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Parrey MUR, Abdul-Latif MM, Alruwaili SMM, Alshammari KHS, Alsayer RIA, Alanazi NKJ, Abd El Mawgod MM. Public Awareness of Common Age-Related Eye Diseases in Northern Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2024; 16:e56841. [PMID: 38654807 PMCID: PMC11036021 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Visual impairment and blindness pose substantial public health challenges in Saudi Arabia, especially among the elderly susceptible to blinding eye diseases. Assessing awareness of age-related eye diseases (AREDs) is vital for addressing vision loss in this demographic. However, there is a lack of research on ARED awareness in Northern Saudi Arabia, underscoring the need for evidence-based data from adult populations to craft effective health promotion strategies. METHODS This population-based descriptive survey was conducted on 411 Saudi adults aged 18-70 residing in Arar City, Saudi Arabia, over six months from September 2023. Random sampling was employed, and awareness levels were assessed using a pre-designed questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 20.0; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). RESULTS Among the 411 participants, 225 (54.7%) were aged 18-29 years, 312 (76%) were females, and 299 (72.6%) held a bachelor's degree or diploma. Regarding awareness, 71.3% knew about cataracts, but nearly half erroneously believed it could be treated solely medically. For diabetic retinopathy (DR), 366 (89%) recognized lifestyle modifications, and 378 (92%) understood screening as preventive measures. Most participants understood prevention methods for all four diseases, but misconceptions about treatment options were observed. Awareness of glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) was lower. No significant age-related differences were found in awareness, except for cataracts (P = 0.001). Education significantly influenced awareness of cataracts, DR, and glaucoma (P = 0.001, 0.013, and 0.008, respectively), but not ARMD (P = 0.606). The study found that the internet is the primary source of information on AREDs for most participants, except for cataracts, where friends and relatives are prominent. CONCLUSION The study reveals varying awareness levels of AREDs among Saudi adults. Although most participants understood preventive measures, misconceptions about treatment underscore the need for accurate education channels. Healthcare professionals must ensure information reliability to effectively combat misinformation and enhance awareness of AREDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maha M Abdul-Latif
- Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
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Terheyden JH, Fink DJ, Mercieca K, Wintergerst MWM, Holz FG, Finger RP. Knowledge about age-related eye diseases in the general population in Germany. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:409. [PMID: 38331775 PMCID: PMC10851458 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17889-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With a rising prevalence of age-related eye diseases, prevention and early diagnosis of these conditions are key goals of public eye health. Disease-related knowledge in the general public supports these goals but there is little data available. Thus, we have assessed knowledge of cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic eye disease in the German adult general population in a cross-sectional study and identified target groups for health education interventions. METHODS Knowledge assessment content was identified based on a literature review, expert input, and a list of items was generated after a qualitative selection process. The resulting 16-item instrument (4 items per condition) was administered to 1,008 participants from a survey panel, demographically representative of the adult German population. Test properties were evaluated based on a Rasch model and multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). Binary-logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate associations with age, sex, education level, employment status, marital status, income, reported health status, visual difficulties, and recent general practitioner (GP) and ophthalmologist consultations. RESULTS Replies were correct for a median of 9 out of 16 (range 2 - 16) items, which differed between conditions (p < 0.0001). Most responses were correct for cataract items (median: 3 / 4) and least were correct for AMD items (median: 2 / 4). 27%, 9%, 1% and 19% of respondents replied correctly to all cataract, glaucoma, AMD and diabetic eye disease-related items, respectively. Rasch analysis suggested an adequate targeting of items and in MCA, no evidence of multidimensionality was present. Older age, being retired, decreased general health and recent GP or ophthalmology consultations were significantly associated with more knowledge about common eye conditions (p ≤ 0.005). GP or ophthalmology consultations remained significant in a multivariable model (p ≤ 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Knowledge gaps regarding eye health are considerable in the German general population and should therefore be addressed in educational interventions targeting the public. Special attention when designing such campaigns needs to be paid to infrequent users of the healthcare system. Knowledge of AMD seems to be poorer compared to other eye conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Henrik Terheyden
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, NRW, Germany.
