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Schallenberg S, Plage H, Hofbauer S, Furlano K, Weinberger S, Bruch PG, Roßner F, Elezkurtaj S, Kluth M, Lennartz M, Blessin NC, Marx AH, Samtleben H, Fisch M, Rink M, Slojewski M, Kaczmarek K, Ecke T, Hallmann S, Koch S, Adamini N, Minner S, Simon R, Sauter G, Horst D, Klatte T, Schlomm T, Zecha H. Altered p53/p16 expression is linked to urothelial carcinoma progression but largely unrelated to prognosis in muscle-invasive tumors. Acta Oncol 2023; 62:1880-1889. [PMID: 37938166 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2023.2277344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most inactivating p53 mutations result in a nuclear p53 accumulation - detectable by immunohistochemistry (IHC). p53 alterations leading to a complete lack of p53 protein and absence of immunostaining do also occur - not easily detectable by IHC. p16 is upregulated in p53 inactivated cells. We hypothesized that a positive p16 IHC may help to distinguish p53 inactivation in IHC negative cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated p53 and p16 immunostaining on 2710 urothelial bladder carcinomas in a tissue microarray format to understand their impact in relation to clinicopathological parameters of disease progression and patient outcome. RESULTS p16 immunostaining was absent in normal urothelium but occurred in 63.5% (30.4% strong) of cancers. p16 strongly positive cases increased from pTaG2 low-grade (9.6%) to pTaG3 high-grade tumors (46.5%, p < .0001) but decreased from pTaG3 to pT4 (33.3%; p = .0030). Among pT2-4 carcinomas, p16 positivity was linked to high-grade (p = .0005) but unrelated to overall survival. p53 staining was negative in 8.4%, very weak in 15.4%, weak in 55.3%, strong in 4.7%, and very strong in 16.2% cancers. p53 negative (potentially p53 null phenotype), strong, and very strong p53 positivity increased from pTaG2 low-grade to pTaG3 high-grade tumors (p < .0001) and from pTaG3 to pT2-4 cancers (p = .0007). p53 staining was largely unrelated to histopathological parameters or patient prognosis among pT2-4 carcinomas, except of p53 strong/very strong immunostaining. p16 expression predominated in tumors with very strong, strong, and negative p53 staining and the combination of p53 negative/p16 strongly positive cancers was linked to features of tumor aggressiveness. CONCLUSION Aberrant p53 and p16 immunostaining increases during grade and stage progression although p53 negative and p16 positive immunostaining lack prognostic significance in pT2-4 carcinomas. Potential diagnostic features are that high level p16 expression is limited to neoplastic urothelium and p53 null phenotype to aggressive cancers (grade 3 and invasive).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henning Plage
- Department of Urology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Kira Furlano
- Department of Urology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C Blessin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas H Marx
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Henrik Samtleben
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Margit Fisch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, Marienhospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcin Slojewski
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krystian Kaczmarek
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Thorsten Ecke
- Department of Urology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Steffen Hallmann
- Department of Urology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Stefan Koch
- Department of Pathology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | - Nico Adamini
- Department of Urology, Albertinen Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Horst
- Institute of Pathology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Klatte
- Department of Urology, Helios Hospital Bad Saarow, Bad Saarow, Germany
| | | | - Henrik Zecha
- Department of Urology, Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Urology, Albertinen Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
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San-Millan I, Martinez JL, Pickard SL, Yu H, Hirsch FR, Rivard CJ, Brooks GA. Role of Lactate in the Regulation of Transcriptional Activity of Breast Cancer-Related Genes and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Proteins: A Compassion of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 Cancer Cell Lines. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.23.533060. [PMID: 36993762 PMCID: PMC10055400 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.23.533060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg Effect is characterized by accelerated glycolytic metabolism and lactate production and under fully aerobic conditions is a hallmark of cancer cells. Recently, we have demonstrated the role of endogenous, glucose-derived lactate as an oncometabolite which regulates gene expression in the estrogen receptor positive (ER+) MCF7 cell line cultivated in glucose media. Presently, with the addition of a triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, MDA-MB-231, we further confirm the effect of lactate on gene expression patterns and extend results to include lactate effects on protein expression. As well, we report effects of lactate on the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin, proteins associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Endogenous lactate regulates the expression of multiple genes involved in carcinogenesis. In MCF7 cells, lactate increased the expression of EGFR, VEGF, HIF-1a, KRAS, MIF, mTOR, PIK3CA, TP53, and CDK4 as well as decreased the expression of ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, E2F1, MET, MYC, and RAF mainly after 48h of exposure. On the other hand, in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, lactate increased the expressions of PIK3CA, VEGF, EGFR, mTOR, HIF-1α, ATM, E2F1, TP53 and decreased the expressions of BRCA1, BRCA2, CDK4, CDK6, MET, MIF, MYC, and RAF after 48h of exposure. In response to endogenous lactate, changes in protein expression of representative genes corroborated changes in mRNA expressions. Finally, lactate exposure decreased E-cadherin protein expression in MCF7 cells and increased vimentin expression in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, by genetically silencing LDHA in MCF7 cells, we show suppression of protein expression of EGFR and HIF-1α, while full protein expression occurred under glucose and glucose + exogenous