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Kang P, Kim SJ, Park HJ, Kim IC, Han SJ, Yim JH. Optimization of Culture Medium for the Production of an Exopolysaccharide (p-CY02) with Cryoprotective Activity by Pseudoalteromonas sp. RosPo-2 from the Antarctic Sea. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1135-1145. [PMID: 38533592 PMCID: PMC11180913 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2402.02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
When cells are exposed to freezing temperatures, high concentrations of cryoprotective agents (CPA) prevent ice crystal formation, thus enhancing cell survival. However, high concentrations of CPAs can also cause cell toxicity. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from polar marine environments exhibit lower toxicity and display effects similar to traditional CPA. In this study, we sought to address these issues by i) selecting strains that produce EPS with novel cryoprotective activity, and ii) optimizing culture conditions for EPS production. Sixty-six bacteria producing mucous substances were isolated from the Ross Sea (Antarctic Ocean) using solid marine agar plates. Among them, Pseudoalteromonas sp. RosPo-2 was ultimately selected based on the rheological properties of the produced EPS (p-CY02). Cryoprotective activity experiments demonstrated that p-CY02 exhibited significantly cryoprotective activity at a concentration of 0.8% (w/v) on mammalian cells (HaCaT). This activity was further improved when combined with various concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) compared to using DMSO alone. Moreover, the survival rate of HaCaT cells treated with 5% (v/v) DMSO and 0.8% (w/v) p-CY02 was measured at 87.9 ± 2.8% after freezing treatment. This suggests that p-CY02 may be developed as a more effective, less toxic, and novel non-permeating CPA. To enhance the production of EPS with cryoprotective activity, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was implemented, resulting in a 1.64-fold increase in production of EPS with cryoprotective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilsung Kang
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Kim
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Ju Park
- CRYOTECH Inc., Busan 46744, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Chan Kim
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jong Han
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung Han Yim
- Development of Biomaterials from Polar Region, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Republic of Korea
- CRYOTECH Inc., Busan 46744, Republic of Korea
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2
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Xu R, Shi X, Huang H, Tan WS, Cai H. Development of a Me 2SO-free cryopreservation medium and its long-term cryoprotection on the CAR-NK cells. Cryobiology 2024; 114:104835. [PMID: 38070820 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation is a crucial step in the supply process of off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor engineered natural killer (CAR-NK) cell products. Concerns have been raised over the clinical application of dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) due to the potential for adverse reactions following infusion and limited cell-specific cytotoxic effects if misapplied. In this study, we developed a Me2SO-free cryopreservation medium specifically tailored for CAR-NK cells to address this limitation. The cryopreservation medium was formulated using human serum albumin (HSA) and glycerol as the base components. Following initial screening of seven clinically-compatible solutions, four with cryoprotective properties were identified. These were combined and optimized into a single formulation: IF-M. The viability, phenotype, and function of CAR-NK cells were evaluated after short-term and long-term cryopreservation to assess the effectiveness of IF-M, with Me2SO serving as the control group. The viability and recovery of CAR-NK cells in the IF-M group were significantly higher than those in the Me2SO group within 90 days of cryopreservation. Moreover, after 1 year of cryopreservation the cytotoxic capacity of CAR-NK cells cryopreserved with IF-M was comparable to that of fresh CAR-NK cells and significantly superior to that of CAR-NK cells cryopreserved in Me2SO. The CD107a expression intensity of CAR-NK cells in IF-M group was significantly higher than that of Me2SO group. No statistical differences were observed in other indicators under different cryopreservation times. These results underscore the robustness of IF-M as a suitable replacement for traditional Me2SO-based cryopreservation medium for the long-term cryopreservation and clinical application of off-the-shelf CAR-NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruisheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Xiaodi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Huimin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Wen-Song Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Haibo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
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3
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Klbik I, Čechová K, Milovská S, Švajdlenková H, Maťko I, Lakota J, Šauša O. Polyethylene glycol 400 enables plunge-freezing cryopreservation of human keratinocytes. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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4
