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Al-Yateem N, Slewa-Younan S, Halimi A, Saeed SA, Tliti D, Mohammad M, Ridwan M, Zeidan R, Hammash MH, Ahmed FR, Dias JM, Rahman SA, Subu MA, Hijazi H, Yeganeh F, Momani A, Zandi M, Mottershead R. Prevalence of Undiagnosed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms in the Young Adult Population of the United Arab Emirates: A National Cross-Sectional Study. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2024; 14:45-53. [PMID: 38079098 PMCID: PMC11043292 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a globally prevalent behavioural disorder, remains underdiagnosed, particularly among adults. This issue is exacerbated in the Arab region due to stigma and insufficient healthcare facilities and professionals. Despite the United Arab Emirates (UAE) efforts to improve mental healthcare, shortcomings persist. No studies in the UAE currently assesses the appropriateness of the screening system for ADHD and other behavioural issues. Furthermore, prevalence rates of ADHD, particularly within the young adult population, are absent. AIM To estimate the prevalence of ADHD amongst young adults attending university in UAE and examine its relationship with gender and academic outcomes. METHODS A cross-sectional, correlational design was used. Young adults in their first year at university were recruited from different academic institutions across the UAE. The study utilized the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) for data collection. RESULTS A sample of 406 young adults, aged between 18 and 20 years of age were recruited. Approximately, 34.7% (n = 141) reported symptoms suggestive of probable ADHD. Significantly lower grade point average marks were observed in participants with ADHD symptoms (M = 3.15) compared to those without (M = 3.35). Females reported symptoms of probable ADHD at higher rates than males, indicating possibly a potential screening deficiency and a potential stigma consequence. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates a high prevalence of probable ADHD in young adults, particularly among females attending university in the United Arab Emirates. Implications for early screening, service provision, and greater professional health training on this disorder are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
- Faculty of Science and Health, School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Healthcare Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia.
| | | | - Aram Halimi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Aideed Saeed
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Daniah Tliti
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muna Mohammad
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mada Ridwan
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Razan Zeidan
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muna Hasan Hammash
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Refaat Ahmed
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Critical Care and Emergency Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jacqueline Maria Dias
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Syed Azizur Rahman
- Department of Health Care Management, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Muhammad Arsyad Subu
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Heba Hijazi
- Department of Health Care Management, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Fatemeh Yeganeh
- Daphne Cockwell School of Nursing, G, Raymond Chang School of Continuing Education, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aaliyah Momani
- Maternal and Children Nursing Health Department, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, 21 Al Arab St, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mitra Zandi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Richard Mottershead
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O.B 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Al Anouti F, Grant WB, Thomas J, AlBlooshi S, Karras S. Associations between Dietary Intake of Vitamin D, Sun Exposure, and Generalized Anxiety among College Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245327. [PMID: 36558485 PMCID: PMC9780868 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency impacts about half of the population worldwide. Almost one billion individuals across all ages and ethnicities suffer from vitamin D deficiency. Hypovitaminosis D is mainly related to lifestyle choices and habits, such as outdoor activities and food intake. Several studies have demonstrated a correlation between vitamin D status and anxiety symptoms. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between anxiety and factors including age, vitamin D deficiency, citizens, dietary and supplementary vitamin D intake, along with sun exposure, among a sample of female college students in the United Arab Emirates. A descriptive questionnaire, including a short version of the generalized anxiety disorder scale, food frequency questionnaire, and sun avoidance inventory, was used to assess the relationship between the dietary intake of vitamin D-rich foods and supplements, along with sun avoidance/exposure and generalized anxiety, among a total of 386 female participants aged 18 and above. The findings showed clear evidence that sun avoidance behaviors are strongly associated with an elevated risk of generalized anxiety disorder among adult females in the United Arab Emirates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatme Al Anouti
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (F.A.A.); (S.K.)
| | - William B. Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164, USA
| | - Justin Thomas
- School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5UX, UK
| | - Sharifa AlBlooshi
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai P.O. Box 19282, United Arab Emirates
| | - Spyridon Karras
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Medical School of Aristotle University, 55535 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (F.A.A.); (S.K.)
