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Hellal MS, El-Kamah HM, Doma HS. High-performance internal circulation anaerobic granular sludge reactor for cattle slaughterhouse wastewater treatment and simultaneous biogas production. BMC Biotechnol 2024; 24:29. [PMID: 38720285 PMCID: PMC11080252 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-024-00849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This research investigates the efficacy of a high-performance pilot-scale Internal Circulation Anaerobic Reactor inoculated with Granular Sludge (ICAGSR) for treating cattle slaughterhouse wastewater while concurrently generating biogas. The primary objective is to assess the efficiency and performance of ICAGSR in terms of organic pollutant removal and biogas production using granular anaerobic sludge. The research methodology entails operating the ICAGSR system under ambient conditions and systematically varying key parameters, including different Hydraulic Retention Times (HRTs) (24, 12, and 8 h) and Organic Loading Rates (OLRs) (3.3, 6.14, and 12.83 kg COD/m³. d). The study focuses on evaluating pollutants' removal and biogas production rates. Results reveal that the ICAGSR system achieves exceptional removal efficiency for organic pollutants, with Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal exceeding 74%, 67%, and 68% at HRTs of 24, 12, and 8 h, respectively. Furthermore, the system demonstrates stable and sustainable biogas production, maintaining average methane contents of 80%, 76%, and 72% throughout the experimental period. The successful operation of the ICAGSR system underscores its potential as a viable technology for treating cattle slaughterhouse wastewater and generating renewable biogas. In conclusion, this study contributes to wastewater treatment and renewable energy production by providing a comprehensive analysis of the ICAGSR system's hydrodynamic properties. The research enhances our understanding of the system's performance optimization under varying conditions, emphasizing the benefits of utilizing ICAGSR reactors with granular sludge as an effective and sustainable approach. Identifying current gaps, future research directions aim to further refine and broaden the application of ICAGSR technology in wastewater treatment and renewable energy initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Saad Hellal
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behooth St, Dokki, Cairo, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt.
| | - Hala M El-Kamah
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behooth St, Dokki, Cairo, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
| | - Hala Salah Doma
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Behooth St, Dokki, Cairo, P.O. Box 12622, Egypt
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Shi Z, Xing K, Rameezdeen R, Chow CWK. Current trends and future directions of global research on wastewater to energy: a bibliometric analysis and review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:20792-20813. [PMID: 38400981 PMCID: PMC10948484 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents a structured bibliometric analysis and review of the research publications recorded in the Web of Science database from 2000 to 2023 to methodically examine the landscape and development of the 'wastewater to energy' research field in relation to global trends, potential hotspots, and future research directions. The study highlights three main research themes in 'wastewater to energy', which are biogas production through anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge, methane generation from microbial wastewater treatment, and hydrogen production from biomass. The analysis reveals activated sludge, biochar, biomethane, biogas upgrading, hydrogen, and circular economy as key topics increasingly gaining momentum in recent research publications as well as representing potential future research directions. The findings also signify transformation to SDGs and circular economy practices, through the integration of on-site renewables and biogas upgrading for energy self-sufficiency, optimising energy recovery from wastewater treatment systems, and fostering research and innovation in 'wastewater to energy' supported by policy incentives. By shedding light on emerging trends, cross-cutting themes, and potential policy implications, this study contributes to informing both knowledge and practices of the 'wastewater to energy' research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhining Shi
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Ke Xing
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
| | - Rameez Rameezdeen
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
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3
