1
|
Chen Y, Lu A, Hu Z, Li J, Lu J. ERBB3 targeting: A promising approach to overcoming cancer therapeutic resistance. Cancer Lett 2024; 599:217146. [PMID: 39098760 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-3 (ERBB3) is a member of the ERBB receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and is expressed in many malignancies. Along with other ERBB receptors, ERBB3 is associated with regulating normal cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and survival, and has received increased research attention for its involvement in cancer therapies. ERBB3 expression or co-expression levels have been investigated as predictive factors for cancer prognosis and drug sensitivity. Additionally, the association between the elevated expression of ERBB3 and treatment failure in cancer therapy further established ERBB3-targeting therapy as a crucial therapeutic approach. This review delves into the molecular mechanisms of ERBB3-driven resistance to targeted therapeutics against ERBB2 and EGFR and other signal transduction inhibitors, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Using preclinical and clinical evidence, we synthesise and explicate how various aspects of aberrant ERBB3 activities-such as compensatory activation, signal crosstalk interactions, dysregulation in the endocytic pathway, mutations, ligand-independent activation, intrinsic kinase activity, and homodimerisation-can lead to resistance development and/or treatment failures. Several ERBB3-directed monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and the emerging antibody-drug conjugate demonstrate encouraging clinical outcomes for improving therapeutic efficacy and overcoming resistance, especially when combined with other anti-cancer approaches. More research efforts are needed to identify appropriate biomarkers tailored for ERBB3-targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Chen
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Anni Lu
- Pinehurst School, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhangli Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xijiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand; College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Food and Agriculture Technology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing, 314006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Lu M, Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhang P. Role of AT-rich interaction domain 1A in gastric cancer immunotherapy: Preclinical and clinical perspectives. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18063. [PMID: 38041544 PMCID: PMC10902580 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) using monoclonal antibodies has brought about a profound transformation in the clinical outcomes for patients grappling with advanced gastric cancer (GC). Nonetheless, despite these achievements, the quest for effective functional biomarkers for ICI therapy remains constrained. Recent research endeavours have shed light on the critical involvement of modified epigenetic regulators in the pathogenesis of gastric tumorigenesis, thus providing a glimpse into potential biomarkers. Among these regulatory factors, AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A), a pivotal constituent of the switch/sucrose non-fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex, has emerged as a promising candidate. Investigations have unveiled the pivotal role of ARID1A in bridging the gap between genome instability and the reconfiguration of the tumour immune microenvironment, culminating in an enhanced response to ICI within the landscape of gastric cancer treatment. This all-encompassing review aims to dissect the potential of ARID1A as a valuable biomarker for immunotherapeutic approaches in gastric cancer, drawing from insights garnered from both preclinical experimentation and clinical observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Youzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- School of PharmacyHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningChina
| | - Qiaoyun Zhang
- School of PharmacyHubei University of Science and TechnologyXianningChina
| | - Mengyao Lu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Huai'an Second People's Hospitalthe Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityHuaianChina
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fusobacterium Nucleatum-Induced Tumor Mutation Burden Predicts Poor Survival of Gastric Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010269. [PMID: 36612265 PMCID: PMC9818776 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-infection of Helicobacter pylori and Fusobacterium nucleatum is a microbial biomarker for poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with microsatellite instability and the accumulation of mutations in colorectal cancer. Here, we investigated the mutation landscape of Fusobacterium nucleatum-positive resected gastric cancer tissues using Illumina TruSight Oncology 500 comprehensive panel. Sequencing data were processed to identify the small nucleotide variants, small insertions and deletions, and unstable microsatellite sites. The bioinformatic algorithm also calculated copy number gains of preselected genes and tumor mutation burden. The recurrent genetic aberrations were identified in this study cohort. For gene amplification events, ERBB2, cell cycle regulators, and specific FGF ligands and receptors were the most frequently amplified genes. Pathogenic activation mutations of ERBB2, ERBB3, and PIK3CA, as well as loss-of-function of TP53, were identified in multiple patients. Furthermore, Fusobacterium nucleatum infection is positively correlated with a higher tumor mutation burden. Survival analysis showed that the combination of Fusobacterium nucleatum infection and high tumor mutation burden formed an extremely effective biomarker to predict poor prognosis. Our results indicated that the ERBB2-PIK3-AKT-mTOR pathway is frequently activated in gastric cancer and that Fusobacterium nucleatum and high mutation burden are strong biomarkers of poor prognosis for gastric cancer patients.
