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The Blood-Brain Barrier: Much More Than a Selective Access to the Brain. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:2154-2174. [PMID: 34677787 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is a dynamic structure, collectively referred to as the neurovascular unit. It is responsible for the exchange of blood, oxygen, ions, and other molecules between the peripheral circulation and the brain compartment. It is the main entrance to the central nervous system and as such critical for the maintenance of its homeostasis. Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier is a characteristic of several neurovascular pathologies. Moreover, physiological changes, environmental factors, nutritional habits, and psychological stress can modulate the tightness of the barrier. In this contribution, we summarize our current understanding of structure and function of this important component of the brain. We also describe the neurological deficits associated with its damage. A special emphasis is placed in the effect of the exposure to xenobiotics and pollutants in the permeability of the barrier. Finally, current protective strategies as well as the culture models to study this fascinating structure are discussed.
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Martins LCG, Lopes MVDO, Diniz CM, Guedes NG. The factors related to a sedentary lifestyle: A meta-analysis review. J Adv Nurs 2020; 77:1188-1205. [PMID: 33368524 DOI: 10.1111/jan.14669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To compare factors associated with the sedentary lifestyle described in the literature with the factors listed in NANDA International. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis of factors associated with a sedentary lifestyle in adolescents, adults and older people. DATA SOURCES An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Latin America and the Caribbean Literature on Health and Science databases conducted in May 2016. REVIEW METHODS Descriptive data were extracted according to a standardized form. The odds ratios for each etiological factor associated with a sedentary lifestyle were extracted directly from the articles or calculated from the data described therein. The meta-analysis was conducted for factors that were investigated in more than one study. RESULTS Thirty-five articles were included. The statistically significant factors were: lack of social support, of physical space, of time, of motivation, of sports skills and of interest in physical activity, intolerance to activity, being retired, living in a low-income country, laziness, not having a job/studying, low socioeconomic status and level of knowledge about physical activity, female gender, living in an urban area, negative self-perception of health, using public transportation, being in the oldest age group in the study and perceived physical disability. CONCLUSION The new factors associated with a sedentary lifestyle and those already included in the NANDA International classification will lead to better clinical guidance for nurses. IMPACT Knowledge about these factors can contribute directly to public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Camila Maciel Diniz
- Federal University of Ceará, 1115 Alexandre Baraúna St, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, 60430-160, Brazil
| | - Nirla Gomes Guedes
- Federal University of Ceará, 1115 Alexandre Baraúna St, Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, 60430-160, Brazil
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Immonen M, Haapea M, Similä H, Enwald H, Keränen N, Kangas M, Jämsä T, Korpelainen R. Association between chronic diseases and falls among a sample of older people in Finland. BMC Geriatr 2020; 20:225. [PMID: 32590946 PMCID: PMC7318483 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01621-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Falls are a major problem for older people and recurrent fallers are especially prone to severe consequences due to falls. This study investigated the association between chronic conditions and falls. Methods Responses from 872 older persons (age 65–98) to a health questionnaire were used in the analyses. Characteristics and disease prevalence between recurrent fallers, one-time fallers and non-fallers were compared. A hierarchical clustering method was applied to find combinations of chronic conditions that were associated with recent recurrent falling. Results The results showed that recurrent fallers had a higher number of diseases (median 4, interquartile range, IQR = 2.0–5.0) compared to non-fallers (median 2, IQR = 1.0–3.0). Eight clusters were formed based on the data. The participants in the low chronic disease cluster were younger, more physically active, not frail, and had fewer geriatric conditions. Multiple chronic disease cluster participants were older, less physically active, overweight (body mass index, BMI > 30), at risk of malnutrition, and had more geriatric conditions. Significantly increased risk of recurrent falls relative to the low chronic cluster was found for respondents in the osteoporosis cluster and multiple chronic disease cluster (OR = 5.65, 95% confidence interval CI: 1.23–25.85, p = 0.026, and OR = 13.42, 95% CI: 2.47–72.96, p = 0.002, respectively). None of the clusters were associated with increased risk of one-time falling. Conclusions The results implicate that the number of chronic diseases is related with risk of recurrent falling. Furthermore, the results implicate the potential of identifying certain combinations of chronic diseases that increase fall risk by analyzing health record data, although further studies are needed with a larger population sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milla Immonen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. Kaitoväylä 1, P.O.Box 1100, FI-90571, Oulu, Finland. .,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Marianne Haapea
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu (MRC), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heidi Similä
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. Kaitoväylä 1, P.O.Box 1100, FI-90571, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heidi Enwald
- Medical Research Centre Oulu (MRC), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.,Information Studies, University of Oulu, P.O.Box 8000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niina Keränen
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maarit Kangas
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Jämsä
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu (MRC), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.,Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Centre Oulu (MRC), Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Albertinkatu 16, FI-90100, Oulu, Finland