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Maloh HIAA, Jarrah S, Al-Yateem N, Ahmed FR, AbuRuz ME. Open visitation policy in intensive care units in Jordan: cross-sectional study of nurses' perceptions. BMC Nurs 2022; 21:336. [PMID: 36457014 PMCID: PMC9715403 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-022-01116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intensive care unit patients and families experience significant stress. It creates frustrations, nervousness, irritability, social isolation for patients, anxiety, and depression for families. An open visitation policy with no time or duration limits may assist in reducing these negative experiences. However, most Jordanian and regional hospitals within the Middle-East and Northern Africa (MENA) have not implemented this strategy. PURPOSE To evaluate nurse managers' and nurses' perspectives on the effects of an open visitation policy at intensive care units (ICUs) on patients, families, and nurses' care. METHOD A cross-sectional, descriptive, and comparative survey design was used. RESULTS A total of 234 nurses participated in the study; 59.4% were males, and 40.6% were females. The mean of their age was 28.6 years, with a mean of 4.1 years of experience. Nurses generally had negative perceptions and attitudes toward the open visitation policy and its consequences on the patient, family, and nursing care. CONCLUSIONS ICU managers and staff nurses did not favor implementing an open visitation in their units despite its known benefits, international recommendations, and relevance and compatibility with the local religious and cultural context. A serious discussion regarding this hesitation from the side of the healthcare professionals should be started to find a suitable solutions that consider the benefits of the open visitation policy and the challenges that prevent its implementation in the Jordanian and Arabic cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samiha Jarrah
- Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Fatma Refaat Ahmed
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- Critical Care and Emergency Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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KORKUT B, KALEM P, İNCİ H, MİRZA A, CİNDORUK İO, SUNAY D. Evaluating mental health literacy in a university hospital: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.32322/jhsm.1128279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Mental state and social condition are integrally linked to a person’s physical health. The present study investigates the mental health literacy levels of patients aged 30–50 years who presented to the outpatient clinics of training and research hospital, as well as the relationship between mental health literacy and sociodemographic characteristics.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study included 522 patients aged 30–50 years who presented to the Adult Outpatient Clinics of Karabuk University Training and Research Hospital between October and December 2021. The participants were administered a two-part, 33-item face-to-face questionnaire, in which the first part included 11 items assessing sociodemographic characteristics, and the second part included a 22-item scale comprising three (knowledge, belief, and resource-oriented) subscales for the measurement of the level of Mental Health Literacy (MHL).
Results: The mean scores of knowledge, belief and resource-oriented subscales were 8.92±0.98, 1.16±0.92 and 3.37±0.71, respectively, and the mean total MHL scale score was 13.46±1.39. The participants' education level, employment status, financial status, presence of chronic and psychiatric diseases, and psychiatric medication were significantly associated with the MHL scale scores (p=0.013, p=0.023, p=0.024, p=0.000, p=0.000 and p= 0.000, respectively).
Conclusion: As the level of MHL increases, so does the person’s awareness of the symptoms of mental health disorders and the correct use of appropriate treatment resources. It is believed that training programs aimed at improving mental health literacy will improve health-related social outcomes, thereby reducing the burden of disease.