Collapse
|
4
|
May AJ, Mattingly AJ, Gaylord EA, Griffin N, Sudiwala S, Cruz-Pacheco N, Emmerson E, Mohabbat S, Nathan S, Sinada H, Lombaert IMA, Knox SM. Neuronal-epithelial cross-talk drives acinar specification via NRG1-ERBB3-mTORC2 signaling. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2550-2565.e5. [PMID: 36413949 PMCID: PMC9727910 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acinar cells are the principal secretory units of multiple exocrine organs. A single-cell, layered, lumenized acinus forms from a large cohort of epithelial progenitors that must initiate and coordinate three cellular programs of acinar specification, namely, lineage progression, secretion, and polarization. Despite this well-known outcome, the mechanism(s) that regulate these complex programs are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that neuronal-epithelial cross-talk drives acinar specification through neuregulin (NRG1)-ERBB3-mTORC2 signaling. Using single-cell and global RNA sequencing of developing murine salivary glands, we identified NRG1-ERBB3 to precisely overlap with acinar specification during gland development. Genetic deletion of Erbb3 prevented cell lineage progression and the establishment of lumenized, secretory acini. Conversely, NRG1 treatment of isolated epithelia was sufficient to recapitulate the development of secretory acini. Mechanistically, we found that NRG1-ERBB3 regulates each developmental program through an mTORC2 signaling pathway. Thus, we reveal that a neuronal-epithelial (NRG1/ERBB3/mTORC2) mechanism orchestrates the creation of functional acini.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison J May
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Aaron J Mattingly
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Eliza A Gaylord
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nathan Griffin
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sonia Sudiwala
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Noel Cruz-Pacheco
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Elaine Emmerson
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Seayar Mohabbat
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sara Nathan
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Hanan Sinada
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Isabelle M A Lombaert
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Sarah M Knox
- Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chu Y, Li H, Wu D, Guo Q. HER2 protein expression correlates with Lauren classification and P53 in gastric cancer patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30647. [PMID: 36123933 PMCID: PMC9478214 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a key pathological characteristic of gastric cancer (GC). However, the clinical significance of HER2 expression in gastric carcinoma remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of HER2 protein expression, Lauren classification and tumor protein p53 (P53) expression and to evaluate the clinical significance of HER2 protein expression. A total of 176 consecutive patients were prospectively recruited between January 2014 and December 2016 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Histological analysis of the resected tissue was performed for HER2 protein expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Additionally, the expression status of HER2 protein and clinicopathological features were analyzed using the chi-squared (χ2) test. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and differences between the survival curves were determined using the log-rank test. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 22.0 statistical software program (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). A total of 176 patients with GC were enrolled in this study. Intratumoral heterogeneity of HER2 protein overexpression was observed in 42 of 176 cases with IHC grade 2+, accompanied by FISH positivity and IHC grade 3+. HER2 protein expression was correlated with tumor differentiation (P < .001), Lauren classification (P = .001), Borrmann type (P = .003) and P53 expression (P < .001). HER2 protein positivity was associated with significantly higher overall survival (OS) (P = .038). Overexpression of HER2 protein was observed in 23.9% of the cases and was significantly related to the Lauren intestinal subtype and P53 negative expression. HER2 protein overexpression was independently associated with higher OS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Chu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingqu Guo
