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Sultan S, Lesloom F. Association of cigarette smoking with cardiometabolic risk factors: A cross-sectional study. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-136. [PMID: 39072281 PMCID: PMC11274995 DOI: 10.18332/tid/191246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite strong and consistent epidemiological evidence linking cigarette smoking to several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the association between smoking intensity and CVD risk factors remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the possible effects of cigarette smoking on cardiometabolic risk in healthy individuals. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2022 and June 2023. Consecutive sampling was performed to include 160 healthy participants: 100 smokers with 60 males and 40 females; and 60 age- and sex-matched non-smokers with 36 males and 24 females. Blood samples were taken from each participant to assess their cardiometabolic function: lipid profile, von Willebrand factor (vWF), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI), and fibrinogen levels; and liver function using an automated enzymatic method. In addition, blood sugar level, body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure were recorded. RESULTS Smokers had significantly higher vWF functional activity and hs-cTnI but significantly lower albumin and total bilirubin levels than non-smokers (65.87 ± 19.07 vs 56.45 ± 6.59, respectively, p<0.001; 0.0382 ± 0.0077 vs 0.0147 ± 0.0105, respectively, p<0.001; and 4.63 ± 0.32 vs 4.74 ± 0.28, respectively, p=0.026). The number of cigarettes consumed daily was associated positively and significantly with plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, vWF functional activity, and hs-cTnI but were negatively associated with total bilirubin. Moreover, heavy smokers had a significantly higher BMI and waist-to-hip ratio among male smokers than non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking was associated with increased dyslipidemia, BMI, and central obesity, in addition to higher vWF functional activity. Altogether, increased hs-cTnI levels in smokers indicate a higher susceptibility to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Sultan
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouzy Lesloom
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Hosseininasab D, Shiraseb F, Ghaffarian-Ensaf R, Hosseini S, da Silva A, Hajinasab MM, Barry VW, de Courten B, Mirzaei K. Dairy intake and cardiovascular diseases risk factors: a cross-sectional study on Iranian obese and overweight women. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1895. [PMID: 39010046 PMCID: PMC11251318 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19232-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Dietary interventions can directly affect several ASCVD risk factors. This study aimed to assess an association between dairy consumption and the odds of ASCVD and its risk factors in women with overweight and obesity. METHODS The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 390 Iranian women aged 18-48 years and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m². Dairy consumption was assessed using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire. Participants were divided into tertiles based on their dairy consumption with 130 (33.3%) women in each category. RESULTS The participants had an average age of 36.73 ± 9.18 years, and the mean BMI was 31.28 ± 4.30 kg/m2. In the unadjusted model, individuals in the third tertile of dairy consumption had 0.79 times lower odds of ASCVD compared to those in the first tertile (OR: 0.21; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.11, 0.41; P-value = 0.001). Additionally, we observed a significant inverse relationship between higher dairy intake and adiposity markers, blood pressure, and Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI). CONCLUSION The study revealed a negative association between dairy intake and the risk of ASCVD but this association diminished after adjusting for confounding factors. It also found a negative association between dairy consumption with BMI, fat mass index, body fat, blood pressure, and TyG-BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Hosseininasab
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shabnam Hosseini
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Mohammad Mahdi Hajinasab
- Department of Nutrition, Electronic Health and Statistics Surveillance Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vaughn W Barry
- Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, USA
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3168, Australia
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3085, Australia
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Momayyezi M, Jambarsang S, Fallahzadeh H, Sefidkar R. Association between lipid profiles and cigarette smoke among adults in the Persian cohort (Shahedieh) study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1256. [PMID: 38714969 PMCID: PMC11077768 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exposure to cigarette smoke introduces a large amount of nicotine into the bloodstream through the lungs. So, smoking can be a risk factor for many diseases. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of active and passive cigarette smoke on the blood lipid profile and dyslipidemia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 5052 individuals who participated in the recruitment phase of the Shahedieh cohort study. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between smoking exposure status and lipid profiles. RESULTS The prevalence of abnormal low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), abnormal HDL-C, abnormal total cholesterol (TC), abnormal triglyceride (TG), and dyslipidemia were 254 (5.00%), 562 (11.10%), 470 (9.30%), 1008 (20.00%), and 1527 (30.20%), respectively. Adjusting for confounders, it was observed that current smokers had higher odds of having abnormal HDL-C [OR (95% CI), 2.90 (2.28-3.69)], abnormal TG [OR (95% CI), 1.71 (1.38-2.13)] and dyslipidemia [OR (95% CI), 1.86 (1.53-2.25)]. Ex-smokers also had greater odds of abnormal HDL-C [OR (95% CI), 1.51 (1.06-2.16)] compared to non-smokers who were not exposed to cigarette smoke. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicated that current smokers had higher TG and lower HDL. So, necessary measures should be taken to reduce smoking. The findings also showed that the prevalence of abnormal TG and HDL in ex-smokers was lower than in current smokers. Therefore, the existence of incentive policies to quit smoking seems necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Momayyezi
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sara Jambarsang
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reyhane Sefidkar
