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Stankute I, Dulskiene V, Kuciene R. Associations between Neck Circumference, Mid-Upper Arm Circumference, Wrist Circumference, and High Blood Pressure among Lithuanian Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:677. [PMID: 38474805 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: High blood pressure (HBP) and obesity are significant and growing public health issues worldwide. Our study aimed to evaluate the associations of neck circumference (NC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and wrist circumference (WrC) with HBP among Lithuanian children and adolescents aged 7-17 years. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data on BP and anthropometric measurements were analysed in 3688 children and adolescents aged 7-17 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the associations between anthropometric indices and HBP. (3) Results: Overall, the prevalence rates of elevated BP and hypertension were 13.7% and 12.9%, respectively. After adjustment for age, BMI, and WC, statistically significant elevated aORs were observed for associations between greater NC, MUAC, WrC, and HBP in boys (aORs: 2.13, 2.46, and 2.48, respectively) and in girls (aORs: 2.01, 2.36, and 2.09, respectively). Moreover, per-unit increase in NC, MUAC, and WrC was also associated with greater odds of HBP in boys (aORs: 1.20, 1.21, and 1.37, respectively) and in girls (aORs: 1.10, 1.10, and 1.21, respectively). The analysed anthropometric indices presented higher area under the curve values for predicting HBP in boys than in girls. (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that higher NC, MUAC, and WrC are associated with increased odds of HBP in Lithuanian children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieva Stankute
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Virginija Dulskiene
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Renata Kuciene
- Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu 15, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Zhu Y, Maruyama H, Onoda K, Zhou Y, Huang Q, Hu C, Ye Z, Li B, Wang Z. Body mass index combined with (waist + hip)/height accurately screened for normal-weight obesity in Chinese young adults. Nutrition 2023; 108:111939. [PMID: 36682267 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Only a few studies have explored the prevalence of normal-weight obesity in young adults or the development of a simple evaluation index for body fat percentage. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of normal-weight obesity in young Chinese adults and use anthropometric measurements to develop an evaluation index. METHODS In total, 1322 college students participated in the study and were divided into the normal-weight lean, normal-weight obese, and overweight and obese groups based on their body mass index and body fat percentage. The differences in body composition, circumference, and circumference ratio among these three groups were examined. RESULTS When exploring the correlation between the circumference ratio and body fat percentage, the circumference ratio was suitable for early screening of abnormal body fat percentage, and the cutoff value was calculated. Body composition and circumference were significantly different among the three groups: (waist + hip)-to-height, hip-to-height, and waist-to-height ratios were strongly correlated with body fat percentage. CONCLUSIONS (Waist + hip)-to-height ratio can be used as a simple evaluation index for indicating abnormal body fat percentage when higher than 1.032 in male and 1.047 in female individuals. Downregulating the normal upper limit for body mass index to 24.4 and 23.8 kg/m2 in male and female individuals, respectively, is recommended. Body mass index combined with (waist + hip)-to-height ratio allowed for more accurate screening of normal-weight obesity as an easy and cost-free evaluation measure for abnormal body fat percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetong Zhu
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Maruyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Ko Onoda
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Physical Therapy, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Qiuchen Huang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Physical Therapy, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Chunying Hu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Physical Therapy, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Ye
- Department of Rehabilitative Technology, School of Medicine, Liaocheng Vocational and Technical College, Shandong, China.
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Rehabilitative Technology, School of Medicine, Liaocheng Vocational and Technical College, Shandong, China.
| | - Zimin Wang
- Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Han JS, Kim YH. Neck circumference and incidence of cerebrovascular disease over 12 years among Korean adults. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2022; 13:71-79. [PMID: 35255680 PMCID: PMC8907609 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Neck circumference is associated with a distinctive fat storage process that confers additional metabolic risk. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between baseline neck circumference and the incidence of cerebrovascular disease using a prospective community-based sample of Korean adults over 12 years of follow-up, after controlling for selected covariates. Methods Participants with non-cerebrovascular disease were divided into 4 groups (Q1–Q4) based on their baseline neck circumference. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to evaluate the relationship between neck circumference and cerebrovascular disease incidence over a 12-year period. Results Among this study’s 3,662 participants, 128 (3.50%) developed cerebrovascular disease. The incidence of cerebrovascular disease increased from 2.2% in Q1 to 4.3% in Q2, 2.5% in Q3, and 5.0% in Q4. When compared to Q1, the relative risks of cerebrovascular disease development were 0.57 (95 % CI, 0.25–1.31), 0.86 (95 % CI, 0.38–1.96), and 0.79 (95 % CI, 0.30–2.07) in man and 1.86 (95 % CI, 0.66–5.20), 3.50 (95 % CI, 1.25–9.86), and 4.71 (95 % CI, 1.50–14.77) in woman in Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively, after adjusting for most risk factors related to cerebrovascular disease. Conclusion The relationship between neck circumference and cerebrovascular disease was stronger in woman than in man, indicating potential differences between the sexes. These results are meaningful for evaluating and surveilling neck circumference as a promising tool for identifying subgroups of vulnerable and at-risk populations.
