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Köhler H, Bollenbach IA, Gruner-Labitzke K, Bollenbach JN, Böker C, Markov V, Kröger C. Improvement of Work Ability After Weight Loss Surgery: Results of a Longitudinal Study of Patients Suffering from Extreme Obesity Before and 4 Years After Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2023; 33:1347-1355. [PMID: 36935471 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06548-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Body mass index (BMI) is directly associated with employment status. Our longitudinal prospective study is aimed at ascertaining whether work ability index (WAI) 4 years after surgery remains improved, such as 1 year after surgery, or changes and whether socio-demographic or psycho-social factors influence changes in work ability. MATERIALS AND METHODS 197 bariatric surgery candidates were recruited. Data on demographic and psycho-social characteristics were collected prior to surgery (t1) and at 6 (t2), 12 (t3), and 48 months (t4). Change effects over time in the WAI and BMI were investigated using a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was calculated to predict socio-demographic and psychosocial characteristics at t1 on WAI at t4. RESULTS Not only a significant increase in WAI was observed between t1 and t2 and between t3 and t4 but also a significant decrease between t2 and t4. BMI reduction was significant between t1 and t2 and t3 and t4, respectively. There was no significant interaction effect of BMI reduction 4 years after surgery on decreased work ability from t2 to t4. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed an association of WAI scores at t1 on WAI scores at t4 only. CONCLUSIONS Work ability 4 years after surgery remained significantly improved compared to the values at t1-t3 assessment. Since work ability was the only predictor at t1, findings might indicate the use of psycho-social measures post bariatric surgery to increase work ability. There was no association between work ability and other socio-demographic or psycho-social factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hinrich Köhler
- Department of General, Visceral and Bariatric Surgery, Herzogin Elisabeth Hospital, Leipziger Str. 24, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Ioana A Bollenbach
- Department of General, Visceral and Bariatric Surgery, Herzogin Elisabeth Hospital, Leipziger Str. 24, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
| | - Kerstin Gruner-Labitzke
- Department of General, Visceral and Bariatric Surgery, Herzogin Elisabeth Hospital, Leipziger Str. 24, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Jan N Bollenbach
- Department of General, Visceral and Bariatric Surgery, Herzogin Elisabeth Hospital, Leipziger Str. 24, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Clara Böker
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Bariatric Surgery, Klinikum Nordstadt, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Valentin Markov
- Department of Psychology, University of Hildesheim, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Kröger
- Department of Psychology, University of Hildesheim, 31141, Hildesheim, Germany
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Chen CP, Zammit R. Career counselling for adults with newly acquired mobility disability. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Junna L, Moustgaard H, Martikainen P. Health-related selection into employment among the unemployed. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:657. [PMID: 35382786 PMCID: PMC8985275 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13023-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful transitions from unemployment to employment are an important concern, yet little is known about health-related selection into employment. We assessed the association of various physical and psychiatric conditions with finding employment, and employment stability. METHODS Using total population register data, we followed Finnish residents aged 30-60 with an unemployment spell during 2009-2018 (n = 814,085) for two years from the onset of unemployment. We predicted any, stable, and unstable employment by health status using Cox proportional hazards models. The data on specialized health care and prescription reimbursement were used to identify any alcohol-related conditions and poisonings, psychiatric conditions and self-harm, injuries, and physical conditions. We further separated physical conditions into cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and neurological conditions, and psychiatric conditions into depression, anxiety disorders and substance use disorders. RESULTS The likelihood of any employment was lower among those who had any of the assessed health conditions. It was lowest among those with alcohol-related or psychiatric conditions with an age-adjusted hazard ratio of 0.45 (95% confidence interval 0.44, 0.46) among men and 0.39 (0.38, 0.41) among women for alcohol-related and 0.64 (0.63, 0.65) and 0.66 (0.65, 0.67) for psychiatric conditions, respectively. These results were not driven by differences in socioeconomic characteristics or comorbidities. All the included conditions were detrimental to both stable and unstable employment, however alcohol-related and psychiatric conditions were more harmful for stable than for unstable employment. CONCLUSIONS The prospects of the unemployed finding employment are reduced by poor health, particularly alcohol-related and psychiatric conditions. These two conditions may also lead to unstable career trajectories. The selection process contributes to the health differentials between employed and unemployed people. Unemployed people with health problems may therefore need additional support to improve their chances of employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liina Junna
- Population Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Unioninkatu 35 (P.O. Box 18), 00014, Helsinki, Finland. .,Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, 18057, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Heta Moustgaard