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Dong SY, Luo JC, Chen G, Tian S, Sun H, Xiao XZ, Zhu YC. Enhancement of volatile fatty acids production through anaerobic co-digestion of navel orange residue and waste activated sludge: Effect of pre-treatment and substrate proportions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19777. [PMID: 37809971 PMCID: PMC10559115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the co-digestion system with Navel orange residues (NOR) and Waste activated sludge (WAS) was established, by pre-treating the NOR and setting different volatile solids (VS) ratios of NOR to WAS to motivate the production of volatile fatty acids (VFA). The pre-treatment method (pH 7 and temperature 70 °C) promoted the release of dissolved organic matter, and the concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) increased by 45.56% compared with the untreated group (pH 3 and temperature 20 °C). In the co-digestion system, the highest VFA yield (5716.69 mg/L) was obtained at VS ratio of 2. When the VS ratio was increased to 4, the imbalance in proportions of carbon and nitrogen affected VFA production, and the high concentration of essential oils (EO) present in the NOR inhibited the methane production; the cumulative yield of methane gas decreased by 24.10% compared with the yield obtained when the VS ratio was 2. Analysis of microbial community revealed that an increase in the number of VFA-producing microbial populations and the abundance of Methanobacteria resulted in the accumulation of acetic acid. This study demonstrated that co-digestion of NOR with WAS improve VFA production, thus realizing the utilization of solid wastes and reducing environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yan Dong
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Jiangxi Province Ganzhou key laboratory of Basin pollution simulation and Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jin-Cai Luo
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Shuai Tian
- School of Resources Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Hong Sun
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiang-Zhe Xiao
- School of Civil and Surveying & Mapping Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yi-Chun Zhu
- Jiangxi Province Ganzhou key laboratory of Basin pollution simulation and Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Jiangxi provincial key laboratory of environmental geo-technology and engineering disaster Control, Ganzhou, 341000, China
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4
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Bella K, Pilli S, Venkateswara Rao P. A comparison of ultrasonic, ozone, and enzyme pre-treatments on cheese whey degradation for enhancement of anaerobic digestion. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 340:117960. [PMID: 37119622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Lactose in cheese whey wastewater (CWW) makes it difficult to degrade under normal conditions. The effect of ultra-sonication (US), ozonation and enzymatic hydrolysis on increasing the bioavailability of organic matter in CWW and biogas production were evaluated. The pre-treatment conditions were: specific energy input varied from 2130 to 8773KJ/KgTS for a sonication time of 4.5-18.5 min, Ozone (O3) dosages ranging from 0.03 to 0.045gO3/gTS were applied for 4-16 min, pH (3.8-7.1), temperature (35°C-55°C), enzyme dosage (0.18-0.52%), was operated from 7.75 to 53 min for enzymatic hydrolysis by β-galactosidase. The results of the US reported a maximum sCOD solubilisation of 77.15% after 18.5 min of operation, while the corresponding values for ozonation and enzymatic methods were 64.8% at 16 min and 54.79%, respectively. The organic matter degradation rates evaluated in terms of protein and lactose hydrolysis were 68.78%,46.03%; 47.83%,16.15% and 54.22%,86.2%respectively, for US, ozonation and enzymatic methods. The cumulative methane yield for sonicated, ozonised and enzymatically hydrolysed samples were 412.4 ml/g VS, 361.2 ml/g VS and 432.3mlCH4/gVS, respectively. Regardless of the lower COD solubilisation rates attained, enzymatic pre-treatment showed maximum methane generation compared to US and ozonation. This could be attributable to the increased activity of β-galactosidase in hydrolysing whey lactose. The energy calculations revealed that the pre-conditioning of organic-rich CWW with enzymatic hydrolysis is more effective and efficient, yielding a net energy gain (gross output energy-input energy) of 9166.7 KJ and an energy factor (ratio of output to input energy) of 6.67. The modified Gompertz model well simulated all experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bella
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India.
| | - Sridhar Pilli
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India.
| | - P Venkateswara Rao
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India.