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Tao JM, Wei W, Ma XY, Huo YX, Hu MD, Li XF, Chen X. Diagnostic accuracy of anthropometric indices for discriminating elevated blood pressure in pediatric population: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:19. [PMID: 34983442 PMCID: PMC8725266 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is more likely to increase the chance of many adult health problems. Numerous studies have shown obese children to be more prone to elevated blood pressure (BP) and hypertension. It is important to identify an obesity anthropometric index with good discriminatory power for them in pediatric population. METHODS MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were retrieved comprehensively for eligible studies on childhood obesity and hypertension/elevated BP through June 2021. The systematic review and meta-analysis of studies used receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves for evaluating the discriminatory power of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in distinguishing children with elevated BP and hypertension. RESULTS 21 cross-sectional studies involving 177,943 children and 3-19 years of age were included in our study. Meta-analysis showed that the pooled area under the reporting receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for BMI, WC, and WHtR to detect hypertension of boys were 0.68 (0.64, 0.72), 0.69 (0.64, 0.74), 0.67 (0.63, 0.71), for elevated BP, the pooled AUCs and 95% CIs were 0.67 (0.61, 0.73), 0.65 (0.58, 0.73), 0.65 (0.61, 0.71). The pooled AUCs and 95% CIs for BMI, WC and WHtR of predicting hypertension were 0.70 (0.66, 0.75), 0.69 (0.64, 0.75), 0.67 (0.63, 0.72) in girls, the pooled AUCs and 95% CIs of predicting elevated BP were 0.63 (0.61, 0.65), 0.62 (0.60, 0.65), 0.62 (0.60, 0.64) respectively. There was no anthropometric index was statistically superior in identifying hypertension and elevated BP, however, the accuracy of BMI predicting hypertension was significantly higher than elevated BP in girls (P < 0.05). The subgroup analysis for the comparison of BMI, WC and WHtR was performed, no significant difference in predicting hypertension and elevated BP in pediatric population. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review showed that no anthropometric index was superior in identifying hypertension and elevated BP in pediatric population. While compared with predicting elevated BP, all the indicators showed superiority in predicting hypertension in children, the difference was especially obvious in girls. A better anthropometric index should be explored to predict children's early blood pressure abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Min Tao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section of Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian City, 116044, Liaoning Provence, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section of Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian City, 116044, Liaoning Provence, China
| | - Ying-Xiang Huo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section of Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian City, 116044, Liaoning Provence, China
| | - Meng-Die Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section of Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian City, 116044, Liaoning Provence, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section of Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian City, 116044, Liaoning Provence, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Section of Lvshun South Road, Lvshunkou District, Dalian City, 116044, Liaoning Provence, China.
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An investigation of anthropometric measurements of early adolescents and determination of BMI-for-age-based neck circumference and BMI-for-age-based mid-upper-arm circumference cut-off points. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 48:414-420. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Katamba G, Agaba DC, Namayanja R, Namaganda A, Musasizi A, Kinene MA, Migisha R. The utility of resting pulse rate in defining high blood pressure among adolescents in Mbarara municipality, Uganda. J Hum Hypertens 2021; 35:1012-1019. [PMID: 33323993 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-00444-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
High resting pulse rate (RPR) is associated with adverse cardiovascular events and could be used as a marker of cardiovascular health. We determined the correlation between RPR and blood pressure (BP); and its accuracy in defining high blood pressure among adolescents attending secondary schools in Mbarara municipality, south-western Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional study among secondary school adolescents aged 12-19 years in Mbarara municipality, Uganda. We captured demographic characteristics using a structured questionnaire; and measured anthropometric indices and BP. We performed a linear regression analysis to determine the relationship between RPR and blood pressure and plotted receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) to assess the accuracy of RPR in defining high BP. We enrolled 616 adolescents with a mean age of 15.6 ± 2.0 years and 65.6% (404/616) were female. The RPR was significantly correlated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in both boys (Beta = 0.22 [95% CI: 0.10; 0.36]), p < 0.001 and girls (Beta = 0.51 [95% CI: 0.43; 0.60]), p < 0.001. RPR was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) only in the girls (Beta = 0.23 [95% CI: 0.15; 0.30]), p < 0.001. The optimal threshold for RPR in defining prehypertension was RPR ≥ 76 bpm with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.653 [95% CI: 0.583-0.722], the sensitivity of 0.737 and specificity of 0.577. In defining hypertension, the optimal threshold was RPR ≥ 79 bpm at a sensitivity of 0.737 and specificity of 0.719, with an AUC of 0.728 [95% CI: 0.624-0.831]. Resting pulse rate was positively correlated with BP and was more accurate in defining hypertension compared to prehypertension in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey Katamba
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, King Ceasor University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - David Collins Agaba
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Rosemary Namayanja
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Agnes Namaganda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Mbale, Uganda
| | - Abdul Musasizi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, King Ceasor University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mivule Abdul Kinene
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, King Ceasor University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Richard Migisha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
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Sehn AP, Brand C, Welser L, Gaya AR, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Cristi-Montero C, de Mello ED, Reuter CP. Neck circumference and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents: the moderator role of cardiorespiratory fitness. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:234. [PMID: 34001053 PMCID: PMC8127299 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors has become a public health issue, especially in childhood and adolescence. Thus, early identification is essential to avoid or reduce future complications in adulthood. In this sense, the present study aimed to verify the influence of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) as a moderator in the association between neck circumference (NC) and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. METHODS Cross-sectional study that included 2418 randomly selected children and adolescents (52.5% girls), aged 6 to 17 years old. Anthropometric measurements, such as NC and body mass index (BMI), and CRF was measured by the six-minute running/walking test, as well as cardiometabolic risk (systolic blood pressure, glucose, HDL-C, and triglycerides), were assessed. RESULTS For all age groups, NC showed a negative relationship with CRF. A significant interaction term was found for CRF x NC with cardiometabolic risk for children (6 to 9 years old), early adolescents (10 to 12 years old), and middle adolescents (13 to 17 years old). It was found that children who accomplished more than 1092.49 m in CRF test were protected against cardiometabolic risk when considering NC. In adolescents, protection against cardiometabolic risk was found when the CRF test was completed above 1424.14 m and 1471.87 m (early and middle stage, respectively). CONCLUSIONS CRF is inversely associated with NC and acts as a moderator in the relationship between NC and cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. Therefore, this detrimental health impact linked to fatness might be attenuated by improving CRF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Sehn
