1
|
Pei XT, Wang SH, Qing GP, Yu XW, Shi Y, Yang WL, Wang NL, Fan ZG. Zonular instability-associated morphologic features in eyes with primary angle closure disease using the swept-source anterior segment - optical coherence tomography system. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:203. [PMID: 38684941 PMCID: PMC11059700 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the morphologic features of the crystalline lens in Primary Angle Closure Disease (PACD) patients with zonular instability during cataract surgery using the swept-source CASIA 2 Anterior Segment-Optical Coherence Tomography (AS-OCT) system. METHODS A total of 398 eyes (125 PACD eyes with zonular instability, 133 PACD eyes with zonular stability, and 140 cataract patient controls) of 398 patients who underwent cataract surgery combined or not glaucoma surgery between January 2021 and January 2023 were enrolled. The crystalline lens parameters were measured by CASIA2 AS-OCT. Then, logistic regression was performed to evaluate the risk factors associated with zonular instability. RESULTS The results revealed that PACD eyes had a more anterior lens equator position, a steeper anterior curvature of lens, shorter Axial Length (AL), shallower Anterior Chamber Distance (ACD), higher Lens Vault (LV) and thicker Lens Thickness (LT), when compared to eyes in the cataract control group. Furthermore, PACD eyes in the zonular instability group had steeper front R, front Rs and Front Rf, flatter back Rf, thicker lens anterior part thickness, higher lens anterior-to-posterior part thickness ratios, shallower ACD, and greater LV, when compared to PACD eyes with zonular stability. The logistic regression analysis, which was adjusted for age and gender, revealed that zonular instability was positively correlated with anterior part thickness, lens anterior-to-posterior part thickness ratio, and LV, but was negatively correlated with lens anterior radius and ACD. CONCLUSION Steeper anterior curvature, increased lens anterior part thickness, higher anterior-to-posterior part thickness ratio, shallower ACD, and greater LV are the anatomic features of PACD eyes associated with zonular instability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ting Pei
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Shu-Hua Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Guo-Ping Qing
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Yu
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Wen-Li Yang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ning-Li Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Fan
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen H, Ye L, Cheng L, Chen L, Lin J, Li Y, Ye D, Lu P, Huang J. Ocular Biometric Characteristics in Preoperative Diagnosis of Acute Angle Closure With and Without Zonular Laxity. J Glaucoma 2024; 33:195-205. [PMID: 37748092 PMCID: PMC10901222 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PRCIS Biometric parameters, including binocular difference of anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens vault (LV) in affected eyes, and binocular difference of the LV, had high efficiency in diagnosing acute angle closure (AAC) with zonular laxity. PURPOSE To investigate the ocular biometric characteristics of eyes with AAC with zonular laxity to further explore the sensitive parameters for preoperative diagnosis. METHODS This study included 50 patients with AAC with zonular laxity and 54 patients with AAC without zonular laxity. Demographic data, ocular examination results, and biometric parameters on ultrasound biomicroscopy images were compared between the affected and fellow eyes in 2 groups. Parameters significant in the multiple linear regression model were included in a regression equation and the diagnostic efficiency was evaluated by area under the curve. RESULTS In patients with AAC with zonular laxity, the binocular difference of central ACD, LV in affected eyes, and binocular difference of the LV were significantly larger than those in patients without zonular laxity respectively and these three parameters were all significant in multiple linear regression analysis (all P <0.001). The area under the curve of binocular difference of ACD, LV in affected eyes, and binocular difference of LV were 0.972, 0.796, and 0.855, respectively, with the cutoff values of 0.23, 1.28, and 0.19 mm. The regression equation containing these three parameters was: ln ( P /(1- P ))=-4.322 + 1.222 [LV in affected eyes (mm)] + 3.657 [binocular difference of LV (mm)] + 6.542 [binocular difference of ACD (mm)], with the accuracy of prediction reaching 94.05%. CONCLUSION Binocular difference of ACD, LV in affected eyes, and binocular difference of LV had high efficiency in diagnosing AAC with zonular laxity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou
| | - Litong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
| | - Lu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
| | - Liming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
| | - Jialiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
| | - Yangyunhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
| | - Dan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
