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Casado-Losada I, Acosta M, Schädl B, Priglinger E, Wolbank S, Nürnberger S. Unlocking Potential: Low Bovine Serum Albumin Enhances the Chondrogenicity of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells in Pellet Cultures. Biomolecules 2024; 14:413. [PMID: 38672430 PMCID: PMC11048491 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine serum albumin (BSA) plays a crucial role in cell culture media, influencing cellular processes such as proliferation and differentiation. Although it is commonly included in chondrogenic differentiation media, its specific function remains unclear. This study explores the effect of different BSA concentrations on the chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (hASCs). hASC pellets from six donors were cultured under chondrogenic conditions with three BSA concentrations. Surprisingly, a lower BSA concentration led to enhanced chondrogenesis. The degree of this effect was donor-dependent, classifying them into two groups: (1) high responders, forming at least 35% larger, differentiated pellets with low BSA in comparison to high BSA; (2) low responders, which benefitted only slightly from low BSA doses with a decrease in pellet size and marginal differentiation, indicative of low intrinsic differentiation potential. In all cases, increased chondrogenesis was accompanied by hypertrophy under low BSA concentrations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing improved chondrogenicity and the tendency for hypertrophy with low BSA concentration compared to standard levels. Once the tendency for hypertrophy is understood, the determination of BSA concentration might be used to tune hASC chondrogenic or osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Casado-Losada
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma-Surgery, Division of Trauma-Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.C.-L.); (M.A.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Acosta
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma-Surgery, Division of Trauma-Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.C.-L.); (M.A.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
| | - Barbara Schädl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eleni Priglinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Kepler University Hospital GmbH, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Susanne Wolbank
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Nürnberger
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma-Surgery, Division of Trauma-Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.C.-L.); (M.A.)
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria (E.P.); (S.W.)
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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2
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Sun L, Xu Y, Han Y, Cui J, Jing Z, Li D, Liu J, Xiao C, Li D, Cai B. Collagen-Based Hydrogels for Cartilage Regeneration. Orthop Surg 2023; 15:3026-3045. [PMID: 37942509 PMCID: PMC10694028 DOI: 10.1111/os.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage regeneration remains difficult due to a lack of blood vessels. Degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) causes cartilage defects, and the ECM provides the natural environment and nutrition for cartilage regeneration. Until now, collagen hydrogels are considered to be excellent material for cartilage regeneration due to the similar structure to ECM and good biocompatibility. However, collagen hydrogels also have several drawbacks, such as low mechanical strength, limited ability to induce stem cell differentiation, and rapid degradation. Thus, there is a demanding need to optimize collagen hydrogels for cartilage regeneration. In this review, we will first briefly introduce the structure of articular cartilage and cartilage defect classification and collagen, then provide an overview of the progress made in research on collagen hydrogels with chondrocytes or stem cells, comprehensively expound the research progress and clinical applications of collagen-based hydrogels that integrate inorganic or organic materials, and finally present challenges for further clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Sun
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xu
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yu Han
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jing Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, School and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Zheng Jing
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Dongbo Li
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Dongsong Li
- Division of Bone and Joint Surgery, Center of OrthopaedicsFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bo Cai
- Department of Ultrasound DiagnosisThe 964 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation ArmyChangchunPeople's Republic of China
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3
