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Lyu FF, Ying H, Zhang M, Xia LR, Liu Q, Cai L. Prevalence and influencing factors of kinesiophobia in older patients with primary osteoporosis: A cross-sectional survey. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 57:58-65. [PMID: 38537554 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the prevalence of kinesiophobia in older patients with primary osteoporosis and analyze its influencing factors. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 221 older patients with primary osteoporosis in a general hospital in Kunming, China. Data were collected through a sociodemographic-clinical questionnaire, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11), Global Pain Scale (GPS), Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form (FFMQ-SF), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). SPSS 27.0 software was utilized for univariate and binary logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The findings revealed that the prevalence of kinesiophobia in this study was 57.01 %. Age, history of fractures, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lumbar disc herniation, chronic pain, mindfulness, anxiety, and depression were identified as significant influencing factors of kinesiophobia in the binary logistic regression analyses. CONCLUSION Healthcare professionals should be attentive to occurrence of kinesiophobia. Timely measures should be implemented to improve pain, anxiety and depression, and employ mindfulness interventions to mitigate kinesiophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fei Lyu
- School of Nursing, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Hua Ying
- Outpatient Department, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Pain Department, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Li Rong Xia
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing Clinic, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Dermatology Department, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Li Cai
- Operating Room, First People's Hospital of Changshu City, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
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Kalantari M, ShahAli S, Dadgoo M, Tabatabaei A. The automatic activity of abdominal muscles during stable and unstable standing postural tasks in older adults with and without low back pain- A cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:308. [PMID: 38565979 PMCID: PMC10988816 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04934-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The postural control and abdominal muscles' automatic activity were found to be impaired in subjects with low back pain (LBP) during static activities. However, the studies are predominantly conducted on younger adults and a limited number of studies have evaluated abdominal muscles' automatic activity during dynamic standing activities in subjects with LBP. The present study investigated the automatic activity of abdominal muscles during stable and unstable standing postural tasks in older adults with and without LBP. METHODS Twenty subjects with and 20 subjects without LBP were included. The thickness of the transversus abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) muscles was measured during rest (in supine), static, and dynamic standing postural tasks. To estimate automatic muscle activity, each muscle's thickness during a standing task was normalized to its thickness during the rest. Standing postural tasks were performed using the Biodex Balance System. RESULTS The mixed-model analysis of variance revealed that task dynamicity significantly affected thickness change only in the TrA muscle (P = 0.02), but the main effect for the group and the interaction were not significantly different (P > 0.05). There were no significant main effects of the group, task dynamicity, or their interaction for the IO and EO muscles (P > 0.05). During dynamic standing, only the TrA muscle in the control group showed greater thickness changes than during the static standing task (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Standing on a dynamic level increased the automatic activity of the TrA muscle in participants without LBP compared to standing on a static level. Further research is required to investigate the effects of TrA muscle training during standing on dynamic surfaces for the treatment of older adults with LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kalantari
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam ShahAli
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dadgoo
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Tabatabaei
- Iranian Center of Excellence in Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation Research Center, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang T, Li X, Zhou X, Zhan L, Wu F, Huang Z, Sun Y, Feng Y, Du Q. Virtual Reality Therapy for the Management of Chronic Spinal Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Serious Games 2024; 12:e50089. [PMID: 38345832 PMCID: PMC10897798 DOI: 10.2196/50089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) therapy in adults with chronic spinal pain (CSP) is unclear. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of VR therapy and other therapies in adults with CSP, especially patients with inflammation-related pain. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CINAHL databases were searched up to November 11, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing adults with CSP receiving VR therapy with those receiving other therapies were included. The trial registration platform as well as the reference lists of included studies and previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses were manually searched. Two independent reviewers performed study selection, data extraction, risk-of-bias assessment, and evaluation of the quality of the evidence. The weighted mean difference (WMD) was used as the effect size used to synthesize the outcome measure. RESULTS In total, 16 RCTs involving 800 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled data from 15 (94%) RCTs including 776 (97%) participants showed that VR therapy was superior in improving pain intensity (WMD=-1.63, 95% CI -2.11 to -1.16, P<.001, I2=90%) and reducing inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (WMD=-0.89, 95% CI -1.07 to -0.70, P<.001, I2=0%), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (WMD=-6.60, 95% CI -8.56 to -4.64, P<.001, I2=98%), and interleukin-6 (WMD=-2.76, 95% CI -2.98 to -2.53, P<.001, I2=0%). However, no significant differences were found in terms of the spinal range of motion (ROM), disability level, or fear of movement. In addition, 10 (63%) of the included RCTs had a high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS VR therapy may be an effective and safe intervention for reducing symptoms in patients with CSP, as it is shown to exert significant analgesic effects and beneficial improvements in inflammatory factor levels. However, this approach may not have significant effects on the spinal ROM, disability level, or fear of movement. Notably, the quality of the evidence from the RCTs included in this study ranged from moderate to low. Therefore, we recommend that readers interpret the results of this study with caution. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022382331; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=382331.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixia Zhan
- The Second People's Hospital of Beihai, Beihai, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zefan Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxun Sun
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Feng
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Du
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Chongming Hospital, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Cha E, Park JH. Spinopelvic Alignment as a Risk Factor for Poor Balance Function in Low Back Pain Patients. Global Spine J 2023; 13:2193-2200. [PMID: 35220778 PMCID: PMC10538310 DOI: 10.1177/21925682221076417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Retrospective, observational study. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the association between spinopelvic parameters and balance function in low back pain (LBP). METHODS Among patients in the rehabilitation medicine department, the data of 182 patients (mean age, 47.8 years; M/F = 64/118) was obtained retrospectively. Spinopelvic parameters were measured through a whole-body low-dose biplanar radiography using the EOS imaging system, and balance function was evaluated by the center of pressure (COP) movement using the Zebris treadmill system. Pearson correlations were used to determine the relationship between radiographic and balance function. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were conducted with the balance function as a dependent variable and age and spinopelvic parameters as independent variables. RESULTS Increased age, knee flexion (KF), pelvic tilt (PT), C7-central sacral line (C7-CSL) and C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and decreased spino-sacral angle (SSA) were associated with both poor static and dynamic balance. Moreover, increased Cobb's angle and decreased thoracic kyphosis (TK) and lumbar lordosis (LL) was associated with poor static balance. Increased pelvic incidence (PI) was related to poor dynamic balance. Increased age, Cobb's angle, SVA, and decreased TK were risk factors for poor static balance. For dynamic balance, increased age, C7-CSL, and PT were risk factors for poor sagittal balance, whereas increased CAM-plumb line and PT were risk factors for poor coronal balance. CONCLUSIONS Balance function was associated with spinopelvic parameters in patients with LBP. Increased SVA, followed by increased PT, was the strongest independent factor associated with poor static and dynamic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsil Cha
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Rehabilitation Institute of Neuromuscular Disease, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Koh V, Matchar DB, Chan A. Physical strength and mental health mediate the association between pain and falls (recurrent and/or injurious) among community-dwelling older adults in Singapore. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 112:105015. [PMID: 37060804 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to understand if poor physical strength and depression mediate the association between pain and recurrent and/or injurious falls in a community of older adults. METHODS Data was obtained from a nationally representative longitudinal cohort study conducted in Singapore, PHASE (Wave I and II), which collected information from community-dwelling older adults above 60 years old. A hurdle negative binomial regression and binomial logistic regression were used to assess the association between pain and recurrent falls, and pain and injurious falls respectively. A subsequent mediation analysis was conducted. RESULTS Almost half of the participants (N = 1144, 39.7%) reported having either mild, moderate, or severe pain at baseline, 166 (5.4%) participants experienced injurious falls and 144 (4.7%) participants experienced recurrent falls at Wave II. After adjusting for covariates, the presence of pain significantly influenced recurrent (OR 2.8; 95% CI: 1.8, 4.4) and injurious falls (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3, 2.5). Mediation analyses demonstrated that poor physical strength and depression had a significant mediation effect between all pain characteristics on recurrent falls. Poor physical strength partially mediates the effects of pain and injurious falls as well. However, the mediating effect of poor physical strength and depression was not observed between other pain characteristics and injurious falls. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlighted differences in the underlying mechanisms between pain characteristics affecting recurrent and injurious falls. These insights will be useful for identifying patients most at risk for recurrent or injurious falls, and for tailoring future community-based fall intervention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Koh
