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Kocevska D, Trajanoska K, Mulder RH, Koopman-Verhoeff ME, Luik AI, Tiemeier H, van Someren EJW. Are some children genetically predisposed to poor sleep? A polygenic risk study in the general population. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2024; 65:710-719. [PMID: 37936537 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twin studies show moderate heritability of sleep traits: 40% for insomnia symptoms and 46% for sleep duration. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic variants involved in insomnia and sleep duration in adults, but it is unknown whether these variants affect sleep during early development. We assessed whether polygenic risk scores for insomnia (PRS-I) and sleep duration (PRS-SD) affect sleep throughout early childhood to adolescence. METHODS We included 2,458 children of European ancestry (51% girls). Insomnia-related items of the Child Behavior Checklist were reported by mothers at child's age 1.5, 3, and 6 years. At 10-15 years, the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children and actigraphy were assessed in a subsample (N = 975). Standardized PRS-I and PRS-SD (higher scores indicate genetic susceptibility for insomnia and longer sleep duration, respectively) were computed at multiple p-value thresholds based on largest GWAS to date. RESULTS Children with higher PRS-I had more insomnia-related sleep problems between 1.5 and 15 years (BPRS-I < 0.001 = .09, 95% CI: 0.05; 0.14). PRS-SD was not associated with mother-reported sleep problems. A higher PRS-SD was in turn associated with longer actigraphically estimated sleep duration (BPRS-SD < 5e08 = .05, 95% CI: 0.001; 0.09) and more wake after sleep onset (BPRS-SD < 0.005 = .25, 95% CI: 0.04; 0.47) at 10-15 years, but these associations did not survive multiple testing correction. CONCLUSIONS Children who are genetically predisposed to insomnia have more insomnia-like sleep problems, whereas those who are genetically predisposed to longer sleep have longer sleep duration, but are also more awake during the night in adolescence. This indicates that polygenic risk for sleep traits, based on GWAS in adults, affects sleep already in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desana Kocevska
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Generation R Study, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katerina Trajanoska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rosa H Mulder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Generation R Study, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Elisabeth Koopman-Verhoeff
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Generation R Study, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- The Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eus J W van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Leerssen J, Aghajani M, Bresser T, Rösler L, Winkler AM, Foster-Dingley JC, Van Someren EJW. Cognitive, Behavioral, and Circadian Rhythm Interventions for Insomnia Alter Emotional Brain Responses. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024; 9:60-69. [PMID: 36958474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highest risk of depression is conveyed by insomnia. This risk can be mitigated by sleep interventions. Understanding brain mechanisms underlying increased emotional stability following insomnia treatment could provide insight relevant to the prevention of depression. Here, we investigated how different sleep interventions alter emotion-related brain activity in people with insomnia at high risk of developing depression. METHODS Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess how the amygdala response to emotional stimuli (negative facial expression) in 122 people with insomnia disorder differed from 36 control subjects and how the amygdala response changed after 6 weeks of either no treatment or internet-based circadian rhythm support (CRS), cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), or their combination (CBT-I+CRS). Effects on depression, insomnia and anxiety severity were followed up for 1 year. RESULTS Only combined treatment (CBT-I+CRS) significantly increased the amygdala response, compared with no treatment, CBT-I, and CRS. Individual differences in the degree of response enhancement were associated with improvement of insomnia symptoms directly after treatment (r = -0.41, p = .021). Moreover, exclusively CBT-I+CRS enhanced responsiveness of the left insula, which occurred in proportion to the reduction in depressive symptom severity (r = -0.37, p = .042). CONCLUSIONS This functional magnetic resonance imaging study on insomnia treatment, the largest to date, shows that a combined cognitive, behavioral, and circadian intervention enhances emotional brain responsiveness and might improve resilience in patients with insomnia who are at high risk of developing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Leerssen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Moji Aghajani
- Section Forensic Family and Youth Care, Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Bresser
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lara Rösler
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anderson M Winkler
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jessica C Foster-Dingley
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eus J W Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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3
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Bresser T, Leerssen J, Hölsken S, Groote I, Foster-Dingley JC, van den Heuvel MP, Van Someren EJW. The role of brain white matter in depression resilience and response to sleep interventions. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad210. [PMID: 37554956 PMCID: PMC10406158 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Insomnia poses a high risk for depression. Brain mechanisms of sleep and mood improvement following cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia remain elusive. This longitudinal study evaluated whether (i) individual differences in baseline brain white matter microstructure predict improvements and (ii) intervention affects brain white matter microstructure. People meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 criteria for Insomnia Disorder (n = 117) participated in a randomized controlled trial comparing 6 weeks of no treatment with therapist-guided digital cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, circadian rhythm support or their combination (cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia + circadian rhythm support). Insomnia Severity Index and Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report were assessed at baseline and followed up at Weeks 7, 26, 39 and 52. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired at baseline and Week 7. Skeletonized white matter tracts, fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were quantified both tract-wise and voxel-wise using tract-based spatial statistics. Analyses used linear and mixed effect models while correcting for multiple testing using false discovery rate and Bonferroni for correlated endpoint measures. Our results show the following: (i) tract-wise lower fractional anisotropy in the left retrolenticular part of the internal capsule at baseline predicted both worse progression of depressive symptoms in untreated participants and more improvement in treated participants (fractional anisotropy × any intervention, PFDR = 0.053, Pcorr = 0.045). (ii) Only the cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia + circadian rhythm support intervention induced a trend-level mean diffusivity decrease in the right superior corona radiata (PFDR = 0.128, Pcorr = 0.108), and individuals with a stronger mean diffusivity decrease showed a stronger alleviation of insomnia (R = 0.20, P = 0.035). In summary, individual differences in risk and treatment-supported resilience of depression involve white matter microstructure. Future studies could target the role of the left retrolenticular part of the internal capsule and right superior corona radiata and the brain areas they connect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bresser
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universtiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne Leerssen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universtiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Hölsken
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Inge Groote
- Computational Radiology and Artificial Intelligence (CRAI), Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0372, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Radiology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, 3116, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Jessica C Foster-Dingley
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn P van den Heuvel
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eus J W Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universtiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universtiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Liu X, Zhang B. Is gradual sleep extension effective for social jetlag in adolescents and college students? Sleep Biol Rhythms 2023; 21:263-264. [PMID: 38476313 PMCID: PMC10899984 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-023-00463-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianchen Liu
- Center for Public Health Initiatives, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Yao Y, Lin M, Ni J, Ni J. Hope Buffers the Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on Depression among College Students: Insomnia as a Mediator. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3245. [PMID: 36833940 PMCID: PMC9966876 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the period of the global pandemic, psychophysical problems induced by the fear of COVID-19 among college students deserve attention since the dormitory environment in college greatly increases the possibility of COVID-19 infection. METHODS A hypothesized mediated moderation model was to be verified using a cross-sectional study among 2453 college students. Fear of COVID-19, insomnia, hope, and depression were assessed by using the relevant scales. RESULTS (1) The fear of COVID-19 was positively correlated to depression (β = 0.365, t = 5.553, 95% CI = [0.236, 0.494]); (2) hope moderated the influence of the fear of COVID-19 on depression (β = -0.093, t = -4.066, 95% CI = [-0.137, -0.048]), as well as on insomnia (β = -0.095, t = -4.841, 95% CI = [-0.133, -0.056]); and (3) the mediated moderation model with hope as the moderator and insomnia as the full mediating variable between fear of COVID-19 and depression was verified (β = -0.060, 95% CI = [-0.093, -0.028]). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that hope is a vital mechanism to explain the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and depression in early adulthood. In practical application, mental health practitioners should focus on boosting hope and alleviating insomnia when addressing COVID-19-related depression issues among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Yao
- Counseling and Education Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Min Lin
- Institute of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianchao Ni
- School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Faculty of Nursing, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
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Sabot D, Baumann O. Neuroimaging Correlates of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I): A Systematic Literature Review. J Cogn Psychother 2023; 37:82-101. [PMID: 36787999 DOI: 10.1891/jcpsy-d-21-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the gold-standard non-pharmacological treatment for insomnia, a complex disorder that comprises psychological, behavioral, and physiological components. This systematic literature review aimed to evaluate a growing body of exploratory studies that have examined CBT-I treatment effects using neuroimaging assessment. Nine studies met current review selection criteria, of which six studies compared insomnia groups with good sleepers, waitlist, and/or control groups. CBT-I administration varied in treatment length and duration across the studies, as did neuroimaging assessment, which included task-based and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Functional connectivity abnormalities were observed in participants, including reduced engagement in task-related brain regions and apparent difficulties in regulating default mode brain areas that appeared to reverse following CBT-I treatment. Taken together, the neuroimaging results complement behavioral measures of treatment efficacy, indicating support for the effectiveness of CBT-I treatment in the recovery of brain function and structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Sabot
- School of Psychology, Bond University, Robina QLD 4226 Australia
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7