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Shahabi N, Rafati S, Kakhaki HES, Soleimani F, Zamaninasab F, Saboohi Z, Nejatizadeh A, Dadipoor S. Assessing the risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes in relation to Hookah smoking: Evidence from a cohort study in Southern Iran. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1996. [PMID: 38655419 PMCID: PMC11035749 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hookah smoking has pointedly increased worldwide and could have different harmful health effects. However, long term hookah smoking effects on chronic diseases has not been well studied. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between hookah smoking with metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Methods In this prospective study, the baseline data from 3695 participant (35-70 years old) of Bandar-e-Kong cohort study in Hormozgan province, Iran were used. In this study, data were collected through the questionnaires designed in the Kong cohort study and 25 mm of blood sample. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 27.0 and the ggplot2 package in RStudio version 2023.06.1 + 524. p < 0.05 was considered a significant difference. Results The prevalence of hookah smoking was 17.3% in total. Also, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were 35.6, 15.2, 31.2, and 78.0%, respectively. Our results showed that there were statistically significant relationship between hookah smoking and metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes (p < 0.05). In the case of dyslipidemia, hookah smoking was also associated with increase in dyslipidemia (p < 0.05). Conclusions More evidence is needed to understand the mechanism of hookah smoking and these health effects. As well as, health education and increasing public awareness about the health effects of hookah smoking and implementation of smoking prohibition policies are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Shahabi
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Centre, Hormozgan Health InstituteHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Shideh Rafati
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Centre, Hormozgan Health InstituteHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | | | - Farshid Soleimani
- Tobacco and Health Research CentreHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Fatemeh Zamaninasab
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Department, Faculty of HealthMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran
| | - Zahra Saboohi
- Department of Health Services, School of Public HealthIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Azim Nejatizadeh
- Tobacco and Health Research CentreHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
| | - Sara Dadipoor
- Tobacco and Health Research CentreHormozgan University of Medical SciencesBandar AbbasIran
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Mansouri B, Rezaei A, Sharafi K, Azadi N, Pirsaheb M, Rezaei M, Nakhaee S. Mixture effects of trace element levels on cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes risk in adults using G-computation analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5743. [PMID: 38459117 PMCID: PMC10924083 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing concern about the health effects of exposure to a mixture of pollutants. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between serum levels of heavy/essential metals ([Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), and Zinc (Zn)]) and the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Data were collected from 450 participants (150 with CVDs, 150 with T2D, and 150 healthy subjects) randomly selected from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort in Western Iran, covering the years 2018-2023. Trace element levels in the serum samples were assayed using ICP-MS. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the adjusted risk of exposure to single and multi-metals and CVD/T2D. Odds ratios were adjusted for age, sex, education, residential areas, hypertension, and BMI. The mixture effect of exposure to multi-metals and CVD/T2D was obtained using Quantile G-computation (QGC). In the logistic regression model, chromium, nickel, and zinc levels were associated with CVD, and significant trends were observed for these chemical quartiles (P < 0.001). Arsenic, chromium, and copper levels were also associated with T2D. The weight quartile sum (WQS) index was significantly associated with both CVD (OR 4.17, 95% CI 2.16-7.69) and T2D (OR 11.96, 95% CI 5.65-18.26). Cd, Pb, and Ni were the most heavily weighed chemicals in these models.The Cd had the highest weight among the metals in the CVD model (weighted at 0.78), followed by Hg weighted at 0.197. For T2D, the serum Pb (weighted at 0.32), Ni (weighted at 0.19), Cr (weighted at 0.17), and Cd (weighted at 0.14) were the most weighted in the G-computation model. The results showed the significant role of toxic and essential elements in CVDs and T2D risk. This association may be driven primarily by cadmium and mercury for CVDs and Pb, Ni, Cr, and Cd for T2D, respectively. Prospective studies with higher sample sizes are necessary to confirm or refute our preliminary results as well as to determine other important elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borhan Mansouri
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ayoob Rezaei
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kiomars Sharafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nammamali Azadi
- Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meghdad Pirsaheb
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Rezaei
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Samaneh Nakhaee
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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Gu D, Wang D, Zhu Q, Luo L, Zhang T. Prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in sedentary occupational population from Shanghai: a cross-sectional study. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:21. [PMID: 38331828 PMCID: PMC10854172 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but its prevalence and determinants among sedentary occupational population are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors for dyslipidemia among a sedentary occupational population in Shanghai, China. METHODS We collected data from 35,950 sedentary occupational workers on their demographics, social, medical, and family history, lifestyle, anthropometry, and biochemistry. We used the 2016 Chinese guideline for the management of dyslipidemia in adults to define dyslipidemia and its subtypes. We performed multivariate logistic regression to examine the factors associated with dyslipidemia. RESULTS The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 29.10%, with 15.86% for high triglycerides (TG), 6.43% for high total cholesterol (TC), 5.37% for high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and 14.68% for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Men had a significantly higher prevalence of dyslipidemia than women (39.64% vs. 12.43%, P < 0.01). Factors associated with dyslipidemia included older age, being married, longer sedentary time while resting, frequent intake of animal viscera, current smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Current drinking was associated with a 1.24 times higher prevalence of high TG (P < 0.01). Current smokers were less likely to have low HDL-C than non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS Our present study, in a population of 35,950 sedentary occupational workers from Shanghai, demonstrated a prevalence of dyslipidemia, but lower than in other previous studies without the limitation of occupational characteristics. Prevention and control measures for dyslipidemia should take into account the characteristics and related factors for this population group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxing Gu