- Programme in Health Services and Systems Research (HSSR), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for Ageing Research and Education (CARE), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
| | - David B Matchar
- Programme in Health Services and Systems Research (HSSR), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Department of Medicine (General Internal Medicine), Duke University Medical Center, 3116 N Duke St, Durham, NC 27704, USA
| | - Angelique Chan
- Programme in Health Services and Systems Research (HSSR), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for Ageing Research and Education (CARE), Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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6
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Zieliński G, Matysik-Woźniak A, Pająk B, Ginszt M, Rejdak R, Gawda P. Study protocol: Accommodative effects on the musculoskeletal system. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289347. [PMID: 37506164 PMCID: PMC10381037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Accommodation is a phenomenon of the eyeball, which consists of adapting to view objects at different distances. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of accommodations on the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. To date, the effect of accommodative paralysis on the musculoskeletal system has not been studied. The research hypothesis based on the current research reports is that accommodation affects the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. A smaller aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of unilateral accommodative palsy on the musculoskeletal system in myopic and emmetropic subjects. According to the authors of the previous reports, unilateral accommodative palsy will affect increased musculoskeletal asymmetry in myopic and emmetropic subjects. The surface electromyography (sEMG) of the musculoskeletal system will be performed by using the Noraxon Ultium DTS 8-K MR 3 myo Muscle Master Edition. Cycloftyal (10 mg/ml, eye drops, solution) will be used to paralyze accommodation. After the paralysis of unilateral accommodation, the test will be repeated. Both-sided accommodation will be paralyzed next, and the test will be repeated. The study may provide insight into the effects of accommodation on the musculoskeletal system, and it may also help in understanding the connections between these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Zieliński
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Matysik-Woźniak
- Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Pająk
- Interdisciplinary Scientific Group of Sports Medicine, Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Ginszt
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Robert Rejdak
- Department of General and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Gawda
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Hirase T, Okubo Y, Delbaere K, Menant JC, Lord SR, Sturnieks DL. Risk Factors for Falls and Fall-Related Fractures in Community-Living Older People with Pain: A Prospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6040. [PMID: 37297643 PMCID: PMC10252250 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20116040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: This prospective study aimed to identify predictors of falls and fall-related fractures in community-dwelling older people with pain; (2) Methods: Participants comprised 389 community-dwelling older people aged 70+ years who had musculoskeletal pain in the neck, back, hip, leg/knee and/or feet. Demographic, anthropometric, balance, mobility, cognitive function, psychological status and physical activity level measures were obtained at baseline. Falls were monitored with monthly falls calendars for 12 months. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of falls and fall-related fractures during a 12-month follow-up; (3) Results: Of the 389 participants, 175 (45.0%) and 20 (5.1%) reported falls and fall-related fractures during the 12-month follow-up, respectively. Greater postural sway on foam, more depressive symptoms and lower physical activity levels at baseline were associated with falls during the 12-month follow-up. Slower walking speed at baseline was associated with fall-related fractures during the 12-month follow-up. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities and medication use; (4) Conclusions: This study suggests poor balance, low mood and a less active lifestyle are predictors of falls, and slower walking speed predicts fall-related fractures among community-dwelling older people with pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Hirase
- Division of Physical Therapy Science, Graduate Course of Health and Social Work, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kanagawa 238-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Okubo
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Kim Delbaere
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Jasmine C. Menant
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Stephen R. Lord
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Daina L. Sturnieks
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
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Kim WD, Shin D. Effects of Pelvic-Tilt Imbalance on Disability, Muscle Performance, and Range of Motion in Office Workers with Non-Specific Low-Back Pain. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060893. [PMID: 36981550 PMCID: PMC10048650 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalance in the pelvic tilt is considered to be a major variable in low back pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pelvic-tilt imbalance on trunk- and hip-muscle performance, range of motion, low-back pain, and the degree of disability in office workers. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a physical therapy clinic on forty-one office workers diagnosed with non-specific low-back pain. Among the office workers with non-specific low-back pain, 25 were assigned to the pelvic-tilt-imbalance group and 16 to the normal group without pelvic-tilt imbalance. In order to determine the differences according to the imbalance in pelvic tilt, the pain intensity and disability indices were compared between the groups. In addition, the muscle performance and range of motion of the trunk and hip joints and foot pressure were measured and compared. There were differences between the groups in the disability indices and the ratio of internal and external rotation of the hip joint. However, there were no differences in the other variables. Pelvic-tilt imbalance in office workers with non-specific chronic low-back pain may exacerbate the degree of disability and be related to hip-joint rotational range of motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Deuk Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Kyungnam University, Changwon-si 51767, Republic of Korea
| | - Doochul Shin
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Kyungnam University, Changwon-si 51767, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-249-2017
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Bates NA, Huffman A, Goodyear E, Nagai T, Rigamonti L, Breuer L, Holmes BD, Schilaty ND. Physical clinical care and artificial-intelligence-guided core resistance training improve endurance and patient-reported outcomes in subjects with lower back pain. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2023; 103:105902. [PMID: 36805199 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.105902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is an extremely prevalent issue with an extensive impact, ranging from decreased quality of life to lost years of productivity. Many interventions have been developed to alleviate chronic lower back pain, yet it remains a widespread problem. The objective of this study was to examine the role of artificial intelligence guided resistance training relative to clinical variables in subjects experiencing lower back pain. METHODS 69 out of 108 enrolled and 92 accrued subjects completed the 8-week intervention. Subjects were randomized into four groups (Control, Training, Clinical, or Combined). The Training cohort received supervised artificial-intelligence-guided core-focused resistance training while the Clinical group received clinical care. The Combined group received both clinical care and artificial-intelligence-guided training and the Control group received no treatment. Participants were evaluated using functional testing and patient-reported outcomes at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. FINDINGS In the clinical tests, the Clinical and Combined cohorts showed increased total time for isometric extensor endurance and the Clinical cohort increased total distance traveled in the 6-min walk test at 8 weeks. The Training, Clinical, and Combined groups showed improvements in Patient-reported outcomes after 8 weeks. Most of the significant improvements were only seen at the 8-week evaluation for both the clinical evaluations and Patient-reported outcomes. The Control group did not show significant improvements in any outcome measures. INTERPRETATION The present data indicate that core-focused interventions, including artificial-intelligence-guided moderate-resistance exercise, can increase objective functional outcomes and patient satisfaction using Patient-reported outcomes in individuals with lower back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel A Bates
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Allison Huffman
- The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Evelyn Goodyear
- The Ohio State University School of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Takashi Nagai
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, United States of America
| | - Luca Rigamonti
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Policlinico San Pietro, Ponte San Pietro, Italy
| | - Logan Breuer
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Nathan D Schilaty
- Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Neurosurgery & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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10
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Sertdemir M, İzci EK. Investigating Women's Health Behavior and Impact of Health Exercise on Low Back Pain Caused by Breast Size. Am J Health Behav 2022; 46:768-780. [PMID: 36721291 DOI: 10.5993/ajhb.46.6.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The breast size causes back pain in women of every age. Back pain is critical for women with increasing age as they gradually lose energy to carry large breasts. Medical advancement in surgery has introduced treatment for large breast sizes. Natural remedies are difficult to take for women to reduce their breast size. This objective of this cross-sectional research was to investigate the impact of health exercise on low back pain in women caused by increased breast size with moderating influence of health literacy and access to doctors. Methods: The primary data was randomly collected from women in gyms and parks focusing on factors that can account for improving the health of women by reducing their back pain. Results: Furthermore, the study contributes a significant model in the body of knowledge related to the health behavior of women concerning their low back pain. Conclusion: Following significant findings, the study has deliberated the theoretical implication that enriched the literature and practical implications to improve the health behavior of women and reduce the chances of low back pain caused by breast size. Finally, this research highlighted some future directions based on research limitations.
