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Switlyk MD, Hopland A, Reitan E, Sivanesan S, Brennhovd B, Axcrona U, Hole KH. Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Penile Cancer: A Pictorial Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5324. [PMID: 38001583 PMCID: PMC10670261 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in assessing penile cancer is not well defined. However, this modality may be successfully applied for preoperative staging and patient selection; postoperative local and regional surveillance; and assessments of treatment response after oncological therapies. Previous studies have been mostly limited to a few small series evaluating the accuracy of MRI for the preoperative staging of penile cancer. This review discusses the principles of non-erectile mpMRI, including functional techniques and their applications in evaluating the male genital region, along with clinical protocols and technical considerations. The latest clinical classifications and guidelines are reviewed, focusing on imaging recommendations and discussing potential gaps and disadvantages. The development of functional MRI techniques and the extraction of quantitative parameters from these sequences enables the noninvasive assessment of phenotypic and genotypic tumor characteristics. The applications of advanced techniques in penile MRI are yet to be defined. There is a need for prospective trials and feasible multicenter trials due to the rarity of the disease, highlighting the importance of minimum technical requirements for MRI protocols, particularly image resolution, and finally determining the role of mpMRI in the assessment of penile cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta D. Switlyk
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
| | - Andreas Hopland
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Edmund Reitan
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
| | - Shivanthe Sivanesan
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (KlinMED), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Brennhovd
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Ulrika Axcrona
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Knut H. Hole
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (KlinMED), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
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Ishikawa K, Sasaki H, Shimoyama H, Yamagishi M, Sugishita H, Hashimoto Y, Ichimura Y, Doguchi A, Oshinomi K, Morita J. Urethral hemangioma: How to investigate as a cause of hematuria after male sexual activities. IJU Case Rep 2023; 6:454-457. [PMID: 37928305 PMCID: PMC10622190 DOI: 10.1002/iju5.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Urethral hemangioma is an extremely rare occurrence and is not typically considered a common cause of hematuria. Since 2000, only 22 male cases have been reported. Case presentation A 45-year-old man presented with recurrent painless gross hematuria and the passage of blood clots after ejaculation. The patient underwent a transurethral resection of a 6-mm hemangioma. This isolated sessile lesion was situated between the distal end of the verumontanum and the external sphincter, following an induced erection. The patient remained asymptomatic during the 1-month follow-up visit. Conclusion This study included the assessment of patient symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments and the literature review of 22 patients. We propose that relaxation of the external urethral sphincter muscle under general anesthesia and artificially inducing an erection can aid in the identification of urethral hemangiomas near the verumontanum during cystourethroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiyasu Ishikawa
- Department of Urology Yokohama Shin-midori General Hospital Yokohama Japan
| | - Haruaki Sasaki
- Department of Urology Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital Yokohama Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimoyama
- Department of Urology Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital Yokohama Japan
| | | | - Hiroo Sugishita
- Department of Urology Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital Yokohama Japan
| | - Yu Hashimoto
- Department of Urology Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital Yokohama Japan
| | - Yuki Ichimura
- Department of Urology Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital Yokohama Japan
| | - Ayana Doguchi
- Department of Urology Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital Yokohama Japan
| | | | - Jun Morita
- Department of Urology Showa University Hospital Tokyo Japan
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Pal AK, Naredi BK, Manikandan R, Kalra S, Jindal B, Koya N. Recurrent Hemangioma of the Penile Urethra - An Unusual Etiology of Gross Hematuria Managed Successfully with Holmium Laser Coagulation. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 2023; 28:62-65. [PMID: 36910291 PMCID: PMC9997577 DOI: 10.4103/jiaps.jiaps_96_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Urethral hemangioma is a benign uncommon vascular tumor. It presents with hematuria and macroscopic urethrorrhagia. Urethrocystoscopy is the main diagnostic modality. We share the case of a 14-year-old male child who presented with recurrent massive hematuria and was treated with urethra-cystoscopic holmium laser coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Kumar Pal
- Department of Urology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Puducherry, India
| | - Bikash Kumar Naredi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Puducherry, India
| | - Ramanitharan Manikandan
- Department of Urology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Puducherry, India
| | - Sidhartha Kalra
- Department of Urology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Puducherry, India
| | - Bibekanand Jindal
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Puducherry, India
| | - Naseera Koya
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Puducherry, India