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Brand
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Welser
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil
| | - Anelise Reis Gaya
- Graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Cristi-Montero
- IRyS Group, Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Elza Daniel de Mello
- Graduate Program in Child & Adolescent Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cézane Priscila Reuter
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Independência Av, 2293 - Universitário, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, 96815-900, Brazil
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Valencia-Sosa E, González-Pérez GJ, Martinez-Lopez E, Rodriguez-Echevarria R. Neck and Wrist Circumferences as Indicators of Metabolic Alterations in the Pediatric Population: A Scoping Review. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8040297. [PMID: 33924538 PMCID: PMC8070358 DOI: 10.3390/children8040297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neck circumference (NC) and wrist circumference (WrC) have been proposed as practical and inexpensive tools with the capacity to indicate metabolic alterations to some extent. Nevertheless, their application in the pediatric population is relatively recent. Thus, the aim of this scoping review was to review and analyze the reported evidence regarding the correlation of NC and WrC with metabolic alterations in the pediatric stage. The literature search was performed in January 2021 in seven indexes and databases. A total of 26 articles published between 2011 and 2020 were included. Most significant results were grouped into three categories: serum lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and blood pressure. The parameter that showed the most significant results regardless of the anthropometric indicator analyzed for association was blood pressure. In contrast, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol showed non-significant associations along with conflicting results. We conclude that the use of NC and WrC, in addition to other well-established indicators, could facilitate the identification of metabolic alterations, specifically in plasma insulin and blood pressure. In fact, further studies are required to address the potential use of NC and WrC as predictors of early metabolic alterations, especially in countries with a fast-growing prevalence in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Valencia-Sosa
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico; (E.V.-S.); (G.J.G.-P.)
| | - Guillermo Julián González-Pérez
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico; (E.V.-S.); (G.J.G.-P.)
| | - Erika Martinez-Lopez
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Echevarria
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-33-1058-5200
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Li Y, Zhou H, Yang X, Zheng J, Zhang F, Xu M, Li H. Neck Circumference Is Associated With Poor Outcome in Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2021; 11:622476. [PMID: 33597913 PMCID: PMC7882541 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.622476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between neck circumference (NC) and functional outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. Methods: We prospectively analyzed data from ICH patients who received treatment at our institution from January 2018 to November 2019. Patients were categorized into two groups according to 180-day modified Rankin scale (MRS) scores. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess whether NC was associated with poor outcome in ICH patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the significance of NC in predicting the functional outcome of ICH patients. Results: A total of 312 patients were enrolled in our study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that NC was an independent predictor of poor 180-day functional outcome [odds ratio (OR) = 1.205, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.075–1.350, p = 0.001]. ROC analysis revealed that NC could predict poor functional outcome at 6 months. Conclusions: NC is an independent predictor of unfavorable functional outcome at 6 months in ICH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiqing Zhou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fourth People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mangmang Xu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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ahmadi N, Mahdieh Namayandeh S, Bafghi SMS, Mohammadi MR, Mirzaei M, Sarebanhassanabadi M, Mehrparvar AH, Faraji R, Nilforoshan N, Karimi A. Age-, sex-, and height-based blood pressure reference charts, Yazd children 6-18 years, Iran. Clin Exp Pediatr 2020; 63:321-328. [PMID: 32689764 PMCID: PMC7402986 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2019.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric hypertension is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations. PURPOSE To examine pediatric hypertension in a clinical setting, we used the percentile rank approach and defined hypertension as that above the 95th percentile. METHODS The present study was linked to the a national analytical cross-sectional community-based Iranian Children and Adolescents' Psychiatric Disorders (IRCAP) survey. The survey was nationwide and funded by the National Institute of Medical Research Development. The IRCAP survey included 31,000 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years in all 31 Iran provinces. The current study included 1,035 children and adolescents and linked the data of the risk factors of cardiovascular disease only in Yazd province via random cluster sampling. RESULTS Of the total participants, 456 (44.1%) were male and 579 (55.9%) were female. The mean age was 11.2±3.8 years (11.7±3.7 years for males, 11.0±3.6 years for females), while mean height was 146±20.0 cm overall, 147.2±22.0 cm for males, and 144.6±17.0 cm for females (P=0.009). The blood pressure distributions and percentiles were evaluated. CONCLUSION Here we determined age- and height-specific 50th, 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in Yazd boys and girls using 10-cm height intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran ahmadi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Mahdieh Namayandeh
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Faculty, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmood Sadr Bafghi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Health Faculty, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Reza Faraji
- Krmanshah Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Ahmad Karimi
- Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Communicable Disease Surveillance, Abadeh Health Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Shirley MK, Alves Pereira-Freire J, de Macêdo Gonçalves Frota K, Oliveira Lemos J, Wells JC, Arnaud Rosal Lopes Rodrigues L, Monteles Nascimento L, Queiroz Ribeiro V, de Carvalho Rondó PH. Evaluation of neck circumference as a predictor of elevated cardiometabolic risk outcomes in 5–8-year-old Brazilian children. CHILD AND ADOLESCENT OBESITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/2574254x.2020.1738837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan K. Shirley
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jonathan C.K. Wells
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | | | - Valdenir Queiroz Ribeiro
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária), Teresina, Brazil
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12
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Mastroeni SSDBS, Mastroeni MF, Ekwaru JP, Setayeshgar S, Veugelers PJ, Gonçalves MDC, Rondó PHDC. Anthropometric measurements as a potential non-invasive alternative for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in adolescents. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2019; 63:30-39. [PMID: 30864629 PMCID: PMC10118845 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify which anthropometric measurement would be the best predictor of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Brazilian adolescents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study conducted on 222 adolescents (15-17 years) from a city in southern Brazil. Anthropometric, physical activity, blood pressure and biochemical parameters were investigated. MetS criteria were transformed into a continuous variable (MetS score). Linear regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of BMI, hip circumference, neck circumference (NC), triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold and body fat percentage with MetS score. ROC curves were constructed to determine the cutoff for each anthropometric measurement. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS was 7.2%. Each anthropometric measurement was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with MetS score. After adjusting for potential confounding variables (age, sex, physical activity, and maternal education), the standardized coefficients of NC and body fat percentage appeared to have the strongest association (beta = 0.69 standard deviation) with MetS score. The regression of BMI provided the best model fit (adjusted R2 = 0.31). BMI predicted MetS with high sensitivity (100.0%) and specificity (86.4%). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that BMI and NC are effective screening tools for MetS in adolescents. The early diagnosis of MetS combined with targeted lifestyle interventions in adolescence may help reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silmara Salete de Barros Silva Mastroeni
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade da Região de Joinville (Univille), Joinville, SC, Brasil.,Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marco Fabio Mastroeni
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Universidade da Região de Joinville (Univille), Joinville, SC, Brasil
| | - John Paul Ekwaru
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Solmaz Setayeshgar
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paul J Veugelers
- Population Health Intervention Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Neck Circumference and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Pediatric Population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55050183. [PMID: 31117308 PMCID: PMC6572278 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55050183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: To identify the relationship between neck circumference (NC) and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. Materials and Methods: Children and adolescents 6–18 years old (n = 548) from five counties of San Luis Potosí, México were included. Data was collected for biological markers (glucose and lipid profile) and anthropometric and clinical measurements—weight, height, NC, waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using Quetelet formula (kg/m2). Descriptive analysis, correlation tests, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed. Results: NC was highly correlated with BMI and WC in both genders (p <0.0001). The most frequent risk factor was high BMI (38.7%). Sensitivity and specificity analysis of NC and high BMI showed an area under the ROC curve of 0.887. Conclusions: According to our findings, NC is a simple, low-cost, and non-invasive measurement, which has a high association with high BMI and increased WC.
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14
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Meelab S, Bunupuradah I, Suttiruang J, Sakulrojanawong S, Thongkua N, Chantawiboonchai C, Chirabandhu P, Lertthanaporn S, Suwanthip K, Songsaengthum C, Keattisaksri B, Trakulsuk P, Pittapun A, Nata N, Rangsin R, Sakboonyarat B. Prevalence and associated factors of uncontrolled blood pressure among hypertensive patients in the rural communities in the central areas in Thailand: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212572. [PMID: 30779818 PMCID: PMC6380583 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertension is a common cardiovascular disease at present. Uncontrolled blood pressure leads to further complications including heart attack, stroke and chronic kidney disease. In Thailand, most of the information related to this issue is collected by hospitals or hospital-based organizations rather than at the community level. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension and to assess the relationship between patient characteristics (socio-behavioral and clinical) and uncontrolled blood pressure among hypertensive patients in the rural communities in the central areas in Thailand. Materials and methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Na-Yao and Phra-Pleong rural communities of Thailand in 2018 using the total design method. In all, 406 individuals aged ≥18 years were interviewed using structured questionnaires related to demographic information, higher risk behavior, comorbidities and arthrometric measurement. Blood pressure was assessed for all participants. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as BP ≥140/90 mmHg. Results The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was 54.4% (males: 59.8%; females: 52.4%). Uncontrolled blood pressure was associated with neck circumference more than 35.75 cm for males and 32.75 cm. for females (adjusted odds ratio; 1.66, 95% confidence interval; 1.03–2.68), sedentary behavior more than 5 hours a day (adjusted odds ratio; 2.03, 95% confidence interval; 1.28–3.23) and missed doctor appointments (adjusted odds ratio; 3.29, 95% confidence interval; 1.09–9.94). Conclusion Approximately one half of hypertensive patients in these rural communities had uncontrolled blood pressure. The Ministry of Public Health and health care providers should provide further strategies to prevent uncontrolled blood pressure’s complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Naowanit Nata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ram Rangsin
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Boonsub Sakboonyarat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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15