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Rösler L, van der Lande G, Leerssen J, Cox R, Ramautar JR, van Someren EJW. Actigraphy in studies on insomnia: Worth the effort? J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13750. [PMID: 36217775 PMCID: PMC10078209 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, actigraphy has emerged as a promising, cost-effective, and easy-to-use tool for ambulatory sleep recording. Polysomnography (PSG) validation studies showed that actigraphic sleep estimates fare relatively well in healthy sleepers. Additionally, round-the-clock actigraphy recording has been used to study circadian rhythms in various populations. To this date, however, there is little evidence that the diagnosis, monitoring, or treatment of insomnia can significantly benefit from actigraphy recordings. Using a case-control design, we therefore critically examined whether mean or within-subject variability of actigraphy sleep estimates or circadian patterns add to the understanding of sleep complaints in insomnia. We acquired actigraphy recordings and sleep diaries of 37 controls and 167 patients with varying degrees of insomnia severity for up to 9 consecutive days in their home environment. Additionally, the participants spent one night in the laboratory, where actigraphy was recorded alongside PSG to check whether sleep, in principle, is well estimated. Despite moderate to strong agreement between actigraphy and PSG sleep scoring in the laboratory, ambulatory actigraphic estimates of average sleep and circadian rhythm variables failed to successfully differentiate patients with insomnia from controls in the home environment. Only total sleep time differed between the groups. Additionally, within-subject variability of sleep efficiency and wake after sleep onset was higher in patients. Insomnia research may therefore benefit from shifting attention from average sleep variables to day-to-day variability or from the development of non-motor home-assessed indicators of sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Rösler
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Glenn van der Lande
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne Leerssen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Departments of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Cox
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer R Ramautar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eus J W van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Departments of Integrative Neurophysiology and Psychiatry, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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8
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Leerssen J, Lakbila-Kamal O, Dekkers LMS, Ikelaar SLC, Albers ACW, Blanken TF, Lancee J, van der Lande GJM, Maksimovic T, Mastenbroek SE, Reesen JE, van de Ven S, van der Zweerde T, Foster-Dingley JC, Van Someren EJW. Treating Insomnia with High Risk of Depression Using Therapist-Guided Digital Cognitive, Behavioral, and Circadian Rhythm Support Interventions to Prevent Worsening of Depressive Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS 2022; 91:168-179. [PMID: 34872087 DOI: 10.1159/000520282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global disease burden of major depressive disorder urgently requires prevention in high-risk individuals, such as recently discovered insomnia subtypes. Previous studies targeting insomnia with fully automated eHealth interventions to prevent depression are inconclusive: dropout was high and likely biased, and depressive symptoms in untreated participants on average improved rather than worsened. OBJECTIVE This randomized controlled trial aimed to efficiently prevent the worsening of depressive symptoms by selecting insomnia subtypes at high risk of depression for internet-based circadian rhythm support (CRS), cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), or their combination (CBT-I+CRS), with online therapist guidance to promote adherence. METHODS Participants with an insomnia disorder subtype conveying an increased risk of depression (n = 132) were randomized to no treatment (NT), CRS, CBT-I, or CBT-I+CRS. The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology - Self Report (IDS-SR) was self-administered at baseline and at four follow-ups spanning 1 year. RESULTS Without treatment, depressive symptoms indeed worsened (d = 0.28, p = 0.041) in high-risk insomnia, but not in a reference group with low-risk insomnia. Therapist-guided CBT-I and CBT-I+CRS reduced IDS-SR ratings across all follow-up assessments (respectively, d = -0.80, p = 0.001; d = -0.95, p < 0.001). Only CBT-I+CRS reduced the 1-year incidence of clinically meaningful worsening (p = 0.002). Dropout during therapist-guided interventions was very low (8%) compared to previous automated interventions (57-62%). CONCLUSIONS The findings tentatively suggest that the efficiency of population-wide preventive strategies could benefit from the possibility to select insomnia subtypes at high risk of developing depression for therapist-guided digital CBT-I+CRS. This treatment may provide effective long-term prevention of worsening of depressive symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION the Netherlands Trial Register (NL7359).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Leerssen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oti Lakbila-Kamal
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura M S Dekkers
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Savannah L C Ikelaar
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne C W Albers
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa F Blanken
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Lancee
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,PsyQ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Glenn J M van der Lande
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teodora Maksimovic
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie E Mastenbroek
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce E Reesen
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjors van de Ven
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja van der Zweerde
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Specialized Mental Health Care GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica C Foster-Dingley
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eus J W Van Someren
- Department of Sleep and Cognition, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research (CNCR), Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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