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Pedersen MJ, Høst C, Hansen SN, Klotsche J, Minden K, Deleuran BW, Bech BH. School Well-Being and Academic Performance of Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A National Register-Based Study. J Rheumatol 2024; 51:804-810. [PMID: 38561185 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.2023-1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate how school well-being (SWB) and academic performance of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compare to their peers on a national level using the Danish national registers. Further, we investigated the potential influence of socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS A population-wide, register-based, cross-sectional study was performed. We compared the results of children with and without JIA in the Danish National Well-Being Questionnaire (DNWQ), the National Danish School Testing (NDST), and their ninth grade (aged approximately 16 yrs) final school marks in Danish and mathematics. The results were analyzed using adjusted ordinal logistic regression (SWB) and linear regression (tests and marks). RESULTS In separate cohorts, we included a total of 505,340 children answering the DNWQ, 812,461 children with NDST results, and the ninth-grade final marks of 581,804 children. Of these children, 1042, 1541, and 1410, respectively, fulfilled the criteria of JIA. Children with JIA reported SWB comparable to their peers, except for the question "Do you perform well in school?" (odds ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.81-0.99). In the NDST, the children with JIA in general did just as well as their peers. We found no differences in the ninth-grade final marks in either Danish or mathematics. Stratifying the analyses on SES showed no significant differences in the associations. CONCLUSION Overall, children with JIA report SWB comparable to that of children without JIA and perform equally well in school as children without JIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malthe J Pedersen
- M.J. Pedersen, MD, S.N. Hansen, PhD, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Christian Høst
- C. Høst, MD, PhD, Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stefan Nygaard Hansen
- M.J. Pedersen, MD, S.N. Hansen, PhD, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Klotsche
- J. Klotsche, PhD, Epidemiology Unit, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kirsten Minden
- K. Minden, MD, Epidemiology Unit, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, and Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bent W Deleuran
- B.W. Deleuran, MD, Department of Rheumatology, and Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bodil H Bech
- B.H. Bech, MD, PhD, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Lindholdt L, Svendsen K, Rothausen KW, Bech BH. Social well-being and problematic school absence among Danish adolescents: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Scand J Public Health 2024; 52:660-667. [PMID: 37246849 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231173176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM Adolescents' well-being and school absence are important factors for public health. The aim of this study was to examine the association between social well-being and problematic school absence among Danish adolescents in the ninth grade, as well as to examine potential sex differences, using a large cohort of adolescents. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, information on social well-being was obtained from the yearly Danish National Well-being Questionnaire mandatory in compulsory school. Data on school absence was obtained from the Ministry of Children and Education. The study population comprised 203,570 adolescents in the school years 2014/2015 to 2019/2020. The association between social well-being and problematic school-absence was analysed using logistic regression. A stratified analysis was made to investigate potential sex differences. RESULTS A total of 17,555 (9.16%) adolescents had problematic school absence, defined as >10% illegal absence and/or sickness absence in the ninth grade. Adolescents with low social well-being had higher odds for having problematic school absence compared with adolescents with high social well-being, adjusted odds ratio=2.22 (95% confidence interval 2.10-2.34). When stratifying for sex, the association was strongest for girls. The results remained after adjustment for parents' educational level and family structure. CONCLUSIONS Associations between adolescents' social well-being and problematic school absence were found, where girls had the strongest association. These findings might provide knowledge about social well-being as an important factor for problematic school absence, while underlining the importance of early focus and prevention, which is of importance for both the adolescents and society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrine Svendsen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
- Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Bodil H Bech
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Denmark
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McOwat K, Pinto Pereira SM, Nugawela MD, Ladhani SN, Newlands F, Stephenson T, Simmons R, Semple MG, Segal T, Buszewicz M, Heyman I, Chalder T, Ford T, Dalrymple E, Shafran R. The CLoCk study: A retrospective exploration of loneliness in children and young people during the COVID-19 pandemic, in England. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294165. [PMID: 37988366 PMCID: PMC10662715 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic children and young people (CYP) were socially restricted during a stage of life crucial to development, potentially putting an already vulnerable population at higher risk of loneliness, social isolation, and poorer wellbeing. The objectives of this study are to conduct an exploratory analysis into loneliness before and during the pandemic, and determine which self-reported factors are associated with loneliness. METHODS AND FINDINGS Participants from The Children with Long COVID (CLoCk) national study were invited to take part via an online survey, with a total of 31,017 participants taking part, 31,016 of which reported on their experience of loneliness. Participants retrospectively answered questions on demographics, lifestyle, physical health and mental health and loneliness before the pandemic and at the time of answering the survey. Before the pandemic 6.5% (2,006/31,016) of participants reported experiencing loneliness "Often/Always" and at the time of survey completion 17.4% (5,395/31,016) reported feeling lonelier. There was an association between meeting the research definition of long COVID and loneliness [3.49 OR, 95%CI 3.28-3.72]. CYP who reported feeling lonelier at the time of the survey than before the pandemic were assigned female at birth, older CYP, those from Black/African/Caribbean/Black British or other ethnicity groups, those that had 3-4 siblings and lived in more deprived areas. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate associations between multiple factors and experiences of loneliness during the pandemic. There is a need for a multi-faceted integrated approach when developing interventions targeted at loneliness. It is important to follow up the CYP involved at regular intervals to investigate the progression of their experience of loneliness over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey McOwat