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Chehelgerdi M, Chehelgerdi M. The use of RNA-based treatments in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:106. [PMID: 37420174 PMCID: PMC10401791 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01807-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past several decades, mRNA vaccines have evolved from a theoretical concept to a clinical reality. These vaccines offer several advantages over traditional vaccine techniques, including their high potency, rapid development, low-cost manufacturing, and safe administration. However, until recently, concerns over the instability and inefficient distribution of mRNA in vivo have limited their utility. Fortunately, recent technological advancements have mostly resolved these concerns, resulting in the development of numerous mRNA vaccination platforms for infectious diseases and various types of cancer. These platforms have shown promising outcomes in both animal models and humans. This study highlights the potential of mRNA vaccines as a promising alternative approach to conventional vaccine techniques and cancer treatment. This review article aims to provide a thorough and detailed examination of mRNA vaccines, including their mechanisms of action and potential applications in cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, the article will analyze the current state of mRNA vaccine technology and highlight future directions for the development and implementation of this promising vaccine platform as a mainstream therapeutic option. The review will also discuss potential challenges and limitations of mRNA vaccines, such as their stability and in vivo distribution, and suggest ways to overcome these issues. By providing a comprehensive overview and critical analysis of mRNA vaccines, this review aims to contribute to the advancement of this innovative approach to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Matin Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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4
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Weißenberger M, Wagenbrenner M, Nickel J, Ahlbrecht R, Blunk T, Steinert AF, Gilbert F. Comparative in vitro treatment of mesenchymal stromal cells with GDF-5 and R57A induces chondrogenic differentiation while limiting chondrogenic hypertrophy. J Exp Orthop 2023; 10:29. [PMID: 36943593 PMCID: PMC10030724 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-023-00594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertrophic cartilage is an important characteristic of osteoarthritis and can often be found in patients suffering from osteoarthritis. Although the exact pathomechanism remains poorly understood, hypertrophic de-differentiation of chondrocytes also poses a major challenge in the cell-based repair of hyaline cartilage using mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). While different members of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family have been shown to promote chondrogenesis in MSCs, the transition into a hypertrophic phenotype remains a problem. To further examine this topic we compared the effects of the transcription growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5) and the mutant R57A on in vitro chondrogenesis in MSCs. METHODS Bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were placed in pellet culture and in-cubated in chondrogenic differentiation medium containing R57A, GDF-5 and TGF-ß1 for 21 days. Chondrogenesis was examined histologically, immunohistochemically, through biochemical assays and by RT-qPCR regarding the expression of chondrogenic marker genes. RESULTS Treatment of BMSCs with R57A led to a dose dependent induction of chondrogenesis in BMSCs. Biochemical assays also showed an elevated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and expression of chondrogenic marker genes in corresponding pellets. While treatment with R57A led to superior chondrogenic differentiation compared to treatment with the GDF-5 wild type and similar levels compared to incubation with TGF-ß1, levels of chondrogenic hypertrophy were lower after induction with R57A and the GDF-5 wild type. CONCLUSIONS R57A is a stronger inducer of chondrogenesis in BMSCs than the GDF-5 wild type while leading to lower levels of chondrogenic hypertrophy in comparison with TGF-ß1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Weißenberger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, König-Ludwig-Haus, Würzburg, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Wuerzburg, König-Ludwig-Haus, Brettreichstraße 11, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Mike Wagenbrenner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, König-Ludwig-Haus, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Nickel
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rasmus Ahlbrecht
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, König-Ludwig-Haus, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Trauma-, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Blunk
- Department of Trauma-, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andre F Steinert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, König-Ludwig-Haus, Würzburg, Germany
- Current address:, Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, Shoulder and Arthroplasty Surgery, Rhön-Klinikum, Campus Bad Neustadt, Bad Neustadt, Germany
| | - Fabian Gilbert
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Trauma-, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
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5