| | - David J Fink
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, NRW, Germany
| | - Karl Mercieca
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, NRW, Germany
| | | | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, NRW, Germany
| | - Robert P Finger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, NRW, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Mannheim & Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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AlSomali AI, Alsaad MA, Alshammary AA, Al-Omair AM, Alqahtani RM, Almalki AS, Alhejji AE, Alqahtani WY. Awareness About Dry Eye Symptoms and Risk Factors Among Eastern Province Population in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e48197. [PMID: 38050502 PMCID: PMC10693670 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dry eye syndrome (DES), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), is a common cause of patient's visits to the ophthalmologist. It is characterized by a defect in the tear film homeostasis, symptoms of ocular discomfort, and visual disturbance. Also, it increases the risk of ocular surface damage if complicated by tear film hyperosmolarity and ocular surface inflammation. The present study aims to measure awareness about dry eye disease and the risk factors among the Eastern region population in Saudi Arabia via an online questionnaire. Methods This is a cross-sectional community-based study conducted in Saudi Arabia that assessed knowledge and awareness of dry eye among the eastern province population using a self-administered online questionnaire. The minimum sample size was 385 adults. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY), and participants' overall awareness level was evaluated based on correct answers. Results In this study, a total of 522 participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria completed the study questionnaire. Participants ranged from 18 to 65 years, with a mean age of 27.2 ± 14.6 years old. Females represented a higher percentage of the sample, 341 (65.3%). Public awareness regarding dry eye diseases in the Eastern region, Saudi Arabia of 149 participants (28.5%) is overall a good awareness level while 373 (71.5%) of them had poor awareness. Conclusion Participants showed unsatisfactory results in awareness of risk factors of dry eye symptoms, where the most reported causes were prolonged concentration while using electronic devices, climatic factors, and lacrimal gland disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ali E Alhejji
- Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
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Morya RE, Alamoudi A, Ghaddaf AA, Taher NO, Almansour A, Alnahdi WA, Alghamdi S. Public awareness about glaucoma, cataract, and diabetic retinopathy in Saudi Arabia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:3853-3890. [PMID: 37314586 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the public level of knowledge about the common ophthalmological conditions in Saudi Arabia. METHODS We searched Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL for relevant literature. We included questionnaire-based cross-sectional studies performed in Saudi Arabia assessing the public awareness and attitude about general knowledge, causes/risk factors, signs/symptoms, disabilities/consequences, and relieving/management measures of the common ophthalmological conditions including glaucoma, cataract, and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The meta-analysis was performed on outcomes reported in ≥ 2 studies utilizing the random-effects model. Quality assessment was done using the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) tool. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in this review. A total of 72 questions were reported in ≥ 2 studies and were included in the meta-analysis. The total number of participants was 14,408. The meta-analysis estimated that 57.63% (95% confidence interval (CI) 56.87-60.07%), 69.90% (95% CI 67.02-76.07%), and 68.65% (95% CI 65.94-71.23%) of the Saudi public have you ever heard or read about glaucoma, cataract, and DR, respectively. Of the public surveyed in the included studies, 43.68% (95% CI 41.54-45.85%), 55.43% (95% CI 54.03-56.82%), and 63% (95% CI 60.8-65.1%) believed that glaucoma, cataract, and DR could be treated. CONCLUSION This systematic review showed that the level of knowledge among the Saudi population about the common ophthalmological conditions was the highest with respect to cataract, followed by DR and glaucoma. The areas of unsatisfactory level of awareness about the common ophthalmological conditions included risk factors, signs/symptoms, complications, and management options. These areas need to be addressed appropriately by future educational interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roaa E Morya
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Alamoudi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Ghaddaf
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nada Omar Taher
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Almansour
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wejdan A Alnahdi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Almazroa A, Almatar H, Alduhayan R, Albalawi M, Alghamdi M, Alhoshan S, Alamri S, Alkanhal N, Alsiwat YJ, Alrabiah S, Aldrgham M, AlSaleh AA, Alsanad HA, Alsomaie B. The Patients' Perspective for the Impact of Late Detection of Ocular Diseases on Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study. CLINICAL OPTOMETRY 2023; 15:191-204. [PMID: 37719025 PMCID: PMC10503557 DOI: 10.2147/opto.s422451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Late detection of ocular diseases negatively affects patients' quality of life (QoL), encompassing health status, psychological, financial, and social aspects. However, the early detection of eye conditions leads to rapid intervention and avoiding complications, thus preserving the QoL. This study assessed the impact of ocular diseases late detection on patients' QoL at multi-eye clinics based on questionnaire responses. Methods We developed an original Arabic-English questionnaire to assess the QoL of patients with ocular diseases referred from primary and secondary healthcare centers to tertiary hospitals. It covered preliminary data, patient perspectives on having lately detected ocular disease and treatment costs, and the impact of late detection on finances, social life, psychology, health status, and awareness of current initiatives. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the associations between patient perspectives on having ocular diseases detected at a late stage and its impact on different domains. Multivariate logistic regression was applied with impact types of health status, psychological, financial, and social (dependent variables) and age, income levels, and hospital type (independent variables). Results Three hundred and eighty-eight responded, with 50% experiencing psychological effects, 27% health issues, 23% social impacts, and 23% financial burdens. Two hundred seventeen patients (56%) reported having ocular condition detected in late stage. Logistic regression analysis showed positive association with health status, social well-being, and financial effects (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed pronounced effects in patients ≤ 50 years, with income \< 5000 SAR, and those visiting private clinics (p < 0.05). The social impact was greater in patients visiting private hospitals. Ninety percent of all patients emphasized the importance of increasing awareness for better QoL. Conclusion Significant associations were found between the late detection of eye diseases and their impact on QoL. Therefore, early detection and increasing patients' awareness of ocular diseases and treatment are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Almazroa
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hessa Almatar
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema Alduhayan
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maram Albalawi
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Alghamdi
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saja Alhoshan