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Amoohadi V, Pasalari H, Esrafili A, Gholami M, Farzadkia M. A comparative study on polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and Moringa oleifera (MO) chemically enhanced primary treatment (CEPT) in enhanced biogas production: anaerobic digestion performance and the Gompertz model. RSC Adv 2023; 13:17121-17129. [PMID: 37304783 PMCID: PMC10251396 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02112b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparative study was performed to estimate biogas production from sludge produced by organic and inorganic chemically enhanced primary treatments (CEPTs). To this end, the effects of two coagulants, polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and Moringa oleifera (MO), on CEPT and biogas production in anaerobic digestion were surveyed within an incubation period of 24 days. The optimal dosage and pH of PACl and MO were optimized in terms of sCOD, TSS and VS parameters in the CEPT process. Next, the digestion performance of anaerobic digestion reactors fed with sludge obtained from PACl and MO coagulants at a batch mesophilic reactor (37 ± 1 °C) was surveyed from the biogas production, volatile solid reduction (VSR) and Gompertz model. At the optimal conditions (pH = 7 and dosage = 5 mg L-1), the removal efficiency of COD, TSS and VS in CEPT assisted with PACL was 63, 81 and 56%, respectively. Moreover, CEPT assisted with MO led to the removal efficiency of COD, TSS and VS until 55, 68 and 25%, respectively. The highest methane yield (0.598 L gVS removed-1) was obtained in an anaerobic digestion reactor with sludge from the MO coagulant. The anaerobic digestion of CEPT sludge instead of primary sludge resulted in higher sCOD removal efficiency, and 43-50% of sCOD was observed compared with the removal of 32% for the primary sludge. Furthermore, the high coefficient of determination (R2) demonstrated the trustworthy predictive precision of the modified Gompertz model with actual data. The combination of CEPT and anaerobic digestion, especially using natural coagulants, provides a cost-effective and practical way to increase BMP from primary sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Amoohadi
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran +98218607941 +98218607941
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hasan Pasalari
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran +98218607941 +98218607941
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran +98218607941 +98218607941
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mitra Gholami
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran +98218607941 +98218607941
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mahdi Farzadkia
- Research Center for Environmental Health Technology, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran +98218607941 +98218607941
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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Rakić N, Šušteršič V, Gordić D, Jovičić N, Bošković G, Bogdanović I. Characteristics of Biogas Production and Synergistic Effect of Primary Sludge and Food Waste Co-Digestion. BIOENERGY RESEARCH 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37359289 PMCID: PMC10241376 DOI: 10.1007/s12155-023-10620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Co-digestion implementation in wastewater treatment plants enhances biogas yield, so this research investigated the optimal ratio of biodegradable waste and sewage sludge. The increase in biogas production was investigated through batch tests using basic BMP equipment, while synergistic effects were evaluated by chemical oxygen demand (COD) balance. Analyses were performed in four volume basis ratios (3/1, 1/1, 1/3, 1/0) of primary sludge and food waste with added low food waste: 3.375%, 4.675%, and 5.35%, respectively. The best proportion was found to be 1/3 with the maximum biogas production (618.7 mL/g VS added) and the organic removal of 52.8% COD elimination. The highest enhancement rate was observed among co-digs 3/1 and 1/1 (105.72 mL/g VS). A positive correlation between biogas yield and COD removal is noticed while microbial flux required an optimal pH, value of 8 significantly decreased daily production rate. COD reductions further supported the synergistic impact; specifically, an additional 7.1%, 12.8%, and 17% of COD were converted into biogas during the co-digestions 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Three mathematical models were applied to estimate the kinetic parameters and check the accuracy of the experiment. The first-order model with a hydrolysis rate of 0.23-0.27 indicated rapidly biodegradable co-/substrates, modified Gompertz confirmed immediate commencement of co-digs through zero lag phase, while the Cone model had the best fit of over 99% for all trials. Finally, the study points out that the COD method based on linear dependence can be used for developing relatively accurate model for biogas potential estimation in anaerobic digestors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12155-023-10620-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Rakić
- Department for Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vanja Šušteršič
- Department for Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dušan Gordić
- Department for Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Jovičić
- Department for Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Goran Bošković
- Department for Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan Bogdanović
