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Varvil MS, Clark SL, Bailey TW, Ramos-Vara JA, dos Santos AP. Canine urothelial carcinoma: a pilot study of microRNA detection in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples and in normal urine. J Vet Diagn Invest 2024; 36:70-77. [PMID: 38014733 PMCID: PMC10734577 DOI: 10.1177/10406387231211908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the effects of fixation time in formalin and inclusion of surrounding tissue on microRNA (miRNA) cycle quantification (Cq) values in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) urothelial carcinoma (UC) tissue (n = 3), and the effect of conditions on miRNAs in urine from 1 healthy dog. MiRNAs were extracted using commercial kits and quantified using miRNA-specific fluorometry in normal bladder tissue scrolls, UC tissue cores, and bladder muscularis tissue cores from 4 FFPE bladder sections (3 UCs, 1 normal), plus 1 UC stored in formalin for 1, 8, 15, and 22 d before paraffin-embedding. Urine was collected from a healthy dog on 4 occasions; 1-mL aliquots were stored at 20, 4, -20, and -80°C for 4, 8, 24, and 48 h, and 1 and 2 wk. For both FFPE tissue and urine, we used reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) to quantify miR-143, miR-152, miR-181a, miR-214, miR-1842, and RNU6B in each tissue or sample, using miR-39 as an exogenous control gene. The Cq values were compared with ANOVA and t-tests. The time of tissue-fixation in formalin did not alter miRNA Cq values; inclusion of the muscularis layer resulted in a statistically different miRNA Cq profile for miR-152, miR-181a, and RNU6B in bladder tissue. MiRNAs in acellular urine were stable for up to 2 wk regardless of the storage temperature. Our findings support using stored FFPE and urine samples for miRNA detection; we recommend measuring miRNA only in the tissue of interest in FFPE sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara S. Varvil
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Samuel L. Clark
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Taylor W. Bailey
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - José A. Ramos-Vara
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Andrea Pires dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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2
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Schimmelpfennig C, Rade M, Füssel S, Löffler D, Blumert C, Bertram C, Borkowetz A, Otto DJ, Puppel SH, Hönscheid P, Sommer U, Baretton GB, Köhl U, Wirth M, Thomas C, Horn F, Kreuz M, Reiche K. Characterization and evaluation of gene fusions as a measure of genetic instability and disease prognosis in prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:575. [PMID: 37349736 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. The clinical manifestations and molecular characteristics of PCa are highly variable. Aggressive types require radical treatment, whereas indolent ones may be suitable for active surveillance or organ-preserving focal therapies. Patient stratification by clinical or pathological risk categories still lacks sufficient precision. Incorporating molecular biomarkers, such as transcriptome-wide expression signatures, improves patient stratification but so far excludes chromosomal rearrangements. In this study, we investigated gene fusions in PCa, characterized potential novel candidates, and explored their role as prognostic markers for PCa progression. METHODS We analyzed 630 patients in four cohorts with varying traits regarding sequencing protocols, sample conservation, and PCa risk group. The datasets included transcriptome-wide expression and matched clinical follow-up data to detect and characterize gene fusions in PCa. With the fusion calling software Arriba, we computationally predicted gene fusions. Following detection, we annotated the gene fusions using published databases for gene fusions in cancer. To relate the occurrence of gene fusions to Gleason Grading Groups and disease prognosis, we performed survival analyses using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and Cox regression. RESULTS Our analyses identified two potential novel gene fusions, MBTTPS2,L0XNC01::SMS and AMACR::AMACR. These fusions were detected in all four studied cohorts, providing compelling evidence for the validity of these fusions and their relevance in PCa. We also found that the number of gene fusions detected in a patient sample was significantly associated with the time to biochemical recurrence in two of the four cohorts (log-rank test, p-value < 0.05 for both cohorts). This was also confirmed after adjusting the prognostic model for Gleason Grading Groups (Cox regression, p-values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our gene fusion characterization workflow revealed two potential novel fusions specific for PCa. We found evidence that the number of gene fusions was associated with the prognosis of PCa. However, as the quantitative correlations were only moderately strong, further validation and assessment of clinical value is required before potential application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Schimmelpfennig
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Rade
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Susanne Füssel
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dennis Löffler
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Conny Blumert
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Catharina Bertram
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angelika Borkowetz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dominik J Otto
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven-Holger Puppel
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Pia Hönscheid
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Sommer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gustavo B Baretton
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrike Köhl
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manfred Wirth
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Department of Urology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Friedemann Horn
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Kreuz
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Reiche
- Department of Diagnostics, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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3
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Juracek J, Madrzyk M, Stanik M, Ruckova M, Trachtova K, Malcikova H, Lzicarova E, Barth DA, Pichler M, Slaby O. A tissue miRNA expression pattern is associated with disease aggressiveness of localized prostate cancer. Prostate 2023; 83:340-351. [PMID: 36478451 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous malignancy with high variability in clinical course. Insufficient stratification according to the aggressiveness at the time of diagnosis causes unnecessary or delayed treatment. Current stratification systems are not effective enough because they are based on clinical, surgical or biochemical parameters, but do not take into account molecular factors driving PCa cancerogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important players in molecular pathogenesis of PCa and could serve as valuable biomarkers for the assessment of disease aggressiveness and its prognosis. METHODS In the study, in total, 280 PCa patients were enrolled. The miRNA expression profiles were analyzed in FFPE PCa tissue using the miRCURY LNA miRNA PCR System. The expression levels of candidate miRNAs were