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Qingqu Guo, Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gao F, Li R, Wei PF, Ou L, Li M, Bai Y, Luo WJ, Fan Z. Synergistic anticancer effects of everolimus (RAD001) and Rhein on gastric cancer cells via phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Bioengineered 2022; 13:6332-6342. [PMID: 35209807 PMCID: PMC8973710 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2005988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Everolimus (RAD001) is a mTOR inhibitor and is widely used for the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). Evidence suggests that Rhein has anticancer effect on GC. But the synergistic effect and mechanism of RAD001 and Rhein combination on GC is not clear. The current study aims to clarify the combination of RAD001 and Rhein in GC treatment. We found Rhein dose-dependently repressed MGC-803 cell viability (50% inhibition concentration (IC50) value = 94.26 μM). Rhein (80 μM) significantly suppressed GC cell proliferation and invasion. RAD001 dose-dependently repressed MGC-803 cells viability (IC50 value = 45.41 nM). The combination of Rhein and RAD001 repressed MGC-803 cells viability, invasion, and proliferation compared to the administration of Rhein or RAD001 alone. Protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related molecules E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin expressions were significantly affected by the combination of Rhein and RAD001. The combination of Rhein and RAD001 significantly facilitated cell apoptosis and up-regulated expressions of cell apoptosis and cycle-related protein p53, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and cyclin D1 compared to the administration of Rhein or RAD001 alone. Moreover, the combination of Rhein and RAD001 repressed the expressions of phosphorylation-phosphoinositide-3-kinase (p-PI3K), p-protein kinase B (p-AKT) and p-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR). Finally, the combination of RAD001 and Rhein significantly decreased tumor weight and volume, suppressed the expressions of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR, and repressed cell proliferation marker Ki-67 expression, which exerted synergistic cancer prevention in GC in vivo. Overall, the combination of Rhein and RAD001 exert synergistic cancer prevention in GC via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Teaching and Research Office of Chinese Pharmacy, The College of Pharmacy of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei-Feng Wei
- The Office of Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Ou
- Teaching and Research Office of Chinese Pharmacy, The College of Pharmacy of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Li
- Teaching and Research Office of Chinese Pharmacy, The College of Pharmacy of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Bai
- The Office of Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Jia Luo
- Teaching and Research Office of Chinese Pharmacy, The College of Pharmacy of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang712000, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
MiR-519d targets HER3 and can be used as a potential serum biomarker for non-small cell lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:4866-4878. [PMID: 32170048 PMCID: PMC7138586 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Development of specific serum biomarkers is essential to improve diagnosis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we show that serum and tissue levels of miR-519d are significantly decreased in NSCLC patients. The low expression of miR-519d is associated with lymph node metastases, clinical stage, and a poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. In addition, ROC analysis demonstrated that the serum miR-519d levels can distinguish NSCLC patients from healthy controls. MiR-519d inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion by lung cancer cells, indicating that it may function as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that HER3 is a target gene of miR-519d in lung cancer cells, and show that by targeting HER3, miR-519d inhibits the PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings demonstrate that the miR-519d levels are decreased in serum and tumor tissues of NSCLC patients, and indicate that miR-519d regulates NSCLC progression by targeting HER3. MiR-519d could potentially serve as a novel serum biomarker for NSCLC.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kong L, Wei Q, Hu X, Chen L, Li J. Ribosomal protein small subunit 15A (RPS15A) inhibits the apoptosis of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells via upregulating phosphorylated ERK1/2, Bad, and Chk1. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:587-595. [PMID: 31535410 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM To detect the expression and identify the role of Ribosomal protein S15A (RPS15A) in human breast cancer (BC). METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out for detecting the levels of RPS15A protein. Quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the mRNA level of RPS15A in one normal breast and three BC cell lines. Lentivirus-mediated shRNA targeting RPS15A was designed to investigate the impact of silencing RPS15A in MDA-MB-231 cell. RESULTS Higher RPS15A expression was detected in tumor tissues than in para-cancer tissues, and higher RPS15A expression was related to larger tumor size and higher TNM stage. Also, RPS15A mRNA expression in all three BC cell lines was higher than that in normal breast cell (all P < .005). Further, RPS15A knockdown significantly suppressed MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Moreover, RPS15A knockdown increased the caspase-3/-7 activity, and suppressed the phosphorylated levels of ERK1/2, Bad, and Chk1 (all P < .01). CONCLUSION RPS15A inhibits apoptosis via upregulating phosphorylated ERK1/2, Bad, and Chk1 in MDA-MB-231 cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingsuo Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of life Sciences and Medicine, West district of The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of life Sciences and Medicine, West district of The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xianwen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lanren Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Division of life Sciences and Medicine, West district of The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Qilu Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
El Dika I, Ilson DH. Current and future therapies for targeting HER2 mutations in gastrointestinal cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2018; 18:1085-1092. [PMID: 30092682 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2018.1510324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers altogether represent the most common cancer type. HER2 is found to be present in nearly all histologic types of GI cancers in variable degrees of expression. Over the last decade, substantial advances have been made in targeting HER2-positive cancers. Areas covered: The present review summarizes the current progress and future directions for HER2 targeted therapies in GI cancers, including esophagogastric, pancreaticobiliary, and colon cancers. To date trastuzumab is the only anti-HER2 therapy approved for metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. Efforts are ongoing to expand the therapeutic role of HER2 to other GI cancers and overcome mechanisms of drug resistance. Novel agents and combinations are being tested in most HER2 positive GI cancers including early stage disease. These are of recent interest in colorectal cancer with studies indicating that HER2 overexpression might increase resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and may be potentially targeted. Expert commentary: With the current ability to sequence tumors and detect genetic alterations, emphasis should be put on genomically-selected pan-tumor targeted therapies. HER2 is a perfect example of a promising drug target in GI cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imane El Dika
- a Department of Medicine , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA
| | - David H Ilson
- a Department of Medicine , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA.,b Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lu G, Wang X, Wang Y, Cheng Z, Zhou L. Value of CagA, HER2, ALDH1, and KiSS-1 in predicting metastasis and prognosis for gastric adenocarcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:3628-3637. [PMID: 31949743 PMCID: PMC6962848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), is able to translocate into gastric epithelial cells. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (also named as HER2, is a proto-oncogene which can encode a transmembrane receptor), Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1, a biomarker of cancer stem cells), and KiSS-1 (a suppressor gene of cancer metastasis) are all valuably predictive biomarkers for various human cancers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the associations among CagA, HER2, ALDH1, and KiSS-1 in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), and their respective associations with clinical characteristics and survival in GAC. METHODS The expression of CagA, HER2, ALDH1, and KiSS-1 in 232 cases of whole GAC tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Patient clinical and survival data were also collected. RESULTS Positive expression of CagA, HER2, and ALDH1 is significantly higher, and positive expression of KiSS-1 is significantly lower, in GAC tissues than in the corresponding normal tissues. Furthermore, the positive expression of CagA, HER2, ALDH1, and KiSS-1 were significantly associated with tumor grade, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis (LNM) stage, and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages, and with patients' overall survival (OS); whereas the KiSS-1 positive group had longer OS than did the KiSS-1 negative group. In logistic analysis, positive expression of CagA, HER2, ALDH1, and KiSS-1 are significantly associated with LNM of patients with GAC. COX regression analysis indicated that positive expression of CagA, HER2, ALDH1, and KiSS-1, and tumor stages, LNM stages, and TNM stages were independent prognostic factors for patients with GAC. CONCLUSIONS Expression of CagA, HER2, ALDH1, and KiSS-1 should be considered as promising biomarkers for metastasis and prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets for GAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Lu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
| | - Zenong Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui, China
| |
Collapse
|