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O'Connell CD, Duchi S, Onofrillo C, Caballero-Aguilar LM, Trengove A, Doyle SE, Zywicki WJ, Pirogova E, Di Bella C. Within or Without You? A Perspective Comparing In Situ and Ex Situ Tissue Engineering Strategies for Articular Cartilage Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201305. [PMID: 36541723 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Human articular cartilage has a poor ability to self-repair, meaning small injuries often lead to osteoarthritis, a painful and debilitating condition which is a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Existing clinical strategies generally do not regenerate hyaline type cartilage, motivating research toward tissue engineering solutions. Prospective cartilage tissue engineering therapies can be placed into two broad categories: i) Ex situ strategies, where cartilage tissue constructs are engineered in the lab prior to implantation and ii) in situ strategies, where cells and/or a bioscaffold are delivered to the defect site to stimulate chondral repair directly. While commonalities exist between these two approaches, the core point of distinction-whether chondrogenesis primarily occurs "within" or "without" (outside) the body-can dictate many aspects of the treatment. This difference influences decisions around cell selection, the biomaterials formulation and the surgical implantation procedure, the processes of tissue integration and maturation, as well as, the prospects for regulatory clearance and clinical translation. Here, ex situ and in situ cartilage engineering strategies are compared: Highlighting their respective challenges, opportunities, and prospects on their translational pathways toward long term human cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathal D O'Connell
- Discipline of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Serena Duchi
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Carmine Onofrillo
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Lilith M Caballero-Aguilar
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, 3122, Australia
| | - Anna Trengove
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Stephanie E Doyle
- Discipline of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia.,Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
| | - Wiktor J Zywicki
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Elena Pirogova
- Discipline of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Claudia Di Bella
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD), St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, 3065, Australia
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6
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Singh YP, Moses JC, Bandyopadhyay A, Mandal BB. 3D Bioprinted Silk-Based In Vitro Osteochondral Model for Osteoarthritis Therapeutics. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2200209. [PMID: 35670084 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202200209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
3D bioprinting of osteochondral tissue offers unique opportunities for enabling precise pharmacological interventions in osteoarthritis (OA). The current study investigates the screening potential of anti-inflammatory drugs using bioprinted inflamed human osteochondral units. The biomimetic hierarchical geometry is bioprinted using silk-based bioinks encapsulating pre-differentiated stem cells, creating an in vitro model. Inflammation is stimulated in the model, using tumor necrosis factor-alpha and Interleukin-1 beta pro-inflammatory cytokines. The resultant degeneration, akin to OA, is flagged by key markers like sulfated glycosaminoglycan, collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and downregulation of osteochondral transcript levels. In the next step, the screening of anti-inflammatory drugs is validated using celecoxib and rhein. Consequently, in the inflamed constructs, the initial upregulation of the key inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide, Prostaglandin E2), is subsequently downregulated, post-drug treatment. In addition, catabolic markers (matrix metalloproteinases and aggrecanase-1), indicative of hypertrophic and apoptosing chondrocytes, are significantly downregulated in the treatment groups; while the transcript and protein levels required for osteochondral health are attenuated. Therefore, the in vitro model mimicks the inflammation in the early stages of OA, and corroborates a potential high-throughput platform for screening novel anti-inflammatory drugs in OA therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Pratap Singh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Joseph Christakiran Moses
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ashutosh Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Biman B Mandal
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.,Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.,School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
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7
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Heyman E, Meeremans M, Devriendt B, Olenic M, Chiers K, De Schauwer C. Validation of a color deconvolution method to quantify MSC tri-lineage differentiation across species. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:987045. [PMID: 36311666 PMCID: PMC9608146 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.987045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising candidate for both human and veterinary regenerative medicine applications because of their abundance and ability to differentiate into several lineages. Mesenchymal stem cells are however a heterogeneous cell population and as such, it is imperative that they are unequivocally characterized to acquire reproducible results in clinical trials. Although the tri-lineage differentiation potential of MSCs is reported in most veterinary studies, a qualitative evaluation of representative histological images does not always unambiguously confirm tri-lineage differentiation. Moreover, potential differences in differentiation capacity are not identified. Therefore, quantification of tri-lineage differentiation would greatly enhance proper characterization of MSCs. In this study, a method to quantify the tri-lineage differentiation potential of MSCs is described