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Al-Yateem N, Rossiter R, Subu MA, Slewa-Younan S, Azizur Rahman S, Dias JM, Al-Marzouqi A. A qualitative exploration of mental health knowledge among pediatric health professionals in the United Arab Emirates. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266224. [PMID: 35349585 PMCID: PMC8963574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health literacy (MHL) is an essential competency for all healthcare professionals. In the United Arab Emirates, previous studies reported a low level of MHL among healthcare professionals working with vulnerable populations such as children and adolescents with chronic illnesses. Further in-depth exploration is necessary to build understanding of beliefs and knowledge about mental illness among pediatric health professionals. METHODS Written narratives exploring mental health knowledge were collected from pediatric nurses and analyzed using content analysis. These written narratives were extracted from responses to open-ended questions embedded in a questionnaire completed as part of previous studies. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research were followed in reporting this study. RESULTS The overarching theme that emerged from the data was that nurses struggled to negotiate the complexities of psychological distress and mental illness. Two overlapping sub-themes were identified: (1) professional knowledge was incomplete, confused, and lacking in clarity and (2) professional knowledge was impacted by cultural beliefs and stigma. A third sub-theme reflected how participants identified with others' suffering and felt powerless to help themselves or others. Participants described stress and mental exhaustion. CONCLUSIONS Participants' narratives were characterized by struggles arising from insufficient knowledge, confusion, and deeply-held cultural and religious beliefs. Therefore, they were unable to resolve the conflict between professional knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about mental illness and stigma arising from cultural and religious beliefs/attitudes. Culturally-specific education is needed for healthcare professionals that addresses contextual, cultural, and religious factors impacting on stigma while actively supporting the healthcare workforce and enabling access to mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Rossiter
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Muhammad Arsyad Subu
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | | | - Syed Azizur Rahman
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Jacqueline Maria Dias
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Amina Al-Marzouqi
- Department of Health Services Administration, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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Man A, van Ballegooie C. Assessment of the Readability of Web-Based Patient Education Material From Major Canadian Pediatric Associations: Cross-sectional Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2022; 5:e31820. [PMID: 35293875 PMCID: PMC8968558 DOI: 10.2196/31820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web-based patient education materials (PEMs) are frequently written above the recommended reading level in North America. Poor PEM readability limits the accessibility of medical information for individuals with average literacy levels or lower. Pediatric hospital and association websites have not only been shown to be a preferred source of information among caregivers but have also become a necessity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The readability of Canadian pediatric association websites has not yet been assessed. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to determine if the content of PEMs from Canadian pediatric associations is written at a reading level that the majority of Canadians can understand. METHODS A total of 258 PEMs were extracted from 10 Canadian pediatric associations and evaluated for their reading level using 10 validated readability scales. The PEMs underwent a difficult word analysis and comparisons between PEMs from different associations were conducted. RESULTS Web-based PEMs were identified from 3 pediatric association websites, where the reading level (calculated as a grade level) was found to be an average of 8.8 (SD 1.8) for the Caring for Kids website, 9.5 (SD 2.2) for the Pediatric Endocrine Group website, and 13.1 (SD 2.1) for the Atlantic Pediatric Society website. The difficult word analysis identified that 19.9% (SD 6.6%) of words were unfamiliar, with 13.3% (SD 5.3%) and 31.9% (SD 6.1%) of words being considered complex (≥3 syllables) and long (≥6 letters), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The web-based PEMs were found to be written above the recommended seventh-grade reading level for Canadians. Consideration should be made to create PEMs at an appropriate reading level for both patients and their caregivers to encourage health literacy and ultimately promote preventative health behaviors and improve child health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Man
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Courtney van Ballegooie
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Experimental Therapeutics, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Wang A, Jia S, Shi Z, Sun X, Zhu Y, Shen M. Validation and Psychometric Testing of the Chinese Version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale Among Nurses. Front Psychol 2022; 12:791883. [PMID: 35153915 PMCID: PMC8826253 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.791883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) is the most widely used and strong theory-based measurement tool to gain an understanding of mental health knowledge and ability. This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS-C) and to document the norm and its influential factors of mental health literacy among nurses. The MHLS was translated following Brislin's translation model and tested with a sample of 872 clinical registered nurses. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professionals (JSE-HP), Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2) were administered to assess convergent validity. The minimum average partial test, parallel analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported 4 first-order 2 second-order structure. The 4 factors were named "knowledge of mental disorder," "ability to seek information and help," "recognition of mental disorder," and "acceptance of patients with mental illness," with factor 1-3 were summarized into MHLS-Core (Core literacy subscale) and factor 4 as MHLS-SA (Social acceptance subscale). The MHLS-C was moderately negatively correlated with the PHQ-2 and GAD-2 (-0.111, -0.081) and highly positively correlated with JSE-HP (0.492). The Cronbach's α was 0.85 for the overall scale and 0.89 and 0.93 for two subscales. The test-retest reliability was good, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of 0.80 for the whole scale, and 0.79 and 0.94 for two subscales. As an approximately normal distribution, the 50 th percentile for the MHLS-C was 99, with 50 th percentiles of 74 and 20 for MHLS-Core and MHLS-SA. Higher position, higher professional credentials, higher hospital hierarchy, other specialist hospital, psychiatric hospital and unmarried status were positive predictors. The 29-item MHLS-C, with two subscales of MHLS-Core and MHLE-SA, is a stable and validated tool to measure mental health literacy. MHLS-Core could be used independently to measure the core content of mental health literacy. It may be applicable for Chinese health professionals, but need further validation among the general public. MHL curriculum and a targeted culturally appropriate program for acceptance for health professionals, especially for those in general hospitals and with less working tenure, may be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Wang
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shoumei Jia
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xiaomin Sun
- Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaoli Shen
- Changning District Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
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Mahmoodi SMH, Ahmadzad-Asl M, Eslami M, Abdi M, Hosseini Kahnamoui Y, Rasoulian M. Mental Health Literacy and Mental Health Information-Seeking Behavior in Iranian University Students. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:893534. [PMID: 35770063 PMCID: PMC9234209 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.893534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inadequate Mental health literacy (MHL) is a problem worldwide. Research is limited in developing countries and about positive MHL. This study measured the disease-oriented MHL and positive MHL and investigated their association. In addition, this study explored the mental health information-seeking behavior among undergraduate students in Iran. METHODS This study recruited undergraduate students of Tehran public universities through multistage stratified random sampling to undertake an analytical cross-sectional study. MHL was measured using Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) and Mental Health Positive Knowledge (MHPK). Participants' most used mental health information sources and their trust in them were also inspected. RESULTS A total of 543 students participated in this study. On average, the participants achieved about 65% of the total possible MHLS score, and 71% of participants showed sufficient MHPK score. The "internet" was the most used source for receiving and searching for mental health information. The most trusted source was "health care staff". This study detected no correlation between disease-oriented MHL and positive MHL. CONCLUSIONS Mental health literacy of Iranian students still seems to be insufficient. As disease-oriented MHL and positive MHL were not correlated, specific educational interventions for each domain are needed. Although the internet is the main source of mental health knowledge, the trust of student in it is low. This issue should be taken into consideration in designing online educational interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Hossein Mahmoodi
- Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Ahmadzad-Asl
- Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Eslami
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Abdi
- Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Rasoulian
- Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Al‐Yateem N, Ahmed FR, Alameddine M, Dias JM, Saifan AR, Subu MA, Hijazi H, AbuRuz ME. Psychological distress among the nursing workforce in the United Arab Emirates: Comparing levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurs Forum 2022; 57:1314-1320. [PMID: 36210355 PMCID: PMC9874575 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses make up the majority of the healthcare workforce. They contribute to the development of healthcare systems and the provision of high-quality, effective, and patient-centered healthcare services. However, nurses need good mental and emotional well-being to provide adequate care and the necessary physical and mental health support for their clients. This study aimed to determine the level of generalized psychological distress among nurses in the United Arab Emirates. As this study was initiated before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we were able to compare data gathered before and during the pandemic. METHOD This study used a cross-sectional correlational design. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) was used to measure generalized psychological distress. Nurses' distress levels were measured and compared before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS In total, 988 participants completed the questionnaire. The majority (n = 629, 63.7%) were employed in hospitals and the remainder worked in primary healthcare settings (n = 359, 36.3%). The mean distress score was 27.1 ± 13.7; 42.1% (n = 416) of participants had a severe level of distress, and only 36.4% (n = 360) reported no distress. More participants had severe stress levels before COVID-19 (59.5%, n = 386) compared with during COVID-19 (10.9%, n = 30). CONCLUSIONS Participants' K10 scores suggest that nurses experience significant distress, which may compromise their ability to care for their clients. This study emphasizes the importance of supporting nurses as a preliminary step to improving patient care. Despite the pressure of working during the COVID-19 pandemic, participants' general distress scores were lower during than before the pandemic. Organizational, governmental, and global support and appreciation may have contributed to relieving the distress nurses experienced. This may be a useful ongoing approach for enhancing healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Al‐Yateem