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Sun Y, Maltseva D, Liu J, Hooker T, Mailänder V, Ramløv H, DeVries AL, Bonn M, Meister K. Ice Recrystallization Inhibition Is Insufficient to Explain Cryopreservation Abilities of Antifreeze Proteins. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:1214-1220. [PMID: 35080878 PMCID: PMC8924859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) and glycoproteins (AFGPs) are exemplary at modifying ice crystal growth and at inhibiting ice recrystallization (IRI) in frozen solutions. These properties make them highly attractive for cold storage and cryopreservation applications of biological tissue, food, and other water-based materials. The specific requirements for optimal cryostorage remain unknown, but high IRI activity has been proposed to be crucial. Here, we show that high IRI activity alone is insufficient to explain the beneficial effects of AF(G)Ps on human red blood cell (hRBC) survival. We show that AF(G)Ps with different IRI activities cause similar cell recoveries of hRBCs and that a modified AFGP variant with decreased IRI activity shows increased cell recovery. The AFGP variant was found to have enhanced interactions with a hRBC model membrane, indicating that the capability to stabilize cell membranes is another important factor for increasing the survival of cells after cryostorage. This information should be considered when designing novel synthetic cryoprotectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Sun
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Daria Maltseva
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Theordore Hooker
- University of Alaska Southeast, Juneau, Alaska 99801, United States
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Dermatology Department, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Arthur L DeVries
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Konrad Meister
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,University of Alaska Southeast, Juneau, Alaska 99801, United States
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5
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Li R, Walsh P, Truong V, Petersen A, Dutton JR, Hubel A. Differentiation of Human iPS Cells Into Sensory Neurons Exhibits Developmental Stage-Specific Cryopreservation Challenges. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:796960. [PMID: 34970550 PMCID: PMC8712858 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.796960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) generates cell phenotypes valuable for cell therapy and personalized medicine. Successful translation of these hiPSC-derived therapeutic products will rely upon effective cryopreservation at multiple stages of the manufacturing cycle. From the perspective of cryobiology, we attempted to understand how the challenge of cryopreservation evolves between cell phenotypes along an hiPSC-to-sensory neuron differentiation trajectory. Cells were cultivated at three different stages to represent intermediate, differentiated, and matured cell products. All cell stages remained ≥90% viable in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-free formulation but suffered ≥50% loss in DMSO before freezing. Raman spectroscopy revealed higher sensitivity to undercooling in hiPSC-derived neuronal cells with lower membrane fluidity and higher sensitivity to suboptimal cooling rates in stem cell developmental stages with larger cell bodies. Highly viable and functional sensory neurons were obtained following DMSO-free cryopreservation. Our study also demonstrated that dissociating adherent cultures plays an important role in the ability of cells to survive and function after cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Patrick Walsh
- Anatomic Incorporated, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Ashley Petersen
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - James R. Dutton
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Allison Hubel
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Domaszewska-Szostek A, Gewartowska M, Stanczyk M, Narowska B, Moscicka-Wesołowska M, Olszewski WL. An Anhydrous Sodium Chloride Skin Preservation Model for Studies on Keratinocytes Grafting into the Wounds. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122078. [PMID: 34959359 PMCID: PMC8705222 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Human skin is needed for covering large body areas lost by trauma. The shortcomings of contemporary methods of skin storage are limited preservation time and high immunogenicity if allogeneic. Methods. We investigated whether long-lasting skin preservation in anhydrous sodium chloride (NaCl) may be the source of keratinocytes (KCs) for transplantation. Dehydrated skin fragments were preserved for a time frame from 1 week to 12 months. Then, skin fragments were rehydrated, and KCs were isolated. The viability of KCs was assessed in viability/cytotoxicity test. NaCl-preserved KCs were cultured for 7 days and transplanted to the dorsum of SCID mice. Results. The morphology of NaCl-preserved KCs was unaltered. KCs from all epidermal layers could be identified. All grafts were accepted by the recipients. Transplanted KCs: synthesized keratins 10 and 16 expressed antigens specific for stem cells and transient-amplifying cells, and remained HLA-I-positive. Moreover, they expressed the proliferative marker PCNA. Cells isolated from transplants remained viable and produced enzymes. Conclusions. Transplantation of KCs obtained from human skin and stored in anhydrous NaCl may be considered for the closure of extensive skin wounds. The originality of this method consists of an effective storage procedure and easy preparation of keratinocytes for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Domaszewska-Szostek
- Department of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Magdalena Gewartowska
- Electron Microscopy Research Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marek Stanczyk
- Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Beata Narowska
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Maria Moscicka-Wesołowska
- Department of Surgical Research and Transplantology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.-W.); (W.L.O.)