further verified by two-level validation using the RT-qPCR method and evaluated in relation to PCa stratification reflecting the disease aggressiveness. RESULTS MiRNA profiling revealed 172 miRNAs dysregulated between aggressive (ISUP 3-5) and indolent PCa (ISUP 1) (p < 0.05). In the training and validation cohort, miR-15b-5p and miR-106b-5p were confirmed to be significantly upregulated in tissue of aggressive PCa when their level was associated with disease aggressiveness. Furthermore, we established a prognostic score combining the level of miR-15b-5p and miR-106b-5p with serum PSA level, which discriminated indolent PCa from an aggressive form with even higher analytical parameters (AUC being 0.9338 in the training set and 0.8014 in the validation set, respectively). The score was also associated with 5-year biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) of PCa patients. CONCLUSIONS We identified a miRNA expression pattern associated with disease aggressiveness in prostate cancer patients. These miRNAs may be of biological interest as the focus can be also set on their specific role within the molecular pathology and the molecular mechanism that underlies the aggressivity of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Juracek
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Madrzyk
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Stanik
- Department of Urologic Oncology, Clinic of Surgical Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Ruckova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karolina Trachtova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Malcikova
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Lzicarova
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik A Barth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Broseghini E, Filippini DM, Fabbri L, Leonardi R, Abeshi A, Dal Molin D, Fermi M, Ferracin M, Fernandez IJ. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of microRNAs in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:ncrna9010009. [PMID: 36827542 PMCID: PMC9966707 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck region, with a poor survival rate (5-year overall survival 50-80%) as a consequence of an advanced-stage diagnosis and high recurrence rate. Tobacco smoking and alcohol abuse are the main risk factors of LSCC development. An early diagnosis of LSCC, a prompt detection of recurrence and a more precise monitoring of the efficacy of different treatment modalities are currently needed to reduce the mortality. Therefore, the identification of effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for LSCC is crucial to guide disease management and improve clinical outcomes. In the past years, a dysregulated expression of small non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), has been reported in many human cancers, including LSCC, and many miRNAs have been explored for their diagnostic and prognostic potential and proposed as biomarkers. We searched electronic databases for original papers that were focused on miRNAs and LSCC, using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. According to the outcome, 566 articles were initially screened, of which 177 studies were selected and included in the analysis. In this systematic review, we provide an overview of the current literature on the function and the potential diagnostic and prognostic role of tissue and circulating miRNAs in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Broseghini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Daria Maria Filippini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Policlinico Sant’Orsola Malpighi of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.B.); (D.M.F.)
| | - Laura Fabbri
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Policlinico Sant’Orsola Malpighi of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberta Leonardi
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria Policlinico Sant’Orsola Malpighi of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andi Abeshi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Dal Molin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Fermi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ignacio Javier Fernandez
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero, Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Emirzeoglu L, Olmez O, Mustafayev F, Berber U, Yilmaz I, Celik S, Oven B, Ozgun M. Prognostic value of expression levels of miR‑148a, miR‑152 and HLA‑G in colon cancer. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:226. [PMID: 35720471 PMCID: PMC9185158 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Levent Emirzeoglu
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan II. Abdulhamid Khan Educational and Research Hospital, 34660 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Olmez
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan II. Abdulhamid Khan Educational and Research Hospital, 34660 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Mustafayev
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan II. Abdulhamid Khan Educational and Research Hospital, 34660 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Berber
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan II. Abdulhamid Khan Educational and Research Hospital, 34660 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yilmaz
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan II. Abdulhamid Khan Educational and Research Hospital, 34660 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Celik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yeditepe University Koşuyolu Hospital, 34718 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bala Oven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yeditepe University Koşuyolu Hospital, 34718 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozgun
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Health Sciences, Sultan II. Abdulhamid Khan Educational and Research Hospital, 34660 Istanbul, Turkey
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6
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Kumar K, Oli A, Hallikeri K, Shilpasree AS, Goni M. An optimized protocol for total RNA isolation from archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues to identify the long non-coding RNA in oral squamous cell carcinomas. MethodsX 2022; 9:101602. [PMID: 34976751 PMCID: PMC8683714 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 93% of the human genome is translated into RNAs, of which only 2% code for proteins and the rest 98% are noncoding RNAs. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs of > 200 nucleotides length that are emerging as novel players in the field of cancer diagnostics or prognostics. Recently, lncRNAs are known to be associated with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). The demonstration of stable lncRNA has been a challenge in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE). The survivability and expression level of lncRNA in FFPE tissues compared with fresh tissues is not well documented in the literature. Hence, we designed the current pilot study with the main aim to optimize modified TRI (Total RNA isolation) reagent RNA isolation protocol to identify the lncRNA expression in archived FFPE tissues of OSCC in comparison to the standard RNA isolation kit method. The findings of our study demonstrated that the RNA quantity and quality were comparatively better with the optimized TRI reagent modified protocol than the standard RNA isolation kit method. Furthermore, ct (cycle threshold) values after reverse-transcription and qRT-PCR (Quantitative Real time PCR) were comparable and almost equal in both the methods for normal mucosa (control) and OSCC samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, (A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University), Dharwad, Karnataka 580009, India