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhailah Alamri
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah Alkanhal
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara J Alsiwat
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alrabiah
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Aldrgham
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Princess Nourah Bint AbdulRahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hessa Abdulrahman Alsanad
- Department of Social Planning, College of Social Work, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Barrak Alsomaie
- Department of Imaging Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Kamińska A, Pinkas J, Wrześniewska-Wal I, Ostrowski J, Jankowski M. Awareness of Common Eye Diseases and Their Risk Factors-A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey among Adults in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3594. [PMID: 36834287 PMCID: PMC9959450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Public knowledge and awareness of eye diseases may influence individuals' behaviors toward the use of eye care services and prevention methods. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness of common eye diseases and their risk factors among adults in Poland as well as to identify factors associated with knowledge of eye diseases. This nationwide cross-sectional web-based survey was carried out in December 2022 on a representative sample of 1076 adults in Poland. Most of the respondents had heard of cataracts (83.6%), glaucoma (80.7%), conjunctivitis (74.3%), and hordeolum (73.8%). Awareness of dry eye syndrome was declared by 50% of respondents, and 40% were aware of retinal detachment. Among the respondents, 32.3% had heard of AMD, and 16.4% had heard of diabetic retinopathy. A lack of awareness of glaucoma was declared by 38.1% of respondents, and 54.3% declared a lack of awareness of risk factors for AMD. Gender, age, and the presence of chronic diseases were the most important factors (p < 0.05) associated with awareness of common eye diseases and risk factors for glaucoma and AMD. This study demonstrated a low level of awareness of common eye diseases among adults in Poland. Personalized communication on eye diseases is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kamińska
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Pinkas
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Wrześniewska-Wal
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Ostrowski
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Jankowski
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland
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Awareness and knowledge of glaucoma among visitors of main public hospitals in Damascus, Syria: a cross-sectional study. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:17. [PMID: 36627615 PMCID: PMC9830819 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main way to prevent blindness from Glaucoma is by early detection and diagnosis; and to do so the awareness must be raised among people where Glaucoma is defined as an acquired chronic optic neuropathy characterized by optic disk cupping and visual field loss. Lack of knowledge about this disease is one of the most important reasons that made it develop to advanced stages. Based on that, we conducted scientific research to assess peoples' awareness and knowledge about Glaucoma. After reviewing the literature, it was found that this study is the first in Syria. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in May 2022. The study included participants, who are above 20 years old, from visitors of Al-Mouwasat University Hospital in Damascus, Syria. During one week, Data was gathered according to the questionnaire, which was presented through face-to-face interviews with participants. We have allocated one point (1) to each question. Three levels of knowledge were adopted, namely; weak level from (0) to (3), average level from (4) to (7) and good level from (8) to (11). Associations between participants' demographic and other details were tested using Chi-square test and other tests, and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 500 participants were interviewed. For awareness of Glaucoma, 33.6% of the participants (n = 168) had heard of Glaucoma, and 66.4% hadn't (n = 332). Mean test results for the knowledge of Glaucoma was 1.62 out of 11, and only 8% of participants (n = 40) had a good knowledge of Glaucoma. Education Level, governorate, and department of hospital that the patient came for significantly affected the knowledge of Glaucoma. Moreover, hospital, Ophthalmologists' Clinics, and health staff (M = 5.45) were the better Resource for information than family, relatives, and friends (M = 3.16). Finally, social media and the Internet group had the lowest mean test results (M = 1.23). These test results were significant, with a p-value < 0.001. CONCLUSION The percentage of knowledge and awareness was significantly low. Organized community awareness methods must disseminate more ability to increase the general public's understanding to avoid injury and late diagnosis of Glaucoma.
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Guan H, Xue J, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Du K, Yang J. Factors influencing cataract awareness and treatment attitudes among the middle-aged and older in western China's rural areas. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1045336. [PMID: 36684991 PMCID: PMC9845873 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1045336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to determine the level of knowledge about cataracts and the associated factors among adults aged 50 and above in rural areas of Qingcheng county in Gansu Province of Western China, 2020. Methods A large community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the randomly selected 1,503 adults aged 50 and above from October to December 2020. Data were collected by conducting eye examinations and face-to-face interviews. Multivariate binary logistic regression and multivariate linear regression were used to identify associated factors of knowledge about cataracts. Odds Ratio (OR), Coefficient (C), and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were reported to declare the statistical associations between knowledge about cataracts and the independent variables. Results Of the 1,503 study participants, 1,078 (71.7%) had good knowledge about cataracts. The primary school completed [OR = 1.43 (95% CI 1.08-1.90), P = 0.012], Secondary school & above [OR = 2.69 (95% CI 1.86-3.89), P <0.001], Examine for cataract [OR = 1.82 (95%CI 1.27-2.62), P = 0.001] were positively significantly associated with knowledge about cataracts. Whereas eye examinations [OR = 0.73(95% CI 0.55-0.96), P = 0.022] were negatively associated with knowledge about cataracts. Multivariate linear regression analyses showed a significant negative correlation between age and knowledge of cataract treatment options. Living with at least one child was positively correlated with knowledge of the therapeutic effects of cataracts. And monthly household income was significantly positively correlated with knowledge of the therapeutic effects of cataracts, treatment options, and the surgical reimbursement ratio for cataracts. Conclusions More than one-third of the participants still had poor knowledge about cataracts. The respondents with at least primary education and above, with previous examinations, and with examination for cataracts had significant associations with good knowledge about cataracts. So, it is recommended that stakeholders in different hierarchies organize health education by considering the education level of the community, focusing on cataract treatment knowledge and the surgical reimbursement ratio to improve cataract surgery rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Guan
- Center for Experimental Economics in Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Center for Experimental Economics in Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuxiu Ding
- Center for Experimental Economics in Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- Center for Experimental Economics in Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kang Du