- Nursing Department, College of Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUAE,Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences ‐ Health and Workforce Studies Research GroupUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Refaat Ahmed
- Nursing Department, College of Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUAE
| | - Mohamad Alameddine
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences ‐ Health and Workforce Studies Research GroupUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates,Health Service Administration Department, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUAE
| | | | - Ahmad Rajeh Saifan
- Clinical Nursing DepartmentApplied Science Private UniversityAmmanJordan
| | - Muhamad Arsyad Subu
- Nursing Department, College of Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUAE
| | - Heba Hijazi
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences ‐ Health and Workforce Studies Research GroupUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates,Department of Health Management and Policy, Faculty of MedicineJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
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Al-Yateem N, Fakhry R, Saifan AR, Saqan R, Alrimawi I. Assessing sense of coherence as an element of primary-focused health services in schools for children and adolescents with complex health care needs. J Nurs Manag 2021; 30:582-591. [PMID: 34799949 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to clarify if sense of coherence (SOC) could be used as an element of primary-focused health services in schools. BACKGROUND The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is striving to develop a high-quality, primary-focused health care system. School health care services are well established in the UAE but have not yet been fully used to play a key role in this development. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey study to explore adolescents' SOC and their behavioural, psychosocial and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 408 adolescents participated in this study. Compared with others, adolescents with higher SOC had better adherence to treatment, fewer visits to the school nurse, better self-efficacy, fewer hyperactivity problems, fewer emotional problems, more prosocial behaviours and fewer conduct problems. CONCLUSION Implementing interventions that improve SOC may support improved well-being among adolescents. The findings also support the use of SOC and salutogenesis as a framework to reinforce primary health care services for this population. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Health service managers can utilize SOC as a framework to focus service on illness prevention and health promotion, they should collaborate with education authorities to include more health-related topics as part of school curricula to promote students' SOC and, finally, they should assess and build awareness of SOC and associated tools among school nurses and primary health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Randa Fakhry
- Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Roba Saqan
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Intima Alrimawi
- School of Nursing and Health Professions, Trinity Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Characterizing individuals accessing mental health services in the UAE: a focus on youth living in Dubai. Int J Ment Health Syst 2021; 15:29. [PMID: 33789685 PMCID: PMC8011192 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-021-00452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most mental health issues develop during adolescence, therefore identifying youth mental health needs and pathways to care is critical to improve prevention. To date, studies have typically focused on Western samples, while the impact of cultural diversity on perception of health and illness, and pathways to care, remain poorly understood. To address the shortage of studies conducted in the Arab world, and particularly in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the present investigation aims to identify the characteristics of youth accessing mental health services in Dubai. Methods Data was collected retrospectively from patients’ records at Rashid Hospital Child Psychiatry Service. Information collected included demographics, life stressors, symptoms duration, main diagnosis, and presence/absence of psychotic features in patients’ symptomatology. The relationship between demographic and clinical variables was explored using Chi-square tests and negative binomial regression models. Results The sample included 99 treatment-seeking young patients (mean age 15.3; SD = 1.7); 47.5 % were Emirati (UAE national) and 52.5 % were non-Emirati patients. In our treatment-seeking youth sample Depressive disorders represented the most frequent diagnosis, followed by Bipolar and related disorders, Anxiety and stress related disorders, and Schizophrenia and psychotic disorders. Compared to Emirati patients, non-Emirati patients were more likely to report relationships with friends as a source of stress. Female help-seekers, compared to males, were more likely to report stressful relationships with family members, and to receive a diagnosis of Depressive disorders. The duration of symptoms before seeking help was significantly predicted by family stress, gender, self-harm behavior, a symptomatology with psychotic features, and a diagnosis of Anxiety disorders. Conclusions The present study contributes to characterizing youth accessing mental health services at Rashid Hospital’s Child Psychiatry service in Dubai. An overall prevalence of poor family functioning among help-seeking youth, and the importance of peer support for expatriate youth were highlighted. Gender differences in perceived stressors, diagnoses and help-seeking behavior suggest the need to promote help-seeking among young boys. While presentation with psychotic features seems to lead to quicker access to medical care, self-harm and anxiety appear to delay help-seeking. The potential implications of our results for promoting youth wellbeing in the region are discussed.