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Kobel S, Wartha O, Dreyhaupt J, Kettner S, Steinacker JM. Cross-sectional associations of objectively assessed sleep duration with physical activity, BMI and television viewing in German primary school children. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:54. [PMID: 30744602 PMCID: PMC6369549 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global incidence of overweight and obesity has increased dramatically among children and adolescents over the past decades. Insufficient sleep duration and physical inactivity are known risk factors for overweight and obesity in children. To engage children in a healthier lifestyle knowledge about associations of sleep duration and behavioural aspects in children are vital. Therefore, this study investigated the mentioned associations in German primary school children. METHODS Data of 308 first and second graders (7.1 ± 0.6 years) was used; children's anthropometric data were taken during a school visit. Children's physical activity (PA) and sleep duration were assessed objectively (Actiheart©, CamNtech Ltd., Cambridge, UK); children's daily television time and socio-demographic data were collected via parental questionnaire. Linear mixed-effects regression models as well as logistic regressions were used to determine associations of PA, television viewing, age, gender, BMI z-scores and socio-economic variables on sleep duration. RESULTS In linear regression models young age and not having a migration background were significantly associated with long sleep duration (p < 0.001). In logistic regressions, long night time sleep (≥10:08 h; compared to medium and short sleep duration) was significantly associated with not reaching the PA guideline (OR 0.60 [0.36;0.99]), daily television viewing of less than one hour (OR 0.44 [0.24;0.80]), young age (OR 0.38 [0.21;067]), a high parental education level (OR 0.52 [0.27;0.99]) and the lack of migration background (OR 0.21 [0.10;0.48]). However, if controlling for age, gender, parental education level and migration background, reaching the PA guideline stayed no longer significantly associated with a tertiary sleep level. CONCLUSIONS Children in the highest sleep category showed a negative association with reaching the PA guideline and a positive association with daily television viewing. This therefore adds to previously primarily subjectively assessed associations of sleep and risk factors for obesity (related behaviours) with a detailed insight based on objective data. Hence, interventions trying to decrease children's BMI and television viewing should also aim at extending children's night-time sleep and inform parents about the importance of sufficient sleep during childhood. TRIAL REGISTRATION DRKS-ID: DRKS00000494 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kobel
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Centre, Frauensteige 6, Haus 58/33, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Olivia Wartha
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Centre, Frauensteige 6, Haus 58/33, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens Dreyhaupt
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Schwabstr. 13, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sarah Kettner
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Centre, Frauensteige 6, Haus 58/33, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jürgen M. Steinacker
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Centre, Leimgrubenweg 14, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
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16
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Moradi S, Mohammadi H, Ghavami A, Rouhani MH. Neck circumference and blood pressure among children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 12:822-832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Fowokan AO, Sakakibara BM, Onsel N, Punthakee Z, Waddell C, Rosin M, Lear SA. Correlates of elevated blood pressure in healthy children: a systematic review. Clin Obes 2018; 8:366-381. [PMID: 30066442 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension in children is increasing globally. Addressing this will require a robust understanding of associated risk factors. To this end, we conducted a systematic review to identify correlates of elevated blood pressure (BP) in children. Literature searches were conducted using pre-defined search terms from three academic databases. The abstract and full text of identified studies were screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers. A total of 100 studies were included in this systematic review. An assessment tool was first used to assess study quality; a narrative synthesis was then performed. We found a broad range of physiological, social and behavioural factors associated with elevated BP in children. The most common correlate observed was adiposity, suggesting that childhood obesity may be implicated in the increased prevalence of hypertension observed in children. However, the broad range of other factors identified underscores the multi-factorial aetiology of hypertension. Data from a broad range of studies showed that the correlates of hypertension in children are multi-factorial. Therefore, approaches aimed at preventing hypertension must in turn be multi-factorial to ensure that the burden of hypertension in childhood is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O Fowokan
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - B M Sakakibara
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - N Onsel
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Z Punthakee
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University and Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Waddell
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Rosin
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S A Lear
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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18
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Morales-Camacho JI, Espinosa-Hernández E, Fernández-Velasco DA, Benítez-Cardoza CG, Luna-Suárez S. Insertion of antihypertensive peptides in acidic subunit from amaranth 11S induces contrasting effects in stability. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:9595-9606. [PMID: 30209550 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9300-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The insertion of peptides is a biotechnology tool widely used to improve the nutraceutical properties of proteins. Because the effect of these insertions in protein stability and function is difficult to predict, it should be determined experimentally. In this study, we created two variants of amarantin acidic subunit and analyzed them along with other four proteins reported previously. We measured their response against two destabilizing agents: temperature and urea. The six proteins presented the insertion of antihypertensive peptides (VYVYVYVY or RIPP) in the variable regions of the protein. We observed that their effect strongly depended on the site of the insertion. The insertion in the variable region I stabilized the protein both thermally and chemically, but it affected the inhibitory activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme in vitro. In contrast, insertions in other three regions were severely destabilizing, producing molten globules. Our findings reveal that the insertion of bioactive peptides in variable regions of a protein can increase or decrease the protein's thermal and chemical stability and that these conformational changes may also alter its final activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocksan I Morales-Camacho
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIBA-IPN, Tepetitla, 90700, Tlaxcala, Mexico.,Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Alimentos y Ambiental, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Sta. Catarina Mártir, San Andrés Cholula, 72810, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Edgar Espinosa-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIBA-IPN, Tepetitla, 90700, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - D Alejandro Fernández-Velasco
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica e Ingeniería de Proteínas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F., 04510, México, Mexico
| | - Claudia G Benítez-Cardoza
- Laboratorio de Investigación Bioquímica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENMyH-IPN, D.F, 07320, México, Mexico
| | - Silvia Luna-Suárez
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIBA-IPN, Tepetitla, 90700, Tlaxcala, Mexico.