| | - Waldemar Lech Olszewski
- Department of Surgical Research and Transplantology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.-W.); (W.L.O.)
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7
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Cryopreservation of NK and T Cells Without DMSO for Adoptive Cell-Based Immunotherapy. BioDrugs 2021; 35:529-545. [PMID: 34427899 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-021-00494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Dimethylsufoxide (DMSO) being universally used as a cryoprotectant in clinical adoptive cell-therapy settings to treat hematological malignancies and solid tumors is a growing concern, largely due to its broad toxicities. Its use has been associated with significant clinical side effects-cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, and allergic-in patients receiving infusions of cell-therapy products. DMSO has also been associated with altered expression of natural killer (NK) and T-cell markers and their in vivo function, not to mention difficulties in scaling up DMSO-based cryoprotectants, which introduce manufacturing challenges for autologous and allogeneic cellular therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T and CAR-NK cell therapies. Interest in developing alternatives to DMSO has resulted in the evaluation of a variety of sugars, proteins, polymers, amino acids, and other small molecules and osmolytes as well as modalities to efficiently enable cellular uptake of these cryoprotectants. However, the DMSO-free cryopreservation of NK and T cells remains difficult. They represent heterogeneous cell populations that are sensitive to freezing and thawing. As a result, clinical use of cryopreserved cell-therapy products has not moved past the use of DMSO. Here, we present the state of the art in the development and use of cryopreservation options that do not contain DMSO toward clinical solutions to enable the global deployment of safer adoptively transferred cell-based therapies.
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8
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Bissoyi A, Braslavsky I. Adherent cell thawing by infrared radiation. Cryobiology 2021; 103:129-140. [PMID: 34400151 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of adherent cells is crucial for commercial cell therapy technology, including effective distribution and storage. Fast thawing has been shown to increase cell recovery in vitrified samples. Previously, radiofrequency (RF) has been investigated as a heating source on large samples, either with or without magnetic particles. Also, laser heating with the aid of dye or nanoparticles has been utilized on sub-millimeter samples successfully. For slow freezing cryopreservation methods, the influence of rate of thawing on viability is less clear. Cryopreservation of surface adhered cells result in many cases in detachment from the surface. We illustrate how intense infrared radiation from a focused halogen illuminator accelerates thawing. We show that two epithelial cell lines, retinal pigment epithelium cells and heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, can be effectively cryopreserved and recovered using a combination of slow freezing and fast thawing under infrared illumination. We were able to successfully thaw samples, of 2-4 mm thick, including the media, on the order of a second, providing a heating rate of thousands of Kelvin per minute. Under optimal conditions, we observed higher post-thawing cell viability rates and higher cell adhesion with infrared thawing than with water bath thawing. We suggest that bulk warming with infrared radiation has an advantage over surface warming of surface-attached cells, as it alleviates cell stress during the process of thawing. These findings will pave the way for novel approaches to treating substrate-adhered cells and 3D scaffolds with cells and organoids. This technology may serve as a crucial component in lab-on-chip systems for medical testing and therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akalabya Bissoyi
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science, and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
| | - Ido Braslavsky
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science, and Nutrition, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