- College of Economics, Xi'an University of Finance and Economics, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Center for Experimental Economics in Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Muhsen S, Al-Huneidy L, Maaita W, AlQirem L, Madain Z, Sweis J, Abu Tawileh R, Al-Huneidy Y, Alkhatib A, Al-Ani A. Predictors of glaucoma knowledge and its risk factors among Jordanian patients with primary open angle glaucoma at a tertiary teaching hospital: A cross-sectional survey. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285405. [PMID: 37200307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF STUDY To assess and compare glaucoma knowledge between Jordanian patients with glaucoma and non-glaucoma ophthalmic patients. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was developed after an extensive literature search to investigate glaucoma-related knowledge among participants with glaucoma visiting the Jordan University Hospital clinics from October 2021 to February 2022. Responses were compared to a sample of ophthalmic participants with eye conditions other than glaucoma visiting the ophthalmology clinics at the same time frame. RESULTS A total of 256 participants filled out the survey, of which 53.1% were diagnosed with glaucoma while 46.9% had ophthalmic conditions other than glaucoma. Our sample of participants is characterized by a mean age of 52.2 ± 17.8 years and a male-to-female ratio of 1.04:1. Overall, participants with glaucoma were more aware of their disease than participants with other ophthalmic conditions. Compared to their ophthalmic non-glaucoma counterparts, those diagnosed with glaucoma face significantly more daily life difficulties due to their ophthalmic disease (p <0.001). Results of the independent sample t-test demonstrate that participants with glaucoma have significantly higher knowledge scores (p <0.001) and were able to recognize more glaucoma symptoms than their non-glaucoma counterparts (p = 0.002). Similarly, those with a positive family history of glaucoma displayed higher knowledge (p = 0.005). Multivariate linear regression demonstrates that family history of glaucoma, higher symptom recognition score, reliance on ophthalmologists, and the internet for glaucoma-related information are positive predictors of higher knowledge scores. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated that both glaucoma and non-glaucoma ophthalmic patients display average levels of glaucoma knowledge. Raising awareness through various interventions may improve the lifestyles of patients with glaucoma and alleviate the economic burden associated with treating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana' Muhsen
- Special Surgery Department/Ophthalmology Division, School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Ward Maaita
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Lina AlQirem
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zaid Madain
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jaleel Sweis
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | | | - Amro Alkhatib
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Al-Ani
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
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Spafford MM, Jones DA, Christian LW, Labreche T, Furtado NM, MacIver S, Irving EL. What the Canadian public (mis)understands about eyes and eye care. Clin Exp Optom 2023; 106:75-84. [PMID: 34875204 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2021.2008793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Inadequate public knowledge about eyes and eye care poses avoidable risks to vision-related quality of life. BACKGROUND This study of eye care knowledge among Canadians extends earlier findings from focus groups. METHODS Perceptions about eyes and eye care were sought using a 21-item online survey and snowball sampling. Inclusion criteria were living in Canada and being at least 18-years old; eye care professionals and staff were excluded. Response frequencies were converted to percentages, with eye condition items analysed according to 'expected' or 'unexpected' eye impacts. Proportions selecting these impacts or 'unsure' were determined. RESULTS There were 424 respondents: 83.0% aged 20-65 years and 69.6% female. Mismatches existed between perceived recommendations and behaviours for booking eye exams: within two years (86.7% vs. 68.4%) and symptom-driven (3.3% vs. 13.0%). First eye exams after age one year were deemed appropriate by 43.6%. Few respondents associated glaucoma with no symptoms (6.0%) or amblyopia with blurred vision (13.5%). A notable proportion incorrectly related tunnel vision with age-related macular degeneration (AMD, 36.8%) and cataract (21.9%). Identifying all 'expected' responses was unlikely for glaucoma (1.9%), amblyopia (6.7%), and cataract (12.0%). Most respondents identified no 'expected' effects for glaucoma (63.8%) and AMD (46.2%) and some 'expected' effects for cataract (59.5%) and amblyopia (72.6%). Selecting 'unsure' was 9-10 times more common among respondents choosing no 'expected' impacts than those choosing some. Awareness of thyroid-associated eye disease was lowest (32.4%) of seven conditions. Respondents were most likely to consult optometrists for routine eye exams, eye disease, diabetes eye checks and blurred vision but family physicians for red eyes and sore eyes. Respondents typically paid for their eye exams and eyewear but wanted government to pay. CONCLUSION Vision-threatening knowledge gaps and misinformation about eyes and eye care among Canadian respondents highlight the need for accessible, targeted public education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlee M Spafford
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah A Jones
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa W Christian
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tammy Labreche
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadine M Furtado
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah MacIver
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth L Irving
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Knowledge and Awareness of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy among Patients Seeking Eye Care Services in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. J Ophthalmol 2022; 2022:7674928. [PMID: 35692965 PMCID: PMC9177315 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7674928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To assess the knowledge and awareness of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy among ophthalmic patients in Madang. Materials and Methods. This was a hospital-based study conducted at Madang Provincial Hospital Eye Clinic in Papua New Guinea. The study included all patients who visited the facility during the period of the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the patients’ demographics and their knowledge and awareness about diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Results. A total of 203 (97.6%) patients consented and participated in the study out of 208 patients who were approached. The age of participants ranged from 19 to 78 years with a median (IQR) of 41 (53–29) years. 107 (52.7%) were female participants. A majority of the participants (62.6%) had at least secondary education. A few of the participants (3.9%) had known diabetes, and 134 (66%) had no relatives or friends with diabetes. A total of 145 (71.4%) participants knew that diabetes can affect the eye. Most of the participants (93.6%) checked their eyes only when their vision was affected, 161 (79.3%) agreed that regular eye checks are necessary, and more than half (54.2%) knew that diabetes can lead to blindness. Age, gender, level of education, and whether a participant or participant’s friends and relatives had been diagnosed with diabetes were significantly associated with the knowledge and awareness of participants about diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion. A majority of the participants had good knowledge of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Health education and promotion will also help increase the awareness of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in the country.
