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Switlyk MD, Hopland A, Reitan E, Sivanesan S, Brennhovd B, Axcrona U, Hole KH. Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Penile Cancer: A Pictorial Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5324. [PMID: 38001583 PMCID: PMC10670261 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in assessing penile cancer is not well defined. However, this modality may be successfully applied for preoperative staging and patient selection; postoperative local and regional surveillance; and assessments of treatment response after oncological therapies. Previous studies have been mostly limited to a few small series evaluating the accuracy of MRI for the preoperative staging of penile cancer. This review discusses the principles of non-erectile mpMRI, including functional techniques and their applications in evaluating the male genital region, along with clinical protocols and technical considerations. The latest clinical classifications and guidelines are reviewed, focusing on imaging recommendations and discussing potential gaps and disadvantages. The development of functional MRI techniques and the extraction of quantitative parameters from these sequences enables the noninvasive assessment of phenotypic and genotypic tumor characteristics. The applications of advanced techniques in penile MRI are yet to be defined. There is a need for prospective trials and feasible multicenter trials due to the rarity of the disease, highlighting the importance of minimum technical requirements for MRI protocols, particularly image resolution, and finally determining the role of mpMRI in the assessment of penile cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta D. Switlyk
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
| | - Andreas Hopland
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Edmund Reitan
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
| | - Shivanthe Sivanesan
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (KlinMED), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Brennhovd
- Department of Urology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.H.); (S.S.); (B.B.)
| | - Ulrika Axcrona
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Knut H. Hole
- Department of Radiology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (E.R.); (K.H.H.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine (KlinMED), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
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Moen CA, Falkenthal TE, Thorkelsen TK, Hopland A, Rio OE, Honoré A, Juliebø-Jones P, Dongre HN, Costea DE, Bostad L, Brennan P, Johansson M, Ferreiro-Iglesias A, Brenner N, Waterboer T, Nygård M, Beisland C. Penile Cancers Attributed to Human Papillomavirus Are Associated with Improved Survival for Node-positive Patients. Findings from a Norwegian Cohort Study Spanning 50 Years. Eur Urol Oncol 2023:S2588-9311(23)00233-X. [PMID: 37949729 DOI: 10.1016/j.euo.2023.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a risk factor for the development of penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC). It remains inconclusive whether HPV-related PSCC has a different prognosis from non-HPV-related PSCC. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between HPV status and survival as well as temporal changes in the proportion of HPV-related PSCC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective cohort of 277 patients treated in Norway between 1973 and 2022 was investigated for HPV DNA in tumor tissue. Clinicopathological variables and disease course were registered. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression were used to investigate the determinants of cancer-specific survival (CSS). The chi-square test for trend in proportions enabled investigation of temporal changes in the HPV-related proportion of PSCC patients treated in Western Norway (n = 211). RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS HPV DNA was detected in tumor tissue from 131 (47%) patients. Stratified by HPV status, 5-yr CSS did not differ between groups (p = 0.37). When investigating only node-positive patients, however, presence of HPV DNA was an independent predictor of better survival in multivariable Cox regression after adjustment for age, nodal stage, and adjuvant therapy (hazard ratio 0.54, 95% confidence interval: [0.30-0.99], p = 0.04). In cases from Western Norway, an increasing proportion of HPV-related cases over time was found (p = 0.01). The main limitation is the retrospective study design. CONCLUSIONS HPV DNA in tumor tissue was associated with significantly better CSS for node-positive patients. The proportion of HPV DNA-positive PSCC has increased significantly in Western Norway over the past 50 yr. PATIENT SUMMARY We investigated the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) on the survival of penile cancer patients treated over a 50-yr period in Norway. We found that for patients with lymph node metastasis, survival was better for HPV-related cases. We also found that the proportion of cases due to HPV has increased in Western Norway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Moen
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | - Tor K Thorkelsen
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andreas Hopland
- Department of Urology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oline E Rio
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Alfred Honoré
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Patrick Juliebø-Jones
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Harsh N Dongre
- The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniela E Costea
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; The Gade Laboratory for Pathology and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Leif Bostad
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Aida Ferreiro-Iglesias
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization (WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Nicole Brenner
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Beisland
- Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Stordahl H, Passas E, Hopland A, Nielsen EW. Nine out of ten trauma calls to a Norwegian hospital are avoidable: a retrospective analysis. BMC Emerg Med 2015; 15:1. [PMID: 25644685 PMCID: PMC4320595 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-015-0026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our aim was to estimate the degree of overtriage (Injury Severity Score [ISS] ≤ 15) of trauma call patients in Nordland Hospital Bodø, Norway. We also determined the transportation time from injury to hospital admission. Methods We used data from our Acute Medical Information System, ambulance records and patient charts relating to ISS and estimation of response and transport times. Data were collected for all trauma call patients in the period from the establishment of the trauma call system in June 2008 until the 31st of December 2010. Results We identified 421 out of 458 possible trauma call patients with sufficient clinical information available for ISS scoring. Of these 385 had an ISS ≤15. Overtriage was 91.5% (95% CI: 88.8%–94.2%). Median time from injury to the arrival of transport, and from injury to arrival in hospital, was 36 minutes and 1 hour 27 minutes, respectively. Conclusions To our knowledge 91.5% is the highest overtriage ever published. There is a need for narrowing the trauma call criteria. This could be achieved by implementing clinical observations during the long transportation time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Stordahl
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nordland Hospital Bodø, Bodø, Norway. .,Department of Prehospital Medical Services, Nordland Hospital Bodø, Bodø, Norway.
| | - Eva Passas
- The University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Andreas Hopland
- Department of Surgery, Nordland Hospital Bodø, Bodø, Norway.
| | - Erik Waage Nielsen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nordland Hospital Bodø, Bodø, Norway. .,The Universities of Nordland and Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.
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