- Department of Information Center, Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi, 214065, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qinzhong Zhu
- Department of Information Center, Huadong Sanatorium, Wuxi, 214065, China
| | - Li Luo
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Rd, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Farjam M, Kheirandish M, Ghanbarnejad A, Nikpoor AR, Nejatizadeh A, Aghamolaei T, Shahmoradi M, Alizade H, Homayounfar R, Zarei H, Ghavidel S, Jamshidi V, Eftekhar E. Reference Interval for Non-HDL-Cholesterol, Remnant Cholesterol and Other Lipid Parameters in the Southern Iranian Population; Findings From Bandare Kong and Fasa Cohort Studies. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2024; 27:15-22. [PMID: 38431956 PMCID: PMC10915932 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2024.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence shows the undisputable role of non-HDL-C and remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment and treatment. However, the reference interval (RI) for these lipid parameters is not readily available. The aim of the present investigation was to determine the age and sex-specific RIs for non-HDL-C and remnant-C as well as other lipid parameters among a healthy population in southern Iran. We also report the RI of lipid parameters in rural and urban residents, smokers and post-menopausal women. METHODS Among 14063 participants of Bandare Kong and Fasa cohort studies, 792 healthy subjects (205 men and 578 women) aged 35-70 years were selected. Fasting blood samples were used for determination of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and HDL-C using colorimetric methods. Non-HDL-C and remnant-C were calculated using the valid formula. The 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were calculated and considered as RI. RESULTS In the total population (n=792, age 35-70), RIs for non-HDL-C and remnant-C was 74.0-206.8 and 8.0-52.7 mg/dL, respectively. Age (35-44 and≥45 years) and gender-specific RIs for serum non-HDL-C and remnant-C were determined. Remnant-C and non-HDL-C level were different between sex and age categories. The mean value of all lipid parameters except HDL-C was higher in men, urban residents, subject with age≥45 years and smokers. CONCLUSION This is the first study in which the RIs for non-HDL-C and remnant-C in southern Iran are reported. This may help physicians to conveniently use these lipid parameters for patient care and better cardiovascular risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Farjam
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Kheirandish
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amin Ghanbarnejad
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amin Reza Nikpoor
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Abdolazim Nejatizadeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Teymour Aghamolaei
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shahmoradi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hesam Alizade
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Reza Homayounfar
- National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Zarei
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Sahar Ghavidel
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Vahide Jamshidi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Eftekhar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Kim M, Kim J, Lee I. Interactive associations of smoking and physical activity with metabolic syndrome in adult men in Korea. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1281530. [PMID: 38035285 PMCID: PMC10687556 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1281530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the association of smoking and physical activity (PA) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adult men in Korea. Methods This study analyzed data of 7,229 adult men aged 19-64 years obtained from the 2014-2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Information on smoking habits was obtained using KNHANES data, while that on total PA (TPA), leisure-time PA (LTPA), and occupational PA (OPA) was collected using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Smoking status was classified into non-smokers and smokers, and PA was categorized into three groups (total, leisure time, and occupational) according to the time spent engaging in moderate or high-intensity PA areas. The diagnosis of MetS was based on the Adult Treatment Program III of the National Cholesterol Education Program and Koreans' waist circumference criteria. Results Logistic regression revealed that the risk of MetS was significantly lower in non-smokers than in smokers, even after adjusting for all covariates. The risk of MetS was significantly lower in individuals who engaged in at least 150 min of moderate- and high-intensity TPA or LTPA per week than in those who did not engage in PA. Furthermore, smokers who engaged in at least 150 min of moderate- to high-intensity TPA and LTPA per week had a significantly lower risk of MetS than those who did not engage in PA. Meanwhile, OPA was not associated with MetS. Conclusion The findings suggest that engaging in moderate- to high-intensity TPA or LTPA for at least 150 min per week attenuates the risk of MetS caused by smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Yongin University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonwoong Kim
- Department of Convergence, Seowon University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhwan Lee
- Department of Anti-aging Healthcare, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Human Senior Ecology Cooperative Course, Changwon National University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
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Shakiba E, Moradinazar M, Rahimi Z, Najafi F, Pasdar Y, Kohsari M. Tobacco smoking and blood parameters in the kurdish population of Iran. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:401. [PMID: 37580672 PMCID: PMC10426089 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03433-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the relationship between smoking and blood parameters in the Iranian Kurdish population. METHOD The current study was conducted based on the recruitment phase of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. RESULTS Current smokers had higher levels of RBC count, HCT, HGB, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC count, and GR%, than in other groups significantly. Passive smokers had higher levels of PLT count and PCT statistically. The increasing exposure time of smoking positively affected WBC count, GR%, PLT count, PCT, and RDW in female passive smokers. In addition, heavy smokers, as well as participants with a higher duration time of smoking, had the same results for significantly lower levels of lymphocyte and monocyte and a higher level of RBC indices. CONCLUSION According to the present study, along with the current smokers, the intensity of smoking, as well as the duration time of the smoke, could have a positive correlation with blood parameters. Furthermore, passive smokers and specifically secondhand female smokers were more vulnerable to smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Shakiba
