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Fagbohun OF, Thilakarathna WPDW, Zhou J, Lehmann C, Jiao G, Rupasinghe HPV. Sea Cucumber and Blueberry Extracts Suppress Inflammation and Reduce Acute Lung Injury through the Regulation of NF-κB/MAPK/JNK Signaling Pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-Treated C57BL/6 Mice. Molecules 2024; 29:1511. [PMID: 38611791 PMCID: PMC11013731 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) represents a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality despite modern mechanical ventilators and multiple pharmacological strategies. Therefore, there is a need to develop efficacious interventions with minimal side effects. The anti-inflammatory activities of sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) and wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) extracts have been reported recently. However, their anti-inflammatory activities and the mechanism of action against ALI are not fully elucidated. Thus, the present study aims to understand the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of sea cucumber and wild blueberry extracts in the context of ALI. Experimental ALI was induced via intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation in C57BL/6 mice and the anti-inflammatory properties were determined by cytokine analysis, histological examination, western blot, and qRT-PCR. The results showed that oral supplementation of sea cucumber extracts repressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, thereby downregulating the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in the lung tissue and in the plasma. Wild blueberry extracts also suppressed the expression of IL-4. Furthermore, the combination of sea cucumber and wild blueberry extracts restrained MAPK signaling pathways by prominent attenuation of phosphorylation of NF-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) while the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly suppressed. Moreover, there was a significant and synergistic reduction in varying degrees of ALI lesions such as distorted parenchyma, increased alveoli thickness, lymphocyte and neutrophil infiltrations, fibrin deposition, pulmonary emphysema, pneumonia, intra-alveolar hemorrhage, and edema. The anti-inflammatory effect of the combination of sea cucumber and wild blueberry extracts is associated with suppressing MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, thereby significantly reducing cytokine storm in LPS-induced experimental ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladapo F. Fagbohun
- Department Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (O.F.F.); (W.P.D.W.T.)
- Department of Biology, Center for Agriculture and Sciences, Wilmington College, 1870 Quaker Way, Wilmington, OH 45177, USA
| | - Wasitha P. D. W. Thilakarathna
- Department Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (O.F.F.); (W.P.D.W.T.)
| | - Juan Zhou
- Departments of Anaesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (J.Z.); (C.L.)
| | - Christian Lehmann
- Departments of Anaesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada; (J.Z.); (C.L.)
| | - Guangling Jiao
- Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, Faculty of Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
| | - H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (O.F.F.); (W.P.D.W.T.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Zhou KL, He YR, Liu YJ, Liu YM, Xuan LZ, Gu ZY, He HY, Ju MJ. IL-17A/p38 Signaling Pathway Induces Alveolar Epithelial Cell Pyroptosis and Hyperpermeability in Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Activating NLRP3 Inflammasome. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300220. [PMID: 37607110 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndrome with poor prognosis. Nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and T helper 17 (Th17) cells are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. This study aims to explore their roles and underlying mechanisms in sepsis. The blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are collected from sepsis patients and healthy donors. A sepsis mice model is established by cecal ligation puncture (CLP). The contents of cytokines are detected by ELISA. The amounts of Th17 cells, IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-18, and lipopolysaccharide is significantly elevated in sepsis patients. The increased differentiation of Th17 cells can promote lung cell pyroptosis and induce hyperpermeability via activating NLRP3 inflammasome and p38 pathway. The inhibitors targeting Th17 cells, NLRP3 inflammasome, and p38 pathway can significantly alleviate lung injury in sepsis mice. Th17 cells can secrete IL-17A to activate NLRP3 inflammasome via p38 signaling pathway, which contributes to the development of sepsis-induced acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Lin Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (XiaMen Branch), No. 668, JinHu Rd, XiaMen, 361015, P. R. China
| | - Yi Ran He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fengling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yu Jing Liu
- Department of Nursing, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fengling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yi Mei Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fengling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhen Xuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fengling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhun Yong Gu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fengling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hong Yu He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fengling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Min Jie Ju
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180, Fengling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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3
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Zhou Z, Zou M, Chen H, Zhu F, Wang T, Huang X. Forkhead box A1 induces angiogenesis through activation of the S100A8/p38 MAPK axis in cutaneous wound healing. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:742-753. [PMID: 37459395 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2233693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) and angiogenesis has been reported in previous reports. This study focuses on the roles of S100A8 in the angiogenesis of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) and in cutaneous wound healing in mice. METHODS Candidate genes related to angiogenesis activity were screened using a GSE83582 dataset. The overexpression DNA plasmid of S100A8 was transfected into HDMECs to analyze its effect on cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Full-thickness skin wounds were induced on mice, followed by adenovirus treatments to analyze the function of gene alteration in wound healing and pathological changes. The upstream regulator of S100A8 was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by luciferase and immunoprecipitation assays. The role of the forkhead box A1 (FOXA1)-S100A8 interaction in p38 MAPK activation and angiogenesis were validated by rescue experiments. RESULTS S100A8 was identified as a gene significantly correlated with angiogenesis. The S100A8 upregulation promoted the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HDMECs, and it promoted p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Treatment of SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, blocked the promoting effect of S100A8. FOXA1 was identified as an upstream factor of S100A8 promoting its transcription. FOXA1 overexpression in HDMECs increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation and enhanced the activity of cells, which were blocked by the S100A8 inhibition. Similar results were reproduced in vivo where FOXA1 overexpression accelerated whereas the S100A8 knockdown retarded the cutaneous wound healing in mice. CONCLUSION FOXA1 mediates the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK through transcription activation of S100A8, thereby inducing angiogenesis and promoting cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhi Zhou
- Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Meilin Zou
- Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Furong Zhu
- Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xinling Huang
- Department of Burn Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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Antunes J, Sobral P, Martins M, Branco V. Nanoplastics activate a TLR4/p38-mediated pro-inflammatory response in human intestinal and mouse microglia cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 104:104298. [PMID: 37865352 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The crescent presence of nanoplastics in the environment raises concerns regarding their potential impact on health. This study exposed human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) and microglia cells (N9) to nanoplastics (25 nm, 50 nm, and 100 nm Polystyrene) to investigate their inflammatory responses, which are vital for body's defence. Although cytotoxicity remained generally low, HT29 cells exhibited a notable upregulation of p50 and p38 expression, concomitant with elevated TLR4 expression, in contrast with N9 cells that showed a less pronounced upregulation of these proteins. Additionally, nanoplastic exposure increased IL-1ß levels, partially attenuated by pre-exposure to TLR4 or p38 inhibitors. Intriguingly, N9 cells exposed to nanoplastics exhibited substantial increases in iNOS mRNA. This effect was entirely prevented by pre-exposure to TLR4 or p38 inhibitors, while TNF-α mRNA levels remained relatively stable. These findings underscore the potential of nanoplastics to activate inflammatory pathways, with response kinetics varying depending on the cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Antunes
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET, Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Department of Science and Environmental Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), University NOVA of Lisbon, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Paula Sobral
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET, Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Department of Science and Environmental Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), University NOVA of Lisbon, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Marta Martins
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET, Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Department of Science and Environmental Engineering, NOVA School of Science and Technology (FCT NOVA), University NOVA of Lisbon, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Vasco Branco
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal.