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19
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Motlagh ME, Qorbani M, Rafiemanzelat AM, Taheri M, Aminaee T, Shafiee G, Ahadi Z, Hajiali M, Ghaderi K, Safaei A, Goodarzi A, Ziaodini H, Heshmat R, Kelishadi R. Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V Study. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2018; 10:76-82. [PMID: 30116505 PMCID: PMC6088761 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2018.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study presents the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents. Methods: This multi-centric study was conducted in 2015 among 4200 students aged 7-18 years. They were selected by multistage cluster sampling from 30 provinces of Iran. Anthropometric indices, biochemical and clinical parameters were measured. Results: The mean of weight, height, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) was higher in boys than in girls (P < 0.05). The mean of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were higher in girls than in boys (P < 0.05). The mean of weight, height, WC, SBP, DBP, alanine transaminase (ALT) and body mass index (BMI) was higher in urban than in rural residents (P < 0.05). Overall, 16.1%, 9.4% and 11.4% were underweight, overweight and obese. Abdominal obesity was documented in 21.6% of boys and 20.5% of girls. Low HDL-C was the most prevalent abnormality of lipid profile (29.5%) followed by high serum TGs (27.7%). Low HDL-C was more prevalent in boys than in girls (32.7% vs. 26%, respectively, P < 0.05). Prevalence of obesity and overweight were higher in girls than in boys (P < 0.05). The prevalence of obesity and overweight, abdominal obesity, and low HDL-C were higher in urban than in rural residents (P < 0.05). Conclusion: We found considerably high prevalence of some cardiometabolic risk factors including overweight and obesity, low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia in Iranian children and adolescents. The current findings underscore the necessity of intensifying health interventions for primordial and primary prevention of non-communicable diseases from early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh
- Bureau of Family, Population, Youth and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran,Iran.,Department of Pediatrics, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Amir-Masood Rafiemanzelat
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majzoubeh Taheri
- Office of Adolescents and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Aminaee
- Office of Adolescents and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ahadi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Hajiali
- Department of Cardiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Ghaderi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Safaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azam Goodarzi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Ziaodini
- Health Psychology Department, Research Center of Education Ministry Studies, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Noncommunicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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20
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Morais AA, Morais UAB, Soares MMS, Romano MCC, Lamounier JA. Neck circumference in adolescents and cardiometabolic risk: A sistematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 64:54-62. [PMID: 29561943 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.64.01.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To critically analyze articles on the relation between neck circumference (NC) in adolescents and: body mass index, fat distribution, metabolic syndrome and its individual components, and cardiovascular risk. METHOD Systematic review undertaken by two independent researchers using the Pubmed/Medline, Lilacs/Medline, Scielo and Cochrane databases in English, Spanish and Portuguese in the period comprising the past 5 years. RESULTS Eighteen (18) articles were selected. The articles show an association between NC in adolescents and body fat (BMI), central fat distribution (WC), metabolic syndrome and several of its individual components, and cardiovascular risk. Some values are proposed for NC cutoff points as a diagnostic tool for nutritional status, high blood pressure and pre-hypertension, cardiovascular risk, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. We identified a percentile curve constructed for Brazilian adolescents. CONCLUSION There is a shortage of studies with representative samples, variety at the NC measurement sites, and the age of the participants, which makes it difficult to establish definitive landmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Aguiar Morais
- MD, Endocrinologist, MSc and Professor, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Campus Centro-Oeste (CCO), Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Marta Sarquis Soares
- MD, Endocrinologist, Post-doctoral degree, Professor at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Joel Alves Lamounier
- MD, Pediatrician, PhD and Professor, UFMG; Professor and Head of the Medicine Department, UFSJ, São João del-Rei, MG, Brazil
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21
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Olatunji LA, Olabode OP, Akinlade OM, Babatunde AS, Olatunji VA, Soladoye AO. Neck circumference is independently associated with relative systemic hypertension in young adults with sickle cell anaemia. Clin Hypertens 2018; 24:3. [PMID: 29468088 PMCID: PMC5815221 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-018-0088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A seemingly interesting observation in patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) is that they usually have lower systemic blood pressures (BP) and insulin resistance than persons in the general population in spite of chronic inflammation and vasculopathy. However, relative systemic hypertension (rHTN) has been linked to pulmonary hypertension, increased blood viscosity and renal insufficiency, which could indicate a risk of developing cardiometabolic disorder (CMD) in SCA. We therefore hypothesized that neck circumference (NC) and CMD marker; triglyceride glucose (TyG) index would independently predict rHTN in young adults with SCA in steady state. Methods We compared the anthropometrical, hematological, hemorheological and CMD markers between SCA patients with normal BP < 120/70 mmHg; nHTN, n = 65) and those with rHTN (BP ≥ 120/70 mmHg, n = 32). Results Our results showed that SCA with rHTN had significantly higher body weight, waist circumference, NC, plasma viscosity, systolic and diastolic BP. Results also indicated that NC (OR: 2.98; 95% CI 1.46 to 6.10, p < 0.01) was a predictor of rHTN in SCA independent of gender, age, weight, waist circumference, BMI, blood viscosity, triglyceride or TyG. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis also showed that NC was the most efficient predictor of rHTN than other CMD markers. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that increased NC is a salient risk factors that is independently associated with rHTN in SCA. The finding therefore underscores the utility of NC in early detection and stratification of systemic hypertension, particularly in individuals with SCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A Olatunji
- 1HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State 240003 Nigeria
| | - Olatunde P Olabode
- 1HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State 240003 Nigeria
| | - Olawale M Akinlade
- 1HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State 240003 Nigeria.,2Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State Nigeria
| | - Abiola S Babatunde
- 3Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State 240003 Nigeria
| | - Victoria A Olatunji
- 4Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State 240003 Nigeria
| | - Ayodele O Soladoye
- 1HOPE Cardiometabolic Research Team and Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, P.M.B 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State 240003 Nigeria
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22