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11
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Miles G, Quinlan A, Daniel C. Bison Goring Resulting in Abdominal Evisceration and Cervical Fracture: A Case Report. J Trauma Nurs 2022; 29:319-324. [PMID: 36350171 DOI: 10.1097/jtn.0000000000000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Handling livestock can be dangerous, and livestock-related injuries are increasing. CASE PRESENTATION An 83-year-old man who was gored and thrown by a bison bull during feeding is presented. The traumatic event resulted in two major injuries: an abdominal laceration with intestinal evisceration and cervical fractures after being lifted and forcefully thrown. The patient's hospital course included emergent surgery using the damage control approach resulting in an open abdomen, postoperatively, intensive care unit placement, and physiological management of the lethal diamond (acidosis, coagulopathy, hypothermia, and hypocalcemia). Finally, the patient's injuries required repeated abdominoplasties, colostomy, and surgical cervical stabilization. Despite a complicated hospitalization, the patient returned to his previous lifestyle within 2 months. CONCLUSION The geriatric population, despite multiple comorbidities, is active, and their dynamic lifestyle can result in severe injuries. Positive outcomes for this population are possible. Even if severely injured, the geriatric population has the propensity to rebound and survive with early aggressive management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayla Miles
- Texas Health Harris Methodist Hospital, Fort Worth, Texas
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12
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Chang XQ, Chen XP, Shen YX, Wang K, Huang SJ, Qi Y, Niu WX. The deer play in Wuqinxi and four-point hand−knee kneeling positions for training core muscle function and spinal mobility. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:965295. [PMID: 36237219 PMCID: PMC9551037 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.965295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The four-point kneeling exercise is a core stabilization exercise that provides the spine with dynamic stability and neuromuscular control. In the traditional Chinese exercise Wuqinxi, deer play is performed in a hand−foot kneeling (HFK) position, which is remarkably similar to the four-point hand−knee kneeling (HKK) position. However, the differences in spinal function promotion between these two positions are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate muscle activation patterns and spinal kinematics during specific core stabilization training to provide evidence for selecting specific exercises. A total of 19 healthy adults were recruited to perform HFK and HKK. The rotation angle of the C7–T4 vertebra and the surface EMG signals of abdominal and lumbar muscles on both sides were collected. The paired t-test showed that the vertebral rotation angles were significantly higher during HKK than HFK, and the intra-group differences mainly occurred at the level of the thoracic vertebra. The muscle activation of both sides of the rectus abdominis and external oblique in HFK was significantly higher than in HKK when the upper limb was lifted (p < 0.05). The activation of the ipsilateral lumbar multifidus and erector spinae muscles was significantly higher during the HKK position than during HFK when the lower limb was lifted (p < 0.05). HFK provided more training for strengthening abdominal muscles, while HKK could be recommended for strengthening lumbar muscles and increasing spine mobility. These findings can be used to help physiotherapists, fitness coaches, and others to select specific core exercises and develop individualized training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Chang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Peng Chen
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Xin Shen
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuan Wang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shang-Jun Huang
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Qi
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Qi,
| | - Wen-Xin Niu
- Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Engineering, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Psycharakis SG, Coleman SGS, Linton L, Valentin S. The WATER study: Which AquaTic ExeRcises increase muscle activity and limit pain for people with low back pain? Physiotherapy 2022; 116:108-118. [PMID: 35709587 DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aquatic exercise therapy is used for the treatment and management of chronic low back pain (CLBP). However, to the authors' knowledge, no studies to date have compared muscle activity between different aquatic exercises performed by people with CLBP. As such, this study assessed and compared muscle activity, pain, perceived exertion and exercise intensity between different rehabilitative aquatic exercises. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING A 25-m indoor swimming pool within a university building. PARTICIPANTS Twenty participants with non-specific CLBP. ASSESSMENT Twenty-six aquatic exercises in shallow water (1.25-m depth). Muscle activity was quantified bilaterally for the erector spinae, multifidus, gluteus maximus and medius, rectus abdominis, and external and internal obliques. MAIN OUTCOMES Mean and peak muscle activity, pain (visual analogue scale), perceived exertion (Borg scale) and exercise intensity (heart rate). RESULTS Hip abduction/adduction and extension/flexion exercises produced higher activity for gluteal muscles. Variations of squat exercises increased the activity of back extensors. Higher abdominal muscle activity was produced with exercises that made use of buoyancy equipment and included leg and trunk movements while floating on the back, and with some proprioceptive and dynamic lower limb exercises. Pain occurrence and intensity were very low, with 17 exercises being pain free. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence on trunk and gluteal muscle activity, pain, intensity and perceived exertion for people with CLBP performing aquatic exercises. The findings may be useful when prescribing exercises for rehabilitation, as physiotherapists seek to implement progression in effort and muscle activity, variation in exercise type, and may wish to target or avoid particular muscles. CONTRIBUTION OF THE PAPER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelios G Psycharakis
- Institute of Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Simon G S Coleman
- Institute of Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Linda Linton
- Fitness Assessment and Sports Injuries Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stephanie Valentin
- Institute of Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Institute for Clinical Exercise and Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, UK
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14
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Lu Z, Ye P, Er Y, Zhan Y, Deng X, Duan L. Body pain and functional disability predict falls in Chinese older adults: a population-based cohort study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:2515-2523. [PMID: 36008646 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02192-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are major health care concerns for older adults. Pain is associated with increased falls in older adults. However, the impact of pain on functional disability and how this might predispose Chinese older adults to fall is unclear. AIM The aim of the current study was to examine whether functional disability mediates the association of any pain, back and/or shoulder pain (B-S pain) and leg and/or knees pain (L-K pain) with falls and serious falls. METHODS The study included 7619 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Baseline data were from Wave 3 and fall outcomes were from Wave 4. Functional disability was measured by the ADLs and IADLs scales. We used a logistic regression model to investigate associations between pain and fall outcomes and KHB method to estimate the mediating effects of ADL/IADL disability on pain-fall relationship. RESULTS After fully adjusting for covariates, the three pain measures (any pain, back and/or shoulder pain, leg and/or knees pain) were significantly associated with fall outcomes. When body pain was compared with no body pain, the proportion mediated by the ADL disability was 28.43% for falls, while the proportion mediated by IADL disability was 17.96% for falls. For associations between specific parts of body pain and falls, the proportions mediated by the ADL disability were 34.18% and 35.89% in back and/or shoulder pain and leg and/or knees pain, respectively, but the proportions reduced to 21.98% and 20.82% when mediated by the IADL disability. However, there were no significant contributions of ADL/IADL disability for the association between specific part of body pain and serious falls. CONCLUSIONS Pain in general and pain in specific body sites were significantly associated with an increased risk of fall among older adults living in community in China. Functional disability partially mediated the relationship of pain with falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Lu
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Pengpeng Ye
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuliang Er
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yongle Zhan
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xiao Deng
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Leilei Duan
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
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15
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de Mello EC, Diniz LH, Lage JB, Ribeiro MF, Bevilacqua Junior DE, Rosa RC, Cardoso FAG, Ferreira AA, Ferraz MLF, Teixeira VDPA, Espindula AP. Analysis of Trunk Neuromuscular Activation During Equine-Assisted Therapy in Older Adults. Percept Mot Skills 2022; 129:1458-1476. [PMID: 35790385 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221112249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The three-dimensional movement of the horse in physical therapy is a valuable kinesio-therapeutic phenomenon that simultaneously affects several body systems, including particularly the neuromuscular system. However, the effects of equine-assisted services (EAS) on neuromuscular activation patterns in older adults have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we evaluated the impact of a 10-weeks EAS program on trunk muscles in older adults who used a saddle and placed their feet in stirrups for the first 15 minutes and out of stirrups for the remaining 15 minutes of 30-minute EAS sessions. We gathered electromyographic (EMG) data of the trunk muscles five times each on the first, fifth, and 10th sessions: pre-EAS and post-EAS on a stationary horse and at 1-minute, 15-minutes, and 30-minutes on a horse in motion. Participants were 20 adults, aged 60-79 years. We analyzed normalized EMG data with 5 (session time) by 3 (session number) analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with repeated measures and with Bonferroni's testing (p ≤ .05). There was a significant difference over the number of interventions for the right thoracic paravertebral muscle (p = .025) and session time effect for the left trapezius (p = .042), right thoracic paravertebral (p < .001), right and left multifidus (p < .001), and right and left rectus abdominis muscles (p < .001). Thus, trunk muscles in older adults showed complex neuromuscular activation synchronized with the horse's movement, which was influenced by session time and number of interventions. The practical implication of these findings is that EAS can reduce fall risk among elderly adults of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edneia C de Mello
- Department of Oral Biology, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry of University of São Paulo, Brazil
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luanna H Diniz
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janaine B Lage
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariane F Ribeiro
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Clinical Department, Association of Parents and Friends of the Exceptional, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Domingos E Bevilacqua Junior
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C Rosa
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Antônio G Cardoso
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alex A Ferreira
- Department of Physiotherapy, School Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mara Lúcia F Ferraz
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vicente de Paula A Teixeira
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Espindula
- 74348Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, School Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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16
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Baek S, Park HW, Kim G. Associations Between Trunk Muscle/Fat Composition, Narrowing Lumbar Disc Space, and Low Back Pain in Middle-Aged Farmers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Ann Rehabil Med 2022; 46:122-132. [PMID: 35793901 PMCID: PMC9263327 DOI: 10.5535/arm.21201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the association of trunk fat and muscle composition, lumbar disc space narrowing, and low back pain in middle-aged farmers. Methods Fat and muscle areas were identified using standard Hounsfield unit ranges for adipose tissue and skeletal muscle with computed tomography images at the mid-L4 vertebral level. Trunk fat mass, muscle mass, and fat/muscle mass ratio were calculated. Low back pain was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The L4/5-disc space and low back pain were also assessed. Results Male had a higher total trunk, back, psoas, and abdominal muscle mass, and visceral fat; female had a higher subcutaneous fat mass and fat/muscle ratio. Pearson correlation coefficients with ODI for waist circumference, total fat mass, visceral fat mass, and fat/muscle ratio were all significant in female; only the fat/muscle ratio was significant in male. Pearson correlation coefficients with L4/5-disc space narrowing grades for visceral fat mass, total, back, and psoas muscle mass, and fat/muscle ratio, were all significant in female; total and back muscle mass, and fat/muscle ratio in male. Conclusion There were significant relationships between: fat indicators with low back pain; trunk muscle mass with lumbar disc degeneration; and fat/muscle ratio with both lumbar disc degeneration and low back pain. The fat/muscle ratio may be a useful index for low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora Baek
- Center for Farmers' Safety and Health, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hee-Won Park
- Center for Farmers' Safety and Health, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Gowun Kim
- Center for Farmers' Safety and Health, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
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17
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Jain S, Shetty G, Munje P, Bhan A, Linjhara S, Ram CS. Variações baseadas em gênero no movimento e na força isométrica do tronco em jovens adultos com dor lombar: Um estudo de caso-controle prospectivo. Rev Bras Ortop 2022; 57:392-401. [PMID: 35785131 PMCID: PMC9246515 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
To determine gender-based variations in trunk range of motion (RoM) and isometric strength (IS) in symptomatic and asymptomatic young adults.