- Helsinki Institute for Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Helsinki, Vuorikatu 3, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Population Research Unit, University of Helsinki, Unioninkatu 35 (P.O. Box 18), 00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Konrad-Zuse-Straße 1, 18057, Rostock, Germany.,Centre for Health Equity Studies, University of Stockholm and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li L, Chang Z, Sun J, Jangmo A, Zhang L, Andersson LM, Werner-Kiechle T, Ahnemark E, D’Onofrio BM, Larsson H. Association Between Pharmacological Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Long-term Unemployment Among Working-Age Individuals in Sweden. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e226815. [PMID: 35476068 PMCID: PMC9047436 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.6815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at greater risk for unemployment. Pharmacological treatment is effective in reducing the core symptoms of ADHD, but whether it helps to reduce the unemployment rate among adult patients remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between use of ADHD medication and long-term unemployment in working-age adults with ADHD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data for this population-based cohort study were extracted from Swedish national registers. Among 25 358 individuals with ADHD born from 1958 to 1978, 12 875 middle-aged adults among the workforce were included. The longitudinal cohort was followed up from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2013. Data were analyzed from March 1, 2020, through May 31, 2021. EXPOSURES Use of medication for ADHD during the previous 2 years was the main exposure, as both categorical and continuous variables. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Yearly accumulated unemployed days were derived from the Public Employment Service, and long-term unemployment was defined as 90 or more days of unemployment per year. Overall and sex-specific relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs were estimated using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Among 12 875 individuals with ADHD (5343 women [41.50%] and 7532 men [58.50%]; mean [SD] age, 37.9 [5.6] years), the use of ADHD medications during the previous 2 years was associated with a 10% lower risk of long-term unemployment in the following year (adjusted RR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.87-0.95]). An association between use of ADHD medications and long-term unemployment was found among women (RR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.76-0.89]) but not men (RR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.91-1.01]). Longer treatment duration was associated with a lower risk of subsequent long-term unemployment among women (RR for use of 1-6 months, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.78-0.95]; RR for use of 18-24 months, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.58-0.90]; P < .001 for trend). Within-individual comparisons showed that the long-term unemployment rate was lower during periods of ADHD medication treatment compared with nontreatment periods (RR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.85-0.94). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this cohort study suggest that the use of ADHD medication is associated with a lower risk of subsequent long-term unemployment for middle-aged women. These findings should be considered together with the existing knowledge of risks and benefits of ADHD medication when developing treatment plans for working-age adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Zheng Chang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jiangwei Sun
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Jangmo
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Ewa Ahnemark
- Medical Affairs, Shire Sweden AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brian M. D’Onofrio
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Henrik Larsson
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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The bidirectional relationship of obesity and labor market status - Findings from a German prospective panel study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1295-1303. [PMID: 35347287 PMCID: PMC9239903 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01105-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Given the inconsistent findings regarding associations between obesity and unemployment, our analysis is one of the few that explores bidirectional changes in obesity and unemployment. In our prospective study, we address factors associated with the transition into and transition out of obesity, including unemployment, and transition into and out of unemployment, including obesity.
Subjects and methods The Labor Market and Social Security-Panel (PASS) consists of two independent, nationally representative German subsamples: residents receiving unemployment benefits (50%) and a representative sample of residents (50%). The sample contains N = 11 361 observations between two measurement points three years apart of N = 8440 individuals participating in two or three waves between 2009 and 2015. We analyzed potential predictors of the transition in and out of obesity and unemployment, including health-related quality of life (HrQoL) and physical activity, using logistic regression models. Results Transition into obesity: Unemployed participants had a higher probability of exhibiting a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2 three years later (transition into obesity classes II and III; Exp(B) = 1.5). Transition out of obesity: Unemployment did not predict transition out of obesity. Physical activity at least once weekly increased the probability of no longer having a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 three years later (Exp(B) = 2.0). Transition into unemployment: Obesity was not associated with becoming unemployed three years later. Participants with a lower mental HrQoL were more likely to become unemployed (Exp(B) = 0.98). Transition out of unemployment: Unemployed individuals reporting a BMI of 30–34.9 kg/m2 were less likely to leave unemployment (Exp(B) = 0.67). A better physical HrQoL was associated with a higher probability of leaving unemployment (Exp(B) = 1.01).