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Ataie-Jafari A, Namazi N, Djalalinia S, Chaghamirzayi P, Abdar ME, Zadehe SS, Asayesh H, Zarei M, Gorabi AM, Mansourian M, Qorbani M. Neck circumference and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2018; 10:72. [PMID: 30288175 PMCID: PMC6162928 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-018-0373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, neck circumference (NC) has been used to predict the risk of cardiometabolic factors. This study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine: (i) the sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) of NC to predict cardiometabolic risk factors and (ii) the association between NC and the risk of cardiometabolic parameters. METHODS A systematic search was conducted through PubMed/Medline, Institute of Scientific Information, and Scopus, until 2017 based on the search terms of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardio metabolic risk factors. Random-effect model was used to perform a meta-analysis and estimate the pooled SE, SP and correlation coefficient (CC). RESULTS A total of 41 full texts were selected for systematic review. The pooled SE of greater NC to predict MetS was 65% (95% CI 58, 72) and 77% (95% CI 55, 99) in adult and children, respectively. Additionally, the pooled SP was 66% (95% CI 60, 72) and 66% (95% CI 48, 84) in adult and children, respectively. According to the results of meta-analysis in adults, NC had a positive and significant correlation with fasting blood sugar (FBS) (CC: 0.16, 95% CI 0.13, 0.20), HOMA-IR (0.38, 95% CI 0.25, 0.50), total cholesterol (TC) (0.07 95% CI 0.02, 0.12), triglyceride (TG) concentrations (0.23, 95% CI 0.19, 0.28) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (0.14, 95% CI 0.07, 0.22). Among children, NC was positively associated with FBS (CC: 0.12, 95% CI 0.07, 0.16), TG (CC: 0.21, 95% CI 0.17, 0.25), and TC concentrations (CC: 0.07, 95% CI 0.02, 0.12). However, it was not significant for LDL-C. CONCLUSION NC has a good predictive value to identify some cardiometabolic risk factors. There was a positive association between high NC and most cardiometabolic risk factors. However due to high heterogeneity, findings should be declared with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asal Ataie-Jafari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Development of Research & Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Esmaeili Abdar
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sara Sarrafi Zadehe
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asayesh
- Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarei
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Armita Mahdavi Gorabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Mansourian
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Bouhenni H, Daoudi H, Djemai H, Noirez P, Rouabah A, Vitiello D, Rouabah L. Relationships between metabolic profile, hypertension and uric acid with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents with abdominal obesity: impact of geodemographic factors on the prevalence of abdominal obesity. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2017; 32:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2017-0107/ijamh-2017-0107.xml. [PMID: 29168965 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Association of hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia and high blood pressure (BP) among adolescents with high waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) remains not fully addressed and could represent a new way to diagnose adolescents early with cardiometabolic risk. Objective We aimed to determine abdominal obesity (AO) prevalence and investigate relations between AO, uric acid (UA), lipid profiles, BP and geographical patterns in adolescents. Subjects 577 and 204 Algerian students aged between 10 and 19 years were included in our epidemiological and biochemical studies, respectively. Methods Height, weight, waist circumference (Wc) and hip circumferences, body mass index (BMI) and BP were measured. Fasting blood sampling was performed to measure glycemia, lipid profile, uricemia, insulinemia and leptinemia. The WHtR ≥0.50 was applied for the diagnosis of AO and geodemographics was evaluated. Results The prevalence of AO was 12.13% among all students, 19.17% and 16.39% among students living in urban and plain areas, respectively. The risk of AO may be reduced in rural and mountainous areas. Lipid parameters, UA, insulin and leptin serum concentrations were significantly increased in adolescents with WHtR ≥0.50 compared to those with WHtR <0.50. Cardiometabolic risk was increased with WHtR ≥0.50 and BMI >26. Means of BMI, Wc, BP, and lipid parameters were significantly increased in the fourth quartiles compared to the first quartile of UA. Conclusion Urban areas and plains represent factors contributing to AO and WHtR ≥0.50 may be used as a cut-off point to define risks of high BP, lipid abnormalities and UA serum level in Algerian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamida Bouhenni
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life Sciences, Mentouri Brothers University, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Hadjer Daoudi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life Sciences, Mentouri Brothers University, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Haidar Djemai
- IRMES - Institute for Research in Biomedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France.,EA 7329, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Noirez
- IRMES - Institute for Research in Biomedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France.,EA 7329, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France
| | - Abdelkader Rouabah
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life Sciences, Mentouri Brothers University, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Damien Vitiello
- IRMES - Institute for Research in Biomedecine and Epidemiology of Sport, Paris, France.,National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance - INSEP, Paris, France.,EA 7329, Paris Descartes University, School of Sport Sciences, 1 Lacretelle street, 75015, Paris, France, Phone: +331176533402
| | - Leila Rouabah
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life Sciences, Mentouri Brothers University, 1 Ain El bey street, 25000, Constantine, Algeria, Phone: +213777065109
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24
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Rajagopalan A, Balaji N. Association of Neck Circumference and Obesity with Blood Pressure among Adolescents in Urban and Rural Population in North Tamil Nadu. J Nat Sci Biol Med 2017; 8:144-149. [PMID: 28781477 PMCID: PMC5523518 DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.jnsbm_29_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Since a few studies exist on the association of neck circumference (NC) and obesity with blood pressure (BP) among adolescents in India, we found it highly relevant to measure the NC and body mass index (BMI) using them as indicators of upper body subcutaneous fat and obesity and relate them to BP in a rural and urban adolescent population in North Tamil Nadu. Materials and Methods: This is a community-based cross-sectional study of descriptive design where 500 students from urban and rural areas were selected, and their BMI, NC, and BP were measured using standardized instruments. Results: Among urban and rural population high and normal NC positively correlated with BMI, systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), indicating that the data clearly reflects increase in BMI, SBP, and DBP values with increase in NC or vice versa. The correlation was statistically significant (P < 0.001) significantly higher BMI (P < 0.01), SBP (P < 0.05), and NC (P < 0.001) was observed in urban population than rural. DBP was not significantly different in rural and urban population. 95th percentile values are significantly higher than rest in both urban and rural population. Only the 95th percentile values correlate and reflect similar changes in BMI, SBP, and DBP. Conclusion: Our studies indicate a strong association of elevation in BP with high NC and increase in BMI. Overweight and obesity were positively correlated with increase in SBP and DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Rajagopalan
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nisha Balaji
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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25
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Motta JM, Lemos TM, Consolim-Colombo FM, Moyses RMA, Gusmão MAN, Egan BM, Lopes HF. Abnormalities of Anthropometric, Hemodynamic, and Autonomic Variables in Offspring of Hypertensive Parents. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 18:942-8. [PMID: 26935870 PMCID: PMC8032096 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Young adult offspring of hypertensive parents (pHTN⊕) are a good model for assessing abnormalities of anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and autonomic variables prior to clinical hypertension. The objectives of this study were to determine whether these variables and autonomic responses to oral carbohydrates were altered in offspring of pHTN⊕. Two hundred consecutive patients, including 100 pHTN⊕, were evaluated, with 29 patients, including 14 pHTN⊕, given a 70-gram carbohydrate load. The pHTN⊕ group had higher blood pressure, pulse pressure, abdominal circumference (AC), weight, body mass index, and basal metabolic rate than offspring of normotensive parents (pHTN∅). At baseline, the low-frequency (LF, sympathetic) to high-frequency (HF, parasympathetic) ratio, assessed by spectral analysis of heart rate variability, was similar in both groups. After the carbohydrate load, the LF/HF ratio was greater in offspring of pHTN⊕. pHTN⊕ individuals have abnormalities of anthropometric and hemodynamic variables at baseline and autonomic responses to oral carbohydrates before developing hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane M Motta
- Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, Sao Paulo, Brasil.