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Wang Y, Abazid A, Badendieck S, Mustea A, Stope MB. Impact of Non-Invasive Physical Plasma on Heat Shock Protein Functionality in Eukaryotic Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051471. [PMID: 37239142 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, biomedical research has increasingly investigated physical plasma as an innovative therapeutic approach with a number of therapeutic biomedical effects. It is known from radiation and chemotherapy that these applications can lead to the induction and activation of primarily cytoprotective heat shock proteins (HSP). HSP protect cells and tissues from physical, (bio)chemical, and physiological stress and, ultimately, along with other mechanisms, govern resistance and treatment failure. These mechanisms are well known and comparatively well studied in drug therapy. For therapies in the field of physical plasma medicine, however, extremely little data are available to date. In this review article, we provide an overview of the current studies on the interaction of physical plasma with the cellular HSP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Abazid
- Department of General, Visceral and Thorax Surgery, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Steffen Badendieck
- Department of General, Visceral and Thorax Surgery, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Mustea
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias B Stope
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Ng CT, Fong LY, Abdullah MNH. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ): Reviewing its mechanisms and signaling pathways on the regulation of endothelial barrier function. Cytokine 2023; 166:156208. [PMID: 37088004 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a critical role in mediating an array of immune responses including promotes antiviral activity, facilitates macrophage activation, controls Th1/Th2 balance, and regulates cellular apoptosis and proliferation. A few articles have previously reviewed the effects of IFN-γ in the regulation of barrier permeability, but none of these articles focuses on barrier function of endothelial cells. This review aims to discuss the regulatory mechanisms of IFN-γ on endothelial barrier function and its underlying signaling pathways. Articles were retrieved from electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords "Interferon-gamma", "endothelial cells", "barrier function", and "signaling pathway". The articles published between 2000 and 2022 that are related to the aforementioned topics were selected. A few journals published beyond this period were also included due to limited information available. The results showed that IFN-γ modulates endothelial barrier function, mainly involves small GTPases, STAT1-dependent pathway, p38 MAPK and nitric oxide. In conclusion, more in depth cellular and molecular studies are needed to elucidate the pathways of IFN-γ in the regulation of endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Theng Ng
- Unit of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong, 08100 Kedah, Malaysia.
| | - Lai Yen Fong
- Department of Pre-clinical Sciences, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, 43000 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Nazrul Hakim Abdullah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia
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Peng M, Yi W, Murong M, Peng N, Tong H, Jiang M, Jin D, Peng S, Liang W, Quan J, Li M, Shi L, Xiao G. Akkermansia muciniphila improves heat stress-impaired intestinal barrier function by modulating HSP27 in Caco-2 cells. Microb Pathog 2023; 177:106028. [PMID: 36796737 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heat stress causes an elevation of intestinal epithelial barrier permeability and leads to multiple organ dysfunction in heatstroke. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) plays a role in maintaining intestinal integrity and improving the inflammatory state. This study aimed to investigate whether A. muciniphila could alleviate heat stress-induced dysfunction of intestinal permeability in Caco-2 monolayers and have the preventive effects on heatstroke. METHODS Human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells were preincubated with live or pasteurized A. muciniphila then exposed to heat stress at 43 °C. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the flux of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) across cell monolayers were measured to determine intestinal permeability. The levels of the tight junction proteins Occludin, ZO-1 and HSP27 were analyzed by Western blotting. These proteins were immunostained and localized by fluorescence microscopy. TJ morphology was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Both live and pasteurized A. muciniphila effectively attenuated the decrease in TEER and impairment of intestinal permeability in HRP flux induced by heat exposure. A. muciniphila significantly elevated the expression of Occludin and ZO-1 by promoting HSP27 phosphorylation. The distortion and redistribution of tight junction proteins and disruption of morphology were also effectively prevented by pretreatment with A. muciniphila. CONCLUSION This study indicates for the first time that both live and pasteurized A. muciniphila play an important protective role against heat-induced permeability dysfunction and epithelial barrier damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital Group, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518001, China
| | - Wanhua Yi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Min Murong
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Na Peng
- Emergency Department, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Huasheng Tong
- Emergency Department, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Mengliu Jiang
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Di Jin
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Suliu Peng
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Weifen Liang
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Jingwen Quan
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Muman Li
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Linna Shi
- Department of Nutrition, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
| | - Guizhen Xiao
- Department of Nutrition, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China; Huabo Post-Doctoral Research Center, Biological Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China.
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8
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Xiang Y, Li X, Cai M, Cai D. USP9X promotes lipopolysaccharide-stimulated acute lung injury by deubiquitination of NLRP3. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:394-405. [PMID: 36525374 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) function as a vital defense barrier avoiding the invasion of exogenous agents and preserving the functional and structural integrity of lung tissues, while damage/breakdown of this airway epithelial barrier is frequently associated with the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). NOD-like receptor family, pyrindomain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation-associated pyroptosis is involved in the development of ALI. Yet, how the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome is regulated in the context of ALI remains unknown. Herein we hypothesized that USP9X, an important deubiquitinase, participates in modulating the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby affecting the phenotypes in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated AEC model. Human pulmonary AECs were subjected to LPS/adenosine triphosphate (ATP) treatment to induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cell pyroptosis. Knockdown and overexpression of USP9X were applied to validate the function of USP9X. Inhibitors of proteinase and protein synthesis, as well as approach of co-immunoprecipitation coupled with Western blot, were utilized to explore the molecular mechanism. LPS/ATP challenge resulted in pronouncedly increased pyroptosis of AECs, activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and release of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 cytokines, while downregulation of USP9X could reverse these alterations. USP9X was found to have marked impact on NLRP3 protein instead of mRNA level. Furthermore, increased ubiquitination of NLRP3 was observed upon downregulating USP9X. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of USP9X downregulation was reversed by NLRP3 overexpression, while the promoting impact of USP9X overexpression was dampened by NLRP3 inhibitor in terms of cell pyroptosis and cytokine secretion. USP9X modulated the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis of AECs via its deubiquitination function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Xiang
- Development Project of Shanghai Peak Disciplines-Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangting Li
- Development Project of Shanghai Peak Disciplines-Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Cai
- Development Project of Shanghai Peak Disciplines-Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingfang Cai
