national health insurance scheme (NHIS) had a higher likelihood (AOR = 1.31, CI = 1.04 – 1.64) of utilising all three components of MCH as compared to those who were not covered by NHIS. Women with poorer wealth status (AOR = 0.72, CI = 0.53 – 0.97) and those living with partners (AOR = 0.65, CI = 0.49 – 0.86) were less likely to utilise all three MCH components compared to women with poorest wealth status and the married respectively. Conclusion The realisation that poorer women, those unsubscribed to NHIS and women living with partners have a lower likelihood of utilising the WHO recommended MCH strongly suggest that it is crucial for the Ministry of Health and the Ghana Health Service to take pragmatic steps to increase education about the importance of having ANC with a skilled provider, SBA, and benefits of having the first 24 h recommended PNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Kwabena Ameyaw
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kwamena Sekyi Dickson
- Department of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Kenneth Setorwu Adde
- Department of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Roldán E, Grajeda LM, Pérez W. Maternal height associated with cesarean section. A cross-sectional study using the 2014-2015 national maternal-child health survey in Guatemala. Int J Equity Health 2020; 19:95. [PMID: 32731894 PMCID: PMC7393904 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-020-01182-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic status is associated with cesarean section (CS). Maternal height, however, may be another related factor to CS. In Guatemala, a quarter of women between 15 and 49 years of age are shorter than 145 cm. Therefore, this study aims to examine the association of maternal height with cesarean section in Guatemala. METHODS We carried out a secondary analysis study using data from the 2014-15 Guatemalan national maternal and child health survey-9542 mothers aged 15-49 and 12,426 live births were analyzed. We obtained the prevalence ratio of the association between maternal height and CS based on three Poisson regression models. One model included all live births, another the first live birth, and a third model the last live birth. For each model, we accounted for covariates and sampling design. RESULTS The national prevalence of CS was 26.3% (95%CI: 25.0, 27.7). The adjusted prevalence ratio of CS, including all live births, was 1.63 (95%CI: 1.37, 1.94) more likely in mothers shorter than 145 cm compared with those equal or greater than 170 cm. This figure was 1.45 (95%CI: 1.19, 1.76) in the model with the first live birth. In the model with the last birth, maternal height was not associated with CS after accounting for previous CS as one of the covariates. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of CS in this setting was high and above international recommendations. Further, very short mothers were more likely to experience CS compared to taller mothers after accounting for covariates, except when a previous CS was present. Maternal height should be included in clinical assessments during prenatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Roldán
- Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 18 Avenida 11-95 Zona 15 Vista Hermosa III, 01015 Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Laura M Grajeda
- Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 18 Avenida 11-95 Zona 15 Vista Hermosa III, 01015 Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Wilton Pérez
- Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, 18 Avenida 11-95 Zona 15 Vista Hermosa III, 01015 Guatemala, Guatemala
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Abstract
Background. Ethiopia has experienced a significant reduction of under-five mortality over the past few decades. But still, the country is far from the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of 2030. This study aims to identify the potential associated factors of under-five mortality in the Afar region, Ethiopia. Methods. Data from a national representative cross-sectional survey of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey of the year 2016 were used. Data were collected from the population of all under-five children in randomly selected enumeration areas of the Afar region of Ethiopia. Chi-squared and binary logistic regression analyses were employed. Results. The result revealed that twin child [(AOR = 5.37; 95%CI: 2.12–13.62)], age of mothers at first birth [(AOR = 0.47; 95%CI: 0.35–0.62) of greater than 16], current breastfeeders (AOR = 0.41; 95%CI: 0.32–0.54), rural residents (AOR: 2.54; 95%CI: 2.49–2.58), used current contraceptive methods (AOR = 0.38; 95%CI: 0.15–0.94), vaccinated the child (AOR = 0.40; 95%CI: 0.27–0.59), family size [(AOR = 0.65; 95%CI: 0.41–0.92) for 4–6 household members and (AOR = 0.49; 95%CI: 0.29–0.80) for seven and more household members], rich households (AOR = 0.03; 95%CI: 0.01–0.16), mother’s age group [(AOR = 3.24; 95%CI: 1.90–5.54) (age 20–29), (AOR = 12.43; 95%CI: 6.86–22.51) (age 30–39), and (AOR = 46.31; 95%CI: 21.74–98.67) (age 40 and above), and antenatal visits ((AOR = 0.48; 95%CI: 0.31–0.74) (1–3 visits) and (AOR = 0.44; 95%CI: 0.24–0.81) (4 and more visits)) significantly determined the under-five mortality. Conclusions. The study showed that giving birth at an early age, low coverage and quality of health access, unimproved breastfeeding culture, nonaccessibility to contraceptive methods, absence of awareness of mothers on vaccination of a child, low economic status of households, and low status of mothers’ antenatal visits lead to the highest under-five mortality in the area. Therefore, community-based educational programs and public health interventions focused on improving the survival of children by providing awareness to the community and specifically to mothers should be improved.
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Muluneh AG, Kassa GM, Alemayehu GA, Merid MW. High dropout rate from maternity continuum of care after antenatal care booking and its associated factors among reproductive age women in Ethiopia, Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey 2016. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234741. [PMID: 32530948 PMCID: PMC7292400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal continuums of care were vital to reducing maternal and neonatal mortalities. While the dropout rate remains high and limited studies were found on risk factors associated with a high dropout rate of the maternal continuum of care. Objective This study aimed to assess the magnitude of dropout rate and its associated factors of maternity continuum of care in Ethiopia, 2016 Methods An in-depth secondary data analysis was conducted from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2016 data. A total of 4,693 women who were booked for antenatal care visit were included to the final analysis. A community-based cross-sectional study design and a pre-tested and standardized questionnaire were used to collect the survey data. Data were weighted using women data weighting variables. Chi-square and multicollinearity assumptions were checked for independent variables. Bi-variable and multivariable logistics regression used to identify associated factors with a cut of the p-value of 0.2 and 0.05 respectively. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95%CI was reported for the final model. Results Of the total 4,693 women who were booked for antenatal care visits, 2,092(44.58%), 2,183 (46.52%), and 4,086(87.07%) dropped from a recommended number of ANC, Institutional delivery and postnatal care visit respectively. Only 308 (6.56%, 95%CI: 5.89, 7.31) women used all the complete continuum of care. Not married, and poorest wealth index were significantly associated with dropout from ANC visit. Being a protestant religious follower was significantly associated with dropout from PNC after antenatal care booking. While not exposed to media, distance from health facility as a big problem, protestant affiliation, parity of 2 to 4 and above4, Wealth index of the poorest, poorer, middle, and richer significantly associated with dropout from institutional delivery. Not being informed about pregnancy complications during their ANC visit was significantly associated with dropout from ANC, PNC, and institutional delivery. Conclusions Dropout of women from the maternity continuum of care after antenatal care booking was a public health problem in Ethiopia. Socio-demographic, pregnancy, and health service-related factors were significant determinants of dropout from the maternity continuum of care. Improving the family wealth index, increasing access to health facilities, media exposure, and giving more information during the antenatal care visit is important to reduce the dropout rate from the maternity continuum of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atalay Goshu Muluneh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Getahun Molla Kassa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Geta Asrade Alemayehu
- Department of Health System and Policy, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Mehari Woldemariam Merid
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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