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Alsaedi MG, Alhujaili HO, Fairaq GS, Alwdaan SA, Alwadan RA. Emergent Ophthalmic Disease Knowledge among Non-Ophthalmologist Healthcare Professionals in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: Cross-Sectional Study. Open Ophthalmol J 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/18743641-v16-e2203160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Patients with emergent ophthalmic diseases are likely to be examined by healthcare providers before an ophthalmologist, so it is essential that nonspecialists have adequate knowledge for recognition and preliminary diagnosis.
Objectives:
To assess knowledge of retinal detachment, acute angle-closure glaucoma, temporal arteritis, and central retinal artery occlusion among non-ophthalmologist healthcare professionals.
Methods:
We conducted an observational cross-sectional study of 351 healthcare workers, including medical residents, nurses, pharmacists, and optometrists, in western Saudi Arabia using a self-report questionnaire.
Results:
Total knowledge scores were 75.21% for retinal detachment and 74.9% for acute angle-closure glaucoma, but only 44.15% for temporal arteritis and 41.88% for central retinal artery occlusion. Stepwise logistic regression revealed that level of education was the most significant factor influencing knowledge of different eye diseases.
Conclusion:
Ophthalmologists are encouraged to promote greater awareness and provide other healthcare professionals with the knowledge required to recognize emergent eye diseases for early detection.
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Mastropasqua L, D’Aloisio R, Mastrocola A, Perna F, Cerino L, Cerbara L, Cruciani F, Toto L. Epidemiological Surveillance of Eye Disease and People Awareness in the Abruzzo Region, Italy. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2021; 57:medicina57090978. [PMID: 34577901 PMCID: PMC8465192 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Vision impairments and related blindness are major public health problems. The prevalence of eye disease and barriers to optimal care markedly vary among different geographic areas. In the Abruzzo region (central Italy), an epidemiological surveillance on the state of ocular health in the population aged over 50 years was performed in 2019. Materials and Methods: Participants were sampled to be representative of the region’s inhabitants. Data were collected through a telephone interview and an eye examination. Prevalence of cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, and maculopathy was assessed. The Cohen’s kappa (k) was used to measure the agreement between the presence of eye disease and awareness of the disease by the participants. Results: Overall, 983 people with a mean age of 66.0 ± 9.5 years were included in the study. The prevalence of cataracts, glaucoma, maculopathy, and retinopathy was 52.6%, 5.3%, 5.6%, and 29.1%, respectively. Among the total of the affected people, those aware of their condition were 21.8% (k = 0.12, slight agreement) for cataract, 65.4% (k = 0.78, substantial agreement) for glaucoma, 7.1% (k = 0.10, slight agreement) for maculopathy, and 0% for retinopathy (k = −0.004, agreement lower than that expected by chance). Refractive defects were corrected in the vast majority of participants. Conclusion: In the Abruzzo region, about two thirds of citizens aged 50 years or over suffer from cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, or maculopathy, which are recognized as leading causes of blindness. Many people with eye disease do not know they have it. These data can be used by clinicians and policymakers to undertake clinical, political, and social actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Mastropasqua
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.T.)
| | - Rossella D’Aloisio
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alessandra Mastrocola
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.T.)
| | - Fabiana Perna
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.T.)
- Italian National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of the Visually Impaired-WHOCC, IAPB Italy Onlus-FPG IRCCS, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Luca Cerino
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.T.)
| | - Loredana Cerbara
- Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies, Italian National Research Council (CNR-IRPPS), 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Filippo Cruciani
- Italian National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of the Visually Impaired-WHOCC, IAPB Italy Onlus-FPG IRCCS, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Lisa Toto
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Ageing, University G. D’Annunzio Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.M.); (A.M.); (F.P.); (L.C.); (L.T.)