- Behavioral disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Behavioral disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zohreh Rahimi
- Behavioral disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Behavioral disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Behavioral disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Maryam Kohsari
- Behavioral disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Moradifar P, Amiri MM. Prediction of hypercholesterolemia using machine learning techniques. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:255-265. [PMID: 37255802 PMCID: PMC10225453 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01125-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. Developing countries are more susceptible to hypercholesterolemia and its complications due to the increasing prevalence and the lack of adequate resources for conducting screening and/or prevention programs. Using machine learning techniques to identify factors contributing to hypercholesterolemia and developing predictive models can help early detection of hypercholesterolemia, especially in developing countries. Methods Data from the nationwide 2016 STEPs study in Iran were used to identify socioeconomic, lifestyle, and metabolic risk factors associated with hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, the predictive power of the identified risk factors was assessed using five commonly used machine learning algorithms (random forest; gradient boosting; support vector machine; logistic regression; artificial neural network) and 10-fold cross validation in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results A total of 14,667 individuals were included in this study, of those 12.8% (n = 1879) had (undiagnosed) hypercholesterolemia. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis the five most important risk factors for hypercholesterolemia were: older age (for the elderly group: OR = 2.243; for the middle-aged group: OR = 1.869), obesity-related factors including high BMI status (morbidly obese: OR = 1.884; obese: OR = 1.499; overweight: OR = 1.426) and AO (OR = 1.339), raised BP (hypertension: OR = 1.729; prehypertension: OR = 1.577), consuming fish once or twice per week (OR = 1.261), and having risky diet (OR = 1.163). Furthermore, all the five hypercholesterolemia prediction models achieved AUC around 0.62, and models based on random forest (AUC = 0.6282; specificity = 65.14%; sensitivity = 60.51%) and gradient boosting (AUC = 0.6263; specificity = 64.11%; sensitivity = 61.15%) had the optimal performance. Conclusion The study shows that socioeconomic inequalities, unhealthy lifestyle, and metabolic syndrome (including obesity and hypertension) are significant predictors of hypercholesterolemia. Therefore controlling these factors is necessary to reduce the burden of hypercholesterolemia. Furthermore, machine learning algorithms such as random forest and gradient boosting can be employed for hypercholesterolemia screening and its timely diagnosis. Applying deep learning algorithms as well as techniques for handling the class overlap problem seems necessary to improve the performance of the models.
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van der Plas A, Antunes M, Pouly S, de La Bourdonnaye G, Hankins M, Heremans A. Meta-analysis of the effects of smoking and smoking cessation on triglyceride levels. Toxicol Rep 2023; 10:367-375. [PMID: 36926662 PMCID: PMC10011683 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking increases lipid levels, including triglycerides, leading to increased cardiovascular disease risk. We performed a meta-analysis to quantify the effects of smoking and smoking cessation on triglyceride levels. The PubMed and Scopus databases were searched to identify studies reporting either triglyceride levels in smokers and non-smokers or the effects of smoking cessation on triglyceride levels. Fixed- and random-effects models were used to perform the analyses when three or more studies/comparisons were available. We identified 169 and 21 studies evaluating the effects of smoking and smoking cessation, respectively, on triglyceride levels. Triglyceride levels were 0.50 mmol/L (95% confidence interval: 0.49-0.50 mmol/L) higher in smokers than non-smokers, but the effect differed widely across studies. No statistically significant effect was observed on triglyceride levels between baseline and 6 weeks (mean difference [MD] = 0.02 [-0.09, 0.12] mmol/L), 2 months (MD = 0.03 [-0.21, 0.27] mmol/L), 3 months (MD = 0.08 [-0.03, 0.21] mmol/L), or 1 year (MD = 0.04 [-0.06, 0.14] mmol/L) after quitting. However, a slightly significant decrease in triglyceride levels was observed at 1 month after cessation (MD = -0.15 [-0.15, -0.01] mmol/L). The results of this meta-analysis provide a basis for understanding the effects of smoking and smoking cessation on triglyceride levels, which could have important implications for public health.
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Dietary niacin intake and risk of dyslipidemia: A pooled analysis of three prospective cohort studies. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2749-2758. [PMID: 36372046 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Although the pharmacological effect of niacin in lowering blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels has been demonstrated in several clinical studies, information regarding the effect of dietary niacin intake is uncertain, and the longitudinal association between dietary niacin intake and the risk of dyslipidemia has not been adequately studied. METHODS We analyzed data from three community-based cohort studies in Korea, including 211,567 participants aged ≥40 years. Dietary niacin intake was estimated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and the occurrence of dyslipidemia was confirmed through surveys during the follow-up period. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression to calculate the cohort-specific hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for dyslipidemia and pooled the results using the fixed-effects method. RESULTS Higher dietary niacin intake was associated with a reduced risk of dyslipidemia (pooled, multivariable-adjusted HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.62-0.82). Compared with the group whose dietary niacin intake was above the recommended dietary allowance in Korea, the risk of dyslipidemia increased by 32% (pooled, multivariable-adjusted HR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.19-1.46) in the group below the estimated average requirement in Korea. Spline regression showed a dose-response linear relationship between dietary niacin intake and the risk of dyslipidemia (all p-values for nonlinearity >0.05). CONCLUSION Consumption of foods with high niacin levels may help prevent or delay the onset of dyslipidemia.