- Development Project of Shanghai Peak Disciplines-Integrative Medicine, Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Kamal AHM, Chakrabarty JK, Chowdhury SM. Lipopolysaccharide and statin-mediated immune-responsive protein networks revealed in macrophages through affinity purification spacer-arm controlled cross-linking (AP-SPACC) proteomics. Mol Omics 2023; 19:48-59. [PMID: 36377691 DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00224h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a pattern recognition receptor, is activated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and induces the MyD88 pathway, which subsequently produces pro-inflammatory cytokines through activation of transcriptional nuclear factor (NF)-κB. Statins have been widely prescribed to reduce cholesterol synthesis for patients with cardiovascular disease. Statins may have pleiotropic effects, which include anti- and pro-inflammatory effects on cells. The molecular mechanism of the sequential influence of LPS and statin on the innate immune system remains unknown. We employed affinity purification-spacer-arm controlled cross-linking (AP-SPACC) MS-based proteomics analysis to identify the LPS- and statin-LPS-responsive proteins and their networks. LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells singly and combined with the drug statin used in this study. Two chemical cross-linkers with different spacer chain lengths were utilized to stabilize the weak and transient interactors. Proteomic analysis identified 1631 differentially expressed proteins. We identified 151 immune-response proteins through functional enrichment analysis and visualized their interaction networks. Selected candidate protein-coding genes were validated, specifically squamous cell carcinoma antigens recognized by T cells 3, sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1, Ras-related protein Rab-35, and tumor protein D52 protein-coding genes through transcript-level expression analysis. The expressions of those genes were significantly increased upon statin treatment and decreased in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells. Therefore, we presumed that the expression changes of genes occurred due to immune response during activation of inflammation. These results highlight the immune-responsive proteins network, providing a new platform for novel investigations and discovering future therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Hena Mostafa Kamal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA. .,Advanced Technology Cores, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Metabolomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jayanta K Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA. .,Quantitative Proteomics and Metabolomics Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Saiful M Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
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10
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Mahish C, De S, Chatterjee S, Ghosh S, Keshry SS, Mukherjee T, Khamaru S, Tung KS, Subudhi BB, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay S. TLR4 is one of the receptors for Chikungunya virus envelope protein E2 and regulates virus induced pro-inflammatory responses in host macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1139808. [PMID: 37153546 PMCID: PMC10157217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) receptor, is known to exert inflammation in various cases of microbial infection, cancer and autoimmune disorders. However, any such involvement of TLR4 in Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection is yet to be explored. Accordingly, the role of TLR4 was investigated towards CHIKV infection and modulation of host immune responses in the current study using mice macrophage cell line RAW264.7, primary macrophage cells of different origins and in vivo mice model. The findings suggest that TLR4 inhibition using TAK-242 (a specific pharmacological inhibitor) reduces viral copy number as well as reduces the CHIKV-E2 protein level significantly using p38 and JNK-MAPK pathways. Moreover, this led to reduced expression of macrophage activation markers like CD14, CD86, MHC-II and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6, MCP-1) significantly in both the mouse primary macrophages and RAW264.7 cell line, in vitro. Additionally, TAK-242-directed TLR4 inhibition demonstrated a significant reduction of percent E2-positive cells, viral titre and TNF expression in hPBMC-derived macrophages, in vitro. These observations were further validated in TLR4-knockout (KO) RAW cells. Furthermore, the interaction between CHIKV-E2 and TLR4 was demonstrated by immuno-precipitation studies, in vitro and supported by molecular docking analysis, in silico. TLR4-dependent viral entry was further validated by an anti-TLR4 antibody-mediated blocking experiment. It was noticed that TLR4 is necessary for the early events of viral infection, especially during the attachment and entry stages. Interestingly, it was also observed that TLR4 is not involved in the post-entry stages of CHIKV infection in host macrophages. The administration of TAK-242 decreased CHIKV infection significantly by reducing disease manifestations, improving survivability (around 75%) and reducing inflammation in mice model. Collectively, for the first time, this study reports TLR4 as one of the novel receptors to facilitate the attachment and entry of CHIKV in host macrophages, the TLR4-CHIKV-E2 interactions are essential for efficient viral entry and modulation of infection-induced pro-inflammatory responses in host macrophages, which might have translational implication for designing future therapeutics to regulate the CHIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Mahish
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saikat De
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Sanchari Chatterjee
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Soumyajit Ghosh
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, India
| | - Supriya Suman Keshry
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Tathagata Mukherjee
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Somlata Khamaru
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kshyama Subhadarsini Tung
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bharat Bhusan Subudhi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Soma Chattopadhyay
- Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
- *Correspondence: Subhasis Chattopadhyay, ; Soma Chattopadhyay,
| | - Subhasis Chattopadhyay
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- *Correspondence: Subhasis Chattopadhyay, ; Soma Chattopadhyay,
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Lipopolysaccharide Inhibits Autophagy and Promotes Inflammatory Responses via p38 MAPK-Induced Proteasomal Degradation of Atg13 in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:9603989. [PMID: 36148140 PMCID: PMC9489415 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9603989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation plays a critical role in the progression of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Atg13 is a vital regulatory component of the ULK1 complex, which plays an essential role in the initiation of autophagy. Previously, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were considered to be noninflammatory cells that contribute only to hepatic fibrosis. Recently, it has been found that HSCs can secrete inflammatory cytokines and participate in hepatic inflammation. Autophagy and proteasome-mediated degradation constitute two major means of protein turnover in cells. Autophagy has been shown to regulate inflammation, but it is unclear whether ubiquitin (Ub)-proteasome system (UPS) is involved in inflammatory responses in HSCs during ACLF. Methods Clinical data were collected from ACLF patients, and surgically resected paraffin-embedded human ACLF liver tissue specimens were collected. The expression of Atg13 was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Secretion of IL-1β was assessed by ELISA. Atg13 was knocked down by siRNA in LX2 cells. Coimmunoprecipitation assay was used to detect protein binding and polyubiquitination of Atg13. In vitro tests with LX2 cells were performed to explore the effects and regulation of p38 MAPK, Atg13, UPS, autophagy, and inflammation. Results Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was positively associated with disease severity in ACLF patients, and p38 MAPK was overexpressed in ACLF liver tissue. We evaluated the role of Atg13 in HSC inflammation and explored the possible underlying mechanisms. Inflammatory factors were upregulated via activation of p38 MAPK and inhibition of autophagy in LX-2 cells. Expression of Atg13 was decreased in LPS-incubated LX2 cells. Atg13 knockdown markedly inhibited autophagy and promoted LPS-induced inflammation in LX2 cells. Our in vitro experiments also showed that LPS induced depletion of Atg13 via UPS, and this process was dependent on p38 MAPK. Conclusions LPS induces proteasomal degradation of Atg13 via p38 MAPK, thereby participating in the aggravation of LPS-induced autophagy inhibition and inflammatory responses in LX2 cells. Atg13 serves as a mediator between autophagy and proteasome. Modulation of Atg13 or proteasome activity might be a novel strategy for treating HSC inflammation.