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Marquez-Curtis LA, Bokenfohr R, McGann LE, Elliott JAW. Cryopreservation of human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells and astrocytes in suspension and monolayers. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249814. [PMID: 33852594 PMCID: PMC8046249 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) keeps pathogens and toxins out of the brain but also impedes the entry of pharmaceuticals. Human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMECs) and astrocytes are the main functional cell components of the BBB. Although available commercially as cryopreserved cells in suspension, improvements in their cryopreservation and distribution as cryopreserved monolayers could enhance BBB in vitro studies. Here, we examined the response to slow cooling and storage in liquid nitrogen of immortalized hCMEC/D3 cells and human primary astrocytes in suspension and in monolayers. HCMEC/D3 cells in suspension cryopreserved in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 95% fetal bovine serum or in 5% DMSO and 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) showed post-thaw membrane integrities above 90%, similar to unfrozen control. Cryopreservation did not affect the time-dependent ability of hCMEC/D3 cells to form tubes on Matrigel. Primary astrocytes in suspension cryopreserved in the presence of 5% DMSO and 6% HES had improved viability over those cryopreserved in 10% DMSO. Monolayers of single cultures or co-cultures of hCMEC/D3 cells and astrocytes on fibronectin-coated Rinzl coverslips retained membrane integrities and metabolic function, after freezing in 5% DMSO, 6% HES, and 2% chondroitin sulfate, that were comparable to those of unfrozen controls even after overnight incubation. Rinzl is better than glass or Thermanox as an underlying solid substrate for cryopreserving hCMEC/D3 monolayers. Cryopreserved hCMEC/D3 monolayers expressed the junction proteins ZO-1 and claudin-5 similar to their unfrozen counterparts. Hence, we describe improved cryopreservation protocols for hCMEC/D3 cells and astrocytes in suspension, and a novel protocol for the cryopreservation of monolayers of hCMEC/D3 cells and astrocytes as single cultures or co-cultures that could expand their distribution for research on disease modeling, drug screening, and targeted therapy pertaining to the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A. Marquez-Curtis
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Reid Bokenfohr
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Locksley E. McGann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Janet A. W. Elliott
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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10
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Inactivated Nevus Tissue with High Hydrostatic Pressure Treatment Used as a Dermal Substitute after a 28-Day Cryopreservation Period. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3485189. [PMID: 33681354 PMCID: PMC7929648 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3485189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Giant congenital melanocytic nevi (GCMN) treatment remains controversial. While surgical resection is the best option for complete removal, skin shortage to reconstruct the skin defect remains an issue. We report a novel treatment using a high hydrostatic pressurization (HHP) technique and a cryopreservation procedure. However, cryopreservation may inhibit revascularization of implanted nevus tissue and cultured epidermal autograft (CEA) take. We aimed to investigate the influence of the cryopreservation procedure on the HHP-treated dermis specimen and CEA take on cryopreserved tissue. Methods Nevus tissue harvested from a patient with GCMN was inactivated with HHP of 200 MPa and then cryopreserved at -30°C for 28 days. The cryopreserved specimen was compared with fresh (HHP-treated without cryopreservation) tissue and with untreated (without HHP treatment) tissue to evaluate the extracellular matrix, basal membranes, and capillaries. Cultured epidermis (CE) take on the cryopreserved tissue was evaluated following implantation of the cryopreserved nevus tissue with CE into the subcutis of nude mice. Results No difference was observed between cryopreserved and fresh tissue in terms of collagen or elastic fibers, dermal capillaries, or basement membranes at the epidermal-dermal junction. In 4 of 6 samples (67%), applied CE took on the nevus tissues and regenerated the epidermis in the cryopreserved group compared with 5 of 6 samples (83%) in the fresh group. Conclusion Cryopreservation at -30°C for 28 days did not result in significant damage to inactivated nevus tissue, and applied CE on the cryopreserved nevus tissues took and regenerated the epidermis. Inactivated nevus tissue with HHP can be used as a dermal substitute after 28-day cryopreservation.