| | - Peng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
- Research Center of Ophthalmic Diseases, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences & Department of Ophthalmology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang H, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Cao K, Li D, Liu M, Liang J, Song J, Wang N, Qiao C. Zonulopathy Identified During Cataract Extraction in Patients With Primary Angle Closure Disease. J Glaucoma 2023; 32:783-791. [PMID: 37311010 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PRCIS The proportion, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of zonulopathy in primary angle closure disease (PACD) were analyzed. Zonulopathy is an underrecognized common finding in PACD, especially in patients with acute angle closure (AAC). PURPOSE To examine the proportion and risk factors associated with intraoperative zonulopathy in PACD. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of 88 consecutive patients with PACD who underwent bilateral cataract extraction at Beijing Tongren Hospital from August 1, 2020 to August 1, 2022. Zonulopathy was diagnosed based on intraoperative findings including the presence of a lens equator, radial folds of the anterior capsule while making capsulorhexis, and other signs of the unstable capsular bag. The subjects were grouped based on their PACD subtype diagnoses: AAC, primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), primary angle closure (PAC), or primary angle closure suspect (PACS). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors associated with zonulopathy. The proportion and the risk factors of zonulopathy were estimated in patients with PACD and in PACD subtypes. RESULTS Of 88 patients with PACD (67.3 ± 6.9 y old, 19 males and 69 females), the overall proportion of zonulopathy was 45.5% of patients (40/88) and 30.1% of eyes (53/176). Among the PACD subtypes, the proportion of zonulopathy was highest (69.0%) in AAC, followed by 39.1% in PACG, and 15.3% in PAC and PACS combined. AAC was an independent risk factor associated with zonulopathy ( P = 0.015, AAC vs PACG, PAC, and PACS combined; odds ratio: 0.340, CI: 0.142-0.814). Shallower anterior chamber depth ( P = 0.031) and greater lens thickness ( P = 0.036), but not laser iridotomy, were associated with an increased proportion of zonulopathy. CONCLUSIONS Zonulopathy is common in PACD, especially in patients with AAC. Shallow anterior chamber depth and thick lens thickness were associated with an increased proportion of zonulopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Ye Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Kai Cao
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongjun Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Mugen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jing Liang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Jing Song
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Qiao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pan Y, Liu Z, Zhang H. Research progress of lens zonules. ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2023; 3:80-85. [PMID: 37846380 PMCID: PMC10577871 DOI: 10.1016/j.aopr.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Background The lens zonule, a circumferential system of fibres connecting the ciliary body to the lens, is responsible for centration of the lens. The structural, functional, and positional abnormalities of the zonular apparatus can lead to the abnormality of the intraocular structure, presenting a significant challenge to cataract surgery. Main text The lens zonule is the elaborate system of extracellular fibers, which not only centers the lens in the eye but also plays an important role in accommodation and lens immunity, maintains the shape of the lens, and corrects spherical aberration. The zonules may directly participate in the formation of cataract via the immune mechanism. Abnormal zonular fibers that affect the position and shape of the lens may play an important role in the pathogenesis of angle closure disease and increase the complexity of the surgery. Capsular tension rings and related endocapsular devices are used to provide sufficient capsular bag stabilization and ensure the safety of cataract surgery procedures. Better preoperative and intraoperative evaluation methods for zonules are needed for clinicians. Conclusions The microstructure, biomechanical properties, and physiological functions of the lens zonules help us to better understand the pathogenesis of cataract and glaucoma, facilitating the development of safer surgical procedures for cataract. Further studies are needed to carefully analyze the structure-function relationship of the zonular apparatus to explore new treatment strategies for cataract and glaucoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Evaluation of Multimodal Biometric Parameters for Diagnosing Acute Angle Closure Secondary to Lens Subluxation. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:839-851. [PMID: 36542256 PMCID: PMC10011352 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-022-00638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the clinical characteristics and multimodal biometric parameters from ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and IOL Master biometry of patients with acute secondary angle-closure due to lens subluxation (ASAC-LS), acute primary angle-closure (APAC), and cataract. METHODS This retrospective study included 22 eyes with ASAC-LS, 27 eyes with APAC, and 39 eyes with cataract. Gender, age, affected eye, best corrected visual acuity, axial length, central corneal thickness, and anterior chamber depth (ACD) assessed by UBM and IOL Master were measured and compared between the three groups. In addition, we compared the ratio of ACD (ACD ratio) and the difference of ACD (ACD difference) measured by the two instruments. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the predictive factors for lens subluxation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to obtain a suitable cutoff value of biometric parameters to separate ASAC-LS cases from APAC and cataract cases. RESULTS In the ASAC-LS group, the median (interquartile range [IQR]) ACD measured by IOL Master was 2.47 (IQR 1.85-2.92) mm while the median ACD measured by UBM was 3.11 (IQR 2.60-3.76) mm. The difference of ACD measured by the two instruments was statistically significant in the ASAC-LS group (P < 0.001) whereas the differences were not statistically significant in the APAC group (P = 0.521) and cataract group (P = 0.204). Subsequent pairwise comparison revealed that only the ACD difference (0.40 [IQR 0.22-1.08] mm) and ACD ratio (1.18 [IQR 1.07-1.40]) in the ASAC-LS group were significantly different from those in the APAC group (ACD difference 0.02 [IQR 0.01-0.07] mm; ACD ratio 1.01 [IQR 1.00-1.04]) and cataract group (ACD difference 0.09 [IQR 0.01-0.14] mm; ACD ratio 1.03 [IQR 1.00-1.04]) (all P < 0.001). The ACD difference and ACD ratio were significantly associated with lens subluxation in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). Additionally, the ROC curve analysis showed that the ACD difference at 0.235 mm and the ACD ratio at 1.080 were the respective cut-off values for lens subluxation, with a sensitivity of 77.3% and specificity of 100.0%. CONCLUSION Our findings provide a new option for identifying lens subluxation. Specifically, combining the ACD from UBM and IOL Master may be helpful for differential diagnosis of ASAC-LS.
Collapse
|
6
|
Congenital ciliary body cysts causing lens abnormalities and secondary angle closure glaucoma in a child. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 28:101723. [PMID: 36275188 PMCID: PMC9583026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report a case of congenital ciliary body cysts causing microspherophakia, ectopia lentis, and secondary angle closure glaucoma in an infant. Observations A 16-month-old male was found to have bilateral ciliary body cysts associated with zonular laxity or absence causing microspherophakia and ectopia lentis as demonstrated on multimodal imaging. Additionally, the patient had secondary angle closure glaucoma which was likely multi-factorial related to both lens abnormalities and anterior displacement of the iris from the cysts themselves. The patient underwent lensectomy and cyst removal which resulted in intraocular pressure stabilization and visual rehabilitation. Conclusions and Importance Congenital ciliary body cysts are a rare cause of lens abnormalities and secondary angle closure glaucoma in children. Information regarding genetic underpinnings or systemic associations is limited.
Collapse
|
7
|
Jing Q, Chen T, Chen Z, Lan L, Zhao C, Jiang Y. Ocular Manifestations of Acute Secondary Angle Closure Associated With Lens Subluxation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:738745. [PMID: 35096854 PMCID: PMC8794948 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.738745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and ocular features of patients with acute secondary angle closure, associated with lens subluxation (ASAC-LS). Methods: We performed a retrospective study at the EENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. A total of 41 affected eyes from 41 patients were enrolled in this study. Furthermore, 20 affected eyes were part of the ASAC-LS cohort and 21 affected eyes were included in the acute primary angle closure (APAC) cohort. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), axial length (AL), minimum corneal curvature (K1), maximum corneal curvature (K2), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured and compared between the 2 cohorts. In addition, inter-eye (intraindividual) comparison was performed. Results: The ASAC-LS cohort exhibited younger ages, more frequent trauma history (35%), lower IOP (27.43 ± 13.86 mmHg vs. 41.27 ± 10.36 mmHg), longer AL (23.96 ± 2.60 vs. 22.49 ± 0.77 mm), shallower ACD (1.28 ± 0.38 vs. 1.58 ± 0.23 mm), and bigger ACD differences (0.99 ± 0.52 vs. 0.15 ± 0.19 mm), as compared with the APAC cohort (all p < 0.05). Moreover, eyes from the lens subluxation cohort experienced worse BCVA, higher IOP, and shallower ACD than their matched unaffected eyes (all p < 0.05). Although longer AL, shallower ACD, and bigger ACD differences were strongly correlated with lens subluxation in a univariate logistic regression analysis, only the ACD difference remained significant in the multivariate model (p = 0.004, OR = 1,510.50). Additionally, according to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, both ACD and ACD differences had greater value in the differential diagnosis of ASAC-LS and APAC, with a cut-off value of 1.4 and 0.63 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Shallower ACD and larger ACD differences provide the promising diagnostic potential for patients with ASAC-LS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghe Jing