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Elyamani R, Naja S, Al-Dahshan A, Hamoud H, Bougmiza MI, Alkubaisi N. Mental health literacy in Arab states of the Gulf Cooperation Council: A systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245156. [PMID: 33411793 PMCID: PMC7790272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health literacy (MHL) has been relatively neglected, despite the increase of mental health illnesses worldwide, as well as within the Middle East region. A low level of MHL may hinder public acceptance of evidence-based mental health care. Aim This systematic review aims to identify and appraise existing research, focusing on MHL among adults in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, and Medline) was carried out from database inception to July 2019, in order to identify peer-reviewed journal articles that investigated MHL in the GCC countries. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were: cross-sectional studies, reported in English, targeted adults (aged 18 and above), conducted in any of the GCC countries, include at least one outcome measure of the main components of MHL: knowledge of mental illnesses and their treatment, stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illnesses, and seeking help for self and offering help. Results A total of 27 studies (16,391 participants) were included. The outcome across studies varied due to disparity in the tested populations. Findings show that limited MHL was observed among participants, even health care professionals. Results also show a high cumulative level of stigma and negative attitude towards mental health illness in the public. Negative beliefs and inappropriate practices are common, as well. The majority of studies yielded a moderate to high risk of bias. Conclusion This work indicates that research on MHL must be tackled through well-designed large-scale studies of the public. Campaigns to promote early identification and treatment of mental illness is also encouraged to improve overall level of MHL in the general population of the GCC region. Registration number: PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018104492.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowaida Elyamani
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- * E-mail: (RE); (AAD)
| | - Sarah Naja
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ayman Al-Dahshan
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- * E-mail: (RE); (AAD)
| | - Hamed Hamoud
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Department of Medical Education, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed Iheb Bougmiza
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Department of Workforce Training, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Noora Alkubaisi
- Community Medicine Residency Program, Department of Workforce Training, Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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13
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Elyamani R, Hammoud H. Mental Health Literacy of Healthcare Providers in Arab Gulf Countries: A Systematic Review. J Prim Care Community Health 2020; 11:2150132720972271. [PMID: 33179551 PMCID: PMC7675914 DOI: 10.1177/2150132720972271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concept of Mental Health Literacy (MHL) relies on our capacity to understand and recognize mental illnesses and the ability to maintain and promote a positive mentality for ourselves and others. In our review, we aim to examine the level of MHL among healthcare providers in the Arab Gulf States. METHODS PubMed, PsycINFO, Medline were searched till August 2019. Studies were included if at least one of the main components of mental health literacy was reported, including (a) knowledge of mental illnesses, (b) stigma toward mental illnesses, (c) confidence in helping patients, and (d) behavior of helping patients, regardless of study design. The risk of bias was rated according to the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cross-sectional studies. RESULTS Seven studies were included in the review; all of them were cross-sectional, with a total of 3516 participants from the healthcare system. Overall most of the studies claimed limited knowledge, negative attitudes, behavior and/or confidence among nurses, pharmacists, and physicians, especially juniors. However, the overall quality of all outcomes was relatively very low. CONCLUSION More high-quality evidence and in-depth qualitative studies are required to bridge the gap between mental health needs and services delivered by healthcare providers in the Gulf Arab region.