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Yang L, Chen H, Hu Q, Liu L, Yuan Y, Zhang C, Tang J, Shen X. Eupalinolide B attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury through inhibition of NF-κB and MAPKs signaling by targeting TAK1 protein. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109148. [PMID: 35988521 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening disease characterized by severe inflammatory response, which has no pharmacological therapy in clinic. In this study, we found that eupalinolide B (EB), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Eupatorium lindleyanum, significantly ameliorated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice, which manifests as reduction in lung injury score, activity of myeloperoxidase, and release of cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). In RAW264.7 murine macrophages, EB effectively inhibited LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by down-regulating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), respectively. Mechanistically, EB not only blocked LPS-induced phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase-α/β (IKKα/β), phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B alpha (IκBα), and phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) P65, but also suppressed LPS-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in vitro or in vivo. Through cellular thermal shift assay and western blotting, EB was demonstrated to target and inactivate transforming growth factor β activated kinase-1 (TAK1), which is an important upstream kinase for the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs pathways. Additionally, EB-mediated actions were markedly abolished by dithiothreitol in LPS-exposed RAW264.7 cells, suggesting a crucial role of the α,γ-unsaturated lactone for the anti-inflammatory activity of EB. In conclusion, our findings showed that EB could effectively alleviate ALI in mice, and attenuate inflammatory response by inhibiting the activation of TAK1, and TAK1-mediated activation of NF-κB and MAPKs cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Hongqing Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qiongying Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137 Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chuantao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 610072 Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Xiaofei Shen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
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13
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Schäfer TV, Vakunenkova OA, Ivnitsky JJ, Golovko AI. Gut Barrier in Critical States of the Body. BIOLOGY BULLETIN REVIEWS 2022. [PMCID: PMC9297268 DOI: 10.1134/s2079086422040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier (IB) is a system of diffusion barriers separating the intestinal chyme and blood. The aim of the review is to identify the role of IB dysfunction in the formation of critical states of the body and to substantiate ways to prevent these states. Toxic substances produced by normal intestinal microflora are characterized. The involvement of endotoxin and ammonia in the pathogenesis of sepsis, acute circulatory disorders, secondary acute pulmonary lesions, and acute cerebral insufficiency is shown. Approaches to protect the IB in critical states of the body are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. V. Schäfer
- State Scientific Research and Testing Institute of Military Medicine, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O. A. Vakunenkova
- Golikov Scientific and Clinical Center of Toxicology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ju. Ju. Ivnitsky
- Golikov Scientific and Clinical Center of Toxicology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A. I. Golovko
- Golikov Scientific and Clinical Center of Toxicology, St. Petersburg, Russia
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14
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Ivnitsky JJ, Schäfer TV, Rejniuk VL, Vakunenkova OA. Secondary Dysfunction of the Intestinal Barrier in the Pathogenesis of Complications of Acute Poisoning. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2022; 58:1075-1098. [PMID: 36061072 PMCID: PMC9420239 DOI: 10.1134/s0022093022040123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has been marked by an exponential increase
in the number of publications on the physiological role of the normal
human gut microbiota. The idea of a symbiotic relationship between
the human organism and normal microbiota of its gastrointestinal
tract has been firmly established as an integral part of the current
biomedical paradigm. However, the type of this symbiosis varies
from mutualism to parasitism and depends on the functional state
of the host organism. Damage caused to the organism by external
agents can lead to the emergence of conditionally pathogenic properties
in the normal gut microbiota, mediated by humoral factors and affecting
the outcome of exogenous exposure. Among the substances produced
by symbiotic microbiota, there are an indefinite number of compounds
with systemic toxicity. Some occur in the intestinal chyme in potentially
lethal amounts in the case they enter the bloodstream quickly. The quick
entry of potential toxicants is prevented by the intestinal barrier
(IB), a set of structural elements separating the intestinal chyme
from the blood. Hypothetically, severe damage to the IB caused by
exogenous toxicants can trigger a leakage and subsequent systemic
redistribution of toxic substances of bacterial origin. Until recently,
the impact of such a redistribution on the outcome of acute exogenous
poisoning remained outside the view of toxicology. The present review
addresses causal relationships between the secondary dysfunction
of the IB and complications of acute poisoning. We characterize
acute systemic toxicity of such waste products of the normal gut microflora
as ammonia and endotoxins, and demonstrate their involvement in
the formation of such complications of acute poisoning as shock,
sepsis, cerebral insufficiency and secondary lung injuries. The
principles of assessing the functional state of the IB and the approaches
to its protection in acute poisoning are briefly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju. Ju. Ivnitsky
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, Federal Medical Biological Agency, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - T. V. Schäfer
- State Scientific Research Test Institute of Military Medicine, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V. L. Rejniuk
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, Federal Medical Biological Agency, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O. A. Vakunenkova
- Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology, Federal Medical Biological Agency, St. Petersburg, Russia
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15
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Chen B, Gong S, Li M, Liu Y, Nie J, Zheng J, Zheng X, Li J, Gan Y, Su Z, Chen J, Li Y, Xie Q, Yan F. Protective effect of oxyberberine against acute lung injury in mice via inhibiting RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113307. [PMID: 35753262 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI), hallmarked with alveolar epithelial barrier impairment and pulmonary edema induced by acute inflammation, presents a severe health burden to the public, due to the limited available interventions. Oxyberberine (OBB), having improved anti-inflammatory activity and safety, is a representative component with various activities derived from berberine, whereas its role against ALI with alveolar epithelial barrier injury remains uncertain. To investigate the influence and underlying mechanisms of OBB on ALI, we induced acute inflammation in mice and A549 cells by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Changes in alveolar permeability were assessed by analyzing lung histopathology, measuring the dry/wet weight ratio of the lungs, and altering proinflammatory cytokines and neutrophils levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Parameters of pulmonary permeability were assessed through ELISA, western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence analysis. U46619, the agonist of RhoA/ROCK, was employed to further investigate the mechanism of OBB on ALI. Unexpectedly, we found OBB mitigated lung impairment, pulmonary edema, inflammatory reactions in BALF and lung tissue, reduction in ZO-1, and addition of connexin-43. Besides, OBB markedly reduced the expression of RhoA in association with its downstream factors, which are linked to the intercellular junctions and permeability both in vivo and in vitro. Nevertheless, U46619 abolished the benefits obtained from OBB in A549 cells. In conclusion, these outcomes indicated that OBB exerted RhoA/ROCK inhibitor-like effect to moderate alveolar epithelial barrier impairment and permeability, ultimately preventing ALI progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shiting Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Minhua Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanlu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Juan Nie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; Medical School, Hubei Minzu University, Hubei 445000, China
| | - Jingna Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jincan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuxuan Gan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiannan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Yucui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qingfeng Xie
- Li Ke and Qi Yu-ru Academic Experience Inheritance Studio, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Second Clinical College Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Fang Yan
- Li Ke and Qi Yu-ru Academic Experience Inheritance Studio, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Second Clinical College Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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16
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Xia D, Wang S, Liu A, Li L, Zhou P, Xu S. CCL25 Inhibition Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Inflammation. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:3309-3321. [PMID: 35782530 PMCID: PMC9241997 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s352544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common clinical syndrome with high mortality. The chemokine ligand 25 (CCL25) is involved in inflammation, leukocyte trafficking and immunoregulation. However, the role and mechanism of CCL25 in ALI are not fully understood yet. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between acute lung injury and CCL25. Patients and Methods In this study, we first examined chemokine expression in sepsis patients and found that serum CCL25 expression levels were relatively high in sepsis patients compared to healthy individuals. Based on this, we designed in vitro and in vivo experiments to verify the validity of the theory. In vitro, we used lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). In vivo, we established male C57BL/6 mice cecal ligation puncture (CLP) model of sepsis. Results In vitro, we used lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs) and found significantly higher expression of CCL25 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Inhibition of CCL25 resulted in a significant decrease in the expression of inflammatory cytokines in HPMECs. In addition, we found that CCL25 promoted increased endothelial permeability by reducing the expression of tight junction proteins and was associated with activation of the P38 MAPK pathway by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance and fluorescence intensity of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Results from luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that inhibition of NF-κB activity in HPMECs decreased CCL25 expression, but addition of recombinant CCL25 increased cell permeability and inflammatory cytokine expression. In vivo, we established male C57BL/6 mice cecal ligation puncture (CLP) model of sepsis. We found that inhibition of CCL25 significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine expression in a CLP-induced sepsis model, thereby alleviating lung tissue damage in mice. Conclusion Our study suggests that CCL25 contributed to the development of ALI by modulating the functions of microvascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Xia
- Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anwei Liu
- Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Panyu Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuogui Xu
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, The Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuogui Xu; Panyu Zhou, Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8613176535161; +8619821317892, Email ;
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Zheng Z, Gao M, Tang C, Huang L, Gong Y, Liu Y, Wang J. E. coli JM83 damages the mucosal barrier in Ednrb knockout mice to promote the development of Hirschsprung‑associated enterocolitis via activation of TLR4/p‑p38/NF‑κB signaling. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:168. [PMID: 35302172 PMCID: PMC8971921 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is characterized by intestinal mucosal damage and an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota. Recent studies have indicated that the TLR4/p-p38/NF-κB signaling pathway in the intestine is of great importance to intestinal mucosal integrity. The present study aimed to investigate the role of TLR4/phosphorylated (p-)38/NF-κB signaling in the pathogenesis of HAEC in E. coli JM83-infected endothelin receptor B (Ednrb)−/− mice. Ednrb−/− mice were infected with E. coli JM83 by oral gavage to establish the HAEC model. Wild-type and Ednrb−/− mice were randomly divided into uninfected and E. coli groups. The role of TLR4/p-p38/NF-κB signaling was further evaluated by in vivo and in vitro analyses. The activation of the TLR4/p-p38/NF-κB signaling pathway induced by E. coli JM83 resulted in HAEC in Ednrb−/− mice, which was evidenced by a significant increase in the expression of TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10, and a decreased density of F-actin protein expression. TLR4 knockdown reduced the severity of enterocolitis and attenuated the expression of IL-10, TNF-α and TGF-β, whilst increasing the density of F-actin protein in Ednrb−/− mice after E. coli infection. These results indicated that E. coli JM83 activates TLR4/p-p38/NF-κB signaling in Ednrb−/− to promote the development of HAEC. Thus, inhibition of this signaling pathway may benefit the treatment and prevention of HAEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebing Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Mingjuan Gao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Chengyan Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Gong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanmei Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Pediatric Research Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
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18
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HSP27 protects against ferroptosis of glioblastoma cells. Hum Cell 2021; 35:238-249. [PMID: 34791597 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, as an new form of non-apoptotic regulated cell death, plays an important role in human cancers. Although it is reported that HSP27 is an novel regulator of ferroptosis in cancer, it remains unknown how HSP27 affects ferroptosis in glioma. In this study, we examined the effect of HSP27 on the ferroptosis of glioblasotma. HSP27 overexpression protects glioblastoma cells from erastin-induced ferroptosis while HSP27 depletion promotes erastin-induced ferroptosis of glioblastoma. Notably, HSP27 phosphorylation is required for the protective function of HSP27 in erastin-induced ferroptosis. Overall, our study reveal novel molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in glioma and also identify HSP27 as a negative regulator of ferroptosis and a potential target for the treatment of glioma.