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Asbaghi O, Ashtary-larky D, Naseri K, Saadati S, Zamani M, Rezaei Kelishadi M, Nadery M, Doaei S, Haghighat N. The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on lipid profile in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:953012. [PMID: 36438733 PMCID: PMC9682566 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.953012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The findings of trials investigating the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) administration on lipid profile are controversial. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to explore the effects of CLA supplementation on lipid profile. Methods Two authors independently searched electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until March 2022, in order to find relevant RCTs. The random effects model was used to evaluate the mean and standard deviation. Results In total, 56 RCTs with 73 effect sizes met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for the meta-analysis. CLA supplementation significantly alter triglycerides (TG) (WMD: 1.76; 95% CI: -1.65, 5.19), total cholesterols (TC) (WMD: 0.86; 95% CI: -0.42, 2.26), low-density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL-C) (WMD: 0.49; 95% CI: -0.75, 2.74), apolipoprotein A (WMD: -3.15; 95% CI: -16.12, 9.81), and apolipoprotein B (WMD: -0.73; 95% CI: -9.87, 8.41) concentrations. However, CLA supplementation significantly increased the density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD: -0.40; 95% CI: -0.72, -0.07) concentrations. Conclusion CLA supplementation significantly improved HDL-C concentrations, however, increased concentrations of TG, TC, LDL-C, apolipoprotein A, and apolipoprotein B. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, identifier: CRD42022331100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kaveh Naseri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeede Saadati
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohammad Zamani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Nadery
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Zahra Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Neda Haghighat
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Sakboonyarat B, Poovieng J, Jongcherdchootrakul K, Srisawat P, Hatthachote P, Mungthin M, Rangsin R. Prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among Royal Thai Army personnel and its related cardiometabolic risk factors, from 2017 to 2021. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1569. [PMID: 35978422 PMCID: PMC9387031 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertriglyceridemia is a common health problem independently associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), including ischemic heart disease and stroke. This study aims to determine the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among Royal Thai Army (RTA) personnel and its behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors using the RTA personnel database of the physical health examination from 2017 to 2021. Methods A serial cross-sectional study was conducted from 2017 to 2021. A total of 257,683 active-duty RTA personnel aged 35–60 years were included in the study. We defined hypertriglyceridemia as fasting triglyceride ≥150 mg/dL. Moreover, we performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis to investigate behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors for the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia. The magnitude of the association was presented as an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The hypertriglyceridemia prevalence among RTA personnel was 43.4% (95% CI: 42.9–43.8%) in 2017. It then continuously decreased to 40.3% (95% CI: 39.9–40.7%) in 2020 and slightly rose to 41.0% (95% CI: 40.6–41.4%) in 2021 (p for trend < 0.001). The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was higher for males than females (AOR 2.15; 95% CI: 2.07–2.23); RTA personnel aged 40–44 years compared with those aged 35–39 years (AOR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.08); and RTA personnel residing in the northeast (AOR; 1.15 95% CI: 1.11–1.18) and the north (AOR 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.08) compared with those residing in Bangkok. The independent behavioral factors associated with hypertriglyceridemia included alcohol consumption, smoking, and sedentary behavior. Moreover, cardiometabolic risk factors, including higher body mass index, high fasting plasma glucose (≥ 100 mg/dL), high blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg), and hypercholesterolemia (≥ 200 mg/dL), were significantly related to hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that hypertriglyceridemia is a frequent health issue, especially among males, participants aged 40–44 years, and RTA personnel residing in the northeast and the north. The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in this population was greatly influenced by alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and sedentary behavior. Both behavioral and cardiometabolic risk factors are potential targets for intervention to enhance the primary prevention of sequelae of hypertriglyceridemia, including ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boonsub Sakboonyarat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Jaturon Poovieng
- Department of Medicine, Phramongkutkalo College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Kanlaya Jongcherdchootrakul
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Phutsapong Srisawat
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Panadda Hatthachote
- Department of Physiology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Mathirut Mungthin
- Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Ram Rangsin
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Zhu H, Ye G, Xie Y, Zhu K, Zhu F, Chen Q. Association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and periodontitis severity in Chinese elderly: a cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:4753-4759. [PMID: 35348881 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is a local inflammatory disease of high prevalence worldwide. Increasing evidence has shown its association with cardiovascular diseases. While high-density lipoprotein is an important protective factor in preventing cardiovascular diseases, this study aims to examine whether high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is associated with different status of periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 874 Chinese retirees (≥ 60 years of age) with different statuses of periodontitis were enrolled. Periodontal clinical data were collected to define periodontal disease severity (no, mild-moderate, severe). Peripheral blood was collected for serum lipid profile analysis. Linear and logistic regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounders (gender, age, BMI, alcohol intake, exercise frequency, smoking habits) were used to determine the association of periodontitis with HDL-C. RESULTS After adjustments for confounders, linear regression analyses revealed a significant relationship between the decreased HDL-C and periodontitis severity (p < 0.05). Although the multivariable-adjusted ORs of decreased HDL-C were not statistically significant, logistic regression analyses showed Chinese elderly with severe periodontitis had higher odds of exhibiting clinically abnormal HDL-C levels than those without periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS The elderly population with periodontitis showed HDL-C levels significantly lower than those without periodontitis. The severity of periodontitis was positively correlated with serum HDL-C levels. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Periodontitis reduces HDL-C level in the elderly population, indicating that oral health should be paid attention to in the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guanchen Ye