lactate exposure. Hence, endogenous, glucose-derived lactate, and not glucose, elicited changes in gene and protein expression levels. In this study, we demonstrate that endogenous lactate produced under aerobic conditions (Warburg Effect) elicits important changes in gene and protein expression in both ER+ and TNBC cell lines. The widespread regulation of multiple genes by lactate and involves those involved in carcinogenesis including DNA repair, cell growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Furthermore, lactate affected the expression of two relevant EMT biomarkers, E-cadherin and vimentin, which could contribute to the complex process of EMT and a shift towards a more mesenchymal phenotype in the two cancer cell lines studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inigo San-Millan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Janel L. Martinez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Shivaun Lueke Pickard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Fred R. Hirsch
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Center for Thoracic Oncology, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J. Rivard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - George A. Brooks
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Maev IV, Livzan MA, Mozgovoi SI, Gaus OV, Bordin DS. Esophageal Mucosal Resistance in Reflux Esophagitis: What We Have Learned So Far and What Remains to Be Learned. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2664. [PMID: 37627923 PMCID: PMC10453919 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13162664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has the highest prevalence among diseases of the digestive system and is characterized by a significant decrease in patients' quality of life, comparable to arterial hypertension and coronary heart disease. One in every ten cases of reflux esophagitis leads to the formation of Barrett's esophagus, which is associated with a high risk of esophagus adenocarcinoma. The key factors determining the progression of the disease are the frequency and duration of the reflux of the stomach's contents. As a result, refluxate, which includes hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and, in the case of concomitant duodeno-gastric reflux, bile acids and lysolecithin, is thrown into the overlying sections of the digestive tract. At the same time, in addition to aggression factors, it is necessary to take into account the state of resistance in the esophageal mucosa to the effects of aggressive refluxate molecules. This review was prepared using systematized data on the protective properties of the esophageal mucosa and modern methods to assess the mucosal barrier in reflux esophagitis. Lesions of the epithelial barrier structure in the esophagus are recognized as the main pathogenetic factor in the development of reflux esophagitis and are a potentially significant therapeutic target in the treatment of GERD and Barrett's esophagus. This article presents the characteristics of the esophageal mucosal barrier and the protective mechanisms of the esophagus's mucous membrane in conditions of gastroesophageal reflux. Diagnostic approaches for assessing the course of reflux esophagitis are described for both histological criteria and the possibility of a comprehensive assessment of the state of mucins, tight-junction proteins, and the proliferative activity of the mucosa, including under the conditions of ongoing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor V. Maev
- Department of Propaedeutic of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Livzan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Omsk State Medical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia
| | - Sergei I. Mozgovoi
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Omsk State Medical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia
| | - Olga V. Gaus
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Omsk State Medical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia
| | - Dmitry S. Bordin
- Department of Propaedeutic of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Pancreatic, Biliary and Upper Digestive Tract Disorders, A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, 111123 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Outpatient Therapy and Family Medicine, Tver State Medical University, 170100 Tver, Russia
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Boldrin E, Piano MA, Bernaudo F, Alfieri R, Biasin MR, Montagner IM, Volpato A, Mattara G, Lamacchia F, Magni G, Rosato A, Scapinello A, Pilati P, Curtarello M. p53/ TP53 Status Assessment in Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2783. [PMID: 37345120 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is very frequent in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) and it is characterized by TP53 deletions/mutations resulting in p53 nuclear accumulation, as revealed by immunohistochemistry (IHC), which considers the cases with "high" staining levels to be positive. Aiming to improve aberrant TP53 detection, droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was used to evaluate TP53 deletion in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded DNA (FFPE-DNA) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA). To further investigate the mutational TP53 profile, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed in a subset of FFPE samples. After combining "low" and "high" IHC staining level groups, the proportion of deletion events was significantly higher compared to the "intermediate" group (72.9% vs. 47.5%, p-value = 0.002). The ddPCR TP53 deletion assay was feasible for cfDNA but only had good agreement (72.7%, Cohen's kappa = 0.48) with the assay performed with FFPE-DNA of the "low-level" group. NGS analysis confirmed that, in the "low-level" group, a high percentage (66.7%) of cases were aberrant, with disruptive mutations that probably led to p53 loss. Data suggested that p53 IHC alone underestimates the CIN phenotype in GEA and that molecular analysis in both solid and liquid biopsies could be integrated with it; in particular, in cases of completely negative staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Boldrin
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Assunta Piano
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Bernaudo
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Rita Alfieri
- Surgical Oncology of Digestive Tract Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Biasin