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Chen J, Liu Q, Ding Z, Wang Y, Zhou L, Zheng Y, Wang B, Li G. LncRNA NEAT1 aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by regulating the miR-98-5p/TLR4 axis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22927. [PMID: 34687491 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although long noncoding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) was reported to be associated with acute lung injury (ALI), its specific mechanism has not been well studied. Mouse and cell ALI models were constructed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di- phenytetrazoliumromide assay. Cell death was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH) detection kit and flow cytometry. The levels of cytokines in lung tissues lysates were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of apoptosis-related markers was detected by Western blot. The relationship between NEAT1, miR-98-5p, and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was determined by bioinformatics prediction, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Rescue experiments were performed to determine the role of NEAT1/miR-98-5p/TLR4 in ALI. NEAT1 was significantly upregulated during ALI both in vitro and in vivo. NEAT1 knockdown efficiently attenuated LPS-induced ALI and reduced LPS-induced elevation of cytokines both in vitro and in vivo. NEAT1 negatively regulated miR-98-5p by directly sponging it, and TLR4 was a target of miR-98-5p. MiR-98-5p inhibition or TLR4 overexpression could obviously attenuate the protective effects of NEAT1 knockdown in LPS-treated A549 cells. Our study demonstrated that NEAT1 knockdown alleviated LPS-induced ALI by targeting the miR-98-5p/TLR4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qun Liu
- Lianshui County People's Hospital, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zongli Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Liyang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Baolan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Huai'an Second People's Hospital and The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Liu J, Xu S, Liu S, Chen B. miR‑3613‑3p/MAP3K2/p38/caspase‑3 pathway regulates the heat‑stress‑induced apoptosis of endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:633. [PMID: 34278472 PMCID: PMC8280962 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have identified microRNA (miRNA/miR)-3613-3p as a heat stress (HS)-related miRNA in endothelial cells that can lead to apoptosis. However, the mechanism underlying the miR-3613-3p-mediated apoptosis of HS-exposed endothelial cells remains unclear. In the present study, western blot analysis and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were used to determine protein and miRNA expression levels, respectively. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining, caspase-3 activity measurements and DNA fragmentation assays were performed to detect apoptosis. To evaluate whether mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (MAP3K2) was a direct target of miR-3613-3p, a luciferase reporter assay was performed. In addition, transient transfection was used to carry out loss- and gain-of-function experiments. The results revealed that miR-3613-3p expression was reduced in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) following HS, which led to apoptosis. Mechanistically, following HS, a decrease in miR-3613-3p binding to the 3′-untranslated region of MAP3K2 directly upregulated its expression, and the downstream p38 and caspase-3 pathways, thereby leading to apoptosis. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that HS suppressed miR-3613-3p expression, which activated the MAP3K2/p38/caspase-3 pathway, leading to the apoptosis of HUVECs. In conclusion, the miR-3613-3p/MAP3K2/p38/caspase-3 pathway may serve an indispensable role in regulating the progression of apoptosis, indicating a regulatory role of miR-3613-3p in the pathophysiology of HS-exposed endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Hefei Boe Hospital Co., Ltd., Hefei, Anhui 230011, P.R. China
| | - Siya Xu
- Department of Emergency, Central Theater General Hospital of The People's Liberation Army of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Shixin Liu
- Department of Emergency, Central Theater General Hospital of The People's Liberation Army of China, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Bingguan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Hefei Boe Hospital Co., Ltd., Hefei, Anhui 230011, P.R. China
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Wang A, Guo B, Jia Q, Chen Y, Gao X, Xu S. S100A9-containing serum exosomes of burn injury patients promote permeability of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Gao J, Teng L, Yang S, Huang S, Li L, Zhou L, Liu G, Tang H. MNK as a potential pharmacological target for suppressing LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114499. [PMID: 33675774 PMCID: PMC7957947 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) or its more severe form, known as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is characterized by an initial exudative phase, expression of proinflammatory mediators, activation of inflammatory leukocytes, and impairment of the lung endothelium and epithelium. Despite numerous, novel therapeutic strategies have been developed regarding the pathophysiology of ALI, current treatment is mainly supportive, as specific therapies have not been established in the past few decades. The MAP kinase-interacting kinases (MNK1 and MNK2) are serine threonine kinases which are activated by mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), regulate protein synthesis by phosphroylating eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). Although studies have shown that MAPKs pathway is involved in anti-inflammatory and preventing tissue injury processes, the role of MNKs in ALI has, until now, remained relatively unexplored. Here, we investigated whether partial inhibition of MAPKs pathway by targeting MNKs was effective in the prevention and treatment of ALI. C57BL6 mice were pretreated with MNK1 and MNK2 inhibitor (CGP57380, 30 mg/kg) for 30 min and then challenged with 5 mg/kg LPS for 6 h. The results showed that pretreatment with CGP57380 not only significantly attenuated LPS-induced lung wet/dry ratio, as well as protein content, total cells and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), but also decreased the production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and keratinocyte-derived chemoattractant (KC). In addition, CGP57380 was observed to significantly suppress LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of eIF4E and MAPKs in the mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). The involvement of MNK2 in lung injury was further evident by MNK2 knockout mice. MNK2 deficiency resulted in the attenuated lung histopathological changes, as also reflected by reductions in neutrophil counts, and the less LPS-induced the production of IL-6, TNF-α and KC in mouse BALF. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time that MNK inhibition could effectively reduce the LPS-induced ALI in mice, suggesting a novel and potential application for MNK-based therapy to treat this serious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Gao
- Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li Teng
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Sijun Yang
- Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Shuguang Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Linrui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guoquan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongbin Tang