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhui Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Zexu Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Lan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxiang Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye & Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sun Y, Wei S, Li S, Cao K, Hu J, Yang X, Lin C, An W, Guo J, Li H, Fu J, Wang N. Distribution of ocular biometry in young Chinese eyes: The Anyang University Students Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:621-627. [PMID: 33326192 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the distribution of ocular biometric parameters and its association to refraction in university students in central China. METHODS Ocular biometric parameters including axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), keratometry power (K), anterior chamber depth (AQD) and lens thickness (LT) were measured by an optical biometry in a cohort of university students. Corneal radius of curvature (CR), lens position (LP), lens power (PBennett ), vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and AL to corneal radius ratio (AL/CR) were calculated. Cycloplegic refraction was measured using an autorefractor. RESULTS A total of 7650 undergraduate students participated in this study, with a mean age of 20.0 ± 1.4 years. The following ocular biometric parameters were measured: AL (24.78 ± 1.21 mm), CCT (539.83 ± 33.03 μm), AQD (3.23 ± 0.25 mm), LT (3.47 ± 0.18 mm), CR (7.79 ± 0.27 mm), LP (4.97 ± 0.23 mm), VCD (17.55 ± 1.15 mm), PBennett (25.00 ± 1.07 dioptres) and AL/CR (3.18 ± 0.15). Male subjects were found to have longer AL, thicker CCT, flatter CR, thinner lens, deeper AQD and VCD than female ones. Myopic subjects were found to have longer AL, thinner CCT, steeper CR, thinner and posterior lens, deeper AQD and VCD, lower PBennett and larger AL/CR than emmetropes and hyperopes. Spherical equivalent (SE) showed a negative correlation with AL/CR (r = -0.914), AL (r = -0.755) and VCD (r = -0.751). CONCLUSIONS This study provided a range of reference values for the main ocular biometric parameters in young adults and reported their distributions based on gender and refractive status. Our study indicates that SE has a strong correlation with AL/CR ratio, AL and VCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Sun
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Shifei Wei
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Shiming Li
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Kai Cao
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| | - Caixia Lin
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Wenzai An
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| | - Jiyuan Guo
- Anyang Eye Hospital Henan Province China
| | - He Li
- Anyang Eye Hospital Henan Province China
| | - Jing Fu
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shon K, Sung KR, Yoon JY. Implications of the Relationship Between Refractive Error and Biometry in the Pathogenesis of Primary Angle Closure. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:38. [PMID: 34463718 PMCID: PMC8411854 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.10.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between refractive error and ocular biometry and its implication in the pathogenesis of primary angle closure (PAC). Methods We have retrospectively recruited 119 PAC eyes and 388 non-PAC eyes with an axial length (AL) of ≤25.0 mm and a spherical equivalent (SE) of ≥−6.0 diopters (D). Stepwise multiple regression was performed for keratometry value (K), AL, anterior chamber depth (ACD), and SE. Results PAC eyes were more likely to be in women and have a higher IOP and shorter AL than non-PAC eyes. In a multiple regression analysis, SE was not associated with PAC. The associations between AL and SE or AL and ACD were not different in PAC eyes compared with non-PAC eyes. However, the cornea was flatter in PAC eyes (β = −0.448, P < 0.001), and a flatter cornea was associated with more hyperopic refraction (β = −0.454, P < 0.001) and shallower ACD (β = 0.073, P < 0.001) in PAC eyes. ACD was not associated with SE in non-PAC eyes, but shallower ACD was associated with greater myopic refraction in PAC eyes (β = 1.117, P = 0.006). Conclusions PAC eyes seem to have flatter cornea compared with non-PAC eyes. A shallower ACD seems to be associated with greater myopic refraction in PAC eyes, but not in non-PAC eyes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kilhwan Shon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Kyung Rim Sung
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Young Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|