- Anatomy and Pathological Histology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Isabella Monia Montagner
- Anatomy and Pathological Histology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Alice Volpato
- Anatomy and Pathological Histology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Genny Mattara
- Surgical Oncology of Digestive Tract Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Lamacchia
- Surgical Oncology of Digestive Tract Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Magni
- Clinical Research Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Scapinello
- Anatomy and Pathological Histology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Pilati
- Surgical Oncology of Digestive Tract Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Curtarello
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
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The High Expression of p53 Is Predictive of Poor Survival Rather TP53 Mutation in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:3801526. [PMID: 36660245 PMCID: PMC9845043 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3801526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
TP53 is a well-known tumor suppressor gene and one of the most common genetic alterations in human cancers. However, the role of p53 as a prognostic marker of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is controversial in the association between TP53 alterations and clinical outcomes. To address this issue, we evaluated TP53 mutations, p53 protein expression, clinicopathological parameters, and survivals rates in a large scale of patients with ESCC. Two cohorts were included in this study: TP53 mutations were detected by next-generation sequencing in 316 ESCC patients, and p53 protein expression was tested by immunohistochemistry in 6,028 ESCC patients. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier curve and the Cox proportional hazards model. TP53 mutations were found in ESCC patients from 241 of 316 (76.3%), and the rate of positive expression of p53 protein was 59.1% in 6,028 ESCC patients (including 1819 with high expression of p53 protein), respectively. Most mutations were missense, which has a high expression of p53 protein. Compared with wild-typeTP53, TP53 gene mutations were not significantly associated with survival time (p=0.083). In multivariate analysis, the p53 protein expression was an independent prognostic factor for ESCC. The high-expression group of p53 protein has poor survival (p < 0.001) compared to low-expression group in patients with ESCC. The high expression of the p53 protein, not the TP53 mutation, is predictive of poor survival in patients with ESCC, and p53 protein expression might have the potential to be a prognosis biomarker and therapy target in ESCC.
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Guan L, Yang Y, Lu Y, Chen Y, Luo X, Xin D, Meng X, Shan Z, Jiang G, Wang F. Reactivation of mutant p53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by isothiocyanate inhibits tumor growth. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1141420. [PMID: 37168998 PMCID: PMC10164965 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1141420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 mutations are prevalent in human cancers; approximately half of patients with esophageal cancer present these mutations. Mutant p53 (mutp53) exerts oncogenic functions that promote malignant tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance, resulting in poor prognosis. Some small molecules have been shown to mitigate the oncogenic function of mutp53 by restoring its wild-type activity. Although these molecules have been evaluated in clinical trials, none have been successfully used in the clinic. Here, we investigated the antitumor effects of phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) in p53-mutant esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and elucidated its mechanism to identify new therapeutic strategies. We observed that p53R248Q is a DNA contact mutation and a structural mutation and that PEITC can restore the activity of p53R248Q in vitro and in vivo, further clarifying the antitumor activity of PEITC in cancers with different types of p53 mutations. PEITC can inhibit ESCC growth, induce apoptosis, and arrest cell cycle progression and has a preferential selectivity for ESCC with p53 mutations. Mechanistic studies showed that PEITC induced apoptosis and arrested cells at G2/M transition in cells expressing the p53R248Q mutant by restoring the wild-type conformation and transactivation function of p53; these effects were concentration dependent. Furthermore, PEITC inhibited the growth of subcutaneous xenografts in vivo and restored p53 mutant activity in xenografts. According to these findings, PEITC has antitumor effects, with its ability to restore p53R248Q activity being a key molecular event responsible for these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Guan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yalan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dao Xin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangrui Meng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengzheng Shan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guozhong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Wang,
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p53 Immunohistochemistry and Mutation Types Mismatching in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030579. [PMID: 35328131 PMCID: PMC8947437 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSCa) of the ovary is featured by TP53 gene mutation. Missense or nonsense mutation types accompany most cases of HGSCa that correlate well with immunohistochemical (IHC) staining results—an all (missense) or none (nonsense) pattern. However, some IHCs produce subclonal or mosaic patterns from which TP53 mutation types, including the wild type of the gene, cannot be clearly deduced. We analyzed a total of 236 cases of ovarian HGSCa and tumors of other histology by matching the results of p53 IHC staining and targeted next-generation sequencing (TruSight Tumor 170 panel). Ambiguous IHCs that do not belong to the conventional “all or none” groups were reviewed to distinguish the true wild type (WT) from potentially pathogenic subclonal or mosaic patterns. There were about 9% of sequencing-IHC mismatching cases, which were enriched by the p53 c-terminal encoding nuclear localization signal and oligomerization domain, in which the subcellular locations of p53 protein were affected. Indeed, mutations in the oligomerization domain of the p53 protein frequently revealed an unmatched signal or cytosolic staining (L289Ffs*57 (Ins), and R342*). We conclude that both mutation types and IHC patterns of p53 are important sources of information to provide a precise diagnosis of HGSCa.