| | - Ajaykumar Oli
- Department of Biomedical Science, SDM Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, (A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University), Dharwad, Karnataka 580009, India
| | - Kaveri Hallikeri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, SDM College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, (A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University), Dharwad, Karnataka 580009, India
| | - A S Shilpasree
- Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital, (A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University), Dharwad, Karnataka 580009, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mallikarjun Goni
- Department of Biomedical Science, SDM Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, (A Constituent Unit of Shri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara University), Dharwad, Karnataka 580009, India
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7
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Galvão-Lima LJ, Morais AHF, Valentim RAM, Barreto EJSS. miRNAs as biomarkers for early cancer detection and their application in the development of new diagnostic tools. Biomed Eng Online 2021; 20:21. [PMID: 33593374 PMCID: PMC7885381 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-021-00857-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important molecules associated with the regulation of gene expression in humans and other organisms, expanding the strategies available to diagnose and handle several diseases. This paper presents a systematic review of literature of miRNAs related to cancer development and explores the main techniques used to quantify these molecules and their limitations as screening strategy. The bibliographic research was conducted using the online databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct searching the terms "microRNA detection", "miRNA detection", "miRNA and prostate cancer", "miRNA and cervical cancer", "miRNA and cervix cancer", "miRNA and breast cancer", and "miRNA and early cancer diagnosis". Along the systematic review over 26,000 published papers were reported, and 252 papers were returned after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, which were considered during this review. The aim of this study is to identify potential miRNAs related to cancer development that may be useful for early cancer diagnosis, notably in the breast, prostate, and cervical cancers. In addition, we suggest a preliminary top 20 miRNA panel according to their relevance during the respective cancer development. Considering the progressive number of new cancer cases every year worldwide, the development of new diagnostic tools is critical to refine the accuracy of screening tests, improving the life expectancy and allowing a better prognosis for the affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo J. Galvão-Lima
- Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Avenue Senador Salgado Filho 1559, Natal, RN 59015-000 Brazil
| | - Antonio H. F. Morais
- Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Avenue Senador Salgado Filho 1559, Natal, RN 59015-000 Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. M. Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN Brazil
| | - Elio J. S. S. Barreto
- Division of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN Brazil
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Zhao C, Zhao M, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Zheng Z, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhang P, Zhu S, Ding S, Li J. The persistence and stability of miRNA in bloodstained samples under different environmental conditions. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 318:110594. [PMID: 33276201 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
miRNA markers have been an area of forensic interest to identify body fluid sources in recent years. In this study, reverse transcription and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed to detect the existence of blood-specific miRNA markers in bloodstained samples under different environmental conditions, Blood samples from 6 individuals were deposited onto glass plates and exposed to different temperature, humidity, ultraviolet light intensity, and natural condition. When samples were stored to a series of estimated test times, total RNA was extracted and the Ct values of the target RNAs were detected, targets included two miRNA markers (hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-451a) and one reference gene (U6 snRNA). Analysis results showed that miR-451a represented strong stability and could be detected at all detection points. Meanwhile, each RNAs exhibited unique degradation characteristics, compared to U6, miRNAs showed stronger stability. Additionally, rain had an adverse effect on RNAs stability and accelerates its degradation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Minzhu Zhao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Yongguo Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Hainan Medical University, Hainan 570000, China
| | - Shisheng Zhu
- Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
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9
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Pamedytyte D, Leipute E, Zilaitiene B, Sarauskas V, Dauksiene D, Dauksa A, Zvirbliene A. Different stability of miRNAs and endogenous control genes in archival specimens of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Mol Med 2020; 26:100. [PMID: 33153429 PMCID: PMC7643475 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most popular miRNA quantitation technique is RQ-PCR with relative gene expression method that requires an endogenous control (EC) gene for data normalization. However, there are insufficient data and selection criteria on the most suitable ECs for miRNA expression studies in many cancer types including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Therefore, in this study we evaluated the impact of chosen EC and archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) PTC tissue age on estimated target miRNA expression. METHODS RQ-PCR was used to determine expression levels of five miRNAs (miR-146b, miR-222, miR-21, miR-221 and miR-181b) and three different endogenous controls (RNU48, let-7a, miR-16), which were used to normalize the data. In total, 400 FFPE PTC tissues were analyzed that have been stored from 1 to 15 years. RESULTS The stability of commonly used ECs RNU48 and let-7a significantly differs from the stability of target miRNA in archival FFPE PTC tissues. Moreover, these differences have a great impact on miRNA expression results when FFPE tissue samples have been stored for a different period of time. CONCLUSIONS It is important to select an ECs not only stable in the tissue of interest but also with similar stability to target miRNA, especially when working with samples of different age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Pamedytyte
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Av. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Enrika Leipute
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Av. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Birute Zilaitiene
- Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdas Sarauskas
- Department of Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dalia Dauksiene
- Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Albertas Dauksa
- Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Str. 2, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aurelija Zvirbliene
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Av. 7, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
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10
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Cavalcanti E, Galleggiante V, Coletta S, Stasi E, Chieppa M, Armentano R, Serino G. Altered miRNAs Expression Correlates With Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Grades. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1187. [PMID: 32766159 PMCID: PMC7379872 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are rare and heterogeneous tumors that present a wide spectrum of different clinical and biological characteristics. Currently, tumor grading, determined by Ki-67 staining and mitotic counts, represents the most reliable predictor of prognosis. This time-consuming approach fails to reach high reproducibility standards thus requiring novel approaches to support histological evaluation and prognosis. In this study, starting from a microarray analysis of paraffin-embedded tissue specimens, we defined the miRNAs signature for poorly differentiated NETs (G3) compared to well-differentiated NETs (G1 and G2) consisting of 56 deregulated miRNAs. We identified 8 miRNAs that were expressed in all GEP-NETs grades but at different level. Among these miRNAs, miR-96-5p expression level was progressively higher from grade 1 to grade 3; inversely, its target FoxO1 expression decreased from grade 1 to grade 3. Our results reveal that the miRNAs expression profile of GEP-NET is correlated with the tumor grade, showing a potential advantage of miRNA quantification that could aid clinicians in the classification of common GEP-NETs subtypes. These findings could reliably support the histological evaluation of GEP-NETs paving the way toward personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Cavalcanti
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Vanessa Galleggiante
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Sergio Coletta
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Elisa Stasi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Raffaele Armentano
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Grazia Serino
- National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Italy
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11
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Abramovic I, Ulamec M, Katusic Bojanac A, Bulic-Jakus F, Jezek D, Sincic N. miRNA in prostate cancer: challenges toward translation. Epigenomics 2020; 12:543-558. [PMID: 32267174 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the most commonly diagnosed neoplasm among men. miRNAs, as biomarkers, could further improve reliability in distinguishing malignant versus nonmalignant, and aggressive versus nonaggressive PCa. However, conflicting data was reported for certain miRNAs, and there was a lack of consistency and reproducibility, which has been attributed to diverse (pre)analytical factors. In order to address current challenges in miRNA clinical research on PCa, a PubMed-based literature search was conducted with the last update in May 2019. After identifying critical variations in designs and protocols that undermined clear-cut evidence acquisition, and reliable translation into clinical practice, we propose guidelines for most critical steps that should be considered in future research of miRNA as biomarkers, especially in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Abramovic
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Monika Ulamec
- Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Ljudevit Jurak Clinical Department of Pathology & Cytology, University Clinical Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Department of Pathology, University of Zagreb, School of Dental Medicine & School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Ana Katusic Bojanac
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Floriana Bulic-Jakus
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Davor Jezek
- Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Department of Histology & Embryology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Nino Sincic
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Group for Research on Epigenetic Biomarkers, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.,Scientific Centre of Excellence for Reproductive & Regenerative Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
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12
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Giannoudis A, Clarke K, Zakaria R, Varešlija D, Farahani M, Rainbow L, Platt-Higgins A, Ruthven S, Brougham KA, Rudland PS, Jenkinson MD, Young LS, Falciani F, Palmieri C. A novel panel of differentially-expressed microRNAs in breast cancer brain metastasis may predict patient survival. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18518. [PMID: 31811234 PMCID: PMC6897960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is an area of unmet clinical need. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to the metastatic process in breast cancer (BC). In this study, we aim to determine differentially-expressed miRNAs utilising primary BCs that did not relapse (BCNR, n = 12), primaries that relapsed (BCR) and their paired (n = 40 pairs) brain metastases (BM) using the NanoString™ nCounter™ miRNA Expression Assays. Significance analysis of microarrays identified 58 and 11 differentially-expressed miRNAs between BCNR vs BCR and BCR vs BM respectively and pathway analysis revealed enrichment for genes involved in invasion and metastasis. Four miRNAs, miR-132-3p, miR-199a-5p, miR-150-5p and miR-155-5p, were differentially-expressed within both cohorts (BCNR-BCR, BCR-BM) and receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis (p = 0.00137) and Kaplan-Meier survival method (p = 0.0029, brain metastasis-free survival; p = 0.0007, overall survival) demonstrated their potential use as prognostic markers. Ingenuity pathway enrichment linked them to the MET oncogene, and the cMET protein was overexpressed in the BCR (p < 0.0001) and BM (p = 0.0008) cases, compared to the BCNRs. The 4-miRNAs panel identified in this study could be potentially used to distinguish BC patients with an increased risk of developing BCBM and provide potential novel therapeutic targets, whereas cMET-targeting warrants further investigation in the treatment of BCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Giannoudis
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kim Clarke
- Computational Biology Facility, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rasheed Zakaria
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Damir Varešlija
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mosavar Farahani
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lucille Rainbow
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Stuart Ruthven
- Department of Pathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Philip S Rudland
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael D Jenkinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Leonie S Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Carlo Palmieri
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Wirral, UK.