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanyi Xie
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kangqi Zhu
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fudong Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Barré T, Fontaine H, Pol S, Ramier C, Di Beo V, Protopopescu C, Marcellin F, Bureau M, Bourlière M, Dorival C, Petrov-Sanchez V, Asselah T, Delarocque-Astagneau E, Larrey D, Duclos-Vallée JC, Carrat F, Carrieri P. Metabolic Disorders in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection: Coffee as a Panacea? (ANRS CO22 Hepather Cohort). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020379. [PMID: 35204261 PMCID: PMC8869416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
People living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are at high risk of liver disease progression, which is positively associated with metabolic disorders, but inversely associated with dyslipidemia. Diet, including dietary antioxidants, is a lever of metabolic disorder management. In particular, elevated coffee consumption is associated with different metabolic outcomes in the general population. We aimed to test whether such associations occur in HBV-infected people. Based on cross-sectional data from the ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort, we performed logistic regression models with (i) dyslipidemia, (ii) hypertension, and (iii) diabetes as outcomes, and with demographic, clinical, and socio-behavioral (including coffee consumption) data as explanatory variables. Among 4746 HBV-infected patients, drinking ≥3 cups of coffee per day was associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.49 [1.10–2.00], p = 0.009) and a lower risk of hypertension (0.64 [0.50–0.82], p = 0.001). It was not associated with diabetes. Elevated coffee consumption was associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia and a lower risk of hypertension in HBV-infected patients, two effects expected to be associated with favorable clinical outcomes. Further studies should test whether such metabolic benefits translate into reduced mortality risk in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangui Barré
- Aix Marseille Univ. Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France; (T.B.); (C.R.); (V.D.B.); (C.P.); (F.M.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Hélène Fontaine
- Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Département d’Hépatologie/Addictologie, 75014 Paris, France; (H.F.); (S.P.)
| | - Stanislas Pol
- Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, Département d’Hépatologie/Addictologie, 75014 Paris, France; (H.F.); (S.P.)
| | - Clémence Ramier
- Aix Marseille Univ. Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France; (T.B.); (C.R.); (V.D.B.); (C.P.); (F.M.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Vincent Di Beo
- Aix Marseille Univ. Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France; (T.B.); (C.R.); (V.D.B.); (C.P.); (F.M.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Camelia Protopopescu
- Aix Marseille Univ. Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France; (T.B.); (C.R.); (V.D.B.); (C.P.); (F.M.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Fabienne Marcellin
- Aix Marseille Univ. Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France; (T.B.); (C.R.); (V.D.B.); (C.P.); (F.M.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Morgane Bureau
- Aix Marseille Univ. Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France; (T.B.); (C.R.); (V.D.B.); (C.P.); (F.M.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Marc Bourlière
- Aix Marseille Univ. Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France; (T.B.); (C.R.); (V.D.B.); (C.P.); (F.M.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
- Hôpital St. Joseph, Service d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie, 13008 Marseille, France
| | - Céline Dorival
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Sorbonne Université, 75646 Paris, France;
| | - Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez
- ANRS MIE (France Recherche Nord & Sud Sida-HIV Hépatites|Maladies Infectieuses Emergentes), Unit for Basic and Clinical Research on Viral Hepatitis, 73013 Paris, France;
| | - Tarik Asselah
- Université de Paris, Centre de Recherche sur L’inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, 75018 Paris, France;
- Department of Hepatology, AP-HP, Hôpital Beaujon, 92110 Clichy, France
| | - Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, CESP, Team Anti-Infective Evasion and Pharmacoepidemiology, 78180 Montigny, France;
- AP-HP, GHU Paris Saclay University, Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Dominique Larrey
- Liver Unit-IRB-INSERM 1183, Hôpital Saint Eloi, 34090 Montpellier, France;
| | - Jean-Charles Duclos-Vallée
- AP-HP Hôpital Paul-Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Villejuif, UMR-S 1193, Université Paris-Saclay, FHU HEPATINOV, 94800 Villejuif, France;
| | - Fabrice Carrat
- Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Unité de Santé Publique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), 75012 Paris, France;
| | - Patrizia Carrieri
- Aix Marseille Univ. Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, 13005 Marseille, France; (T.B.); (C.R.); (V.D.B.); (C.P.); (F.M.); (M.B.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Safarpour AR, Fattahi MR, Niknam R, Tarkesh F, Mohammadkarimi V, Boogar SS, Abbasi E, Abtahi F, Sivandzadeh GR, Ejtehadi F, Afshar M, Shamsnia SA, Niknejad N. Alarm of non-communicable disease in Iran: Kavar cohort profile, baseline and 18-month follow up results from a prospective population-based study in urban area. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0260227. [PMID: 35085244 PMCID: PMC8794109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The PERSIAN Kavar cohort study (PKCS) aims to investigate the prevalence, trends, and relevant prognostic risk factors of non-communicable diseases in participants aged 35-70 years living in the urban area of Kavar County. Kavar County is located at the center of Fars province in the southwest of Iran. Overall, 5236 adults aged 35-70 years old were invited to participate in the PKCS. From whom, 4997 people comprising 2419 men and 2578 women met the inclusion criteria and were recruited in the study (participation rate: 95.4%). This study is aimed to follow participants for at least 10 years; it is designed to perform all procedures similar to the primary phase including biological sampling, laboratory tests, physical examinations, and collecting general, nutritional, and medical data at the 5th and 10th years of follow-up. In addition, participants are annually followed-up by phone to acquire data on the history of hospitalization, any major diagnosis or death. At the enrollment phase, trained interviewers were responsible for obtaining general, nutritional, and medical data utilizing a 482-item questionnaire. The results of the baseline phase of this study show that the overweight category was the most prevalent BMI category among the registered participants (n = 2005, 40.14%). Also, almost one-third of Kavar adult population suffered from metabolic syndrome at the baseline phase (n = 1664, 33.30%). The rate of eighteen-month follow-up response was 100% in the PKCS. Hypertension (n = 116, 2.32%), cardiovascular outcomes (n = 33, 0.66%), and diabetes (n = 32, 0.64%) were the most prevalent new-onset NCDs during eighteen months of follow-up in the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Safarpour