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Yusufu M, Bukhari J, Yu X, Lin TPH, Lam DSC, Wang N. Challenges in Eye Care in the Asia-Pacific Region. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2021; 10:423-429. [PMID: 34516436 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asia-Pacific region is home to a 4.3-billion population and one of the most rapidly aging regions. Addressing the eye care needs in the region would greatly boost the progress toward achieving universal eye health. Over 20 countries/regions have actively engaged in the "VISION 2020" initiative launched since 1999, and remarkable achievements have been witnessed as demonstrated by an increase in both the number and density of ophthalmologists in almost all countries. Nevertheless, formidable and emerging challenges are to be overcome in the coming century. From 1990 to 2015, the absolute number of blind people increased by 17.9%, largely due to population growth and aging. The Asia-Pacific region, the most populous continent with a rapidly aging population, would inevitably be left to tackle this challenge. Furthermore, a high prevalence of blinding eye diseases imposes great pressure on current eye care services, with South Asia having the highest age-standardized prevalence of moderate to severe visual impairment (17.5%) and mild vision impairment (12.2%) globally, and high-income countries having the highest overall prevalence of myopia, reaching 53.4% with East Asia having the second-highest overall prevalence (51.6%). Moreover, the availability of ophthalmic resources varies greatly in the region, with the density of ophthalmologists ranging from over 114 ophthalmologists per million population in Japan to 0 in Micronesia, and a highly disproportionate urban-rural distribution. This article aims to shed light on challenges faced by the Asia-Pacific ophthalmic community and propose corresponding strategies to tackle those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayinuer Yusufu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, China
| | - Javaria Bukhari
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobin Yu
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, China
| | - Timothy P H Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis S C Lam
- C-MER (Shenzhen) Dennis Lam Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- C-MER International Eye Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, China
- Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Lupón M, Cardona G, Armayones M. Public knowledge of low vision and blindness, and readability of on-topic online information. JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY 2021; 14:240-246. [PMID: 32773209 PMCID: PMC8258127 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the laymen knowledge of low vision and blindness concepts, and to assess the readability of some on-topic information available online. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed in March 2019. Knowledge was evaluated by means of an ad hoc questionnaire-survey with two dichotomous questions about concepts related to low vision and blindness, followed with a list of 10 true-or-false statements. Readability of two on-topic online texts of different complexity was evaluated asking participants to rate the difficulty they experienced on a Likert scale and, objectively, by means of the freeware INFLESZ Readability Scale for Spanish language. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA test (statistical significance: p < 0.05). RESULTS Fifty-two percent of 103 participants declared never having heard of low vision. Ninety-four percent participants were aware about the word blindness, although most of them misinterpreted it. Neither academic level nor age influenced knowledge (p > 0,05). Higher academic level was related to better readability scores of the complex online text (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Overall, the general public has a limited awareness of low vision and a large misconception of blindness. Therefore, visual health education actions should aim at fostering knowledge and literacy on the issue. This strategy may encourage individuals to seek the advice of eye care providers in order to prevent and treat visual impairment, with relevant consequences in time, both in terms of quality of life and costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lupón
- Psychology, Health & ICT (PSINET), Open University of Catalonia, Rambla del Poblenou 156, 08018, Barcelona, Spain; Vision, Optometry and Health (VOS) - Department of Optics and Optometry, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Violinista Vellsolà 37, 08022, Terrassa, Spain.
| | - Genís Cardona
- Vision, Optometry and Health (VOS) - Department of Optics and Optometry, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Violinista Vellsolà 37, 08022, Terrassa, Spain.
| | - Manuel Armayones
- e-Health Center, Open University of Catalonia, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018, Barcelona, Spain.
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Hung N, Kang EYC, Lee TW, Chen TH, Shyu YC, Sun CC. The Risks of Corneal Surface Damage in Aqueous-Deficient Dry Eye Disease: A 17-Year Population-Based Study in Taiwan. Am J Ophthalmol 2021; 227:231-239. [PMID: 33773981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics and risk of corneal surface damage in patients with aqueous-deficient dry eye disease (DED) in Taiwan. DESIGN Retrospective, population-based cohort study. METHODS We used claims data in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 1997 to 2013 of patients with DED, defined according to diagnoses, drug codes, and clinical follow-up. A comparison cohort without DED was selected through propensity score matching. The main outcome measures were corneal surface damage, including corneal erosion, corneal ulcers, or corneal scars. RESULTS Patients with DED had a significantly higher rate of corneal surface damage (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.38-3.06, P < .001), especially higher in patients aged <18 years (HR 6.66; 95% CI 3.58-12.41) than in older patients and in women (HR 2.98; 95% CI 2.57-3.46) than in men (HR 2.22; 95% CI 1.78-2.77), compared to those in the non-DED cohort. DED with diabetes mellitus (P = .002), rheumatoid arthritis (P = .029), or systemic lupus erythematosus (P = .005) was positively associated with corneal surface damage. The overall prevalence of DED was 7.85%, higher among women (10.49%) than men (4.92%), and increased with age (0.53%, 3.94%, 10.08%, and 20.72% for ages <18, 18-39, 40-64, and >65 years, respectively). The prevalence increased gradually during the study period. CONCLUSIONS The younger age group (<18 years) had the highest risk of corneal surface damage in aqueous-deficient DED. Other predisposing factors included female sex, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. To improve clinical care, special attention is required for patients with DED with these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Hung
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tay-Wey Lee
- Biostatistical Consultation Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Hsing Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiau Shyu
- Community Medicine Research Center, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chin Sun