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13
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Lv Y, Li S, Li Z, Tao R, Shao Y, Chen Y. Quantitative analysis of noncoding RNA from paired fresh and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded brain tissues. Int J Legal Med 2019; 134:873-884. [PMID: 31788707 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-019-02210-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are commonly used both clinically and in forensic pathology. Recently, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) has attracted interest among molecular medical researchers. However, it remains unclear whether newly identified ncRNAs, such as long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA), remain stable for downstream molecular analysis in FFPE tissues. Here, we assessed the feasibility of using autoptic FFPE brain tissues from eight individuals to perform quantitative molecular analyses. Selected RNA targets (9 mRNAs and 15 ncRNAs) with different amplicon lengths were studied by RT-qPCR in paired fresh and FFPE specimens. For RNA quality assessment, RNA purity and yield were comparable between the two sample cohorts; however, the RNA integrity number decreased significantly during FFPE sampling. Amplification efficiency also displayed certain variability related with amplicon length and RNA species. We found molecular evidence that short amplicons of mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA were amplified more efficiently than long amplicons. With the assistance of RefFinder, 5S, SNORD48, miR-103a, and miR-125b were selected as reference genes given their high stability. After normalization, we found that short amplicon markers (e.g., ACTB mRNA and MALAT1 lncRNA) exhibited high consistency of quantification in paired fresh/FFPE samples. In particular, circRNAs (XPO1, HIPK3, and TMEM56) presented relatively consistent and stable expression profiles in FFPE tissues compared with their corresponding linear transcripts. Additionally, we evaluated the influence of prolonged storage time on the amplification of gene transcripts and found that short amplicons still work effectively in archived FFPE biospecimens. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the possibility of performing accurate quantitative analysis of ncRNAs using short amplicons and standardized RT-qPCR assays in autopsy-derived FFPE samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehui Lv
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200063, China. .,School of basic medical sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, 201318, China.
| | - Shiying Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Zhihong Li
- School of basic medical sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Ruiyang Tao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Yu Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200063, China
| | - Yijiu Chen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai, 200063, China.
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14
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Esteva-Socias M, Artiga MJ, Bahamonde O, Belar O, Bermudo R, Castro E, Escámez T, Fraga M, Jauregui-Mosquera L, Novoa I, Peiró-Chova L, Rejón JD, Ruiz-Miró M, Vieiro-Balo P, Villar-Campo V, Zazo S, Rábano A, Villena C. In search of an evidence-based strategy for quality assessment of human tissue samples: report of the tissue Biospecimen Research Working Group of the Spanish Biobank Network. J Transl Med 2019; 17:370. [PMID: 31718661 PMCID: PMC6852937 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present work is to underline the importance of obtaining a standardized procedure to ensure and evaluate both clinical and research usability of human tissue samples. The study, which was carried out by the Biospecimen Science Working Group of the Spanish Biobank Network, is based on a general overview of the current situation about quality assurance in human tissue biospecimens. It was conducted an exhaustive review of the analytical techniques used to evaluate the quality of human tissue samples over the past 30 years, as well as their reference values if they were published, and classified them according to the biomolecules evaluated: (i) DNA, (ii) RNA, and (iii) soluble or/and fixed proteins for immunochemistry. More than 130 publications released between 1989 and 2019 were analysed, most of them reporting results focused on the analysis of tumour and biopsy samples. A quality assessment proposal with an algorithm has been developed for both frozen tissue samples and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, according to the expected quality of sample based on the available pre-analytical information and the experience of the participants in the Working Group. The high heterogeneity of human tissue samples and the wide number of pre-analytic factors associated to quality of samples makes it very difficult to harmonize the quality criteria. However, the proposed method to assess human tissue sample integrity and antigenicity will not only help to evaluate whether stored human tissue samples fit for the purpose of biomarker development, but will also allow to perform further studies, such as assessing the impact of different pre-analytical factors on very well characterized samples or evaluating the readjustment of tissue sample collection, processing and storing procedures. By ensuring the quality of the samples used on research, the reproducibility of scientific results will be guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Esteva-Socias
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Plataforma Biobanco Pulmonar CIBERES, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain.,Grupo de Inflamación, reparación y cáncer en enfermedades respiratorias, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain
| | | | | | - Oihana Belar
- Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research, Basque Biobank, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Raquel Bermudo
- Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS Biobank, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erika Castro
- Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research, Basque Biobank, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Teresa Escámez
- IMIB Biobank, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain
| | - Máximo Fraga
- Depto. de Ciencias Forenses, Anatomía Patolóxica, Xinecología e Obstetricia, e Pediatría, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago, Spain.,Biobanco Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Santiago, Spain
| | | | - Isabel Novoa
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital Biobank, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Juan-David Rejón
- Biobanco del Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía, Granada, Spain
| | - María Ruiz-Miró
- IRBLleida Biobank, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédica de Lleida-Fundación Dr. Pifarre, Lérida, Spain
| | - Paula Vieiro-Balo
- Biobanco Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), SERGAS, Santiago, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Zazo
- Department of Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Rábano
- Banco de Tejidos, Fundación CIEN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Villena
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Plataforma Biobanco Pulmonar CIBERES, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain. .,Grupo de Inflamación, reparación y cáncer en enfermedades respiratorias, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de les Illes Balears (IdISBa), Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma, Spain.