Methods
In this prospective case-control study, 73 subjects with low back pain (LBP) and 80 asymptomatic subjects were analyzed. Dynamometer-based device trunk RoM and IS measurements in extension, flexion, and rotation were compared in both groups and gender-based subgroups. Multivariate analysis was used to determine factors influencing trunk RoM and IS.
Results
Symptomatic males had significantly less extension RoM and extension, flexion, and rotation isometric trunk strength (ITS) (
p
< 0.0001) compared with asymptomatic males, whereas no significant difference was found between asymptomatic and symptomatic females. However, the mean extension-flexion RoM and mean extension-flexion ITS ratios were significantly lower (
p
= 0.04) in asymptomatic females compared with symptomatic females. Female gender was significantly associated with less extension and flexion ITS in both asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects.
Conclusion
Males with LBP had significant global ITS weakness when compared with asymptomatic males. Despite no significant ITS difference in symptomatic versus asymptomatic females, LBP caused significant extension-flexion RoM and ITS imbalance in females. These gender-based variations in trunk RoM and IS, especially the extensor-flexor IS imbalance in females, must be considered while designing rehabilitation treatment protocols for LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Jain
- Departmento de Fisioterapia, QI Spine Clinic, Deli, Índia
| | - Gautam Shetty
- Departmento de Cirurgia Ortopédica, Knee & Orthopaedic Clinic, Mumbai; Diretor de Pesquisa, QI Spine Clinic, Mumbai, Índia
| | - Pratiksha Munje
- Departmento de Fisioterapia da Coluna, QI Spine Clinic, Deli, Índia
| | - Anita Bhan
- Departmento de Fisioterapia da Coluna, QI Spine Clinic, Deli, Índia
| | - Sanya Linjhara
- Departmento de Fisioterapia, QI Spine Clinic, Deli, Índia
| | - CS Ram
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, I.T.S Faculdade de Fisioterapia, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, Índia
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18
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Non randomised trial of GRAVITY system therapy effectiveness in chronic, low intensity low back disc disease. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/bhk-2022-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study aim: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a therapeutically challenging pain syndrome. Physical exercises are the most common therapy used in CLBP treatment. The aim of the study was to verify if GRAVITY system exercise can be effective in the therapy of chronic discogenic low back pain. The GRAVITY system exercise aims at strengthening full body muscles using the trainee’s own body weight only.
Material and methods: The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04765293. We used TREND statement. The study populations were 50 patients with CLBP. The study population (group I) consisted of 25 patients who had GRAVITY system exercise. The clinical control group were 25 patients who received standard treatment in an outpatient clinic of National Health Fund. Before the start of the training, the patients’ had their muscle strength responsible for stabilizing the lumbar segment measured. We also measured patients’ Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) prior to and after the therapy cycle. The therapy was conducted twice a week for 40 minutes over the period of 4 weeks. The clinical control group were 25 patients who received treatment from the National Health Fund and had only standardised physical therapy (laser, ultrasound, cryotherapy and magnetic therapy) sessions for two weeks.
Results. We found statistically significant reduction in pain and disability in the study population after the treatment, but muscle strength did not increase significantly.
Conclusions: 1. GRAVITY system exercise might efficient in pain and disability reduction. Muscle strength did not increase after therapy. 2. Pain and disability had positive correlation with female sex, decreased physical activity and sedentary work.
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19
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Ge L, Huang H, Yu Q, Li Y, Li X, Li Z, Chen X, Li L, Wang C. Effects of core stability training on older women with low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2022; 19:10. [PMID: 35428169 PMCID: PMC9011968 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-022-00289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have demonstrated that elderly people with low back pain (LBP) may have poor postural control compared to healthy older adults. Poor postural control is associated with poor balance performance and a high risk of serious falls. A variety of training strategies are proposed for LBP therapy, particularly core stabilization training. But this treatment for older people with LBP remains unclear. Methods 31 participants were randomly placed in a core stability training group (TG, n = 15) and a control group (CG, n = 16). The participants in the training group were required to complete 4 sets of core stability training and conventional physiotherapy 4 times per week for 4 weeks, whereas the participants in the control group only completed physiotherapy 4 times per week for 4 weeks. Ultrasound imaging was used to measure transverse abdominal muscle (TrA) thickness before and after the intervention. A 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and mobility functions were applied before and after the intervention. Data are reported as the median and range and were compared using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA,t-tests and chi-squared tests. P < 0.05 was considered significant in all statistical tests. Results After intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in scores in the intervention group, especially for VAS, ODI, timed up-and-go,10-m walking and the four-square step test. TrA thickness was increased after core stability training, which was not observed in the control group. Conclusion Core stability training is an effective intervention for older women with LBP. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11556-022-00289-x.
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20
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Relationship between the locomotive syndrome and kinetic and kinematic parameters during static standing and level walking. Gait Posture 2022; 93:146-152. [PMID: 35151196 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals experiencing age-related decline in locomotor functions are at high-risk of developing locomotive syndrome (LS). LS requires long-term care and greatly influences the quality of life and activities of daily living. The LS risk test was established as a diagnostic criterion by the Japanese Orthopedic Association. Although the relationship between the test and motor function has been established, few studies have reported on the characteristics of LS kinematically and kinetically. RESEARCH QUESTION Do elderly with LS show different kinetic and kinematic characteristics compared with healthy elderly during static standing and level walking? METHODS Forty-four Participants were divided into an LS group and a non-LS group based on the scores of the LS risk test. The standing posture and walking of the participants were measured using a three-dimensional motion capture system. The results of the groups were compared using an unpaired t-test, and then the characteristics of the LS group were extracted using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS LS group exhibited trunk flexion during both standing and gait. A higher intervertebral disc compressive force, which is the index of the low-back mechanical stress, during standing and an increase in ankle plantarflexion angle during walking were observed in LS group. SIGNIFICANCE This study determined the kinematic and kinetic features of elderly with LS. The findings suggest that parameters related to the trunk and ankle could be associated with LS. Further studying the characteristics of LS in older adults via motion analysis can help develop prevention and intervention methods for LS.