- Public Utility Company “Water Supply and Sewerage” Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Zhao Y, Yang Z, Niu J, Du Z, Federica C, Zhu Z, Yang K, Li Y, Zhao B, Pedersen TH, Liu C, Emmanuel M. Systematical analysis of sludge treatment and disposal technologies for carbon footprint reduction. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 128:224-249. [PMID: 36801037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to comprehensively analyze the Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emissions from current sewage sludge treatment and disposal technologies (building material, landfill, land spreading, anaerobic digestion, and thermochemical processes) based on the database of Science Citation Index (SCI) and Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) from 1998 to 2020. The general patterns, spatial distribution, and hotspots were provided by bibliometric analysis. A comparative quantitative analysis based on life cycle assessment (LCA) put forward the current emission situation and the key influencing factors of different technologies. The effective GHG emissions reduction methods were proposed to mitigate climate change. Results showed that incineration or building materials manufacturing of highly dewatered sludge, and land spreading after anaerobic digestion have the best GHG emissions reduction benefits. Biological treatment technologies and thermochemical processes have great potential for reducing GHGs. Enhancement of pretreatment effect, co-digestion, and new technologies (e.g., injection of carbon dioxide, directional acidification) are major approaches to facilitate substitution emissions in sludge anaerobic digestion. The relationship between the quality and efficiency of secondary energy in thermochemical process and GHGs emission still needs further study. Solid sludge products generated by bio-stabilization or thermochemical processes are considered to have a certain carbon sequestration value and can improve the soil environment to control GHG emissions. The findings are useful for future development and processes selection of sludge treatment and disposal facing carbon footprint reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zhifan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Jiaojiao Niu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zihan Du
- Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Conti Federica
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark
| | - Zhe Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Kaichao Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yan Li
- Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Baofeng Zhao
- Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | | | - Chunguang Liu
- Shandong Kailin environmental protection equipment Co., Ltd., Heze 274000, China
| | - Mutabazi Emmanuel
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Shaw KM, Poh PE, Ho YK, Chan SK, Chew IML. Predicting volatile fatty acid synthesis from palm oil mill effluent on an industrial scale. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ghorbani M, Konvalina P, Walkiewicz A, Neugschwandtner RW, Kopecký M, Zamanian K, Chen WH, Bucur D. Feasibility of Biochar Derived from Sewage Sludge to Promote Sustainable Agriculture and Mitigate GHG Emissions-A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12983. [PMID: 36232283 PMCID: PMC9564516 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge (SS) has been connected to a variety of global environmental problems. Assessing the risk of various disposal techniques can be quite useful in recommending appropriate management. The preparation of sewage sludge biochar (SSB) and its impacts on soil characteristics, plant health, nutrient leaching, and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) are critically reviewed in this study. Comparing the features of SSB obtained at various pyrolysis temperatures revealed changes in its elemental content. Lower hydrogen/carbon ratios in SSB generated at higher pyrolysis temperatures point to the existence of more aromatic carbon molecules. Additionally, the preparation of SSB has an increased ash content, a lower yield, and a higher surface area as a result of the rise in pyrolysis temperature. The worldwide potential of SS output and CO2-equivalent emissions in 2050 were predicted as factors of global population and common disposal management in order to create a futuristic strategy and cope with the quantity of abundant global SS. According to estimations, the worldwide SS output and associated CO2-eq emissions were around 115 million tons dry solid (Mt DS) and 14,139 teragrams (Tg), respectively, in 2020. This quantity will rise to about 138 Mt DS sewage sludge and 16985 Tg CO2-eq emissions in 2050, a 20% increase. In this regard, developing and populous countries may support economic growth by utilizing low-cost methods for producing biochar and employing it in local agriculture. To completely comprehend the benefits and drawbacks of SSB as a soil supplement, further study on long-term field applications of SSB is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ghorbani
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Konvalina
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Walkiewicz
- Department of Natural Environment Biogeochemistry, Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Reinhard W. Neugschwandtner
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Marek Kopecký
- Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branišovská 1645/31A, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kazem Zamanian