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Li K, Zhang B. The association of dietary β-carotene and vitamin A intake on the risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2021; 112:620-626. [PMID: 32543872 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.6699/2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE dietary β-carotene and vitamin A intake have shown some potential effect in the development of esophageal cancer. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association of β-carotene and vitamin A intake on the risk of esophageal cancer. METHODS the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Wanfang Med online databases were systematically searched to collect the relevant articles regarding the impact of β-carotene and vitamin A intake on esophageal cancer risk. Pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were combined using the Review Manager Version 5.3 software. RESULTS this meta-analysis included 14 articles. The highest category of β-carotene intake may significantly reduce the risk of esophageal cancer compared with the lowest category (OR = 0.62, 95 % CI = 0.50-0.77). Similar significant results were found in American and European populations but not in other populations with β-carotene intake. An inverse association was found between vitamin A intake and esophageal cancer risk (OR = 0.79, 95 % CI = 0.63-0.99). No potential publication bias was detected. CONCLUSIONS our study suggested that dietary β-carotene and vitamin A intake may reduce the risk of esophageal cancer. More relevant studies are needed to further explore this association, as there were some limitations in our analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Gastroenterology, Hexian Memorial Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Oncology, Hexian Memorial Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
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Li DK, Haffar S, Horibe M, Homsi HA, Zukerberg L, Murad MH, Visrodia KH, Gala M, Katzka DA, Bazerbachi F. Verrucous esophageal carcinoma is a unique indolent subtype of squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and individual patient regression analysis. J Gastroenterol 2021; 56:12-24. [PMID: 33079233 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-020-01736-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Verrucous esophageal carcinoma (VEC) is a rare malignancy that presents a diagnostic challenge. We aim to characterize the clinical and genomic features, tumor behavior, and treatment outcomes of VEC to guide clinical practice. METHODS We performed a systematic review of the literature and identified additional cases from Massachusetts General Hospital records and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We obtained individual VEC patient data and analyzed publicly available clinicogenomic data from TCGA. We performed a regression analysis comparing cases of VEC to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) to identify factors influencing survival. RESULTS A total of 135 patients were reported in 82 publications, and four unpublished cases from Massachusetts General Hospital (median age 65 years, 69% males, 48% smokers, 33% consumed alcohol). Symptoms were present at diagnosis in 95% of patients, most commonly dysphagia and weight loss. Median symptom onset to diagnosis time was 11.5 months with frequent misdiagnosis as Candida esophagitis. Among VEC cases with pathologic staging, lymph node metastases were rare (5%) compared to ESCC (40%). VEC was genomically characterized by enrichment of SMARCA4 missense mutations and a lack of pathogenic TP53 mutations. Despite its diagnostic elusiveness, in a multivariate regression analysis, VEC was detected at earlier stages (p = < 0.001) compared to ESCC, and advanced stage was the only significant factor affecting survival (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS VEC is a rare, clinically and genomically distinct subtype of ESCC. Recognition and diagnosis of this lesion may allow the pursuit of curative and less morbid treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrick K Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Samir Haffar
- Digestive Center for Diagnosis and Treatment, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Masayasu Horibe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Haya A Homsi
- School of Public Health, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Lawrence Zukerberg
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohammad H Murad
- Evidence-Based Practice Center, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kavel H Visrodia
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Manish Gala
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Assistant in Medicine, Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ 825D, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - David A Katzka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Fateh Bazerbachi
- Assistant in Medicine, Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ 825D, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Ran Z, Chen W, Shang J, Li X. The prognostic implication of pre-treatment hemoglobin levels in esophageal cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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Li J, Dong G, Song J, Tan G, Wu X. Telomerase inhibition decreases esophageal squamous carcinoma cell migration and invasion. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:2870-2880. [PMID: 32782603 PMCID: PMC7400735 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomerase has been shown to be associated with a variety of cancer types. To elucidate the role of telomerase in esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC), tissue samples from 100 patients with ESCC, and paired paracancerous tissues from 75 of these patients, were collected for use in the present study. Using immunohistochemical analysis, the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in the cytoplasm of ESCC cells was revealed to be significantly higher compared with that in paracancerous tissues, and no significant difference was observed between hTERT expression in the nucleus of ESCC and paracancerous tissue cells. Combined analysis revealed that the cytoplasmic hTERT-positive rate of patients with ESCC was significantly associated with pathological grade, N stage and Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage; these data support the association between hTERT expression and poor patient prognosis. In vitro experiments demonstrated that hTERT knockdown does not inhibit the proliferation of ESCC Kyse410 or Kyse520 cells, but inhibits their migration and invasion abilities. These findings indicate that hTERT expression is associated with ESCC metastasis. Interestingly, decreased colony-formation ability was observed in Kyse410 cells, but not in Kyse520 cells. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that hTERT may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Li