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21
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Lin CH, Lin CH, Chen LC, Wei SH, Sung WH, Lu LH, Chang ST, Lin YH, Lee CY, Chiang SL. Chronic low back pain is associated with impaired bed turning ability: Evaluation by a mobility detection system. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2022; 92:105572. [PMID: 35051838 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to assess and compare kinetics and kinematic variables of bed turning ability using a mobility detection system in patients with and without chronic low back pain and to observe the impacts of the disease on bed turning kinetics and kinematics. METHODS Thirty-five patients with chronic low back pain were enrolled and compared to healthy controls (n = 34). Pain scores and disability level were assessed by Numeric Pain Rating Scale and the function questionnaires including Oswestry Disability Index and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire. Bed turning ability was tested using the Mobile Detection System. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis were applied to compare the differences between groups. FINDINGS Patients with chronic low back pain had significantly lower turning over and back force/weight ratio (p < 0.001) than those healthy controls. Turning over time was significantly longer in patients with Numeric Rating Scale score 3 than in those with Numeric Rating Scale score 2 (p = 0.015). Turning over and back force were significantly higher in male patients and patients with higher BMI after adjusting BMI and sex, respectively (all p < 0.001). When turning back, chronic low back pain patients with Numeric Rating Scale scores of 3 had lower turning back force/weight ratio than those with Numeric Rating Scale scores of 2 (p = 0.014). Male patients had higher turning back force/weight ratio after adjusting pain score (p = 0.001). INTERPRETATION The novel Mobility Detection System can provide more objective assessments of bed turning kinetics and kinematics in patients with chronic low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Huei Lin
- School of Nursing, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chueh-Ho Lin
- Master Program in Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Cheng Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hwa Wei
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsu Sung
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Tsu Chang
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Gangshan Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Lin Chiang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Felício DC, Elias Filho J, Pereira DS, Queiroz BZD, Leopoldino AAO, Rocha VTM, Pereira LSM. The effect of kinesiophobia in older people with acute low back pain: longitudinal data from Back Complaints in the Elders (BACE). CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2021; 37:e00232920. [PMID: 34932682 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00232920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the course of low back pain (LBP) intensity over a period of 12 months in older people with and without kinesiophobia.This was an international multicenter study. LBP intensity was examined by using the Numerical Pain Scale at baseline and over five follow-up periods. The Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire was used to measure patients' beliefs and fears. The study included 532 older adults (non kinesiophobic = 227; kinesiophobic = 305). The individuals had moderate pain at baseline, with a significant difference observed between the groups. Participants showed a rapid improvement in the first 6 weeks, followed by minor improvements in the succeeding months. However, a significant difference between groups remained during the follow-up period. Independently, kinesiophobia is a significant prognostic factor. These findings suggest the importance of screening for psychosocial factors in the management of older patients with LBP. Practice implications: patients need to be warned that pain can be perpetuated by inappropriate avoidance behaviors that may later lead to disability.
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23
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Saleem Z, Khan AA, Farooqui SI, Yasmeen R, Rizvi J. Effect of Exercise on Inter-Recti Distance and Associated Low Back Pain Among Post-Partum Females: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Family Reprod Health 2021; 15:202-209. [PMID: 34721612 PMCID: PMC8536823 DOI: 10.18502/jfrh.v15i3.7139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to emphasize facilitation training and strengthening of abdominal and core muscles in improving the inter-recti distance (IRD) and associated low back pain (LBP) among young postpartum females. Materials and methods: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial, among forty young postpartum females, was conducted at a community health center. The females were divided into two equal groups through the envelope method where Group A received abdominal crunch training protocol whereas group B received double straight leg raise (DSLR) exercise protocol for 6 weeks and pre and post IRD and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores were recorded. Results: Group A showed improvement in IRD with a mean difference of 1.95±0.4 whereas in group B it was found to be 2.85±0.35 when assessed through finger palpation method. The mean difference of IRD, when measured through digital nylon caliper method in abdominal crunch and DSLR exercise group was 4.06±0.74 and 1.2±0.49 respectively. Moreover, ODI scores of group A were 2.70±1.05 whereas, group B scores were found to be 1.1±0.06 showing that LBP reduced in participants who performed abdominal crunch exercise. Conclusion: This study reveals that 6 weeks of exercise protocol was observed to be effective in the management of DRA. Thus, abdominal crunch exercise seemed to produce promising results in a reduction of IRD and associated LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulekha Saleem
- Ziauddin College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Amna Aamir Khan
- Ziauddin College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Rehana Yasmeen
- Ziauddin College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Jaza Rizvi
- Ziauddin College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Wang L, Song P, Cheng C, Han P, Fu L, Chen X, Yu H, Yu X, Hou L, Zhang Y, Guo Q. The Added Value of Combined Timed Up and Go Test, Walking Speed, and Grip Strength on Predicting Recurrent Falls in Chinese Community-dwelling Elderly. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:1801-1812. [PMID: 34675495 PMCID: PMC8502011 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s325930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine whether combined performance-based models could exert better predictive values toward discriminating community-dwelling elderly with high risk of any-falls or recurrent-falls. Participants and Methods This prospective cohort study included a total of 875 elderly participants (mean age: 67.10±5.94 years) with 513 females and 362 males, recruited from Hangu suburb area of Tianjin, China. All participants completed comprehensive assessments. Methods We documented information about sociodemographic information, behavioral characteristics and medical conditions. Three functional tests—timed up and go test (TUGT), walking speed (WS), and grip strength (GS) were used to create combined models. New onsets of any-falls and recurrent-falls were ascertained at one-year follow-up appointment. Results In total 200 individuals experienced falls over a one-year period, in which 66 individuals belonged to the recurrent-falls group (33%). According to the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), the cutoff points of TUGT, WS, and GS toward recurrent-falls were 10.31 s, 0.9467 m/s and 0.3742 kg/kg respectively. We evaluated good performance as “+” while poor performance as “–”. After multivariate adjustment, we found “TUGT >10.31 s” showed a strong correlation with both any-falls (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=2.025; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.425–2.877) and recurrent-falls (adjusted OR=2.150; 95%CI=1.169–3.954). Among combined functional models, “TUGT >10.31 s, GS <0.3742 kg/kg, WS >0.9467 m/s” showed strongest correlation with both any-falls (adjusted OR=5.499; 95%CI=2.982–10.140) and recurrent-falls (adjusted OR=8.260; 95%CI=3.880–17.585). And this combined functional model significantly increased discriminating abilities on screening recurrent-fallers than a single test (C-statistics=0.815, 95%CI=0.782–0.884, P<0.001), while not better than a single test in predicting any-fallers (P=0.083). Conclusion Elderly people with poor TUGT performance, weaker GS but quicker WS need to be given high priority toward fall prevention strategies for higher risks and frequencies. Meanwhile, the combined “TUGT–, GS–, WS+” model presents increased discriminating ability and could be used as a conventional tool to discriminate recurrent-fallers in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyu Song
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Rehabilitation, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Han
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairui Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.,College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Wong CK, Mak RY, Kwok TS, Tsang JS, Leung MY, Funabashi M, Macedo LG, Dennett L, Wong AY. Prevalence, Incidence, and Factors Associated With Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Aged 60 Years and Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2021; 23:509-534. [PMID: 34450274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is common among older adults. This systematic review aimed to summarize: (1) the prevalence and incidence of CLBP in older adults, and (2) demographic, psychological, and clinical factors positively/negatively associated with prevalence/incidence of CLBP among older adults. Four databases were searched to identify relevant publications. Ten studies (31,080 older adults) were included after being screened by 5 independent reviewers using predetermined criteria. The methodological quality of these studies was evaluated by standardized tools. The quality of evidence for all factors were appraised by modified GRADE for cohort studies. Twenty-eight and 1 factors were associated with a higher prevalence and a lower 5-year cumulative incidence of CLBP, respectively. No prognostic factor was identified. There was very limited to limited evidence that females, obesity, anxiety, depression, mental disorders, self-expectation of recovery, self-perceived health status, lifestyle (smoking, daily fluoride consumption), previous falls or lower body injury, retirement/disability due to ill health, family history of body pain, comorbidity (knee osteoarthritis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with/without hypertension), weak abdominal muscles, leg pain, leg pain intensity, widespread pain, pain interference on functioning, use of pain medication, occupational exposure (driving for >20 years, or jobs involving bending/twisting for >10 years), disc space narrowing and severe facet osteoarthritis were significantly related to a higher prevalence of CLBP in older adults. However, very limited evidence suggested that intermediate level of leisure-time physical activity was associated with a lower prevalence of CLBP in older adults. Given the aging population and limited information regarding risk factors for CLBP in older adults, future high-quality prospective studies should identify relevant risk factors to help develop proper preventive and treatment strategies. PERSPECTIVE: Despite the high prevalence of non-specific chronic low back pain among older adults, there is only very limited to limited evidence regarding factors associated with a higher prevalence of chronic low back pain in this population. Given the aging population, high-quality prospective studies are warranted to address this gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Kw Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rebecca Yw Mak
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Terence Sy Kwok
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joshua Sh Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Marco Yc Leung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Martha Funabashi
- Division of Research and Innovation, Canadian Memorial of Chiropractic College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chiropractic, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luciana G Macedo
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liz Dennett
- Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Arnold Yl Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Exercise interventions can improve muscle strength, endurance, and electrical activity of lumbar extensors in individuals with non-specific low back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16842. [PMID: 34413400 PMCID: PMC8376921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise interventions have been recommended for people with non-specific low back pain. The literature is scarce regarding the effects of exercise on muscle strength, endurance, and electrical activity of lumbar extensor muscles. Electronic searches were carried out from May 2020 until August 2020 in the following databases: PUBMED, CENTRAL, EMBASE, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, Scielo, and LILACS. Only randomized controlled trials with passive and active control groups were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was performed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale. Eight studies, involving 508 participants, were included in metanalytical procedures. Exercise interventions demonstrated superior effects on muscle activity (Electromyography) when compared with active controls (p < 0.0001). Exercise interventions demonstrated superior effects on muscle endurance (Sorensen Test) when compared with passive (p = 0.0340) and active controls (p = 0.0276). Exercise interventions demonstrated superior effects on muscle strength (Machine) when compared with passive controls (p = 0.0092). Exercise interventions can improve muscle strength, endurance, and electrical activity in people with non-specific low back pain.