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Puolitaival T, Sieppi M, Pyky R, Enwald H, Korpelainen R, Nurkkala M. Health behaviours associated with video gaming in adolescent men: a cross-sectional population-based MOPO study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:415. [PMID: 32228539 PMCID: PMC7106563 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Playing video games, a form of sedentary behaviour, is associated with poor well-being and increased risk of morbidity due to chronic disease. However, the association between health behaviours and video gaming is poorly understood. The purpose of this population-based study was to reveal the differences in dietary habits and physical activity for adolescent men with high amount of video games on weekdays, as compared to their peers who play less often. METHODS Seven hundred ninety-six adolescent men (age: mean = 17.8, SD = 0.6) attended compulsory conscription for military service in 2013 and completed a questionnaire regarding the amount and frequency of their video gaming. They also participated in a medical examination and underwent physiological measurements. The participants who played video games more than 3 h/d on weekdays were compared with those who played 3h/d or less. The association between health behaviours and the amount of playing video gaming was analysed using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS 24.1% (n = 192) of the participants reported video gaming in excess of 3 h/d. This group had higher incidence of having low physical fitness, having poor eating habits, and being obese. No differences were found in smoking or alcohol drinking habits. Other factors, including low leisure-time physical activity (OR = 1.94; 95% CI, 1.29-2.91), low consumption of vegetables and fruits (OR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72-0.97), high consumption of sweetened soft drinks (OR = 1.28; 95% CI, 1.06-1.55) and high amount of sitting time (OR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.28-1.52), explained one-fourth of the difference. CONCLUSION In this population-based study, adolescent men who played video games a lot on weekdays had lower physical fitness, were more often obese, and had poorer dietary habits, as compared to their peers who played less often. Because playing video games typically adds to a person's total sedentary time, this activity may be associated with adverse health outcomes at a very young age- especially in combination with poor health behaviours. The results of this study can be utilized to promote health interventions targeted at adolescent men so as to raise their awareness of the disadvantages of excessive video gaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuulia Puolitaival
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Albertinkatu 18A, P.O. Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mirjam Sieppi
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Albertinkatu 18A, P.O. Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Pyky
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Albertinkatu 18A, P.O. Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Heidi Enwald
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Information Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Albertinkatu 18A, P.O. Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjukka Nurkkala
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr, Albertinkatu 18A, P.O. Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland
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Behavioral Correlates of Muscular Fitness in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2019; 49:887-904. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01089-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Dubey AK, Uppadhyaya N, Nilawe P, Chauhan N, Kumar S, Gupta UA, Bhaduri A. LogMPIE, pan-India profiling of the human gut microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing. Sci Data 2018; 5:180232. [PMID: 30375992 PMCID: PMC6207063 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2018.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The "Landscape Of Gut Microbiome - Pan-India Exploration", or LogMPIE study, is the first large-scale, nationwide record of the Indian gut microbiome. The primary objective of the study was to identify and map the Indian gut microbiome baseline. This observational study was conducted across 14 geographical locations in India. Enrolled subjects were uniformly distributed across geographies (north, east, west and south) and body mass index (obese and non-obese). Furthermore, factors influencing the microbiome, such as age and physical activity, were also considered in the study design. The LogMPIE study recorded data from 1004 eligible subjects and reported 993 unique microorganisms across the Indian microbiome diaspora. The data not only map the Indian gut microbiome baseline but also function as a useful resource to study, analyse and identify signatures characterizing the physiological dispositions of the subjects. Furthermore, they provide insight into the unique features describing the Indian microbiome. The data are open and may be accessed from the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) portal of the European Bioinformatics Institute (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/data/view/PRJEB25642).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Dubey
- Innovation Center, Tata Chemicals Ltd, Ambedveth, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
| | - Niyati Uppadhyaya
- Innovation Center, Tata Chemicals Ltd, Ambedveth, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
| | - Pravin Nilawe
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Invitrogen BioServices India Pvt Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400076, India
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Life Science Solutions, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122016, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- JSS Medical Research India Pvt. Ltd, Faridabad, Haryana, 121003, India
| | | | - Anirban Bhaduri
- Innovation Center, Tata Chemicals Ltd, Ambedveth, Pune, Maharashtra, 412111, India
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Puhakka S, Pyky R, Lankila T, Kangas M, Rusanen J, Ikäheimo TM, Koivumaa-Honkanen H, Korpelainen R. Physical Activity, Residential Environment, and Nature Relatedness in Young Men-A Population-Based MOPO Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102322. [PMID: 30360438 PMCID: PMC6210253 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: In general, nature relatedness is positively associated with physical activity, health, and subjective well-being. However, increased residence in urban areas, and the decrease in natural spaces, may affect the younger generation most adversely. The associated environmental changes can increase youths’ risk of spending most of their time indoors, and weaken their nature relatedness, making them less likely to enjoy nature’s health benefits. This is a serious public health issue, since inadequate physical activity, combined with minimum time spent in green space, can affect health across the whole lifespan. Thus, to develop effective interventions for physical activation and promote health and well-being among young men, further knowledge of the determinants of their nature relatedness is necessary. Aims: To explore factors related to nature relatedness, including physical activity, physical activity with parents, and residential environment. Methods: The study population consisted of all 914 young men (mean—17.8 years; SD—0.5) who participated in mandatory call-ups for military service and completed the study questionnaire in 2013. The questionnaire inquired about their nature relatedness, demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, physical activity, health, and subjective well-being. A geographic information system (GIS) was used to assess the features of their residential environments. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze the data. Results: Physical activity (p = 0.021) and physical activity with parents at primary school age (p = 0.007), and currently (p = 0.001) as well as good self-rated health (p = 0.001), and father’s higher socioeconomic status (p = 0.041), were positively connected to nature relatedness. Conclusions: Physical activity in general, physical activity with parents, and nature relatedness were positively related. This knowledge can be utilized in promoting physical activity and health among young men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soile Puhakka
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute, P.O. Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland.