- Biostatistical Consultation Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Alshammari F, Shaikh S, Hussain A, Alafnan A, Almuzaini I, Alshammari B. Public Awareness of Common Eye Diseases and the Role of Pharmacists in Raising This Awareness in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9060692. [PMID: 34201117 PMCID: PMC8226453 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of common eye disorders and their prevention and treatment can play an essential role in reducing the visual impairment burden. A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted from 15 November 2020 to 15 January 2021 to estimate the knowledge and awareness about common eye problems and their possible risk factors among the general population of the Hail Region, Saudi Arabia. The study also investigated the participants’ sources of information about eye diseases. Participants from various areas of the Hail Region were randomly selected. There were four parts in the questionnaire based upon the general awareness about the common eye diseases, participants’ knowledge and awareness of risk factors associated with eye disorders, awareness of treatment and prevention of various eye disorders, and the participants’ sources of information about ocular diseases. The questionnaire was distributed to the participants by direct contact with them at eye clinics, hospitals, malls, and markets. The number of participants in the survey was 400 people, 53.8% males and 46.3% females. Cataracts were known to 31% of the participants, 43% knew about glaucoma, 66% knew about dry eyes, and 44% knew about diabetic retinopathy. Overall, 46% of the participants knew about eye problems, and the male participants had better knowledge about eye problems than the female ones. The primary sources of information about the common eye diseases were pharmacists (43.3%), family physicians (40.3%), the Internet (37.3%), the community (37.3%), television and radio (9.3%), and books/ brochures (9.5%). In the Hail Region, the general public carries a moderate awareness of preventable vision-threatening ocular disorders. However, the awareness of cataracts and glaucoma was low. The gaps in awareness can be overcome by public health promotion. In offering information about eye conditions to the general public, pharmacists may play a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Alshammari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sameer Shaikh
- Divisions of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Medicine, Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-530-935-057
| | - Arshad Hussain
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (I.A.)
| | - Ahmed Alafnan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ibrahim Almuzaini
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.H.); (I.A.)
| | - Bushra Alshammari
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail 2440, Saudi Arabia;
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Aljarousha MA, Badarudin NE, Che Azemin MZ, Aljeesh Y, Abuimara A. A systematic review on prevalence, risk factors, clinical diagnosis and medical management of dry eye disease in the Arab population. AFRICAN VISION AND EYE HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.4102/aveh.v80i1.591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Hosseini SS, Shamsi M, Khorsandi M, Moradzadeh R. The effect of educational program based on theory of planned behavior on promoting retinopathy preventive behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes: RCT. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:17. [PMID: 33446157 PMCID: PMC7809809 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and it is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among patients with diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational program based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on promoting retinopathy preventive behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The present study is an educational randomized controlled trial research that was conducted on 94 patients with type 2 diabetes who had gone to diabetes clinic. The samples were randomly assigned to the intervention (N = 47) and control groups (N = 47). Data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire based on TPB and FBS and HbA1C tests. Then, educational program was performed for the intervention group through four educational sessions. After 3 months, data collection was repeated for the two groups and FBS, HbA1C testes were done again and data were analyzed. RESULTS The performance of the intervention group on preventive behaviors of retinopathy increased from 2.48 ± 1.42 to 4.48 45 1.45 after the education (p < 0.001). The mean of FBS and HbA1c in the intervention group also decreased after the intervention (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Applying the TPB model proved is very effective in developing an educational program for patients with diabetes, to control their blood sugar and enhance preventive behaviors of retinopathy. Besides such programs, follow-up education for controlling and monitoring are highly recommended. This theory serves as a helpful theoretical framework for health-related behaviors and can be an appropriate pattern to plan for educational interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has been registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20180819040834N1 . Prospectively registered 8 Apr 2019, https://en.irct.ir/trial/38401.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Shahriar Hosseini
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mohsen Shamsi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Khorsandi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Rahmatollah Moradzadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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Al-latayfeh M, Shatnawi R, Al Shdaifat AA. Attitudes and Awareness Towards Diabetic Retinopathy Among Patients with Diabetes in Amman, Jordan. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:1425-1430. [PMID: 33814919 PMCID: PMC8009339 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s302554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the attitudes and awareness about the development of retinopathy among the patients suffering from diabetes in Amman, Jordan. METHODS A questionnaire was distributed among patients with diabetes visiting internal medicine and endocrinology clinics in a tertiary hospital, in addition to a primary health care center in Amman. The questionnaire inquired about retinopathy awareness, history of screening for retinopathy, and awareness about retinopathy treatment. The patients were also asked about risk factors and preventive measures for diabetic retinopathy management. RESULTS A total of 303 patients were recruited in the study. Majority of the patients (77%) had their HbA1c levels tested at least once since diagnosis, and most of them (60%) do it regularly. However, 86% of patients reported an A1c >6.5%. Two thirds of patients are not aware about retinopathy being a recognized complication of diabetes. Lower level of education, female sex, younger age, and shorter duration of diabetes mellitus were associated with less awareness. CONCLUSION The study concluded that majority of patients with diabetes were aware of diabetes management. However, the sample population indicated less awareness of diabetic retinopathy. Hence, more educational efforts are needed to further boost patients' awareness about diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motasem Al-latayfeh