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Normative Reference Values for Trunk Range of Motion and Isometric Muscle Strength in Asymptomatic Young Indian Adults. Indian J Orthop 2021; 56:49-57. [PMID: 35070142 PMCID: PMC8748567 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-021-00466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine normative reference values for trunk range of motion (ROM) and isometric strength (TIS) in asymptomatic young, Indian adults. METHODS Age, gender, body mass index, lifestyle, and dynamometer-based device measurements of trunk ROM and TIS in extension (EXT), flexion (FLX), and rotation (ROT) were recorded and analysed in 80 asymptomatic subjects between 20 and 40 years of age. Correlation analysis was performed to determine factors influencing EXT and FLX ROM and TIS. RESULTS The normative reference values for mean trunk EXT, FLX, right ROT, and left ROT ROM were 23° (95th percentile 31.9°), 40.2°(95th percentile 51.5°), 36.8°(95th percentile 57.7°), and 35.4° (95th percentile 55.7°), respectively; and for mean EXT, FLX, right ROT, and left ROT TIS were 118.1 Nm (95th percentile 278.8 Nm), 63.8 Nm (95th percentile 159.4 Nm), 39.9 Nm (95th percentile 113.6 Nm), and 42.8 Nm (95th percentile 108.9 Nm), respectively. The mean EXT (p = 0.0002), right (p = 0.02), and left ROT ROM (p = 0.01), and the mean EXT, FLX, and ROT TIS (p < 0.0001) were significantly greater in males compared to females. The FLX, EXT, and ROT TIS showed significant strong correlation with EXT and FLX TIS. Mean TIS values in Indian subjects were lower when compared to subjects from other countries. CONCLUSION This study established normative reference values for trunk ROM and TIS in asymptomatic young Indian adults. These reference values can be helpful to diagnose trunk ROM and TIS deficits, identify subjects at risk for LBP and disability, and individualise rehabilitation treatment in them.
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Vanhauter N, Van Erck A, Anciaux M, Pollefliet A, Joos E. Isometric and isokinetic muscle strength measurements of the lumbar flexors and extensors with BioniX Sim3 Pro in patients with chronic low back pain: A pilot study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021; 34:381-388. [PMID: 33492281 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization states that low back pain is the leading cause for disability worldwide. Patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) show important decreases in lumbar strength and can now be assessed by using the new isokinetic dynamometer BioniX Sim3 Pro which offers very detailed measurements. OBJECTIVE To compare lumbar flexion and extension strength values, as well as extension-flexion ratio (EFR) based on isokinetic velocity and gender, for patients with CLBP on the BioniX Sim3 Pro. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 20 men and 22 women with CLBP. Maximum torque in flexion and extension was measured isometrically and isokinetically. Statistical analysis was performed on these parameters. RESULTS EFR shows a downward trend with increasing speed of measurement (isometric to isokinetic 30∘/s and isokinetic 30∘/s to isokinetic 90∘/s, respectively): in men from 1.21 to 1.04 (p< 0.001) and from 1.04 to 0.93 (p= 0.207). In women, EFR decreased from 1.41 to 1.13 (p< 0.001) and from 1.13 to 1.00 (p= 0.144). CONCLUSIONS Patients with CLBP have a decreased strength in lumbar extension and flexion compared to the age-corrected normal values of Bionix Sim3 Pro. With increasing speed of testing protocol, a decrease in EFR is observed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vanhauter
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Van Erck
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, AZ Jan Palfijn, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Anciaux
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, AZ Jan Palfijn, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Pollefliet
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, AZ Jan Palfijn, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Joos
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Hirase T, Okubo Y, Sturnieks DL, Lord SR. Pain Is Associated With Poor Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 21:597-603.e8. [PMID: 32334772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pain is a risk factor for falls in older adults, but the mechanisms are not well understood, limiting our ability to implement effective preventive strategies. The aim of this study was to systematically review and synthesize the literature that has examined the impact of pain on static, dynamic, multicomponent, and reactive balance in community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Studies from inception to March 2019 were identified from electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL), contact with the primary authors, and reference lists of included articles. METHODS Cross-sectional and case-control studies that compared objective balance measures between older (minimum age 60 years) adults with and without pain were included. RESULTS Thirty-nine eligible studies (n = 17,626) were identified. All balance modalities (static, dynamic, multicomponent, and reactive) were significantly poorer in participants with pain compared to those without pain. Subgroup analyses revealed that chronic pain (pain persisting ≥3 months) impaired balance more than pain of unspecified duration. The effects of pain at specific sites (neck, lower back, hip, knee, and foot) on balance were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Pain is associated with poor static, dynamic, multicomponent, and reactive balance in community-dwelling older adults. Pain in the neck, lower back, hip, knee, and foot all contribute to poor balance, and this is even more pronounced for chronic pain. Comprehensive balance and pain characteristic assessments may reveal mechanisms underlying the contribution of pain to instability and increased fall risk in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Hirase
- Department of Physical Therapy Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan; Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Yoshiro Okubo
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daina L Sturnieks
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen R Lord
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Effects of low back pain on balance performance in elderly people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2021; 18:8. [PMID: 34090345 PMCID: PMC8180028 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-021-00263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research suggests that individuals with low back pain (LBP) may have poorer motor control compared to their healthy counterparts. However, the sample population of almost 90% of related articles are young and middle-aged people. There is still a lack of a systematic review about the balance performance of elderly people with low back pain. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand the effects of LBP on balance performance in elderly people. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis included a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for full-text articles published before January 2020. We included the articles that 1) investigated the elderly people with LBP; 2) assessed balance performance with any quantifiable clinical assessment or measurement tool and during static or dynamic activity; 3) were original research. Two independent reviewers screened the relevant articles, and disagreements were resolved by a third reviewer. Results Thirteen case-control studies comparing balance performance parameters between LBP and healthy subjects were included. The experimental group (LBP group) was associated with significantly larger area of centre of pressure movement (P < 0.001), higher velocity of centre of pressure sway in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively), longer path length in the anteroposterior direction (P < 0.001), slower walking speed (P = 0.05), and longer timed up and go test time (P = 0.004) than the control group. Conclusion The results showed that balance performance was impaired in elderly people with LBP. We should pay more attention to the balance control of elderly people with LBP.