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Guogang Dong
- The General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command of The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jinyun Song
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Guolei Tan
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
| | - Xuping Wu
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China
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Niyaz M, Ainiwaer J, Abudureheman A, Zhang L, Sheyhidin I, Turhong A, Cai R, Hou Z, Awut E. Association between TP53 gene deletion and protein expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its prognostic significance. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1855-1865. [PMID: 32724429 PMCID: PMC7377104 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between tumor protein 53 (TP53) gene deletion and protein expression and clinical features in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to evaluate the predictive value of these two characteristics in the prognosis of ESCC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were performed to detect the expression of p53 protein and gene deletion in ESCC tissue samples from different ethnic groups in Xinjiang, in order to analyze their association with clinicopathological characteristics and patient prognosis, as well as the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods. In addition, the results were further validated by tissue microarray from a different region. The positive rate of p53 protein expression was 54.5% (201/369) in the multi-ethnic group, and was significantly different between sex (P=0.026) and between tumor differentiation groups (P=0.032). FISH demonstrated that the TP53 gene deletion rate was 31.8% (68/214), which was significantly different between different tumor differentiation (P=0.002), lymph node metastasis (P=0.005) and vascular invasion (P<0.001) groups. The survival rate of patients with TP53 gene deletion was significantly lower than those without TP53 gene deletion (P<0.05). The positive rate of p53 protein expression in the tissue microarray was 58.1% (68/117), which was significantly different between the depth of invasion groups (P=0.011). The TP53 gene deletion rate was 47.9% (56/117), which significantly differed according to lymph node metastasis (P=0.003) and TNM stage (P=0.01). In addition, the total concordance rates of the two methods were 60.3 and 64.1%, respectively. There were also significant differences in the positive rate of TP53 gene deletion and protein expression in different stages of ESCC (P<0.05), which increased gradually with the progression of ESCC. The deletion of the TP53 gene in esophageal cancer was associated with poor prognosis and may be an important biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of patients with ESCC. The combination of FISH and IHC methods could significantly improve the detection rate of TP53 gene abnormalities and the accuracy of prognostic assessment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madiniyet Niyaz
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Julaiti Ainiwaer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Abulajiang Abudureheman
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Ilyar Sheyhidin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Abduheny Turhong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Ren Cai
- Clinical Medicine Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Zhichao Hou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Edris Awut
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
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13
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Tumor SUVs on 18F-FDG PET/CT and Aggressive Pathological Features in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Nucl Med 2020; 45:e128-e133. [PMID: 31977480 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000002926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Considerable discrepancies are observed between clinical staging and pathological staging after surgical resection in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). In this study, we examined the relationships between tumor SUVs on FDG PET/CT and aggressive pathological features in resected ESCC patients. METHODS A total of 220 patients with surgically resected clinical stage I-II ESCC without neoadjuvant treatment were retrospectively analyzed. SUVmax of the primary tumor was measured on pretreatment FDG PET/CT. Pathological features included depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation, lymphatic vessel tumor embolus, perineural invasion, Ki-67 index, and p53 protein expression. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine an optimal cutoff of SUVmax to predict pathologically advanced disease. Differences in pathological features associated with SUVmax were examined by t test or χ test. RESULTS The number of patients upstaged from clinical stage I-II to pathological stage III-IV was 43 (19.5%). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the optimal cutoff SUVmax of 4.0 had good performance for predicting locally advanced disease (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.844, P < 0.001). Higher tumor SUVmax was significantly associated with advanced depth of tumor invasion (deeper than submucosa, P < 0.001), positive lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001), presence of lymphatic vessel tumor embolus (P < 0.001), presence of perineural invasion (P < 0.001), higher Ki-67 index (P = 0.025), and poor tumor differentiation (P = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS SUVmax measured on pretreatment FDG PET/CT is significantly associated with aggressive pathological features and may help clinicians identify patients at risk of advanced disease.