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Georg August University of Goettingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, University Road/70101, Tainan 70101, Taiwan or
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Bucur
- Department of Pedotechnics, Faculty of Agriculture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
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Oduor WW, Wandera SM, Murunga SI, Raude JM. Enhancement of anaerobic digestion by co-digesting food waste and water hyacinth in improving treatment of organic waste and bio-methane recovery. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10580. [PMID: 36148270 PMCID: PMC9485044 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In Kenya, 57% of the municipal solid waste generated is Food waste (FW) which has high organic content. However, the treatment and bioconversion of FW to biogas have always been challenging due to its rapid biodegradation, resulting from rapid hydrolysis and accumulation of volatile fatty acids and lowering pH in the bioreactor. In this study, the anaerobic digestibility of FW as a mono substrate was compared to co-digestion of FW with water hyacinth (WH) for improved biogas production and organic matter removal efficiency in a laboratory batch reactor. Different mix proportions of FW and WH were co-digested under mesophilic conditions (37 °C) at a dilution of 6% (w/v) Total Solids (TS) content. The TS of the substrates (Food waste and Water Hyacinth) were pre-processed to have a concentration of TS at 6% (60 g/L) to operate a wet AD which requires the substrate to be less than 15% TS. The proportions of WH: FW (v/v) were 100:0, 85:15, 70:30, 55:45, 30:70, 15:85, and 0:100. In the batch rectors the anaerobic co-digestion was conducted with Substrate to Inoculum (S/I) ratio of 1:1. FW is generally considered to have high volatile solids which hydrolyze rapidly lowering pH arising from excess production of Hydrogen which in presence of CO2 and acetogenic bacteria leads to more production of acetate, formate and other long chain fatty acids which inhibits methanogenesis as a result of rapid acidification. The rapid acidification of the bioreactors that are used to treat FW results in the inhibition of the methanogenesis process. The co-digestion of the substrates could have improved the process parameters by reducing acidity caused by the high C/N ratio, reducing the inhibitory range, and increasing the buffer capacity which enhanced the bio-methane potential and the microbial activity. The batch experiments were set in triplicate for both cases of FW, WH, mixtures, and Inoculum. The results showed that the average gas yields after 81 days for the various mix proportions were 256.27and 357.69 ml/g-VS for mono-digestion of WH and FW respectively. For the mixtures of WH: FW the average reported biogas production were 305.01, 280.27, 548.91,616.01 and 270.87 ml/g-VS for mixtures of 15:85, 30:70, 55:45,70:30 and 85:15 respectively. The modified Gompertz model showed that the digesters with WH and FW alone had lag times of 2.599 and 1.052 days respectively. The mix substrates of WH: FW 85:15, 70:30, 55:45, 30:70 and 15:85 shown lag times of 2.456, 3.777, 2.574, 1.956 and 1.75 days respectively. A mix (WH: FW) of 70:30 had the highest maximum specific biogas production Rmax and the maximum biogas production potential of 18.19 mlCH4/gVS per day and 607.7mlCH4/gVS respectively. The R2 and RSME values ranged from 0.9867 to 0.9963 and 2.663 to 9.359 respectively in all the digesters. The study shows that the co-digestion of WH and FW in the mix ratio of 70:30 improved the volume of biogas produced and organic matter removal efficiency reached 79%.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Oduor
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.,Department of Water and Waste Water Engineering Kenya Water Institute, P. O. Box 60013-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Simon M Wandera
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sylvia I Murunga
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - James M Raude
- Soil, Water and Environmental Engineering Department (SWEED), Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya
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Leong YK, Chang JS. Valorization of fruit wastes for circular bioeconomy: Current advances, challenges, and opportunities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 359:127459. [PMID: 35700899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The demands for fruits and processed products have significantly increased following the surging human population growth and rising health awareness. However, an enormous amount of fruit waste is generated during their production life-cycle due to the inedible portion and perishable nature, which become a considerable burden to the environment. Embracing the concept of "circular economy", these fruit wastes represent sustainable and renewable resources and can be integrated into biorefinery platforms for valorization into a wide range of high-value products. To fully realize the potential of fruit waste in circular bioeconomy and provide insights on future commercial-scale applications, this review presented the recycling and utilization of fruit wastes in various applications, particularly focusing on pollutant bioremediation, renewable energy and biofuel production, biosynthesis of bioactive compounds and low-cost microbial growth media. Furthermore, the challenges of efficient valorization of fruit wastes were discussed and future prospects were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoong Kit Leong
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taiwan.