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Ito T, Sakai Y, Sugiura H, Kawai K, Morita Y, Yamazaki K. Association between Trunk Muscle Strength and Fall Risk in Older Men and Women with Lumbar Spondylosis. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050521. [PMID: 33946785 PMCID: PMC8146285 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Various factors significantly affect the risk of falls among older adults with lumbar spondylosis. However, the relationship between falls and trunk muscle strength in older men is poorly explored. Thus, we aimed to investigate the relationship between back muscle strength and fall risk in older men and women with lumbar spondylosis. Based on self-reported fall scores, 39 outpatients were classified into two groups. Back and abdominal muscle strength, among other data, were compared between the two groups. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between fall scores and selected variables. Back (r = -0.491, p = 0.002) and abdominal muscle strength (r = -0.415, p = 0.009) were related to the fall score. Furthermore, back and abdominal muscle strength were related to the fall score in women with a high risk of falls, whereas back muscle strength, erector spinae, and lumbar multifidus cross-sectional areas, and visual analog scale were related to the fall score in men with a high risk of falling. Back muscle strength and fall scores may be useful to assess the risk of falls in older patients with lumbar spondylosis. However, evaluating this relationship may require separate sex-specific analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ito
- Three-Dimensional Motion Analysis Room, Aichi Prefectural Mikawa Aoitori Medical and Rehabilitation Center for Developmental Disabilities, Okazaki 444-0002, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-564-64-7980
| | - Yoshihito Sakai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8501, Japan;
| | - Hideshi Sugiura
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan;
| | - Keitaro Kawai
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yoshifumi Morita
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; (K.K.); (Y.M.)
| | - Kazunori Yamazaki
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Clinical Engineering, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan;
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Bhimani R, Punjani B, Peden-McAlpine C. Understanding Clinical Characteristics of Muscle Weakness. J Neurosci Nurs 2021; 53:69-74. [PMID: 33538459 DOI: 10.1097/jnn.0000000000000574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Muscle weakness is a debilitating condition that can lead to frailty, falls, and functional decline. Muscle weakness is found across many diseases; therefore, understanding what constitutes this condition is paramount. The National Library of Medicine provides 2 definitions of muscle weakness, both from a disease perspective. These definitions are narrow and do not account for overlapping causes of muscle weakness. Nurses are holistic practitioners, so they need to understand the clinical characteristics of muscle weakness, regardless of underlying disease processes. METHODS: Secondary analysis of data from an earlier qualitative study. Using content analysis of transcripts of semistructured interviews with a multidisciplinary group of 12 experts in the management of muscle disorders, we identified characteristics of muscle weakness from the clinicians' perspectives. RESULTS: Muscle weakness has characteristics of debility, loss of function, and asymmetry. The characteristics of debility include lack of strength, atrophy, and fatigue. Muscle weakness does coexist with muscle tightness. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of muscle weakness identified in our study are markedly different from those included in National Library of Medicine definitions. As a condition, muscle weakness has both subjective and objective traits. Therefore, clinician assessment and patient input combined capture the comprehensive nature of muscle weakness. Nurses' awareness of what constitutes muscle weakness, regardless of diagnosis, is the first step in optimal management of this condition.
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Intrasession and Intersession Reliability of Isometric Trunk and Hip Strength Measurements Using the Portable Tension Dynamometer. J Sport Rehabil 2021; 30:1111-1114. [PMID: 33785657 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2020-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The trunk/pelvis is an important link between the upper- and lower-extremities. Therefore, assessing strength of the trunk and hip muscles that control the segments is clinically meaningful. While an isokinetic dynamometer can be used to measure trunk strength, the equipment is expensive and not portable. OBJECTIVE To test the reliability of simple trunk and hip strength measures that utilize a bar, straps, and a portable tension dynamometer. DESIGN Test-retest reliability study. SETTING Biomechanics research laboratory. Patients (or Other Participants): Twenty college-age individuals (10 males/10 females, age = 20.9 [3.7] y) participated. INTERVENTION(S) The participants attended 2 testing sessions, 1 week apart. The participants' trunk-flexion, rotation, and hip abduction strength were measured at each session. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Peak trunk flexion, rotation, and hip abduction forces were normalized to the participant's body weight (BW). In addition, hip-abduction torque was calculated by multiplying the force times the leg length and normalized to BW. The trial data from both sessions were used to calculate the intrasession reliability, and the averages from the 2 sessions were used to calculate the intersession reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficients, SEM, and minimal detectable change were calculated to evaluate reliability of measures. RESULTS The intrasession intraclass correlation coefficients (SEM) for trunk flexion, rotation, hip abduction, and hip abduction torque were .837 (5.2% BW), .978 (1.3% BW), .955 (1.0% BW), and .969 (5.8 N·m/BW), respectively. The intersession reliability for trunk flexion, rotation, hip abduction, and hip abduction torque were .871 (4.3% BW), .801 (3.8% BW), .894 (1.5% BW), and .968 (5.9 N·m/BW), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The measures of trunk and hip abduction strength are highly repeatable within a session. The reliability of the measures between sessions was also good/excellent with relatively small SEM and minimal detectable change. The tests described in this study can be used to assess changes in trunk/hip strength over time.
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Schega L, Kaps B, Broscheid KC, Bielitzki R, Behrens M, Meiler K, Drange S, Franke J. Effects of a multimodal exercise intervention on physical and cognitive functions in patients with chronic low back pain (MultiMove): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:151. [PMID: 33653286 PMCID: PMC7923646 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common medical condition in adults over the age of 50. It is associated with severe disability, ranging from physical impairments to psychosocial distress. Since current treatments provide only small to moderate short-term effects, alternative interventions are required, whereby guidelines recommended multimodal approaches. Dancing can be considered as an inherently multimodal approach, as it requires a combination of physical and cognitive functions. Furthermore, it has already been applied effectively in neurorehabilitation. Therefore, it seems promising to merge a dance-therapeutic component together with motor-cognitive, strength and flexibility exercises in a novel multimodal treatment (MultiMove) to target the impaired everyday mobility and cognition of CLBP patients. The aim of this study is to analyse specific physical, cognitive and psychosocial effects of MultiMove in CLBP patients. METHODS A prospective, two-arm, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial will be conducted with an estimated sample size of 100 CLBP patients, assigned to either the MultiMove group or a control group. The intervention group will receive MultiMove twice a week for 60 min each over a period of 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be the mobility and function of the lower extremities assessed by the Timed Up-and-Go Test. Secondary outcomes comprise further physical and physiological functions (e.g. gait variability and haemodynamic response in the prefrontal cortex during motor-cognitive dual tasks), subjective health state (e.g. disability in daily life), executive functions (e.g. cognitive flexibility) and psychosocial aspects (e.g. kinesiophobia). Measures will be taken at baseline, after the intervention and at a 12-week follow-up. It is assumed that MultiMove improves the mentioned outcome parameters. DISCUSSION The combined assessment of changes in physical and cognitive functions as well as neuropsychological aspects in response to MultiMove will allow a better understanding of the motor-cognitive adaptations induced by multimodal exercises in CLBP patients. The specific conclusions will lead to recommendations for the conservative treatment approach in this clinically relevant patient group. TRIAL REGISTRATION German Clinical Trial Register (ID: DRKS00021696 / 10.07.2020), https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00021696.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Schega
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Britta Kaps
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Kim-Charline Broscheid
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Bielitzki
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Behrens
- Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Institute III, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Meiler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Klinikum Magdeburg gGmbH, Birkenallee 34, 39130, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Drange
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Klinikum Magdeburg gGmbH, Birkenallee 34, 39130, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Franke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Klinikum Magdeburg gGmbH, Birkenallee 34, 39130, Magdeburg, Germany
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Association of low back pain with muscle weakness, decreased mobility function, and malnutrition in older women: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245879. [PMID: 33493191 PMCID: PMC7833166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low back pain (LBP) and decreased mobility function are common problem among older people. Muscle weakness has been reported as a risk factor for these conditions, and exercise therapy can improve them. We created a novel exercise device that also measures abdominal trunk muscle strength. Malnutrition has also emerged as a major problem among older people. Muscle is a direct key linking decreased mobility function and malnutrition. This study aimed to examine the associations of LBP with not only decreased physical function and muscle weakness but also nutritional status of older people. Methods We examined the associations of LBP with muscle weakness, decreased mobility function (locomotive syndrome [LS]), and malnutrition among older women. The study included 101 female patients aged 60 years or older scheduled to undergo surgery for degenerative lower extremity diseases. Preoperatively, physical tests including abdominal trunk muscle strength assessment using the device and laboratory tests were conducted. Subjects with LBP (numerical rating scale ≥2; range, 0–4) during the preceding month were allocated to the LBP group (n = 36). Other subjects were allocated to the non-LBP group (n = 65). Results The LBP group had lower abdominal trunk and knee extensor muscle strength, lower serum albumin, and hemoglobin levels as blood biomarkers associated with malnutrition risk, and higher LS test scores than the non-LBP group. A multivariate analysis showed that abdominal trunk muscle weakness and advanced LS were associated with LBP. LBP intensity was negatively correlated with abdominal trunk and knee extensor muscle strength and positively correlated with the LS test score. The serum hemoglobin level was negatively correlated with the LS test score. Conclusion Abdominal trunk muscle weakness and decreased mobility function were associated with LBP among older women.