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The association between dietary protein intake and esophageal cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:221489. [PMID: 31833539 PMCID: PMC6970082 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several papers studied dietary protein intake as a potential influence factor for esophageal cancer, but their findings were inconsistent. Thus, this meta-analysis was performed to identify the effect of protein intake on esophageal cancer risk. Potential case–control studies or cohort studies from the databases of Embase, Web of Science and PubMed were searched. The strength of association was quantified by pooling odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). In total, 11 articles involving 2537 cases and 11432 participants were included in this meta-analysis. As a result, dietary protein intake had non-significant association on esophageal cancer risk overall (pooled OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.88–1.40). Meanwhile, we obtained consistent results in the subgroups analyses by study design, protein type, geographic locations and number of cases. Interestingly, dietary protein intake could significantly increase the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (pooled OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.02–1.62), instead of other disease type. To sum up, dietary protein intake had no significant association with esophageal cancer risk in the overall analysis; but, protein intake may be associated with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. While some limitations existed in the present paper, more studies with large sample size are warranted to further confirm this result.
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15
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Jin Y, Yang T, Li D, Ding W. Effect of dietary cholesterol intake on the risk of esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:4059-4068. [PMID: 31407608 PMCID: PMC6753542 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519865632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This systematic review aimed to explore the potential association between
dietary cholesterol intake and esophageal cancer risk. Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science
databases from inception to March 2019 according to specific inclusion and
exclusion criteria. Pooled estimates with odds ratio (ORs) and 95%
confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using random effects models. Results Nine articles of 12 independent studies were included in the final
meta-analysis. Pooled analysis suggested that dietary cholesterol intake may
increase the risk of esophageal cancer (summarized OR = 1.424, 95%
CI = 1.191–1.704). Consistent results were found in American (summarized
OR = 1.410, 95% CI = 1.130–1.758) and European populations (summarized
OR = 1.556, 95% CI = 1.021–2.373). Subgroup analysis by disease type showed
that dietary cholesterol intake had a significant association with the
development of esophageal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell
carcinoma. Conclusion Our findings indicated that dietary cholesterol intake could significantly
increase the risk of developing esophageal cancer in both European and
American populations. Further high-quality studies are necessary to confirm
the effects of cholesterol intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongyin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wentao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
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16
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Xie ZC, Wu HY, Ma FC, Dang YW, Peng ZG, Zhou HF, Chen G. Prognostic alternative splicing signatures and underlying regulatory network in esophageal carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4010-4028. [PMID: 31396315 PMCID: PMC6684923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) has been widely reported to play an important role in cancers, including esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). However, no study has comprehensively investigated the clinical use of combination of prognostic AS events and clinicopathological parameters. Therefore, we collected 165 ESCA patients including 83 esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and 82 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas to explore the survival rate associated with seven types of AS events. Prognostic predictors for the clinical outcomes of ESCA patients were built. Predictive prognosis models of the alternative acceptor site in ESCA (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.83), alternative donor site in EAC (AUC = 0.99), and alternative terminator site in ESCC (AUC = 0.974) showed the best predictive efficacy. A novel combined prognostic model of AS events and clinicopathological parameters in ESCA was also constructed. Combined prognostic models of ESCA all showed better predictive efficacy than independent AS models or clinicopathological parameters model. Through constructing splicing regulatory network, the expression of AS factor was found to be negatively correlated with the most favorable AS events. Moreover, gene amplification, mutation, and copy number variation of AS genes were commonly observed, which may indicate the molecular mechanism of how the AS events influence survival. Conclusively, the constructed prognostic models based on AS events, especially the combined prognostic models of AS signatures and clinicopathological parameters could be used to predict the outcome of ESCA patients. Moreover, the splicing regulatory network and genomic alteration in ESCA could be used for illuminating the potential molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Cheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Yu Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Chao Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Fu Zhou