- Department of General and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
- Correspondence: Motasem Al-latayfeh The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 1134, Amman, 11947, Jordan Email
| | - Raed Shatnawi
- Department of General and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Amjad A Al Shdaifat
- Department of Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Abu Hassan DW, Alsibai BA, Alhouri AN, Alhajeh RY, Suleiman AA, Al Bdour MD. Awareness and knowledge about glaucoma among patients attending outpatient clinics of Jordan University Hospital. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2020; 34:284-289. [PMID: 34527873 PMCID: PMC8409364 DOI: 10.4103/1319-4534.322618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the level of awareness and knowledge about glaucoma among Jordanians and determine the relationship between glaucoma knowledge and selected variables. METHODS This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted at a central hospital. Face-to-face interviews were performed to obtain sociodemographic data and information about glaucoma from Jordanian participants attending different outpatient clinics of Jordan University Hospital (JUH). A convenient sample of 488 participants aged 16 years and above were recruited. Consent form was signed by each participant before starting the interview. RESULTS The mean age of the study population was 45.71 ± 15.44 years, ranging 16 to 89 years. There were 163 (33.4%) females and 325 (66.6%) males. 81.6% of participants had heard of glaucoma. Only 34.2% of participants defined glaucoma correctly. 52.4% of participants had a low level of knowledge about glaucoma. The main source of information was from family members, relatives, and friends (66.6%); however, this source inversely influenced the level of knowledge. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate a high level of awareness of glaucoma among Jordanians but low-to-average knowledge about it. Health education programs should be activated at all levels of health- and eye-care services to increase knowledge about glaucoma and prevent the irreversible loss of vision due to the second main cause of blindness worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diala W. Abu Hassan
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Bilal A. Alsibai
- Department of School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Reda Y. Alhajeh
- Department of School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A. Suleiman
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Muawyah D. Al Bdour
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan
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22
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Wong PW, Lau JK, Choy BN, Shih KC, Ng AL, Chan JC, Wong IY. Epidemiological factors associated with health knowledge of three common eye diseases: A community-based pilot survey in Hong Kong. SAGE Open Med 2020; 8:2050312120943044. [PMID: 32733677 PMCID: PMC7372619 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120943044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the proportions of respondents in the general community having heard or awareness, and their knowledge level, of three common eye diseases: age-related macular degeneration, cataract, and glaucoma. We also attempted to assess for risk factors that may be associated with any variations, which will help identify the areas of inadequate knowledge and demographics of potential audiences for focused health education. Methods We conducted a community-based pilot survey for the residents from a southern suburb of Hong Kong in early 2016, by inviting all aged 50 or above to complete a standardized questionnaire in the local community hall. Results Most of the 222 respondents have heard, or awareness, of cataract (92.79% or 81.98%, respectively), followed by glaucoma (86.94% or 52.70%, respectively), and age-related macular degeneration (51.35% or 29.28%, respectively). The results of Cronbach's alpha (α > 0.7) and Spearman's correlation coefficient (p < 0.01) suggested that the internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validities of the questionnaire were acceptable for the study population. Compared to a previous Hong Kong survey in 2002, the proportions of having heard of the three eye diseases were greater, but the overall knowledge remained limited. From a maximum knowledge score of 29, the median scores for age-related macular degeneration, cataract, and glaucoma were 9, 13, and 14, respectively. Except for the treatment of cataract, the knowledge level in most areas was low. Sociodemographic factors and medical history, rather than behavioral factors, were more likely to be associated with having a higher knowledge level. Subjects with family or friends with a history of glaucoma or age-related macular degeneration were more aware and knowledgeable, but not for subjects who were current and past smokers or alcohol drinkers. For age-related macular degeneration, gender modified the effect between age and knowledge level, while age was a confounder of having medical history, and having heard or awareness, of the disease. Conclusion Despite a larger proportion of the community having heard or awareness since 15 years ago, much effort remains for improving health knowledge of these three eye diseases in Hong Kong. We recommend targeting respondents with higher lifestyle risks, such as current and past smokers or alcohol drinkers, as a focused audience, and utilizing family members, relatives, or friends as another way of distributing health information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perseus Wf Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, L.K.S. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jordy Kp Lau
- Department of Ophthalmology, L.K.S. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Bonnie Nk Choy
- Department of Ophthalmology, L.K.S. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kendrick C Shih
- Department of Ophthalmology, L.K.S. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alex Lk Ng
- Department of Ophthalmology, L.K.S. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,The Hong Kong Ophthalmic Associates, Hong Kong
| | - Jonathan Ch Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, L.K.S. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ian Yh Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, L.K.S. Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong
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Mahmood SUB, Zafar S, Hussain A, Iqbal Z. Children with strabismus: Is there psychological impact on mothers? Indian J Psychiatry 2019; 61:540-541. [PMID: 31579134 PMCID: PMC6767812 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_67_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sidra Zafar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Hussain
- Department of General Surgery, College of Medicine, Northern Borders University, Arar, Northern Borders, KSA
| | - Zafar Iqbal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince Abdulaziz Bin Musaad Hospital, Arar, Northern Borders, KSA
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