- Hospital Campo Limpo, São Paulo, Brasil.
| | | | - Fernanda M Consolim-Colombo
- Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, Sao Paulo, Brasil
- Heart Institute (InCor) Medical School Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Brent M Egan
- Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Heno F Lopes
- Universidade Nove de Julho-UNINOVE, Sao Paulo, Brasil
- Heart Institute (InCor) Medical School Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
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26
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Ma C, Wang R, Liu Y, Lu Q, Lu N, Tian Y, Liu X, Yin F. Performance of obesity indices for screening elevated blood pressure in pediatric population: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4811. [PMID: 27684808 PMCID: PMC5265901 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is closely related with obesity in pediatric population. Obesity indices were used for screening elevated blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. The present study was to perform a meta-analysis to assess the performance of obesity indices, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), for identifying elevated BP in children and adolescents. METHODS Data sources were PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane, and SCOPUS up to May 2016. Studies providing measures of diagnostic performance of obesity indices and using age-, sex-, and height-specific BP 95% as reference standard (the definition of United State Fourth Report) were included. We extracted available data on true-positive, false-positive, true-negative, and false-negative to construct a 2 × 2 contingency table and computed the pooled summary statistics for the sensitivities and specificities to estimate the diagnostic performance. RESULTS Nine eligible studies that evaluated 25,424 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivities were 42% (BMI), 42% (WC), and 43% (WHtR). The pooled specificities were 80% (BMI), 75% (WC), and 77% (WHtR). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of obesity indices were 0.7780 (BMI), 0.7181 (WC), and 0.6697 (WHtR), respectively. In this meta-analysis, the BP measurements were based on 3 visits in only 1 study. The prevalence of hypertension may be overestimated in these studies. CONCLUSIONS The present meta-analysis showed that the performance of obesity indices for identifying elevated BP was poor. Our findings do not support the performance of WC and WHtR is superior to BMI to help identify children with elevated BP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fuzai Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, China
- Correspondence: Fuzai Yin, Department of Endocrinology, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000 Hebei Province, China (e-mail: )
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27
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Hassan NE, Atef A, El-Masry SA, Ibrahim A, Shady MMA, Al-Tohamy M, Kamel IH, Elashry GIA. Neck Circumference as a Predictor of Adiposity among Healthy and Obese Children. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2015; 3:558-62. [PMID: 27275287 PMCID: PMC4877887 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2015.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity, particularly in the upper part of body, is a major health problem. Because body mass index (BMI) does not adequately describe regional adiposity, other indices of body fatness are being explored. OBJECTIVES: To determine if neck circumference is a valid measure of adiposity (fat distribution) among group of Egyptian children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This is a cross sectional study, included 50 obese subjects, aged 7 - 12 years recruited from Endocrine, obesity and Metabolism Pediatric Unit at Children Hospital, Cairo University and 50 healthy children, age and sex matched. All children were subjected to blood pressure assessment (systolic SBP and diastolic DBP), and anthropometric assessment (body weight, height, neck circumference (NC), waist (WC) and hip (HC) circumferences, and skin fold thicknesses at three sites: biceps, triceps and sub scapular. BMI [weight (kg)/height (m2)] was calculated. RESULTS: In healthy females, significant associations were detected between NC and SBP, DBP and all anthropometric measurements. However, in healthy males NC was not significantly associated with BMI, SBP and DBP. In the obese group; both sexes; insignificant association was found between NC and SBP, DBP, BMI and skinfold thickness. CONCLUSION: NC is related to fat distribution among normal healthy female children. However, this relation disappears with increasing adiposity. The results do not support the use of NC as a useful screening tool for childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayera E Hassan
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (Affiliation ID 60014618)
| | - Abeer Atef
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit (DEMPU), New Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sahar A El-Masry
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (Affiliation ID 60014618)
| | - Amany Ibrahim
- Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolism Pediatric Unit (DEMPU), New Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mones M Abu Shady
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (Affiliation ID: 60014618)
| | - Muhammad Al-Tohamy
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (Affiliation ID 60014618)
| | - Iman H Kamel
- Child Health Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (Affiliation ID: 60014618)
| | - Galal Ismail Ahmed Elashry
- Biological Anthropology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (Affiliation ID 60014618)
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