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P. R. China
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DpdtbA-Induced Growth Inhibition in Human Esophageal Cancer Cells Involved Inactivation of the p53/EGFR/AKT Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5414670. [PMID: 31354907 PMCID: PMC6636558 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5414670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (ESC) is one of the most deadly diseases for human. p53 in most cancers, including ESC cell, is mutated, and the mutated p53 losses its original function and acquires “gain of function” that allows for promoting the hallmarks of cancer, such as antiapoptosis, metastasis, invasion, angiogenesis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Targeting p53 through either introducing wild-type or degrading mutated p53 is an important strategy in cancer therapy. Di-2,2′-pyridine ketone dithiocarbamate s-butyric acid (DpdtbA) has significant growth inhibition against gastric cancer lines in previous study. Similar action in ESC cell lines but a novel molecular mechanism was observed in the present study. The results showed that DpdtbA exhibited an excellent antiproliferative effect for ESC cell lines (IC50 ≤ 4.5 ± 0.4 μM for Kyse 450, 3.2 ± 0.6 μM for Kyse 510 cell, and 10.0 ± 0.6 μM for Kyse 150) and led to cell cycle arrest at the S phase which correlated to CDK2 downregulation. The mechanistic study suggested that growth inhibition was related to ROS-mediated apoptosis, and ROS production was due to SOD inhibition initiated by DpdtbA rather than occurrence of ferritinophagy. In addition, DpdtbA also induced a downregulation of EGFR, p53, and AKT, which hinted that mutant p53 still played a role in the regulation of its downstream targets. Further study revealed that the downregulation of p53 was through stub1- (chip-) mediated autophagic degradation rather than MDM2-mediated ubiquitination. Taken together, the DpdtbA-induced growth inhibition in a mechanism was through inactivating the p53/EGFR/AKT signal pathway.
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18
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Melling N, Norrenbrock S, Kluth M, Simon R, Hube-Magg C, Steurer S, Hinsch A, Burandt E, Jacobsen F, Wilczak W, Quaas A, Bockhorn M, Grupp K, Tachezy M, Izbicki J, Sauter G, Gebauer F. p53 overexpression is a prognosticator of poor outcome in esophageal cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:3826-3834. [PMID: 30881503 PMCID: PMC6403495 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry studies on p53 inactivation in esophageal cancer are available with inconclusive results. Data on the combined effect of p53 protein accumulation and TP53 genomic deactivation in large scale studies for esophageal cancer are currently lacking. A tissue microarray with 691 esophageal cancer samples was analyzed by p53 immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Nuclear p53 accumulation was observed in 45.9% of patients with adenocarcinoma (AC) and in 40.0% in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Heterozygous TP53 deletions occurred in 40.9% in AC and in 19.4% in SCC. Homozygous deletions did not occur at all. High-level p53 immunostaining was associated with shortened overall survival in AC and SCC while TP53 deletions alone showed no correlation with survival. High-level p53 immunostaining in patients with AC was associated with advanced tumor (P=0.019) and Union for International Cancer Control stages (P=0.004), grading (P=0.027) and the resection margin status (P=0.006). Associations between p53 immunostaining and SCC were not found. TP53 deletions were found to be associated with advanced tumor stages (P=0.028) and the presence of lymph node metastasis (P=0.009) in SCC. In conclusion, strong p53 immunostaining, but not TP53 deletion alone, is associated with unfavorable outcomes and may therefore represent a clinically useful molecular marker in esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Melling
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Norrenbrock
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Maximillian Bockhorn
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Grupp
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Tachezy
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Izbicki
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute for Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Gebauer
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