- Center for Animal Experiment, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Shen CH, Lin JY, Lu CY, Yang SS, Peng CK, Huang KL. SPAK-p38 MAPK signal pathway modulates claudin-18 and barrier function of alveolar epithelium after hyperoxic exposure. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:58. [PMID: 33588817 PMCID: PMC7885562 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperoxia downregulates the tight junction (TJ) proteins of the alveolar epithelium and leads to barrier dysfunction. Previous study has showed that STE20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) interferes with the intestinal barrier function in mice. The aim of the present study is to explore the association between SPAK and barrier function in the alveolar epithelium after hyperoxic exposure. METHODS Hyperoxic acute lung injury (HALI) was induced by exposing mice to > 99% oxygen for 64 h. The mice were randomly allotted into four groups comprising two control groups and two hyperoxic groups with and without SPAK knockout. Mouse alveolar MLE-12 cells were cultured in control and hyperoxic conditions with or without SPAK knockdown. Transepithelial electric resistance and transwell monolayer permeability were measured for each group. In-cell western assay was used to screen the possible mechanism of p-SPAK being induced by hyperoxia. RESULTS Compared with the control group, SPAK knockout mice had a lower protein level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in HALI, which was correlated with a lower extent of TJ disruption according to transmission electron microscopy. Hyperoxia down-regulated claudin-18 in the alveolar epithelium, which was alleviated in SPAK knockout mice. In MLE-12 cells, hyperoxia up-regulated phosphorylated-SPAK by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was inhibited by indomethacin. Compared with the control group, SPAK knockdown MLE-12 cells had higher transepithelial electrical resistance and lower transwell monolayer permeability after hyperoxic exposure. The expression of claudin-18 was suppressed by hyperoxia, and down-regulation of SPAK restored the expression of claudin-18. The process of SPAK suppressing the expression of claudin-18 and impairing the barrier function was mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). CONCLUSIONS Hyperoxia up-regulates the SPAK-p38 MAPK signal pathway by ROS, which disrupts the TJ of the alveolar epithelium by suppressing the expression of claudin-18. The down-regulation of SPAK attenuates this process and protects the alveolar epithelium against the barrier dysfunction induced by hyperoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hao Shen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gong Rd, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Yu Lin
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yo Lu
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Sen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kan Peng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gong Rd, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lun Huang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, No. 325, Section 2, Cheng-Gong Rd, Neihu 114, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Li J, Wang K, Huang B, Li R, Wang X, Zhang H, Tang H, Chen X. The receptor for advanced glycation end products mediates dysfunction of airway epithelial barrier in a lipopolysaccharides-induced murine acute lung injury model. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 93:107419. [PMID: 33548580 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway epithelial cells (AECs) act as the first barrier protecting against invasion of environment agents and maintain integrity of lung structure and function. Dysfunction of airway epithelial barrier has been shown to be involved in ALI/ARDS pathogenesis. Yet, the exact mechanism is still obscure. Our study evaluated whether the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mediates impaired airway epithelial barrier in LPS-induced murine ALI model. METHODS Male BALB/c mice were subjected to intratracheal instillation of LPS to generate an ALI model. Inhibitors of RAGE, FPS-ZM1 and Azeliragon were respectively given to the mice through intraperitoneal injection. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected for further analysis. RESULTS LPS exposure led to markedly increased expression of RAGE and its ligands HMGB1, HSP70, S100b. Treatment of FPS-ZM1 or Azeliragon not only effectively descended the expression of RAGE and its ligands but also attenuated LPS-induced neutrophil-predominant airway inflammation and injury, decreased levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in BALF, alleviated increased alveolar-capillary permeability and pulmonary edema. LPS stimulation significantly impaired the integrity of airway epithelium, paralleled with dislocation of adheren junction (AJ) protein E-cadherin at cell-cell contacts and down-expression of both AJ and tight junction (TJ) proteins Claudin-2 and occludin, all of which were dramatically rescued by RAGE inhibition. CONCLUSION RAGE signaling mediates airway epithelial barrier dysfunction in a LPS-induced ALI murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Haixiong Tang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Gongye Middle Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
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Antipseudomonal and Immunomodulatory Properties of Esc Peptides: Promising Features for Treatment of Chronic Infectious Diseases and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020557. [PMID: 33429882 PMCID: PMC7826692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent infections, such as those provoked by the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, can induce inflammation with lung tissue damage and progressive alteration of respiratory function. Therefore, compounds having both antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities are certainly of great advantage in fighting infectious diseases and chronic inflammation. We recently demonstrated the potent antipseudomonal efficacy of the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) Esc(1-21) and its diastereomer Esc(1-21)-1c, namely Esc peptides. Here, we confirmed this antimicrobial activity by reporting on the peptides’ ability to kill P. aeruginosa once internalized into alveolar epithelial cells. Furthermore, by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analyses, we investigated the peptides’ ability to detoxify the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by studying their effects on the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 as well as on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 from macrophages activated by P. aeruginosa LPS. In addition, by a modified scratch assay we showed that both AMPs are able to stimulate the closure of a gap produced in alveolar epithelial cells when cell migration is inhibited by concentrations of Pseudomonas LPS that mimic lung infection conditions, suggesting a peptide-induced airway wound repair. Overall, these results have highlighted the two Esc peptides as valuable candidates for the development of new multifunctional therapeutics for treatment of chronic infectious disease and inflammation, as found in CF patients.
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Baicalin Liposome Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice via Inhibiting TLR4/JNK/ERK/NF- κB Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8414062. [PMID: 33223957 PMCID: PMC7673921 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8414062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are challenging diseases with the high mortality in a clinical setting. Baicalin (BA) is the main effective constituent isolated from the Chinese medical herb Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and studies have proved that it has a protective effect on ALI induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) due to the anti-inflammatory efficacy. However, BA has low solubility which may limit its clinical application. Hence, we prepared a novel drug delivery system—Baicalin liposome (BA-LP) in previous research—which can improve some physical properties of BA. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect of BA-LP on ALI mice induced by LPS. In pharmacokinetics study, the values of t1/2 and AUC0-t in the BA-LP group were significantly higher than that of the BA group in normal mice, indicating that BA-LP could prolong the duration time in vivo of BA. The BA-LP group also showed a higher concentration in lung tissues than the BA group. Pharmacodynamics studies showed that BA-LP had a better effect than the BA group at the same dosage on reducing the W/D ratio, alleviating the lung injury score, and decreasing the proinflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β) and total proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). In addition, the therapeutic effects of BA-LP showed a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis indicated that the anti-inflammatory action of BA could be attributed to the inhibition of the TLR4-NFκBp65 and JNK-ERK signaling pathways. These results suggest that BA-LP could be a valuable therapeutic candidate in the treatment of ALI.