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Naal H, Tavitian-Elmadjian LR, Yacoubian HA. Predictors of mental health literacy in a sample of university students in Lebanon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2020.1838239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hady Naal
- Department of Psychology, Haigazian University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Global Health Institute at the American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lucy R. Tavitian-Elmadjian
- Department of Psychology, Haigazian University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Culture Studies, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Al-Yateem N, Subu MA, Al-Shujairi A, Alrimawi I, Ali HM, Hasan K, Dad NP, Brenner M. Coping among adolescents with long-term health conditions: a mixed-methods study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 29:762-769. [PMID: 32649257 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2020.29.13.762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents with long-term health conditions may be at risk of developing psychological comorbidities and adopting ineffective coping mechanisms if they are not adequately supported at home or school. AIM To understand the strategies adolescents use when dealing with challenging health situations, and gain an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of their preferred care environment if they have unexpected health crises. DESIGN The study used a concurrent mixed-methods design, with data gathered between January and May 2019. Descriptive and non-parametric tests were used to analyse quantitative and qualitative data. RESULTS 'Problem-focused disengagement' was the most-often used coping strategy. The second and third most common strategies were 'problem-focused engagement' and 'emotion-focused engagement'. Finally, girls tended to adopt more negative coping strategies than boys. The analysis revealed that most adolescents preferred home over school as the care environment because these caring agents were close and available, knew how to care for them and had the resources to provide or access care, and listened and understood them. CONCLUSION Adolescents adopted disengagement and negative coping strategies early in their attempts to cope with stressful events before adopting more positive strategies. This is alarming, especially as school health services are not sufficiently supportive of adolescents at times of stress and illness. Adolescents often perceive school providers as unavailable and lacking knowledge about their health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Research, University of Sharjah, UAE
| | - Muhammad Arsyad Subu
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Research, University of Sharjah, UAE
| | - Arwa Al-Shujairi
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Research, University of Sharjah, UAE
| | - Intima Alrimawi
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Research, University of Sharjah, UAE
| | - Hend Mohd Ali
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Research, University of Sharjah, UAE
| | - Khadija Hasan
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Research, University of Sharjah, UAE
| | - Nawal Peer Dad
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Research, University of Sharjah, UAE
| | - Maria Brenner
- Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia, and Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Research, University of Sharjah, UAE
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16
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Mohamed Ibrahim OH, Ibrahim RM, Al-Tameemi NK, Riley K. Challenges associated with mental health management: Barriers and consequences. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:971-976. [PMID: 32792842 PMCID: PMC7414072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mental illness has become a global public health issue and according to WHO report in 2015, United Arab Emirates (UAE) recorded the highest level of depression among all countries at Eastern Mediterranean Region. Many people frequently suffer from mental health diseases but tend not to obtain help. Treatment delay can become life-threatening. Objectives This study aimed to identify the barriers to seeking professional help for mental illness and the consequences of untreated mental health disorders. The study also aimed to examine outcomes in patients when help was provided by health care providers. Methods A self-administrated survey was distributed among 377 people randomly selected from general population of three different cities at United Arab Emirates (UAE): Abu Dhabi, Dubai and Sharjah. Their perception of the barriers, consequences and outcomes was analyzed to achieve the objectives of the study. Results Overall, 341 participants completed the survey. Wrong thought regarding mental disorders (60.1%) and being ashamed (58.9%) were identified to be the most common and significant barriers (P < 0.001) that prevent people from obtaining healthcare providers’ assistance. The majority of responders reported building confidence (78.9%) and improvement in relationships (73.0%) as outcomes for taking professional help in mental illness. Moreover, many individuals believed that untreated mental illness could lead to problems with family and friends (69.2%) as well as to suicidal thoughts (56.3%). Conclusion This research gives some insights regarding the challenges associated with mental diseases management in the UAE. Majority of responders had a negative perception of mental health service due to a lack of awareness regarding treatment effectiveness for mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama H Mohamed Ibrahim
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Rana M Ibrahim
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Karen Riley
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Guainseville, USA
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Al-Yateem N, Bani Issa W, Rossiter RC, Al-Shujairi A, Radwan H, Awad M, Fakhry R, Mahmoud I. Anxiety related disorders in adolescents in the United Arab Emirates: a population based cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:245. [PMID: 32450837 PMCID: PMC7249318 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anxiety disorders are common among children and adolescents. However, there is a paucity of up-to-date data on the prevalence and correlates of anxiety-related disorders among children and adolescents in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods We conducted a cross sectional study to determine the prevalence of specific anxiety-related disorders (e.g., generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, separation anxiety, social anxiety) in the UAE, and identify correlations between these disorders and adolescents’ demographic variables. Participants were 968 adolescents aged 13–18 years attending secondary schools across the UAE. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants. We collected demographic information and data about participants’ anxiety levels. Anxiety was assessed using the Arabic and English versions of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders scale. Univariate analyses (independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance) were performed to evaluate factors affecting participants’ anxiety scores. Chi-square tests were used to compare factors associated with anxiety disorders. Results Participants’ mean age was 16 ± 1.8 years, and 65.8% were female. The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders was 28%, with this being significantly higher in girls (33.6%) than boys (17.2%) (p < 0.0001). Participants aged < 16 years had higher generalized anxiety, separation anxiety, and social anxiety scores compared with those aged ≥16 years (p ≤ 0.05). Those from households with a maid had significantly higher generalized anxiety, panic disorder, separation anxiety, and significant school avoidance scores than those without a maid (p ≤ 0.05). In addition, participants from middle and low economic backgrounds had higher separation anxiety scores compared with children from high economic backgrounds (p ≤ 0.05). The multivariate analysis showed the main associated factors with anxiety were gender (being female, p < 0.001) and caregiver (other than mother and father together, p < 0.001). Conclusions We found a high incidence of anxiety-related disorders among school-aged adolescents in the UAE, with girls being more affected than boys. This suggests that age-appropriate initiatives are urgently needed to reduce the high rate of anxiety-related disorders. It may also be necessary to further investigate the two main associated factors with anxiety identified in this study (being female and non-parental caregivers).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Al-Yateem
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE. .,School of Nursing, Midwifery & Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Leeds Parade, Orange, New South Wales, Australia. .,Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Sharjah, UAE.