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Snehal M. Pinto Pereira
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Manjula D. Nugawela
- University College London—Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shamez N. Ladhani
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Newlands
- University College London—Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Terence Stephenson
- University College London—Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Simmons
- Immunisations and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Department, UK Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm G. Semple
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit for Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Respiratory Medicine, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Institute in The Park, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Terry Segal
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescence, University College London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Buszewicz
- University College London—Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Isobel Heyman
- University College London—Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Trudie Chalder
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamsin Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Hershel Smith Building Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Dalrymple
- University College London—Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Roz Shafran
- University College London—Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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Vowels LM, Comolli CL, Bernardi L, Chacón-Mendoza D, Darwiche J. Systematic review and theoretical comparison of children's outcomes in post-separation living arrangements. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288112. [PMID: 37390081 PMCID: PMC10313020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the systematic review was to synthesize the literature on children's outcomes across different living arrangements (nuclear families, shared physical custody [SPC], lone physical custody [LPC]) by extracting and structuring relevant theoretical hypotheses (selection, instability, fewer resources, and stressful mobility) and comparing the empirical findings against these hypotheses. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the review included 39 studies conducted between January 2010-December 2022 and compared the living arrangements across five domains of children's outcomes: emotional, behavioral, relational, physical, and educational. The results showed that children's outcomes were the best in nuclear families but in 75% of the studies children in SPC arrangements had equal outcomes. Children in LPC tended to report the worst outcomes. When compared with the different theoretical hypotheses, the results were the most consistent with fewer resources hypothesis which suggests that children especially in LPC families have fewer relational and economic resources whereas children in SPC families are better able to maintain resources from both parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Vowels
- Family and Development Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chiara L. Comolli
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Bernardi
- LIVES, Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Chacón-Mendoza
- Center for Research and Political Studies, University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Joëlle Darwiche
- Family and Development Research Center (FADO), Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Buitrago Ramírez F, Ciurana Misol R, Fernández Alonso MDC, Tizón JL. [Prevention of mental health disorders in primary care: Children of single-parent families. Pregnancy in adolescence]. Aten Primaria 2022; 54 Suppl 1:102445. [PMID: 36435588 PMCID: PMC9705223 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2022.102445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Buitrago Ramírez
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Universitario La Paz, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Badajoz, España.
| | | | | | - Jorge L Tizón
- Psiquiatría y Neurología, Psicología y Psicoanálisis, Institut Universitaria de Salut Mental, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, España
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Beck MS, Fjorback LO, Juul L. Associations between mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among schoolchildren. A cross-sectional survey in Denmark 2019. Scand J Public Health 2021; 50:463-470. [PMID: 33845684 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211002062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aims: We aimed to investigate associations between mental health and sociodemographic characteristics among schoolchildren in Denmark. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey from January to October 2019 among 4th to 9th graders (N=1247) based on pilot data from a nationwide research project Stress-free Everyday LiFe for Children and Adolescents REsearch (SELFCARE). We assessed mental health using the five-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index and the self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. We investigated associations between mental health and sex, age in terms of grade, type of school, family setting and geographic region using regression analysis. Results: Mental health was poorer among girls in the older classes compared to girls in 4th grade, and better among boys in the older classes compared to boys in 4th grade. We found no difference in mental health among schoolchildren in municipal and private schools. Mental health was poorer among both girls and boys living alternately with their parents compared to residing with both of them. Mental health varied across geographic regions. Conclusions: We found associations between mental health and sex, age in terms of grade, family setting and geographic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Beck
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Center for Mindfulness, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Lone O Fjorback
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Center for Mindfulness, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Lise Juul
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Center for Mindfulness, Aarhus University, Denmark
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