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- The Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Riitta Pyky
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute, P.O. Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland.
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics, and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tiina Lankila
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- The Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Maarit Kangas
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics, and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Jarmo Rusanen
- The Geography Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tiina M Ikäheimo
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital (KUH), P.O. BOX 100, 70029 Kuopio, Finland.
- Department of Psychiatry, Lapland Hospital District, P.O. BOX 8041, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland.
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. BOX 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute, P.O. Box 365, 90100 Oulu, Finland.
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
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Leinonen AM, Pyky R, Ahola R, Kangas M, Siirtola P, Luoto T, Enwald H, Ikäheimo TM, Röning J, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Mäntysaari M, Korpelainen R, Jämsä T. Feasibility of Gamified Mobile Service Aimed at Physical Activation in Young Men: Population-Based Randomized Controlled Study (MOPO). JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2017; 5:e146. [PMID: 29017991 PMCID: PMC5654732 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.6675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of young people do not meet the recommendations on physical activity for health. New innovative ways to motivate young people to adopt a physically active lifestyle are needed. Objective The study aimed to study the feasibility of an automated, gamified, tailored Web-based mobile service aimed at physical and social activation among young men. Methods A population-based sample of 496 young men (mean age 17.8 years [standard deviation 0.6]) participated in a 6-month randomized controlled trial (MOPO study). Participants were randomized to an intervention (n=250) and a control group (n=246). The intervention group was given a wrist-worn physical activity monitor (Polar Active) with physical activity feedback and access to a gamified Web-based mobile service, providing fitness guidelines, tailored health information, advice of youth services, social networking, and feedback on physical activity. Through the trial, the physical activity of the men in the control group was measured continuously with an otherwise similar monitor but providing only the time of day and no feedback. The primary outcome was the feasibility of the service based on log data and questionnaires. Among completers, we also analyzed the change in anthropometry and fitness between baseline and 6 months and the change over time in weekly time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity. Results Mobile service users considered the various functionalities related to physical activity important. However, compliance of the service was limited, with 161 (64.4%, 161/250) participants visiting the service, 118 (47.2%, 118/250) logging in more than once, and 41 (16.4%, 41/250) more than 5 times. Baseline sedentary time was higher in those who uploaded physical activity data until the end of the trial (P=.02). A total of 187 (74.8%, 187/250) participants in the intervention and 167 (67.9%, 167/246) in the control group participated in the final measurements. There were no differences in the change in anthropometry and fitness from baseline between the groups, whereas waist circumference was reduced in the most inactive men within the intervention group (P=.01). Among completers with valid physical activity data (n=167), there was a borderline difference in the change in mean daily time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity between the groups (11.9 min vs −9.1 min, P=.055, linear mixed model). Within the intervention group (n=87), baseline vigorous physical activity was inversely associated with change in moderate to vigorous physical activity during the trial (R=−.382, P=.01). Conclusions The various functionalities related to physical activity of the gamified tailored mobile service were considered important. However, the compliance was limited. Within the current setup, the mobile service had no effect on anthropometry or fitness, except reduced waist circumference in the most inactive men. Among completers with valid physical activity data, the trial had a borderline positive effect on moderate to vigorous physical activity. Further development is needed to improve the feasibility and adherence of an integrated multifunctional service. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01376986; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01376986 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6tjdmIroA)
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maiju Leinonen
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Oulu Deaconess Institute, Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Pyky
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Oulu Deaconess Institute, Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka Ahola
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Polar Electro, Kempele, Finland
| | - Maarit Kangas
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pekka Siirtola
- Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Biomimetics and Intelligent Systems Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tim Luoto
- Department of Cultural Anthropology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heidi Enwald
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Information and Communication Studies, Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina M Ikäheimo
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Environmental and Respiratory Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Röning
- Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Biomimetics and Intelligent Systems Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Health Center of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Matti Mäntysaari
- Center for Military Medicine, The Finnish Defence Forces, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Oulu Deaconess Institute, Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Jämsä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Infotech Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Mäkelä K, Kokko S, Kannas L, Villberg J, Vasankari T, Heinonen JO, Savonen K, Alanko L, Korpelainen R, Selänne H, Parkkari J. Physical Activity, Screen Time and Sleep among Youth Participating and Non-Participating in Organized Sports—The Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ape.2016.64038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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