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15
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Rao VTS, Fuh SC, Karamchandani JR, Woulfe JMJ, Munoz DG, Ellezam B, Blain M, Ho MK, Bedell BJ, Antel JP, Ludwin SK. Astrocytes in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: An In Situ MicroRNA Study. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 78:1130-1146. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlz098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Astrocytes are increasingly recognized as active contributors to the disease process in multiple sclerosis (MS), rather than being merely reactive. We investigated the expression of a selected microRNA (miRNA) panel that could contribute both to the injury and to the recovery phases of the disease. Individual astrocytes were laser microdissected from brain sections. We then compared the miRNAs’ expressions in MS and control brain samples at different lesional stages in white versus grey matter regions. In active MS lesions, we found upregulation of ischemia-related miRNAs in white but not grey matter, often with reversion to the normal state in inactive lesions. In contrast to our previous findings on MS macrophages, expression of 2 classical inflammatory-related miRNAs, miRNA-155 and miRNA-146a, was reduced in astrocytes from active and chronic active MS lesions in white and grey matter, suggesting a lesser direct pathogenetic role for these miRNAs in astrocytes. miRNAs within the categories regulating aquaporin4 (-100, -145, -320) and glutamate transport/apoptosis/neuroprotection (-124a, -181a, and -29a) showed some contrasting responses. The regional and lesion-stage differences of expression of these miRNAs indicate the remarkable ability of astrocytes to show a wide range of selective responses in the face of differing insults and phases of resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayaraghava T S Rao
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University
| | - Shih-Chieh Fuh
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - John M J Woulfe
- Department of Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa
| | - David G Munoz
- Department of Pathology, St. Michaels Hospital, Toronto University, Toronto
| | | | - Manon Blain
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ming-Kai Ho
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University
| | - Barry J Bedell
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jack P Antel
- Department of Neuropathology, Montreal Neurological Institute
| | - Samuel K Ludwin
- Department of Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa
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16
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Marrone MT, Joshu CE, Peskoe SB, De Marzo AM, Heaphy CM, Lupold SE, Meeker AK, Platz EA. Adding the Team into T1 Translational Research: A Case Study of Multidisciplinary Team Science in the Evaluation of Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer Risk and Prognosis. Clin Chem 2018; 65:189-198. [PMID: 30518666 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.293365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given translational research challenges, multidisciplinary team science is promoted to increase the likelihood of moving from discovery to health effect. We present a case study documenting the utility of multidisciplinary team science in prostate cancer tissue biomarker validation. METHODS We used primary data generated by a team consisting of a pathologist, cancer biologists, a biostatistician, and epidemiologists. We examined their contributions by phase of biomarker evaluation to identify when, through the practice of team science, threats to internal validity were recognized and solved. Next, we quantified the extent of bias avoided in evaluating the association of Ki67 (immunohistochemistry), stromal cell telomere length (fluorescence in situ hybridization), and microRNA (miRNA) (miR-21, miR-141, miR-221; quantitative RT-PCR) with prostate cancer risk or recurrence in nested case-control studies. RESULTS Threats to validity were tissue storage time (Ki67, miRNA) and laboratory equipment maintenance (telomeres). Solutions were all in the data analysis phase and involved using tissue storage-time specific cutpoints and/or batch-specific cutpoints. Bias in the regression coefficient for quantiles of each biomarker ranged from 24% to 423%, and the coefficient for the test for trend ranged from 15% to 910%. The interpretation of the associations changed as follows: Ki67, null to positive; stromal cell telomere length, null to positive; miR-21 and miR-141 remained null; miR-221, weak to moderate inverse. CONCLUSIONS In this case study, we documented the inferential benefits of multidisciplinary team science when the team's collaboration and coordination led to the identification of threats to validity and the implementation of appropriate solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Marrone
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD;
| | - Corinne E Joshu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sarah B Peskoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Pathology and.,Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Christopher M Heaphy
- Department of Pathology and.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shawn E Lupold
- Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology and.,Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.,Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.,Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
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17
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Qin XG, Zeng JH, Lin P, Mo WJ, Li Q, Feng ZB, Luo DZ, Yang H, Chen G, Zeng JJ. Prognostic value of small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) for digestive tract pan- adenocarcinomas identified by RNA sequencing data. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 215:414-426. [PMID: 30455130 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Malignant tumors of the digestive tract include esophageal, gastric, and colorectal carcinomas, which all have high global mortality rates. A clinical role for small nuclear RNA (snRNA), a type of small non-coding RNA, has not yet been documented for digestive tract pan-adenocarcinomas. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify differentially expressed snRNAs and to explore their prognostic implications in pan-adenocarcinomas from the esophagus, stomach, colon, and rectum. The pan-carcinoma RNA-sequencing data of four types of digestive tract cancers with 1, 102 cases obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project were analyzed and the differentially expressed snRNAs were evaluated using the edgeR package. The prognostic value of each of the selected snRNAs was determined by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. All the digestive tract pan-adenocarcinomas showed differential expression of three snRNAs: the up-regulated RNU1-106 P and RNU6-850 P and the down-regulated RNU6-529 P. Interestingly, RNU6-101 P appeared to be a risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (ESAD) and RNVU1-4 was potentially a protective factor for stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) survival. This consistent finding of differential expression of all three snRNAs in all four types of digestive system cancers suggests potential roles for these snRNAs in the tumorigenesis of digestive system cancers. RNU6-101 P could play a pivotal role in the progression of ESAD and RNVU1-4 could perform a protective role in STAD. However, since the current findings were based on RNA-sequencing data mining, more studies are needed for verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gan Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Jiang-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Wei-Jia Mo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Dian-Zhong Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Zeng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, Nanning, PR China.