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Nikolova D, Chalovska-Ivanova V, Genadieva-Dimitrova M, Eftimov A, Jovanovik R, Janevska V. TP53 Mutation in Correlation to Immunohistochemical Expression of P53 Protein in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:1181-1186. [PMID: 30087719 PMCID: PMC6062290 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mutations causing p53 inactivation are among the most common genetic alterations in human malignant tumours including hepatocellular carcinoma. Detection of p53 gene mutations in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) should provide relevant data for the patients from the Republic of Macedonia and should allow the survivals additional therapeutic option as is gene therapy. AIM: We aimed to detect p53 gene mutations in HCC tissue, and to correlate them with the immunoexpression of p53 protein and multiple clinicopathologic characteristics of a tumour. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analysed thirty patients with HCC for multiple clinic-pathological characteristics. Tumour tissue samples were immunostained for p53 and detection of p53 gene mutations was performed by polymerase chain reaction followed by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: Changes in p53 gene sequence were detected in four patients (13.33%), one of them a polymorphism and the other three were missense point mutations with p53 immunoexpression of 50%, 0%, 0% and 90%, respectively. All patients with p53 mutations had cirrhosis. Two of them had Hepatitis B infection, moderately differentiated tumour and T2 status. There was one case with a well-differentiated tumour and one with T4 status. All of them were with vascular invasion. The size of the tumours was in the range of 2.5 cm to 16 cm. All 3 mutations were located in exon 7. CONCLUSION: Mutations in p53 gene are not always associated with obviously altered immunoexpression of p53 protein. Detection of p53 gene mutations is necessary in each case because the new therapeutic modalities offer to apply gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafina Nikolova
- University Clinic of Gastroenterohepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Viktorija Chalovska-Ivanova
- University Clinic of Gastroenterohepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Magdalena Genadieva-Dimitrova
- University Clinic of Gastroenterohepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Aleksandar Eftimov
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Rubens Jovanovik
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Vesna Janevska
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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Genetic variants of the DNA repair genes from Exome Aggregation Consortium (EXAC) database: significance in cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 52:92-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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21
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Li S, Wang Z, Huang J, Cheng S, Du H, Che G, Peng Y. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of mTOR and phosphorylated mTOR expression in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:877. [PMID: 27835987 PMCID: PMC5106813 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2940-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine protein kinase responsible for regulating ribosomal biogenesis and protein synthesis. Dysregulation of mTOR contributes to tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, cellular growth and metastasis but its roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are controversial. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of mTOR/p-mTOR expression in ESCC. METHODS Literature retrieval was conducted by searching PubMed, EMBASE and the Web of Science for full-text papers that met our eligibility criteria. Odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI) served as the appropriate summarized statistics for assessments of clinicopathological and prognostic significance, respectively. Cochrane Q-test and I2-statistic were adopted to estimate the heterogeneity level between studies. Potential publication bias was detected by Begg's test and Egger's test. RESULTS A total of 915 ESCC patients from nine original articles were included into this meta-analysis. The pooled analyses suggested that mTOR/p-mTOR expression was significantly correlated with the unfavorable outcomes of differentiation degree (OR: 2.63; 95 % CI: 1.71-4.05; P = 0.001), tumor invasion (OR: 1.48; 95 % CI: 1.02-2.13; P = 0.037), TNM stage (OR: 2.25; 95 % CI: 1.05-4.82; P = 0.037) and lymph node metastasis (OR: 1.82; 95 % CI: 1.06-3.11; P = 0.029), but had no significant relationship to the genders (OR: 0.81; 95 % CI: 0.50-1.32; P = 0.396). Moreover, mTOR/p-mTOR expression could independently predict the worse overall survival (HR: 2.04; 95 % CI: 1.58-2.62; P < 0.001), disease-free survival (HR: 2.39; 95 % CI: 1.64-3.49; P < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival (HR: 1.62; 95 % CI: 1.18-2.23; P = 0.003) of patients with ESCC. Such prognostic value of mTOR was not substantially altered by further subgroup analyses. CONCLUSIONS Positive expression of mTOR and p-mTOR was significantly associated with the unfavorable conditions on the depth of tumor invasion, TNM stage, differentiation degree and lymph node metastasis. mTOR and p-mTOR could serve as a valuable predictor for the poor prognosis of ESCC. More high-quality worldwide studies performing a multivariate analysis based on larger sample size are urgently required for further verifying and modifying our findings in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangjiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley No. 37, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley No. 37, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley No. 37, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley No. 37, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Cheng
- Department of Sonography, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley No. 37, Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley No. 37, Chengdu, China
| | - Guowei Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley No. 37, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Alley No. 37, Chengdu, China.
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