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Althobaiti S, Rushton A, Falla D, Heneghan NR. Measures of trunk muscle strength and their measurement properties: a protocol for a systematic review and narrative synthesis of clinical measures. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041499. [PMID: 33414146 PMCID: PMC7797260 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Spinal musculoskeletal conditions, including low back and neck pain, are leading causes of disability globally. The trunk muscles, which comprise muscles in the thoracic and lumbar regions, are essential for functional activities, necessitating mobility, motor control and strength. To investigate the effectiveness of interventions directed at improving trunk muscle strength, it is essential to have valid, reliable and responsive performance-based outcome measures (PBOM). While isokinetic dynamometry is considered the gold-standard PBOM, the associated costs, size/weight and operational complexity of this equipment preclude its use in a clinical setting. There is, therefore, a need to evaluate the measurement properties of alternative accessible measures of trunk strength. This systematic review therefore aims to investigate the measurement properties of PBOM of trunk muscle strength measures appropriate for use in a clinical setting. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This protocol has been designed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. CINAHL, Web of Science, Pedro, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscuss will be searched systematically from the database start date up to 16 April 2020, along with reference checking and the grey literature searching. Eligibility criteria include studies investigating measurement properties of PROM for trunk muscle strength for use in a clinical setting in adults with and without spinal musculoskeletal complaints. Two independent reviewers will determine the eligibility of the studies through screening process of titles, abstract and the full text. Both reviewers will assess the risk of bias using COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments risk-of-bias tool and then extract the data from included studies. The overall quality of the included studies will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. A narrative synthesis will be carried out if meta-analysis is not applicable. Findings from this systematic review will aid clinicians and practitioners working in the field for example, sport, in using the most appropriate PBOM to measure trunk muscle strength. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No research ethics application is needed as there are no patient data in this study. The results of this study will be submitted to a peer reviewed journal and presented at conferences. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020167464.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouq Althobaiti
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alison Rushton
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Physical Therapy, Elbourn College, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicola R Heneghan
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Tsuji S, Shinmura K, Nagai K, Wada Y, Kusunoki H, Tamaki K, Ito M, Sano K, Amano M, Hasegawa Y, Kishimoto H, Maruo K, Iseki T, Tachibana T. Low back pain is closely associated with frailty but not with sarcopenia: Cross-sectional study of rural Japanese community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 21:54-59. [PMID: 33245209 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM We speculated that low back pain, which is the most common ailment in older adults, is associated with frailty and/or sarcopenia and contributes to the progression of either condition. Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between low back pain, sarcopenia and frailty in rural Japanese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS We recruited 730 participants aged ≥65 years who underwent a comprehensive health examination between November 2016 and December 2018. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was used to assess low back pain quantitatively, and scores were compared for the frail groups determined by the Japanese version of Cardiovascular Health Study, and the sarcopenia groups as determined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019. RESULTS Among 730 participants, the prevalence of low back pain was 57.8%. There were significant differences in the ODI scores between the robust, prefrail and frail groups (P < 0.001). In contrast, there were no significant differences in the ODI scores among the robust, low appendicular skeletal muscle and sarcopenia groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of low back pain and the ODI scores were significantly associated with frailty after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index (odds ratio 3.41, 95% confidence interval 1.39-8.39, P = 0.008, and odds ratio 1.06, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.09, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show the close association between low back pain and frailty, and suggests that not only the decline in physical function but also neuropsychiatric factors, including chronic pain, constitute a vicious cycle of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 54-59.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Tsuji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Ken Shinmura
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Koutatsu Nagai
- School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yosuke Wada
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kusunoki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kayoko Tamaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Masako Ito
- School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kyoko Sano
- School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Amano
- School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoko Hasegawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Kishimoto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Keishi Maruo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tomoya Iseki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Toshiya Tachibana
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Barzegar M, Sadeghi Bahmani D, Mirmosayyeb O, Azarbayejani R, Afshari-Safavi A, Vaheb S, Nehzat N, Dana A, Shaygannejad V, Motl RW, Brand S. Higher Disease and Pain Severity and Fatigue and Lower Balance Skills Are Associated with Higher Prevalence of Falling among Individuals with the Inflammatory Disease of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD). J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113604. [PMID: 33182291 PMCID: PMC7695277 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disorder that is associated with impaired vision, sensory loss, pain, fatigue, and spasms in the upper and lower limbs. Typically, persons with this disorder are also at higher risks of falls. Given this, the aims of the study were to compare the prevalence rates of falling for NMOSD cases and healthy controls (HCs), and to predict falling in the former group based on sociodemographic, psychological, and illness-related factors. Method: A total of 95 adults with NMOSD (Mean age = 34.89 years; 70.5% females) and 100 matched HCs took part in the study. All participants completed a series of questionnaires covering sociodemographic information and falling rates. The NMOSD individuals also reported on disease duration, pain, fatigue, and fear of falling, while their balance performance was objectively assessed. Results: Compared to healthy controls, the NMOSD cases had a 2.5-fold higher risk of falling. In this latter group, higher scores for pain, fatigue, fear of falling, and higher EDSS scores were distinguished between fallers and non-fallers, and objective balance skills had no predictive value. Conclusions: Compared to healthy controls, NMOSD sufferers had a 2.5-fold higher risk of experiencing falls. In this group, disease impairments (EDSS, fatigue, pain) predicted falling. Specific interventions such as regular resistance training might reduce the risk of falling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Barzegar
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.B.); (O.M.); (R.A.); (S.V.); (N.N.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Dena Sadeghi Bahmani
- Departments of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35209, USA; (D.S.B.); (R.W.M.)
- Center of Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), University of Basel, Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran
| | - Omid Mirmosayyeb
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.B.); (O.M.); (R.A.); (S.V.); (N.N.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Azarbayejani
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.B.); (O.M.); (R.A.); (S.V.); (N.N.); (A.D.)
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Alireza Afshari-Safavi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd 74877-94149, Iran;
| | - Saeed Vaheb
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.B.); (O.M.); (R.A.); (S.V.); (N.N.); (A.D.)
| | - Nasim Nehzat
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.B.); (O.M.); (R.A.); (S.V.); (N.N.); (A.D.)
| | - Afshin Dana
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.B.); (O.M.); (R.A.); (S.V.); (N.N.); (A.D.)
| | - Vahid Shaygannejad
- Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Alzahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; (M.B.); (O.M.); (R.A.); (S.V.); (N.N.); (A.D.)
- Department of Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (S.B.); Tel.: +41-61-32-55-097 (S.B.)
| | - Robert W. Motl
- Departments of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35209, USA; (D.S.B.); (R.W.M.)
| | - Serge Brand
- Center of Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), University of Basel, Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 67198-51351, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran 14117-13135, Iran
- Department of Sport, Exercise, and Health, Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, University of Basel, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (S.B.); Tel.: +41-61-32-55-097 (S.B.)
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Hirase T, Okubo Y, Menant J, Lord SR, Sturnieks DL. Impact of pain on reactive balance and falls in community-dwelling older adults: a prospective cohort study. Age Ageing 2020; 49:982-988. [PMID: 32417879 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND pain is associated with increased postural sway and falls in older adults. However, the impact of pain on reactive balance induced by postural perturbations and how this might predispose older adults to falls is not known. OBJECTIVE to investigate whether any pain, back/neck pain and lower limb pain are associated with poor reactive balance and prospective fall outcomes in older adults. DESIGN 12-month prospective cohort study. SETTING community. SUBJECTS 242 community-dwelling older adults aged 70+ years. METHODS participants completed a questionnaire on the presence of pain and underwent force-controlled waist-pull postural perturbations while standing. Force thresholds for stepping, step initiation time, step velocity and step length were quantified. Falls were monitored with monthly falls calendars for 12-months. RESULTS participants with lower limb pain had significantly lower force thresholds for stepping. Those with any pain or pain in the back/neck had longer step initiation time, slower step velocity and shorter step length. The three pain measures (any pain, back/neck pain, lower limb pain) were significantly associated with multiple falls when adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, use of polypharmacy, strength and walking speed. In mediation analyses, there was a significant indirect effect of reactive balance for the relationship between back/neck pain and falls with fractures. CONCLUSIONS older people with pain have impaired reactive balance and an increased risk of falls. Reactive balance partially mediated the association between pain and fall-related fractures. Further research is required to confirm the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Hirase
- Department of Physical Therapy Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yoshiro Okubo
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jasmine Menant
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen R Lord
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Daina L Sturnieks
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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