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18
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Ammerlaan W, Trouet J, Sachs MC, Guan P, Carithers L, Lambert P, Frasquilho S, Antunes L, Kofanova O, Rohrer D, Valley DR, Blanski A, Jewell S, Moore H, Betsou F. Small Nucleolar RNA Score: An Assay to Detect Formalin-Overfixed Tissue. Biopreserv Biobank 2018; 16:467-476. [PMID: 30234371 PMCID: PMC6308291 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2018.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there are millions of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks potentially available for scientific research, many are of questionable quality, partly due to unknown fixation conditions. We analyzed FFPE tissue biospecimens as part of the NCI Biospecimen Preanalytical Variables (BPV) program to identify microRNA (miRNA) markers for fixation time. miRNA was extracted from kidney and ovary tumor FFPE blocks (19 patients, cold ischemia ≤2 hours) with 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours fixation times, then analyzed using the WaferGen SmartChip platform (miRNA chip with 1036 miRNA targets). For fixation time, principal component analysis of miRNA chip expression data separated 72 hours fixed samples from 6 to 24 hours fixed samples. A set of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) targets was identified that best determines fixation time and was validated using a second independent cohort of seven different tissue types. A customized assay was then developed, based on a set of 24 miRNA and snRNA targets, and a simple “snoRNA score” defined. This score detects FFPE tissue samples with fixation for 72 hours or more, with 79% sensitivity and 80% specificity. It can therefore be used to assess the fitness-for-purpose of FFPE samples for DNA or RNA-based research or clinical assays, which are known to be of limited robustness to formalin overfixation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael C Sachs
- Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Komseli ES, Pateras IS, Krejsgaard T, Stawiski K, Rizou SV, Polyzos A, Roumelioti FM, Chiourea M, Mourkioti I, Paparouna E, Zampetidis CP, Gumeni S, Trougakos IP, Pefani DE, O’Neill E, Gagos S, Eliopoulos AG, Fendler W, Chowdhury D, Bartek J, Gorgoulis VG. A prototypical non-malignant epithelial model to study genome dynamics and concurrently monitor micro-RNAs and proteins in situ during oncogene-induced senescence. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:37. [PMID: 29321003 PMCID: PMC5763532 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senescence is a fundamental biological process implicated in various pathologies, including cancer. Regarding carcinogenesis, senescence signifies, at least in its initial phases, an anti-tumor response that needs to be circumvented for cancer to progress. Micro-RNAs, a subclass of regulatory, non-coding RNAs, participate in senescence regulation. At the subcellular level micro-RNAs, similar to proteins, have been shown to traffic between organelles influencing cellular behavior. The differential function of micro-RNAs relative to their subcellular localization and their role in senescence biology raises concurrent in situ analysis of coding and non-coding gene products in senescent cells as a necessity. However, technical challenges have rendered in situ co-detection unfeasible until now. METHODS In the present report we describe a methodology that bypasses these technical limitations achieving for the first time simultaneous detection of both a micro-RNA and a protein in the biological context of cellular senescence, utilizing the new commercially available SenTraGorTM compound. The method was applied in a prototypical human non-malignant epithelial model of oncogene-induced senescence that we generated for the purposes of the study. For the characterization of this novel system, we applied a wide range of cellular and molecular techniques, as well as high-throughput analysis of the transcriptome and micro-RNAs. RESULTS This experimental setting has three advantages that are presented and discussed: i) it covers a "gap" in the molecular carcinogenesis field, as almost all corresponding in vitro models are fibroblast-based, even though the majority of neoplasms have epithelial origin, ii) it recapitulates the precancerous and cancerous phases of epithelial tumorigenesis within a short time frame under the light of natural selection and iii) it uses as an oncogenic signal, the replication licensing factor CDC6, implicated in both DNA replication and transcription when over-expressed, a characteristic that can be exploited to monitor RNA dynamics. CONCLUSIONS Consequently, we demonstrate that our model is optimal for studying the molecular basis of epithelial carcinogenesis shedding light on the tumor-initiating events. The latter may reveal novel molecular targets with clinical benefit. Besides, since this method can be incorporated in a wide range of low, medium or high-throughput image-based approaches, we expect it to be broadly applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini-Stavroula Komseli
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis S. Pateras
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Thorbjørn Krejsgaard
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3c, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konrad Stawiski
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 15 Mazowiecka St. 92-215, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sophia V. Rizou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Polyzos
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Fani-Marlen Roumelioti
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Chiourea
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Mourkioti
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Paparouna
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos P. Zampetidis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Sentiljana Gumeni
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis P. Trougakos
- Department of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, GR-15784 Athens, Greece
| | - Dafni-Eleftheria Pefani
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Eric O’Neill
- CRUK/MRC Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Sarantis Gagos
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristides G. Eliopoulos
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research & Technology-Hellas, GR-70013 Heraklion, Crete Greece
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 15 Mazowiecka St. 92-215, Lodz, Poland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hněvotínská, 1333/5, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vassilis G. Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Ephessiou St, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4QL UK
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Abstract
Prostate cancer still represents a major health problem for men worldwide. Due to the specific limitation of the currently used clinical biomarkers for prostate cancer, there is a need to identify new and more accurate prostate-specific biomarkers, both for diagnosis and prediction. Small noncoding species of RNAs called microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as possible biomarkers in cancer tissues as well as biological fluids, including for prostate cancer. Moreover, it has been shown that miRNAs could be used as therapeutic targets in different cancer types, including prostate cancer, playing an important role in improving diagnosis and prognosis; and miRNAs have the potential to be clinically useful as predictors of response to personalized cancer therapy and as predictors of prognosis. The analysis of miRNAs in prostate tissue is rather straightforward and has been routinely done on fresh tissue. In addition, due to the more stable nature of miRNAs, they are amenable to be analyzed in archived formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue as well, and also in serum, plasma and urine, using various analytical platforms including microarrays, next generation sequencing and real time PCR. Moreover, although the existence or prostasomes (microvesicles secreted by prostate cells including prostate cancer cells) has been known for years and they were studied as a source of biomarkers for prostate cancer, only recently it has been described that these vesicles also contain miRNAs that could be used as biomarkers in prostate cancer. This chapter underscores the feasibility of current technologies for miRNA analysis and their importance in prostate cancer biology. Moreover, elucidating the specific alteration of miRNA expression and how to modulate it in prostate tissue will open new avenues for developing therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovidiu Balacescu
- Department of Functional Genomics, Proteomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Catalin Marian
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.