using digital image analysis, based on the color deconvolution plug-in (ImageJ). Mesenchymal stem cells from three species, i.e., bovine, equine, and porcine, were differentiated toward adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. Subsequently, differentiated MSCs were stained with Oil Red O, Alcian Blue, and Alizarin Red S, respectively. Next, a differentiation ratio (DR) was obtained by dividing the area % of the differentiation signal by the area % of the nuclear signal. Although MSCs isolated from all donors in all species were capable of tri-lineage differentiation, differences were demonstrated between donors using this quantitative DR. Our straightforward, simple but robust method represents an elegant approach to determine the degree of MSC tri-lineage differentiation across species. As such, differences in differentiation potential within the heterogeneous MSC population and between different MSC sources can easily be identified, which will support further optimization of regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Heyman
- Veterinary Stem Cell Research Unit, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium,*Correspondence: Emma Heyman
| | - Marguerite Meeremans
- Veterinary Stem Cell Research Unit, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bert Devriendt
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Maria Olenic
- Veterinary Stem Cell Research Unit, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium,Tissue Engineering Lab, Muscles and Movement Group, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Koen Chiers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Catharina De Schauwer
- Veterinary Stem Cell Research Unit, Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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8
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Hai Y, Zhidong C, Wenyan W. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of autologous bone marrow stem cells by secreting exosomes. Bioengineered 2022; 13:9901-9915. [PMID: 35412945 PMCID: PMC9162006 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2062183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractures are frequently encountered diseases troubling the senior population, and the research on fracture repair and the exploration of effective treatment methods are of great significance. This study aimed to clarify the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (hUMSC-EVs) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of autologous bone marrow stem cells (ABMSCs). The two kinds of cells were co-cultured firstly, 5-Ethynyl-2'- deoxyuridine (EDU) staining and alizarin red staining were used to detect the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of ABMSCs. The exosomes of hUMSCs were subsequently extracted to process ABMSCs to further test the effect on the cells. The EDU positive rate of ABMSCs and Collagen II expression were elevated, whereas the TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive rate and Matrix Metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13) were markedly decreased after the co-culture of hUMSCs and ABMSCs using Transwell chamber assays. The results indicated that hUMSCs could increase the proliferation of ABMSCs, reduce apoptosis, and promote matrix metabolism. The hUMSCs exosomes were separated and added to ABMSCs. As the exosomes content increased, the proliferation of ABMSCs increased simultaneously, and ABMSCs apoptosis decreased. Meanwhile, ABMSCs that migrated to the submembrane increased compared with untreated ABMSCs. Western blot, qPCR and immunofluorescence results revealed that increased exosomes contents promoted the expression of ABMSCs anabolic-related indicators gradually, while decreased the expression of catabolism-related indicators gradually. The previously described results indicated that hUMSCs promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of ABMSCs by secreting exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Hai
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cao Zhidong
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wu Wenyan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Center Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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9
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Evenbratt H, Andreasson L, Bicknell V, Brittberg M, Mobini R, Simonsson S. Insights into the present and future of cartilage regeneration and joint repair. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 11:3. [PMID: 35106664 PMCID: PMC8807792 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-021-00104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease. It causes pain and suffering for affected patients and is the source of major economic costs for healthcare systems. Despite ongoing research, there is a lack of knowledge regarding disease mechanisms, biomarkers, and possible cures. Current treatments do not fulfill patients' long-term needs, and it often requires invasive surgical procedures with subsequent long periods of rehabilitation. Researchers and companies worldwide are working to find a suitable cell source to engineer or regenerate a functional and healthy articular cartilage tissue to implant in the damaged area. Potential cell sources to accomplish this goal include embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells. The differentiation of stem cells into different tissue types is complex, and a suitable concentration range of specific growth factors is vital. The cellular microenvironment during early embryonic development provides crucial information regarding concentrations of signaling molecules and morphogen gradients as these are essential inducers for tissue development. Thus, morphogen gradients implemented in developmental protocols aimed to engineer functional cartilage tissue can potentially generate cells comparable to those within native cartilage. In this review, we have summarized the problems with current treatments, potential cell sources for cell therapy, reviewed the progress of new treatments within the regenerative cartilage field, and highlighted the importance of cell quality, characterization assays, and chemically defined protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L. Andreasson