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Qian X, Tao X, Liu H, Ran C, Gong Y, Feng Y. One rare case of posterior urethral hemangioma and review of the literature. Urol Case Rep 2022; 45:102190. [PMID: 36051620 PMCID: PMC9424351 DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2022.102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Liu F, Zhang N, Wu Y, Jiang P, Jiang T, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhai Q, Zou Y, Feng N. The pelvis urinary microbiome in patients with kidney stones and clinical associations. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:336. [PMID: 33153435 PMCID: PMC7643416 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01992-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-held notion that, without urinary tract or circulatory infection, bladder urine and blood are sterile biofluids has been disproven. There have been no previous reports on the kidney pelvis urinary microbiome after bladder disinfection in kidney stone patients. This study aimed to determine whether a kidney pelvis urinary microbiome is present after eliminating the influence of the bladder urinary microbiome, whether the microbiome composition is different in patients with stone kidney pelvis (SKP) and non-stone kidney pelvis (NSKP), and the correlation between SKP and patient clinical characteristics. RESULTS Comparisons of bacterial diversity and community structure exhibited that urine in bladder was similar to SKP and NSKP. However, the comparisons showed that urine samples were different from blood. The most common operational taxonomic units were shared by all three types of urine samples. Corynebacterium was significantly higher in SKP compared to NSKP. Several bacteria were associated with patient characteristics, including Lactobacillus, which was positively correlated with fasting blood glucose, and Prevotella was negatively correlated with BMI. Lactobacillus was significantly higher in SKP compared to blood but not in NSKP compared to blood. CONCLUSIONS The composition of the kidney pelvis urinary microbiome after disinfection of the bladder and its similarity to the bladder microbiome indicate that bladder urine can be used to replace kidney pelvis urine in microbiome research. Additionally, the comparison of SKP and NSKP and clinical associations suggest that the occurrence of kidney stones is responsible for the SKP urinary microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Liu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.,Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Yunhong Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | | | - Yang Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Qixiao Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - Yeqing Zou
- Basic Medical School, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224000, China.
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Wuxi No.2 Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214002, China.
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Huang ZM, Li YF, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Luo Y, Nie ZL, Li K, Feng QX, Liu XD. Clinical characteristics and endoscopic treatment of hematospermia with postcoital hematuria. BMC Urol 2020; 20:78. [PMID: 32600309 PMCID: PMC7325095 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent hematospermia accompanied by postejaculatory hematuria is a very rare phenomenon, has not been well understood in the clinical setting, and usually leads to misdiagnosis and mistreatment. The aim of this study was to summarize the clinical characteristics, etiologic diagnosis, and endoscopic treatment of hematospermia with postcoital hematuria. METHODS We collected the clinical data from 39 patients of hematospermia with postcoital hematuria, who were admitted to our hospital from May 2014 to October 2019. The etiologic diagnostic process and endoscopic surgery were analyzed retrospectively, and we observed and evaluated the efficacy and any complications during follow-up. RESULTS The average age of the 39 patients was 44.1 years (range, 18-61 years), and the disease history ranged from 1 month to 20 years, with a median duration of 24 months. All of the patients were observed by urethrocystoscopy, which showed 38 cases of posterior urethral hemangioma (PUH) or abnormal varicose vessels, and 1 case of anterior urethral hemangioma. Of these, 18 patients underwent transurethral resection of urethral hemangioma, and 21 patients underwent transurethral electrocauterization. Postoperative follow-up ranged from 1 to 56 months, with a median of 16 months. The symptoms disappeared in 37 patients and recurred in 2 patients two to 3 months after the operation. The two recurrent patients were treated again by transurethral electrocauterization, and their symptoms then disappeared. CONCLUSIONS PUH is the most common cause of hematospermia with postejaculatory hematuria. Herein, we demonstrated that transurethral resection or electrocauterization provides a safe, effective, and minimally invasive method for the treatment of PUH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zao-Ming Huang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No.10, Daping Changjiangzhilu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yan-Feng Li
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No.10, Daping Changjiangzhilu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Urology, Chongqing Renji Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400062, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No.10, Daping Changjiangzhilu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yong Luo
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No.10, Daping Changjiangzhilu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Nie
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No.10, Daping Changjiangzhilu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No.10, Daping Changjiangzhilu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Qing-Xing Feng
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No.10, Daping Changjiangzhilu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xu-Dong Liu
- Department of Urology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, No.10, Daping Changjiangzhilu, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, China
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