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Niknam
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Tarkesh
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Mohammadkarimi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Sadeghi Boogar
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elham Abbasi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Abtahi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Fardad Ejtehadi
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Afshar
- Kavar Health System Network, Kavar County, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Shamsnia
- Kavar Health System Network, Kavar County, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasim Niknejad
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Movahedian M, Golzan SA, Ashtary-Larky D, Clark CCT, Asbaghi O, Hekmatdoost A. The effects of artificial- and stevia-based sweeteners on lipid profile in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized clinical trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-17. [PMID: 34882023 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2012641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been posited that Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) intake may affect lipid profile. However, its proven effects on lipid profile are unclear, as clinical studies on this topic have produced inconsistent results. To fill this gap in knowledge, this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) sought to evaluate the effects of artificial- and stevia-based sweeteners consumption on lipid profile markers. To identify eligible RCTs, a systematic search up to April 2021 was completed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and EMBASE, using relevant keywords. A random-effect model was utilized to estimate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence (95% CI) for TG, TC, and LDL. On the other hand, a fixed-effect model was used to estimate the WMD and 95% CI for HDL. Fourteen RCTs were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that NNS did not affect TG (WMD:-1.31, 95% CI:-5.89, 3.27 mg/dl), TC (WMD:-2.27,95% CI:-7.61,3.07 mg/dl), LDL (WMD:1,95% CI: -2.72, 4.71 mg/dl), and HDL (WMD:0.06, 95% CI:-0.62,0.73 mg/dl). Subgroup analysis showed that NNS may be related to a small, but statistically significant, increase in LDL (WMD:4.23, 95% CI:0.50,7.96 mg/dl) in subjects with normal levels of LDL (<100 mg/dl). We found that consumption of artificial- and stevia-based sweeteners is not associated with lipid profile changes in adults. This study has been registered at PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021250025).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Movahedian
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Amirhossein Golzan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Herath P, Wimalasekera S, Amarasekara T, Fernando M, Turale S. Adverse effects of cigarette smoking on exhaled breath carbon monoxide, blood carboxyhemoglobin, and hematological parameters amongst Sri Lankan adult tobacco smokers: A descriptive study. POPULATION MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.18332/popmed/143076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Herath P, Wimalasekera S, Amarasekara T, Fernando M, Turale S. Effect of cigarette smoking on smoking biomarkers, blood pressure and blood lipid levels among Sri Lankan male smokers. Postgrad Med J 2021; 98:848-854. [PMID: 37063035 PMCID: PMC9613865 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-141016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Study purpose The aim of this study was to determine the fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, exhaled breath carbon monoxide (eCO) levels, blood pressure, blood lipid levels between smokers and non-smokers and to determine the association of smoking intensity with the above parameters. Methods This descriptive study was conducted in selected periurban areas of the Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Adult male current tobacco smokers (n=360), aged between 21 and 60 years were studied and compared with anthropometrically matched male non-smokers (n=180). Data were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaire, clinical assessment and measurement of FeNO by FENO monitor and eCO bySmokerlyser. Results Smokers had significantly lower mean FeNO levels and higher mean eCO values compared with non-smokers. Presentation of palpitations was higher among the smokers and a significantly positive correlation was identified between palpitations and eCO levels. There was a significantly positive correlation between the systolic blood pressure of smokers with the duration of smoking (DS), Brinkman Index (BI), Body Mass Index (BMI) and there was a significantly negative correlation with FeNO levels. The mean arterial pressure was positively correlated with the DS, BI and BMI. There was a significantly negative correlation between FeNO and the number of cigarettes smoked per day, DS and BI of smokers. Significantly higher total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very LDL-C, TC: HDL ratio and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was observed among smokers compared with the non-smokers. Conclusions Tobacco smoking was found to impact blood pressure and serum lipid levels thus enhancing the cardiovascular risk among smokers. The levels of eCO and FeNO are useful biomarkers for determining the intensity of smoking. The results indicate the necessity for urgent measures to stop cigarette smoking in Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Herath
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Ratmalana, Sri Lanka
| | - Savithri Wimalasekera
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Thamara Amarasekara
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Manoj Fernando
- Department of Health Promotion, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Sue Turale
- Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Nie F, Wang Z, Zeng Q, Guan H, Yang J, Luo P, Du L, Wang J, Hong F. Health behaviors and metabolic risk factors are associated with dyslipidemia in ethnic Miao Chinese adults: the China multi-ethnic cohort study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:851. [PMID: 33941138 PMCID: PMC8091723 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese ethnic minority groups are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE To quantify the cardiovascular risk factors in Miao Chinese adults and to examine the association of health behaviors and metabolic risk factors with dyslipidemia. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) study. A representative sample of 5559 Miao participants aged 30 to 79 years were surveyed and given physical and laboratory exams. The proportion of behavioral and metabolic risk factors were described in ethnic Miao adults. Logistic regression was utilized to evaluate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the association between health behaviors and metabolic risk factors with dyslipidemia. RESULTS In Miao Chinese adults, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 32.8%. After multivariate adjustment, subjects with poor waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and blood pressure (BP) were more likely to have higher risk of triglycerides (TG) abnormality, regardless of gender and age. Furthermore, the strongly association was detected between poor WHR and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) abnormality (adjusted OR = 5.24, 95%CI: 2.42-11.34) in the older subgroup (≥ 60 years). Males who current smoking were an independent risk factor only for high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) abnormality (adjusted OR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.05-1.99). However, in the subgroup age, current smoker were at greater risk of high TG and low HDL-C. Males with regular drinking were less likely to be high LDL-C (adjusted OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.32-0.81). CONCLUSIONS The present findings indicated that Miao adults with metabolic risk factors were at greater risk of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Nie
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Han Guan
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jingyuan Yang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Peng Luo
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lunwei Du
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Junhua Wang
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Feng Hong
- School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory Of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Nikparvar M, Khaladeh M, Yousefi H, Vahidi Farashah M, Moayedi B, Kheirandish M. Dyslipidemia and its associated factors in southern Iranian women, Bandare-Kong Cohort study, a cross-sectional survey. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9125. [PMID: 33911149 PMCID: PMC8080669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia, a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, has become a global issue. Due to the variations in the prevalence of dyslipidemia, this study aimed to evaluate dyslipidemia and its associated factors in women of the Bandare-Kong Cohort Study (BKNCD). This study was conducted on women from the population-based BKNCD, as part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN). Sociodemographic data, medical history, and anthropometric indices were collected. Dyslipidemia was defined as any lipid abnormality including low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥ 160, total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 240, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) < 40, or triglyceride > 200 mg/dl. From the 2223 women in this study (mean age: 48.28 ± 9.26 years), dyslipidemia was observed in 851 (38.3%). High TC was the most common lipid abnormality (18.5%) followed by high LDL (17.7%). Dyslipidemia was most prevalent among women aged 55-70 years, the married, those with < 6 years of education, the unemployed, the overweight or obese, with low socioeconomic status, diabetes, hypertension, and high waist circumference, those using the hookah and living in urban areas. Logistic regression revealed that women with high waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.60-3.08), those aged 45-54 years (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.07-1.68) and 55-70 years (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.03-1.72), and those living in urban areas (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.05-1.73) were at significantly increased risk of dyslipidemia. In addition, the results were confirmed using deep neural network models. Dyslipidemia was highly prevalent in Iranian women in the southern coastal region. Central obesity, age over 45 years, and living in urban areas appear to be relatively significant risk factors for dyslipidemia among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Nikparvar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Khaladeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hadi Yousefi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohammadsadegh Vahidi Farashah
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Jomhuri Eslami Blvd, Bandar Abbas, 7919915519, Iran
| | - Behzad Moayedi
- Soft Computing Lab, Department of Computer Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Kheirandish
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Mohammadi Hospital, Jomhuri Eslami Blvd, Bandar Abbas, 7919915519, Iran.
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Rezaei M, Fakhri N, Pasdar Y, Moradinazar M, Najafi F. Modeling the risk factors for dyslipidemia and blood lipid indices: Ravansar cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:176. [PMID: 32723339 PMCID: PMC7388539 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid disorder is one of the most important risk factors for chronic diseases. Identifying the factors affecting the development of lipid disorders helps reduce chronic diseases, especially Chronic Heart Disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to model the risk factors for dyslipidemia and blood lipid indices. METHODS This study was conducted based on the data collected in the initial phase of Ravansar cohort study (2014-16). At the beginning, all the 453 available variables were examined in 33 stages of sensitivity analysis by perceptron Artificial Neural Network (ANN) data mining model. In each stage, the variables that were more important in the diagnosis of dyslipidemia were identified. The relationship among the variables was investigated using stepwise regression. The data obtained were analyzed in SPSS software version 25, at 0.05 level of significance. RESULTS Forty percent of the subjects were diagnosed with lipid disorder. ANN identified 12 predictor variables for dyslipidemia related to nutrition and physical status. Alkaline phosphatase, Fat Free Mass (FFM) index, and Hemoglobin (HGB) had a significant relationship with all the seven blood lipid markers. The Waist Hip Ratio was the most effective variable that showed a stronger correlation with cholesterol and Low-Density Lipid (LDL). The FFM index had the greatest effect on triglyceride, High-Density Lipid (HDL), cholesterol/HDL, triglyceride/HDL, and LDL/HDL. The greatest coefficients of determination pertained to the triglyceride/HDL (0.203) and cholesterol/HDL (0.188) model with nine variables and the LDL/HDL (0.180) model with eight variables. CONCLUSION According to the results, alkaline phosphatase, FFM index, and HGB were three common predictor variables for all the blood lipid markers. Specialists should focus on controlling these factors in order to gain greater control over blood lipid markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Rezaei
- Professor of Biostatistics, Biostatistics Department, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Negin Fakhri
- Master of Biostatistics, Student's research committee, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Professor of Epidemiology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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