- Cline Scientific AB, SE-431 53 Mölndal, Sweden
- Institute of Biomedicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V. Bicknell
- Cline Scientific AB, SE-431 53 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - M. Brittberg
- Cartilage Research Unit, University of Gothenburg, Region Halland Orthopaedics, Kungsbacka Hospital, S-434 80 Kungsbacka, Sweden
| | - R. Mobini
- Cline Scientific AB, SE-431 53 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - S. Simonsson
- Institute of Biomedicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
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10
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In Vitro Study of Licorice on IL-1β-Induced Chondrocytes and In Silico Approach for Osteoarthritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14121337. [PMID: 34959737 PMCID: PMC8709290 DOI: 10.3390/ph14121337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disorder that affects joint function, mobility, and pain. The release of proinflammatory cytokines stimulates matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and aggrecanase production which further induces articular cartilage degradation. Hypertrophy-like changes in chondrocytes are considered to be an important feature of OA pathogenesis. A Glycyrrhiza new variety, Wongam (WG), was developed by the Korea Rural Development Administration to enhance the cultivation and quality of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (licorice). This study examined the regulatory effect of WG against hypertrophy-like changes such as RUNX2, Collagen X, VEGFA, MMP-13 induction, and Collagen II reduction induced by IL-1β in SW1353 human chondrocytes. Additionally, in silico methods were performed to identify active compounds in licorice to target chondrocyte hypertrophy-related proteins. WG showed inhibitory effects against IL-1β-induced chondrocyte hypertrophy by regulating both HDAC4 activation via the PTH1R/PKA/PP2A pathway and the SOX9/β-catenin signaling pathway. In silico analysis demonstrated that 21 active compounds from licorice have binding potential with 11 targets related to chondrocyte hypertrophy. Further molecular docking analysis and in vivo studies elicited four compounds. Based on HPLC, isoliquiritigenin and its precursors were identified and quantified. Taken together, WG is a potential therapeutic agent for chondrocyte hypertrophy-like changes in OA.
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11
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Bie Q, Zhai R, Chen Y, Li Y, Xie N, Wang B, Yuan P, Zhou X, Cong H, Chang X, Xiong H, Zhang B. Sox9 Is Crucial for Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Enhance Cutaneous Wound Healing. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:465-474. [PMID: 34456192 PMCID: PMC8611311 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc21078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) are promising candidates for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine or other diseases due to their superior characteristics, including higher proliferation, faster self-renewal ability, lower immunogenicity, a noninvasive harvest procedure, easy expansion in vitro, and ethical access, compared with stem cells from other sources. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we knocked down the expression of SOX9 in HUC-MSCs by lentivirus interference and found that knockdown of SOX9 inhibited the proliferation and migration of HUC-MSCs and influenced the expression of cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8), growth factors (GM-CSF and VEGF) and stemness-related genes (OCT4 and SALL4). In addition, the repair effect of skin with burn injury in rats treated with HUC-MSCs transfected with sh-control was better than that rats treated with HUC-MSCs transfected with shSOX9 or PBS, and the accessory structures of the skin, including hair follicles and glands, were greater than those in the other groups. We found that knockdown of the expression of SOX9 obviously inhibited the expression of Ki67, CK14 and CK18. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study will provide a guide for modifying HUC-MSCs by bioengineering technology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Bie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of
Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining,
China
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine,
Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Ruixia Zhai
- Department of Obstetric, Affiliated Hospital of Jining
Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining,
China
| | - Yanrong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of
Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining,
China
| | - Yingao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of
Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining,
China
| | - Na Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of
Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining,
China