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11
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Sakamoto M, Ogino S, Shimizu Y, Inoie M, Lee S, Yamanaka H, Tsuge I, Saito S, Morimoto N. Human cultured epidermis accelerates wound healing regardless of its viability in a diabetic mouse model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237985. [PMID: 32822395 PMCID: PMC7442243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic cultured epidermis (allo-CE) is a cultured keratinocyte sheet manufactured from donor cells and promotes wound healing when used in deep dermal burns, donor sites, and chronic ulcers and serves as a wound dressing. Allo-CE is usually cryopreserved to be ready to use. However, the cryopreservation procedure will damage the cell viability, and the influence of Allo-CE, according to its viability or wound healing process, has not been evaluated sufficiently. In this study, we aimed to prove the influence of keratinocyte viability contained in allo-CEs on wound healing. We prepared CEs with Green’s method using keratinocytes obtained from a polydactyly patient and then prepared four kinds of CEs with different cell viabilities [fresh, cryopreserved, frozen, and FT (freeze and thaw)]. The cell viabilities of fresh, cryopreserved, frozen, and FT CEs were 95.7%, 59.9%, 16.7%, and 0.0%, respectively. The four CEs had homogeneous characteristics, except for small gaps found in the FT sheet by transmission electron microscopy observation. The four CEs were applied on the full-thickness skin defect of diabetic mice (BKS.Cg-Dock 7m +/+ Leprdb/Jcl), and the wound area and neoepithelium length were evaluated on days 4, 7, and 14. As a result, FT CEs without viable cells similarly promoted epithelialization on days 4 and 7 (p<0.05) and accelerated wound closure on day 7 (p<0.01) as fresh CEs compared with the control group. In conclusion, the promoting effect of allo-CE on wound healing does not depend on cell viability. Lyophilized CEs may be a suitable wound dressing with a long storage period at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiharu Sakamoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shuichi Ogino
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | | | | | - Sunghee Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamanaka
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Itaru Tsuge
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Susumu Saito
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Morimoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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12
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Burkey AA, Hillsley A, Harris DT, Baltzegar JR, Zhang DY, Sprague WW, Rosales AM, Lynd NA. Mechanism of Polymer-Mediated Cryopreservation Using Poly(methyl glycidyl sulfoxide). Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3047-3055. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A. Burkey
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Alexander Hillsley
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Dale T. Harris
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Jacob R. Baltzegar
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Diana Y. Zhang
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - William W. Sprague
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Adrianne M. Rosales
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Nathaniel A. Lynd
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
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13
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Awan M, Buriak I, Fleck R, Fuller B, Goltsev A, Kerby J, Lowdell M, Mericka P, Petrenko A, Petrenko Y, Rogulska O, Stolzing A, Stacey GN. Dimethyl sulfoxide: a central player since the dawn of cryobiology, is efficacy balanced by toxicity? Regen Med 2020; 15:1463-1491. [PMID: 32342730 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is the cryoprotectant of choice for most animal cell systems since the early history of cryopreservation. It has been used for decades in many thousands of cell transplants. These treatments would not have taken place without suitable sources of DMSO that enabled stable and safe storage of bone marrow and blood cells until needed for transfusion. Nevertheless, its effects on cell biology and apparent toxicity in patients have been an ongoing topic of debate, driving the search for less cytotoxic cryoprotectants. This review seeks to place the toxicity of DMSO in context of its effectiveness. It will also consider means of reducing its toxic effects, the alternatives to its use and their readiness for active use in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maooz Awan
- Institute for Liver & Digestive Health, UCL Division of Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, UCL, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Iryna Buriak
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology & Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61016, Kharkiv
| | - Roland Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Barry Fuller
- Department of Surgical Biotechnology, UCL Division of Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, UCL, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Anatoliy Goltsev
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology & Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61016, Kharkiv
| | - Julie Kerby
- Cell & Gene Therapy Catapult, 12th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mark Lowdell
- Centre for Cell, Gene & Tissue Therapy, Royal Free London NHS FT & UCL, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Pavel Mericka
- Tissue Bank, University Hospital Hradec Kralové, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Petrenko
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology & Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61016, Kharkiv
| | - Yuri Petrenko
- Department of Biomaterials & Biophysical Methods, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olena Rogulska
- Institute for Problems of Cryobiology & Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61016, Kharkiv