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The Heat Shock Protein 70 Plays a Protective Role in Sepsis by Maintenance of the Endothelial Permeability. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2194090. [PMID: 32964021 PMCID: PMC7492929 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2194090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe system inflammatory response syndrome in response to infection. The vascular endothelium cells play a key role in sepsis-induced organ dysfunction. The heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has been reported to play an anti-inflammatory role and protect from sepsis. The present study is aimed at finding the function of HSP70 against sepsis in vascular endothelium cells. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and HSP70 agonist and inhibitor were used to treat HUVEC. Cell permeability was measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay and FITC-Dextrans. Cell junction protein levels were measured by western blot. Mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to establish a sepsis model and were observed for survival. After LPS incubation, HSP70 expression was decreased in HUVEC. LPS induced the inhibition of cell viability and the increases of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Furthermore, cell permeability was increased and cell junction proteins (E-cadherin, occludin, and ZO-1) were downregulated after treatment with LPS. However, HSP70 could reverse these effects induced by LPS in HUVEC. In addition, LPS-induced elevated phosphorylation of p38 can be blocked by HSP70. On the other hand, we found that inhibition of HSP70 had similar effects as LPS and these effects could be alleviated by the inhibitor of p38. Subsequently, HSP70 was also found to increase survival of sepsis mice in vivo. In conclusion, HSP70 plays a protective role in sepsis by maintenance of the endothelial permeability via regulating p38 signaling.
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Ma H, Zhang Y, Wang J, Guo W, Hu G, Xie S, Yang Z, Liu J, Fu S. Palmatine attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory response in mouse mammary epithelial cells through inhibiting ERK1/2, P38 and Akt/NF-кB signalling pathways. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105:183-190. [PMID: 32865324 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Palmatine has a wide range of pharmacological effects and anti-inflammatory function. However, the effect of palmatine on LPS-induced inflammatory response of mammary epithelial cells has not been reported. In this research, we studied the anti-inflammatory mechanism of palmatine in EpH4-Ev (mouse mammary epithelial cells). EpH4-Ev cells were pre-treated with palmatine and then incubated with LPS. Cells were collected for examining production of pro-inflammatory mediators by qRT-PCR, and the related inflammatory signalling pathway was detected through immunofluorescence and Western blot. The results found that palmatine could significantly reduce the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and COX-2 in EpH4-Ev cells. Research on mechanisms found that palmatine could significantly inhibit the protein levels of p-Akt, p-P65, p-ERK1/2 and p-P38 in EpH4-Ev cells. In conclusion, these data suggested that palmatine inhibits inflammatory response in LPS-induced EpH4-Ev cells via down-regulating Akt/ NF-кB, ERK1/2 and P38 signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenjin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiqiu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shengnan Xie
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhanqing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Angé M, Castanares-Zapatero D, De Poortere J, Dufeys C, Courtoy GE, Bouzin C, Quarck R, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Horman S. α1AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endothelial Barrier Disruption via Junctional Reinforcement and Activation of the p38 MAPK/HSP27 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155581. [PMID: 32759774 PMCID: PMC7432762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular hyperpermeability is a determinant factor in the pathophysiology of sepsis. While, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is known to play a role in maintaining endothelial barrier function in this condition. Therefore, we investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms of this protective effect. α1AMPK expression and/or activity was modulated in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells using either α1AMPK-targeting small interfering RNA or the direct pharmacological AMPK activator 991, prior to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression and/or phosphorylation of proteins that compose cellular junctions (zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-Cad), connexin 43 (Cx43)) or that regulate actin cytoskeleton (p38 MAPK; heat shock protein 27 (HSP27)). Functional endothelial permeability was assessed by in vitro Transwell assays, and quantification of cellular junctions in the plasma membrane was assessed by immunofluorescence. Actin cytoskeleton remodeling was evaluated through actin fluorescent staining. We consequently demonstrate that α1AMPK deficiency is associated with reduced expression of CX43, ZO-1, and VE-Cad, and that the drastic loss of CX43 is likely responsible for the subsequent decreased expression and localization of ZO-1 and VE-Cad in the plasma membrane. Moreover, α1AMPK activation by 991 protects against LPS-induced endothelial barrier disruption by reinforcing cortical actin cytoskeleton. This is due to a mechanism that involves the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and HSP27, which is nonetheless independent of the small GTPase Rac1. This results in a drastic decrease of LPS-induced hyperpermeability. We conclude that α1AMPK activators that are suitable for clinical use may provide a specific therapeutic intervention that limits sepsis-induced vascular leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Angé
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Diego Castanares-Zapatero
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
- Division of Intensive Care, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julien De Poortere
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Cécile Dufeys
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Guillaume E. Courtoy
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (G.E.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (G.E.C.); (C.B.)
| | - Rozenn Quarck
- Department of Chronic Diseases & Metabolism (CHROMETA), Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases & Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
- Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (CARD), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.A.); (D.C.-Z.); (J.D.P.); (C.D.); (L.B.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-764-55-66
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Tim‑3 regulates the ability of macrophages to counter lipopolysaccharide‑induced pulmonary epithelial barrier dysfunction via the PI3K/Akt pathway in epithelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:534-542. [PMID: 32377751 PMCID: PMC7248473 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary epithelial barrier dysfunction is a critical pathological component of lung injury, caused primarily by impaired epithelial cell migration. Moreover, macrophage-epithelial interactions in pulmonary alveoli may either protect or damage epithelial barrier function. To investigate the effects of different macrophage subtypes, M1 and M2, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced epithelial barrier dysfunction, M1 and M2 macrophages were used to treat LPS-injured musculus lung epithelial cells (MLE-12). Barrier function was evaluated by monitoring cell monolayer permeability, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 (Tim-3) small interfering RNA and anti-mouse Tim-3 antibody were used to knockdown or block endogenous Tim-3, to verify the role of the Tim-3 in macrophage-mediated barrier protection in LPS-injured MLE-12 cells. LY294002 was used to inhibit the activity of PI3K to verify the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the restoration of epithelial cell. The present results revealed that co-culture of LPS-treated epithelial MLE-12 cells with M1 macrophages decreased cell migration and promoted permeability, whereas co-culture with M2 macrophages caused the opposite effects. It was determined that blocking T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 (Tim-3) signaling in macrophages and PI3K/Akt signaling in epithelial cells eliminated the barrier protection supplied by M2 macrophages. Tim-3, which maintains macrophage M2 polarization, is a key component of the macrophage-mediated barrier-repair process, while M2 macrophages regulate PI3K/Akt signaling in epithelial cells, which in turn enhances pulmonary epithelial barrier function by restoring cell migration.