| | - Baoyi Wang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine,
Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Poyun Yuan
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine,
Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Xinjie Zhou
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine,
Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Haiyan Cong
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital,
Cheeloo College of Medicine, Weihai, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Department of Central Lab, Weihai Municipal Hospital,
Cheeloo College of Medicine, Weihai, China
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining
Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of
Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining,
China
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine,
Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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12
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Tassey J, Sarkar A, Van Handel B, Lu J, Lee S, Evseenko D. A Single-Cell Culture System for Dissecting Microenvironmental Signaling in Development and Disease of Cartilage Tissue. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:725854. [PMID: 34733842 PMCID: PMC8558457 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.725854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage tissue is comprised of extracellular matrix and chondrocytes, a cell type with very low cellular turnover in adults, providing limited capacity for regeneration. However, in development a significant number of chondrocytes actively proliferate and remodel the surrounding matrix. Uncoupling the microenvironmental influences that determine the balance between clonogenic potential and terminal differentiation of these cells is essential for the development of novel approaches for cartilage regeneration. Unfortunately, most of the existing methods are not applicable for the analysis of functional properties of chondrocytes at a single cell resolution. Here we demonstrate that a novel 3D culture method provides a long-term and permissive in vitro niche that selects for highly clonogenic, colony-forming chondrocytes which maintain cartilage-specific matrix production, thus recapitulating the in vivo niche. As a proof of concept, clonogenicity of Sox9IRES–EGFP mouse chondrocytes is almost exclusively found in the highest GFP+ fraction known to be enriched for chondrocyte progenitor cells. Although clonogenic chondrocytes are very rare in adult cartilage, we have optimized this system to support large, single cell-derived chondrogenic organoids with complex zonal architecture and robust chondrogenic phenotype from adult pig and human articular chondrocytes. Moreover, we have demonstrated that growth trajectory and matrix biosynthesis in these organoids respond to a pro-inflammatory environment. This culture method offers a robust, defined and controllable system that can be further used to interrogate the effects of various microenvironmental signals on chondrocytes, providing a high throughput platform to assess genetic and environmental factors in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Tassey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Arijita Sarkar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ben Van Handel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jinxiu Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Siyoung Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Denis Evseenko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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13
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Bello AB, Kim Y, Park S, Muttigi MS, Kim J, Park H, Lee S. Matrilin3/TGFβ3 gelatin microparticles promote chondrogenesis, prevent hypertrophy, and induce paracrine release in MSC spheroid for disc regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:50. [PMID: 34480032 PMCID: PMC8417285 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is the leading cause of excruciating lower back pain and disability in adults worldwide. Among the current treatments for DDD, cell-based therapies such as the injection of both disc- and non-disc-derived chondrocytes have shown significant improvements in the patients’ condition. However, further advancement of these therapies is required to not only ensure a supply of healthy chondrocytes but also to promote regeneration of the defective cells in the injury site. Here, we report that the incorporation of gelatin microparticles coloaded with transforming growth factor beta 3 and matrilin 3 promoted chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheroids while preventing hypertrophy and terminal differentiation of cells. Moreover, these composite spheroids induced the release of chondrogenic cytokines that, in turn, promoted regeneration of degenerative chondrocytes in vitro. Finally, injections of these composite spheroids in a rat model of intervertebral disc disease promoted restoration of the chondrogenic properties of the cells, thereby allowing regeneration of the chondrogenic tissue in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin Bacero Bello
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Korea.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Korea
| | - Yunkyung Kim
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Korea
| | - Sunghyun Park
- Department of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam, 13488, Korea
| | | | - Jiseong Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06911, Korea.
| | - Soohong Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620, Korea.