Conclusions Obesity does not predict future unemployment, but unemployed individuals with obesity have a lower probability of labor market re-entry. Unemployment increases obesity risk. Interactions between obesity and possible confounding variables and their effect on unemployment warrants further examination.
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Varahra A, Ahmed H, Lindsay S. Exploring Direct and Indirect Associations of Exercise and Sport Participation with Employment among Individuals with Disabilities: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:44-54. [PMID: 33956265 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-09962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Exercise and sports have many positive benefits for persons with or without a disability. Despite this, the contribution of exercise and sport participation to employment is less documented. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide insight into the direct and indirect associations of exercise and sport participation with employment among persons with disabilities. Methods Six databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and HealthStar) from their inception date to March 20, 2020. Peer-reviewed English and French articles were included if at least one outcome measure on employment or work-related outcomes as a result of participation in, or benefits of exercise and sport participation was the focus of the study. Results The research identified 2796 hits. Of which, 23 published between 1992 and 2019 met eligibility criteria. Seven studies identified a direct association between exercise and sport participation with employment and full-time positions. Sixteen studies reported on improved health/work-related outcomes such as occupational performance (i.e., self-care, functional independence), physical fitness (i.e., upper extremity strength, endurance) and psychological well-being (i.e., self-efficacy). Conclusions This scoping review highlights that exercise and sport participation have associations with employment and work-related outcomes. Benefits of exercise and sports may be considered to a greater extent, than in the past, in programs that facilitate employment for persons with disabilities. Additional research using longitudinal design should be conducted to further understand the strength of these associations and evaluate whether exercise and sport participation should be incorporated more intensely in vocational programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Varahra
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Hiba Ahmed
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sally Lindsay
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Yunihastuti E, Amelia F, Hapsari AI, Wicaksana B, Natali V, Widhani A, Sulaiman AS, Karjadi TH. Impact of sofosbuvir and daclastavir on health-related quality of life in patients co-infected with hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19:154. [PMID: 34039353 PMCID: PMC8152304 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-021-01777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a real-life study of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) transformation before and 12 weeks after sofosbuvir and daclatasvir therapy in HCV/HIV co-infected patients. Factors related to the significant changes of each HRQoL domain/item were also evaluated. METHODS A prospective study was performed in the HIV integrated clinic at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. HCV/HIV co-infected patients who started sofosbuvir and daclatasvir from government free DAA program in 2017-2019. WHOQoL-HIV BREF and RAND SF-36 questionnaires were recorded at baseline and post-treatment week 12. RESULTS 145 patients with mean age of 37.8 years (SD = 4.2) were included in the analysis. Most of patients were male (89%), previous IVDU (89%), active smoker (50.4%) and non-cirrhosis (80%). SVR12 was achieved in 95.5% of patients. Sofosbuvir and daclatasvir treatments showed positive impacts on 2 domains and 2 other items of WHOQoL-HIV BREF and 2 domains and 1 item of SF-36. Predicting factors of significant increase in each domain/item were: male and normal body mass index (BMI) for level of independence (RR 4.01,95% CI 1.09-14.74 and 4.80,95% CI 1.79-12.81); higher HCV-RNA for overall perception of QoL (RR 0.42,95% CI 0.18-0.94); non-smoking status for overall perception of health (RR 0.32,95% CI 0.15-0.66); male and fibrosis stage 0-1 for general health (RR 6.21,95% CI 1.69-22.88 and 2.86,95% CI 1.16-7.00); and the use of NNRTI-based ART (RR 5.23, 95% CI 1.16-23.65). Spiritual/personal belief decline was predicted by non-smoking status (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23-0.95). Treatment success was not associated with any changes of HR-QoL domain/item. CONCLUSIONS HCV/HIV co-infected patients were successfully treated with sofosbuvir and daclatasvir and experienced improvement of HRQoL 12 weeks after treatment completion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evy Yunihastuti
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Diponegoro 71, Jakarta, Indonesia.