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Rafikova O, James J, Eccles CA, Kurdyukov S, Niihori M, Varghese MV, Rafikov R. Early progression of pulmonary hypertension in the monocrotaline model in males is associated with increased lung permeability. Biol Sex Differ 2020; 11:11. [PMID: 32188512 PMCID: PMC7079376 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-020-00289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms involved in pulmonary hypertension (PH) development in patients and pre-clinical models are poorly understood. PH has a well-established sex dimorphism in patients with increased frequency of PH in females, and more severe disease with poor survival prognosis in males. Previously, we found that heme signaling plays an essential role in the development phase of the Sugen/Hypoxia (SU/Hx) model. This study is focused on the elucidation of sex differences in mechanisms of PH development related to heme action at the early stage of the monocrotaline (MCT) PH model. Methods Rats received MCT injection (60 mg/kg, i.p.) and followed for 14 days to investigate early disease changes. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded at the end of the study; plasma, lung homogenates, and nuclear fractions were used for the evaluation of protein levels. Results Our data indicate that on day 14, rats did not show any significant increase in the Fulton index due to the early disease phase. However, the right ventricular systolic pressure was significantly increased in male rats, while female rats showed only a trend. Interestingly, only males demonstrated an increased lung-to-bodyweight ratio that indicated lung edema. Indeed, lung histology confirmed severe perivascular edema in males. Previously, we have reported that the increased perivascular edema in SU/Hx model correlated with intravascular hemolysis and activated heme signaling. Here, we found that elevated free hemoglobin levels and perivascular edema were increased, specifically in males showing more rapid progress of PH. A high level of heme carrier protein 1 (HCP-1), which is involved in heme uptake from the bloodstream into the cells, was also found elevated in the lungs of males. The upregulation of heme oxygenase in males indicated increased intracellular heme catabolism. Increased heme signaling resulted in the activation of heme-mediated barrier-disruptive mechanisms. Thus, hemolysis in males can be responsible for increased permeability of the lungs and early disease development. Conclusions Our study indicates the importance of barrier-disruptive mechanisms as an earlier event in the induction of pulmonary hypertension. Importantly, males are more susceptible to hemolysis and develop PH earlier than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Rafikova
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Joel James
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Cody A Eccles
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Sergey Kurdyukov
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Maki Niihori
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | | | - Ruslan Rafikov
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
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Propofol post-conditioning lessens renal ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute lung injury associated with autophagy and apoptosis through MAPK signals in rats. Gene 2020; 741:144562. [PMID: 32169629 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion (rI/R)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a major problem in rI/R. The objective of the current study was to explore the defensive roles of propofol (Pro), an intravenous anesthetic, on rI/R-induced ALI through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Rats were divided into Sham, Pro (10 mg/kg), rI/R, rI/R + Pro (5 mg/kg), and rI/R + Pro (10 mg/kg) groups. Rats were treated with Pro at 1 h after rI/R treatment. Serum and lung tissues at 24 h after rI/R were collected to evaluate morphological changes and the expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO), inflammatory cytokines, and crucial proteins in the MAPK pathway. Pro attenuated the production of mediators, resulting in reduced levels of autophagy and apoptosis by restricting the MAPK pathway in rI/R-induced ALI model. Pro represses rI/R-induced pulmonary autophagy and apoptosis by decreasing the production of inflammatory molecules, and the effects of Pro are involved in the inhibition of the MAPK pathway.
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Phosphorylated Heat Shock Protein 27 Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Thp1 Cells by Promoting TLR4 Endocytosis, Ubiquitination, and Degradation. Inflammation 2020; 42:1788-1799. [PMID: 31201585 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-01041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of Hsp27 on LPS-induced inflammation and identify the precise mechanisms about how Hsp27 regulates LPS-induced TLR4 signaling in Thp1 cells. Thp1 cells were transfected with Flag-Hsp27 or pcDNA3.1, and then treated with LPS for indicated time. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were determined by ELISA. The protein levels of Hsp27, p-Hsp27 (Ser15, Ser78, and Ser82), and TLR4 were measured by Western blotting. In vitro study showed that over-expression of Hsp27 downregulated the release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and suppressed the activation of TLR4 signals after stimulated by LPS. The location of TLR4 and RAB5 was detected by confocal microscopy. Immunoprecipitation was used to determine the ubiquitination and degradation of TLR4 and interaction between Hsp27 and TLR4. Results showed that Hsp27 could promote TLR4 endocytosis and ubiquitination and degradation. Further research revealed that Hsp27 was phosphorylated after LPS, only phosphorylated Hsp27 can interact with TLR4 and inhibit the activation of TLR4 signaling, which was demonstrated by inhibition of Hsp27 phosphorylation with inhibitors or transfection of Hsp27 mutants into Thp1 cells. Phosphorylated Hsp27 reduced the release of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and suppressed the activation of TLR4 signaling by promoting TLR4 endocytosis, ubiquitination, and degradation.
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Xiang Y, Zhang S, Lu J, Zhang W, Cai M, Qiu D, Cai D. USP9X promotes LPS-induced pulmonary epithelial barrier breakdown and hyperpermeability by activating an NF-κBp65 feedback loop. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 317:C534-C543. [PMID: 31216195 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00094.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
NF-κB is a central regulator of inflammatory and immune responses and has been shown to regulate transcription of several inflammatory factors as well as promote acute lung injury. However, the regulation of NF-κB signaling in acute lung injury has yet to be investigated. Human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiC) were treated with LPS to establish an acute lung injury model in vitro in which LPS stimulation resulted in pulmonary epithelial barrier breakdown and hyperpermeability. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8, and the transepithelial permeability was examined by measurement of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the transepithelial flux. Expression of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 9 X-linked (USP9X), zonula occludens (ZO-1), occludin and NF-κBp65, and the secretion of TNF-α and IL-1β were measured by Western blotting and ELISA, respectively. For in vivo studies, mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS and/or NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Lung tissues were harvested for hematoxylin-eosin staining and Western blotting, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was harvested for ELISA. We found that treatment with LPS in HPAEpiC inhibited cell viability and induced the expression of USP9X. Interestingly, knockdown of USP9X and treatment with PDTC suppressed LPS-induced HPAEpiC injury. USP9X overexpression promoted NF-κB activation, while NF-κB inactivation inhibited USP9X transcription and HPAEpiC injury induced by USP9X overexpression. Furthermore, LPS also induced the expression of USP9X in lungs, which was inhibited by PDTC. Taken together, these results demonstrate a critical role of USP9X-NF-κBp65 loop in mediating LPS-induced acute lung injury and may serve as a potential therapeutic target in acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijin Xiang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoyan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Jiangwan Town Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Cai
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongze Qiu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingfang Cai
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Glycitin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting NF-κB and MAPKs pathway activation in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105749. [PMID: 31306981 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a pulmonary diffuse dysfunction disease caused by immoderate inflammatory response breaking the coordination of physiological structures and functions, and there are very few effective treatments to reduce high morbidity of ALI in critical patients. Glycitin is a natural ingredient derived from the seeds of leguminous plants and may have potent anti-inflammation features. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammation effect of glycitin on LPS-induced ALI in mice and elucidate its possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The results of histopathological changes, the wet/dry weight ratio as well as the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity indicated that glycitin obviously alleviated the lung injury induced by LPS. In addition, qPCR and ELISA results found that glycitin could dose-dependently decrease the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Western blotting was performed to revealed that glycitin inhibited the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways by suppressing the expression of TLR4 protein and the phosphorylation of IKKβ, IκBα, p65, p38, ERK, and JNK. All data indicated that glycitin could protect lung tissues from LPS-induced inflammation via inhibiting TLR4-mediated NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways.
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Axin-1 binds to Caveolin-1 to regulate the LPS-induced inflammatory response in AT-I cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:261-268. [PMID: 30954225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 has been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study was designed to identify Caveolin-1-interacting proteins to reveal the molecular mechanisms of ARDS. Yeast two-hybrid screening was performed using Caveolin-1 as the bait, and Axin-1 was identified as a binding partner for Caveolin-1. Co-immunoprecipitation demonstrated that the binding domains were located in the N-terminal region (1-100 aa) of Caveolin-1 and the C-terminal region (710-797 aa) of Axin-1. Caveolin-1 gene knockout or Axin-1 knockdown significantly decreased the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the supernatants of alveolar type I (AT-I) epithelial cells treated with LPS. Disrupting the interaction between Caveolin-1 and Axin-1 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology led to a significant increase in TNF-α and IL-6 from AT-I cells, along with a significant reduction in β-catenin expression. In conclusion, Axin-1 functions as an adaptor of Caveolin-1 and affects the production of inflammatory cytokines in AT-I cells challenged with LPS via β-catenin-mediated negative regulation.
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