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A Large Set of miRNAs Is Dysregulated from the Earliest Steps of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2017; 188:785-794. [PMID: 29248455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) typically results from a stepwise process characterized by the development of premalignant lesions, such as low- or high-grade dysplastic nodules (LGDNs and HGDNs, respectively), in a cirrhotic setting. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression that can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Whether and which miRNAs are involved in the early stages of HCC development remains elusive. Here, small-RNA sequencing was applied to profile miRNA expression in 55 samples (cirrhotic nodules; CNs), LGDNs, HGDNs, early HCCs, and small progressed HCCs, obtained from 17 patients bearing HCCs of different etiologies. An miRNA expression signature of 62 miRNAs distinguishing small progressed HCCs from matched CNs was identified. Interestingly, 52 of these miRNAs discriminated CNs from LGDNs/HGDNs, regardless of etiology, and remained modified along the tumorigenic process. Functional analysis of the predicted mRNA targets of deregulated miRNAs identified common modifications between the early and late stages of HCC development likely involved in the stepwise process of HCC development. Our results demonstrate that miRNA deregulation happens very early in HCC in humans, implying their crucial role in the tumorigenic process. The identification of miRNAs discriminating CNs from neoplastic nodules may have relevant translational implications in early diagnosis.
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Barteneva NS, Baiken Y, Fasler-Kan E, Alibek K, Wang S, Maltsev N, Ponomarev ED, Sautbayeva Z, Kauanova S, Moore A, Beglinger C, Vorobjev IA. Extracellular vesicles in gastrointestinal cancer in conjunction with microbiota: On the border of Kingdoms. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1868:372-393. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Tissue-Based MicroRNAs as Predictors of Biochemical Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy: What Can We Learn from Past Studies? Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102023. [PMID: 28934131 PMCID: PMC5666705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing understanding of the molecular mechanism of the microRNAs (miRNAs) in prostate cancer (PCa), the predictive potential of miRNAs has received more attention by clinicians and laboratory scientists. Compared with the traditional prognostic tools based on clinicopathological variables, including the prostate-specific antigen, miRNAs may be helpful novel molecular biomarkers of biochemical recurrence for a more accurate risk stratification of PCa patients after radical prostatectomy and may contribute to personalized treatment. Tissue samples from prostatectomy specimens are easily available for miRNA isolation. Numerous studies from different countries have investigated the role of tissue-miRNAs as independent predictors of disease recurrence, either alone or in combination with other clinicopathological factors. For this purpose, a PubMed search was performed for articles published between 2008 and 2017. We compiled a profile of dysregulated miRNAs as potential predictors of biochemical recurrence and discussed their current clinical relevance. Because of differences in analytics, insufficient power and the heterogeneity of studies, and different statistical evaluation methods, limited consistency in results was obvious. Prospective multi-institutional studies with larger sample sizes, harmonized analytics, well-structured external validations, and reasonable study designs are necessary to assess the real prognostic information of miRNAs, in combination with conventional clinicopathological factors, as predictors of biochemical recurrence.
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Negoi I, Hostiuc S, Sartelli M, Negoi RI, Beuran M. MicroRNA-21 as a prognostic biomarker in patients with pancreatic cancer - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Surg 2017; 214:515-524. [PMID: 28477839 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the current knowledge regarding microRNA-21 and to evaluate its prognostic impact in patients with pancreatic cancer. METHODS We conducted an electronic literature search to identify all published studies in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Google Scholar databases from 2000 until August 2016. RESULTS A total of 17 studies involving 1471 patients met the inclusion criteria for the quantitative synthesis. The microRNA-21 upregulation was significantly associated with poorer overall survival, disease-free survival, and progression-free survival. The subgroup analysis revealed that microRNA-21 overexpression has a significant higher prognostic value for patients who receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Increased microRNA-21 was associated with a statistically significant higher rate of metastatic lymph nodes and poorly differentiated tumors. CONCLUSIONS MicroRNA-21 upregulation in pancreatic cancer is associated with a significantly poorer overall survival, disease-free survival, and progression-free survival. MicroRNA-21 may be a useful prognostic biomarker, allowing stratification for chemotherapy administration, and being a component of precision medicine in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionut Negoi
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania; Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Sorin Hostiuc
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania; Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Romania
| | | | | | - Mircea Beuran
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania; Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Romania
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