- HIV Integrated Services, Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Fhadilla Amelia
- HIV Integrated Services, Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arini Ika Hapsari
- HIV Integrated Services, Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Veritea Natali
- HIV Integrated Services, Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alvina Widhani
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Diponegoro 71, Jakarta, Indonesia
- HIV Integrated Services, Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Andri Sanityoso Sulaiman
- Hepatobilliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Harjono Karjadi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Diponegoro 71, Jakarta, Indonesia
- HIV Integrated Services, Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Bin Sayeed MS, Joshy G, Paige E, Banks E, Korda R. Cardiovascular disease subtypes, physical disability and workforce participation: A cross-sectional study of 163,562 middle-aged Australians. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249738. [PMID: 33831054 PMCID: PMC8031377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Workforce participation is reduced among people with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, detailed quantitative evidence on this is limited. We examined the relationship of CVD to workforce participation in older working-age people, by CVD subtype, within population subgroups and considering the role of physical disability. Methods Questionnaire data (2006–2009) for participants aged 45–64 years (n = 163,562) from the population-based 45 and Up Study (n = 267,153) were linked to hospitalisation data through the Centre for Health Record Linkage. Prior CVD was from self-report or hospitalisation. Modified Poisson regression estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) for non-participation in the workforce in people with versus without CVD, adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Results There were 19,161 participants with CVD and 144,401 without. Compared to people without CVD, workforce non-participation was greater for those with CVD (40.0% vs 23.5%, PR = 1.36, 95%CI = 1.33–1.39). The outcome varied by CVD subtype: myocardial infarction (PR = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.36–1.55); cerebrovascular disease (PR = 1.92, 95%CI = 1.80–2.06); heart failure (PR = 1.83, 95%CI = 1.68–1.98) and peripheral vascular disease (PR = 1.76, 95%CI = 1.65–1.88). Workforce non-participation in those with CVD versus those without was at least 21% higher in all population subgroups examined, with PRs ranging from 1.75 (95%CI = 1.65–1.85) in people aged 50–55 years to 1.21 (95%CI = 1.19–1.24) among those aged 60–64. Compared to people with neither CVD nor physical functioning limitations, those with physical functional limitations were around three times as likely to be out of the workforce regardless of CVD diagnosis; participants with CVD but without physical functional limitations were 13% more likely to be out of the workforce (PR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.07–1.20). Conclusions While many people with CVD participate in the workforce, participation is substantially lower, especially for people with cerebrovascular disease, than for people without CVD, highlighting priority areas for research and support, particularly for people experiencing physical functioning limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Grace Joshy
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ellie Paige
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Emily Banks
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Rosemary Korda
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Hansen ÅM, Grynderup MB, Clausen T, Bonde JP, Garde AH, Kaerlev L, Kolstad HA, Hogh A. Labour market affiliation among non-bullied colleagues at work units with reported bullying. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2020; 94:547-556. [PMID: 33188448 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-020-01604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study investigates if non-bullied employees in Work units (WUs) where bullying occur, are more prone to leave the WUs than employees in WUs with no bullying, and if the prevalence of workplace bullying had an impact on leaving the WUs. Leaving the workplace was defined by unemployment or change of workplace at follow-up. METHODS We had data from 8326 Danish public health invited employees from 302 WUs. Of these 3036 responded to a questionnaire on working conditions and health in 2007. WUs were classified into three categories of WUs: (1) no bullying (0% bullied), (2) moderate prevalence of bullying (< 10% bullied), and (3) high prevalence of bullying (≥ 10% bullied). Bullied respondents were used to classify the WUs and excluded in the analyses. RESULTS We found odds ratios (ORs) for unemployment 1 year later of 1.27 [95% CI 0.69-2.37] in WUs with moderate prevalence of bullying and 1.38 [95% CI 0.85-2.23] among employed in WUs with high prevalence of bullying, adjusted for size of WUs, age, sex, and job category. For turnover 1 year later the ORs were 1.27 [95% CI 0.78-2.15] and 1.46 [95% CI 0.99-2.15] in WUs with moderate and high prevalence of bullying, respectively. CONCLUSION We did not find that non-bullied employees leave the WUs with moderate and high prevalence of bullying more than employees in WUs with no bullying behaviour 1 year later. Leaving the workplace tended to be higher among employees in WUs with high prevalence of bullying compared to no and moderate bullying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åse Marie Hansen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark. .,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Matias Brødsgaard Grynderup
- Psychiatry Center Sct. Hans, Capital Region, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Clausen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Helene Garde
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark.,The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linda Kaerlev
- Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik A Kolstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Annie Hogh
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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