| | - Wegdan Bani Issa
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Rachel C Rossiter
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Leeds Parade, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Hadia Radwan
- University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Sharjah, UAE
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18
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Slewa-Younan S, Nguyen TP, Al-Yateem N, Rossiter RC, Robb W. Causes and risk factors for common mental illnesses: the beliefs of paediatric hospital staff in the United Arab Emirates. Int J Ment Health Syst 2020; 14:35. [PMID: 32489420 PMCID: PMC7247172 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-020-00367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children and adolescents with chronic physical health conditions are vulnerable to poor mental health outcomes. The measurement of mental health literacy of health professionals working with such populations is important because of their role in promoting early and appropriate help-seeking. This study sought to determine the beliefs regarding the causes of and risks factors for three types of mental illnesses amongst health professionals in United Arab Emirates. Method A culturally validated mental health literacy survey presenting three vignettes of fictional characters meeting diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder, depression with suicidal thoughts and psychosis was distributed. The survey measured health care professionals’ beliefs regarding the causes of and risk factors for these disorders. Results A total of 317 health care professional (> 90% nurses) were surveyed from across the UAE. Although 43.8% correctly endorsed exposure to a ‘traumatic event’ as the most likely cause for developing posttraumatic stress disorder, there was a more limited understanding of the contribution of biopsychosocial factors to the development of the mental illness, particularly for psychosis. Participant socio-demographic variables were associated with attributions of religious or spiritual beliefs and personal weakness as causal and/or vulnerability factors in the development of depression with suicidal thoughts and psychosis. Conclusions Efforts to improve mental health systems and health care providers in UAE and other similar Middle Eastern countries requires targeted mental health literacy programs that seek to integrate biopsychosocial models of mental illness and their treatment with the positive aspects of religious and cultural beliefs that are dominant in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shameran Slewa-Younan
- Mental Health, Translational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Humanitarian and Development Research Initiative, Western Sydney University, Penrith South DC, Sydney, NSW 1797 Australia.,Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas P Nguyen
- Mental Health, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW Australia.,Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rachel Cathrine Rossiter
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW Australia.,University of Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Walter Robb
- Quantitative Analysis, Analyse Australia, Brisbane, Australia
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Muga T, Mbuthia G, Gatimu SM, Rossiter R. A Pilot Study Exploring Nursing Knowledge of Depression and Suicidal Ideation in Kenya. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:15-20. [PMID: 30111201 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2018.1489922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Nurses play key roles in recognizing, diagnosing, managing, and referring persons with mental disorders. This cross-sectional study assessed mental health literacy (depression and suicidal ideation) among nurses in a private urban referral hospital in Kenya. Nurses read a vignette and answered questions regarding diagnosis, treatment/interventions, and related attitudes and beliefs. Thirty-seven nurses (12 males) completed the questionnaire. Three correctly identified the diagnosis and 23 identified depression only. Although 75% noted the symptoms were extremely distressing, fear, and stigma were common reactions. This highlights challenges in mental health promotion/prevention in Kenya, and suggests continuous nursing education and curriculum enhancement is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gladys Mbuthia
- b School of Nursing and Midwifery , Aga Khan University , Nairobi , Kenya
| | | | - Rachel Rossiter
- c School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science , Charles Sturt University , Australia
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