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14
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Rilo-Alvarez H, Ledo AM, Vidal A, Garcia-Fuentes M. Delivery of transcription factors as modulators of cell differentiation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:426-444. [PMID: 33611769 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00931-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental studies performed during the last decades have shown that cell fate is much more plastic than previously considered, and technologies for its manipulation are a keystone for many new tissue regeneration therapies. Transcription factors (TFs) are DNA-binding proteins that control gene expression, and they have critical roles in the control of cell fate and other cellular behavior. TF-based therapies have much medical potential, but their use as drugs depends on the development of suitable delivery technologies that can help them reach their action site inside of the cells. TFs can be used either as proteins or encoded in polynucleotides. When used in protein form, many TFs require to be associated to a cell-penetrating peptide or another transduction domain. As polynucleotides, they can be delivered either by viral carriers or by non-viral systems such as polyplexes and lipoplexes. TF-based therapies have extensively shown their potential to solve many tissue-engineering problems, including bone, cartilage and cardiac regeneration. Yet, their use has expanded beyond regenerative medicine to other prominent disease areas such as cancer therapy and immunomodulation. This review summarizes some of the delivery options for effective TF-based therapies and their current main applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Rilo-Alvarez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, IDIS Research Institute, CiMUS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adriana M Ledo
- Respiratory Therapeutic Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Inc, 700 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Anxo Vidal
- Department of Physiology, IDIS Research Institute, CiMUS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marcos Garcia-Fuentes
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, IDIS Research Institute, CiMUS Research Institute, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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15
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Zhao Y, Liu H, Zhao C, Dang P, Li H, Farzaneh M. Paracrine Interactions Involved in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Differentiation into Chondrocytes. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15:233-242. [PMID: 31889496 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15666191224122058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), as a degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of joint disorder that causes pain, stiffness, and other symptoms associated with OA. Various genetic, biomechanical, and environmental factors have a relevant role in the development of OA. To date, extensive efforts are currently being made to overcome the poor self-healing capacity of articular cartilage. Despite the pivotal role of chondrocytes, their proliferation and repair capacity after tissue injury are limited. Therefore, the development of new strategies to overcome these constraints is urgently needed. Recent advances in regenerative medicine suggest that pluripotent stem cells are promising stem cell sources for cartilage repair. Pluripotent stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the capacity to differentiate into different types of cells and can self-renew indefinitely. In the past few decades, numerous attempts have been made to regenerate articular cartilage by using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The potential applications of patient-specific iPSCs hold great promise for regenerative medicine and OA treatment. However, there are different culture conditions for the preparation and characterization of human iPSCs-derived chondrocytes (hiChondrocytes). Recent biochemical analyses reported that several paracrine factors such as TGFb, BMPs, WNT, Ihh, and Runx have been shown to be involved in cartilage cell proliferation and differentiation from human iPSCs. In this review, we summarize and discuss the paracrine interactions involved in human iPSCs differentiation into chondrocytes in different cell culture media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics III, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, Henan 466000, China
| | - Honghao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics III, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, Henan 466000, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics III, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, Henan 466000, China
| | - Peng Dang
- Department of Orthopedics III, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, Henan 466000, China
| | - Haijian Li
- Department of Orthopedics III, Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, Henan 466000, China
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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16
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Lv S, Xu J, Chen L, Wu H, Feng W, Zheng Y, Li P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Chi G, Li Y. MicroRNA-27b targets CBFB to inhibit differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into hypertrophic chondrocytes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:392. [PMID: 32917285 PMCID: PMC7488425 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01909-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) have chondrocyte differentiation potential and are considered to be a cell source for cell-transplantation-mediated repair of cartilage defects, including those associated with osteoarthritis (OA). However, chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation is a major obstacle for the application of hBMSCs in articular cartilage defect treatment. We have previously shown that microRNA-27b (miR-27b) inhibits hypertrophy of chondrocytes from rat knee cartilage. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-27b in chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation of hBMSCs. Methods Chondrogenic marker and microRNA expression in hBMSC chondrogenic pellets were evaluated using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The hBMSCs were transfected with miR-27b before inducing differentiation. Gene and protein expression levels were analyzed using RT-qPCR and western blot. Coimmunoprecipitation was used to confirm interaction between CBFB and RUNX2. Luciferase reporter assays were used to demonstrate that CBFB is a miR-27b target. Chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated in hBMSCs treated with shRNA targeting CBFB. Chondrogenic hBMSC pellets overexpressing miR-27b were implanted into cartilage lesions in model rats; therapeutic effects were assessed based on histology and immunohistochemistry. Results The hBMSCs showed typical MSC differentiation potentials. During chondrogenic differentiation, collagen 2 and 10 (COL2 and COL10), SOX9, and RUNX2 expression was upregulated. Expression of miR-140, miR-143, and miR-181a increased over time, whereas miR-27b and miR-221 were downregulated. Cartilage derived from hBMSC and overexpressing miR-27b exhibited higher expression of COL2 and SOX9, but lower expression of COL10, RUNX2, and CBFB than did the control cartilage. CBFB and RUNX2 formed a complex, and CBFB was identified as a novel miR-27b target. CBFB knockdown by shRNA during hBMSC chondrogenic differentiation led to significantly increased COL2 and SOX9 expression and decreased COL10 expression. Finally, miR-27b-overexpressing hBMSC chondrogenic pellets had better hyaline cartilage morphology and reduced expression of hypertrophic markers and tend to increase repair efficacy in vivo. Conclusion MiR-27b plays an important role in preventing hypertrophic chondrogenesis of hBMSCs by targeting CBFB and is essential for maintaining a hyaline cartilage state. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of hBMSC chondrocyte differentiation and will aid in the development of strategies for treating cartilage injury based on hBMSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jinying Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lin Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.,Department of Oncology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Bone and Joint, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yangyang Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Pengdong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Haiying Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Guangfan Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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17
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Weißenberger M, Weißenberger MH, Wagenbrenner M, Heinz T, Reboredo J, Holzapfel BM, Rudert M, Groll J, Evans CH, Steinert AF. Different types of cartilage neotissue fabricated from collagen hydrogels and mesenchymal stromal cells via SOX9, TGFB1 or BMP2 gene transfer. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237479. [PMID: 32790806 PMCID: PMC7425924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective As native cartilage consists of different phenotypical zones, this study aims to fabricate different types of neocartilage constructs from collagen hydrogels and human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) genetically modified to express different chondrogenic factors. Design Human MSCs derived from bone-marrow of osteoarthritis (OA) hips were genetically modified using adenoviral vectors encoding sex-determining region Y-type high-mobility-group-box (SOX) 9, transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) 1 or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2 cDNA, placed in type I collagen hydrogels and maintained in serum-free chondrogenic media for three weeks. Control constructs contained unmodified MSCs or MSCs expressing GFP. The respective constructs were analyzed histologically, immunohistochemically, biochemically, and by qRT-PCR for chondrogenesis and hypertrophy. Results Chondrogenesis in MSCs was consistently and strongly induced in collagen I hydrogels by the transgenes SOX9, TGFB1 and BMP2 as evidenced by positive staining for proteoglycans, chondroitin-4-sulfate (CS4) and collagen (COL) type II, increased levels of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, and expression of mRNAs associated with chondrogenesis. The control groups were entirely non-chondrogenic. The levels of hypertrophy, as judged by expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and COL X on both the protein and mRNA levels revealed different stages of hypertrophy within the chondrogenic groups (BMP2>TGFB1>SOX9). Conclusions Different types of neocartilage with varying levels of hypertrophy could be generated from human MSCs in collagen hydrogels by transfer of genes encoding the chondrogenic factors SOX9, TGFB1 and BMP2. This technology may be harnessed for regeneration of specific zones of native cartilage upon damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Weißenberger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Orthopaedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research (OCMR), Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Manuela H. Weißenberger
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Orthopaedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research (OCMR), Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mike Wagenbrenner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Orthopaedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research (OCMR), Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tizian Heinz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Orthopaedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research (OCMR), Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jenny Reboredo
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Boris M. Holzapfel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Orthopaedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research (OCMR), Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rudert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Orthopaedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research (OCMR), Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christopher H. Evans
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Musculoskeletal Gene Therapy Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Andre F. Steinert
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, König-Ludwig-Haus, Orthopaedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research (OCMR), Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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