| | - Alexandra Stolzing
- University of Loughborough, Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Holywell Park, Loughborough, UK
| | - Glyn N Stacey
- International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, 2 High Street, Barley, Hertfordshire, SG8 8HZ
- Beijing Stem Cell Bank, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 25–2 Beishuan West, Haidan District, 100190 Beijing, China
- Institute of Stem Cells & Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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14
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Rogulska O, Tykhvynska O, Revenko O, Grischuk V, Mazur S, Volkova N, Vasyliev R, Petrenko A, Petrenko Y. Novel Cryopreservation Approach Providing Off-the-Shelf Availability of Human Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Clinical Applications. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4150690. [PMID: 31885604 PMCID: PMC6907044 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4150690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation is the only established method to provide long-term storage and fast availability of cellular product for therapeutic applications. The overwhelming majority of cryopreservation media contain toxic concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) limiting the possibility for the direct administration of cryopreserved cells to the patients. Here, we propose a novel approach for nontoxic xeno-free cryopreservation of human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) aimed at ensuring high viability, ready-to-use availability, and localized delivery of the cell-based graft into damaged tissues. For MSC cryopreservation, we applied sucrose pretreatment procedure and xeno-free cryoprotective medium containing human platelet-poor blood plasma (PPP), sucrose, and nontoxic concentration of DMSO. Using the combination of PPP, 0.2 M sucrose, and 1% DMSO, the recovery rate of cryopreserved MSCs reached 73% of the values obtained for noncryopreserved cells. Moreover, the presence of PPP in the cryoprotective medium provided the possibility to create a ready-to-use 3D hydrogel for the localized delivery and additional support of MSCs in vivo. In a proof-of-concept study, we assessed the regenerative capacity of cryopreserved MSCs in a full-thickness wound model in mice. The positive impact of MSCs within 3D gel on wound healing rates was confirmed by morphometric and histological examinations. Our results demonstrate the possibility to apply cryopreserved cells immediately after thawing using a cryoprotective medium as the vehicle solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Rogulska
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Olga Tykhvynska
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Revenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Viktor Grischuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Svitlana Mazur
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Volkova
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Vasyliev
- State Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Medicine, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 04114, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Petrenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Yuriy Petrenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pereyaslavska 23, 61015 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Department of Biomaterials and Biophysical Methods, Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR v.v.i, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic
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15
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Zhao H, Wu S. The Effect of Endothelial Cells on UVB-induced DNA Damage and Transformation of Keratinocytes In 3D Polycaprolactone Scaffold Co-culture System. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:338-344. [PMID: 30160308 PMCID: PMC6347483 DOI: 10.1111/php.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide ( <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>NO</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>·</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> ) plays an important role in the regulation of redox balance in keratinocytes post-UVB exposure. Since endothelial cells releases <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>NO</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>·</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> for a prolonged time post-UVB, we determined whether human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) could have an effect on UVB-induced DNA damage and transformation of their adjacent keratinocytes (HaCaT) using a 3D cell co-culturing system. Our data show that the levels of DNA breaks and/or cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) along with γH2AX are higher in the co-cultured than in the mono-cultured keratinocytes post-UVB. The <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>NO</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>·</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> level in the co-cultured cells is increased approximately 3-fold more than in mono-cultured HaCaT cells within 1-hour post-UVB but then is reduced quickly in co-cultured HaCaT cells comparing to mono-cultured cells from 6 to 24 h post-UVB. However, the peroxynitrite (ONOO- ) level is higher in the co-cultured than in the mono-cultured HaCaT cells in whole period post-UVB. Furthermore, while expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is increased, the ratio of coupled/uncoupled eNOS is reduced in co-cultured HaCaT cells compared to mono-cultured HaCaT cells. Finally, the co-cultured cells have a significantly increased transformation efficiency after repeating UVB exposure compared to mono-culture HaCaT cells. Our results suggest that endothelial cells could enhance <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>NO</mml:mi></mml:mrow> <mml:mo>·</mml:mo></mml:msup> </mml:math> /ONOO- imbalance and promote transformation of adjacent keratinocytes.
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