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12
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Bella K, Venkateswara Rao P. Anaerobic co-digestion of cheese whey and septage: Effect of substrate and inoculum on biogas production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 308:114581. [PMID: 35124319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cheese whey is an industrial waste generated from the cheese processing unit of the dairy industry and requires treatment before its disposal. The present study investigated the possibilities of improving the digestibility from anaerobic digestion of lipid rich dairy by-product, cheese whey using septage as the co-substrate with different inoculum. Biochemical methane potential assays were conducted under mesophilic temperature conditions and results were validated using Modified Gompertz Model. Two sets of BMP tests were done; to assess the individual and combined digestion abilities of septage in anaerobic co-digestion of whey and to assess the ability of 3 inoculum sources (cattle manure, sewage sludge, and acclimatized anaerobic sludge) in the co-digestion process. The results indicated that septage is an excellent co-substrate that has better adaptability with cheese whey and the optimum mix ratio was found as 40:60 (SCW: SSP). BMP tests were also conducted with inoculum at S/I ratio of 1 and statistical analysis was performed to study the synergistic effect of both co-digestion and inoculum. The tests revealed that the cattle manure resulted in the highest biogas production (342.22mL/gVS) at 60% whey fraction. Modified Gompertz model fitted the experimental data well and identified an increase in lag phase times when whey fraction is increased. Comparatively higher lag phase times ranging from 1.98 to 4.35 days were obtained for sewage sludge inoculated samples. The maximum methane production (Pmax) was obtained at 60% whey fraction (369.63 ± 4.05mL/gVS) at a very short lag time of 0.76 ± 0.17days for cattle manure inoculated mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Bella
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, India
| | - P Venkateswara Rao
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, India.
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13
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Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food Waste with Sewage Sludge: Simulation and Optimization for Maximum Biogas Production. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14071075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion (ACD), where two or more substrates are digested simultaneously, is able to prevent the problems associated with mono-digestion. The aim of this study is to develop a simulation model of ACD of food waste (FW) with sewage sludge (SS) for biogas production coupled with pre-treatment, sludge handling and biogas upgrading using SuperPro Designer v9.0. The Design Expert v13 is employed to perform optimization and evaluate the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT), sludge recycle ratio, water to feed ratio (kg/kg) and SS to FW ratio (kg/kg) on the methane flow, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile solids (VS). The results show that the methane yield of 0.29 L CH4/g COD removed, COD removal efficiency of 81.5% and VS removal efficiency of 69.2% are obtained with a HRT of 38.8 days, water to feed ratio (kg/kg) of 0.048, sludge recycle ratio of 0.438 and SS to FW ratio (kg/kg) of 0.044. Economic analysis has shown this study is feasible with a payback time of 6.2 years, net present value (NPV) of $5,283,000 and internal return rate (IRR) of 10.2%. This indicates that the ACD of FW and SS is economically feasible in a larger scale.
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14
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Kabir SB, Khalekuzzaman M, Hossain N, Jamal M, Alam MA, Abomohra AEF. Progress in biohythane production from microalgae-wastewater sludge co-digestion: An integrated biorefinery approach. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 57:107933. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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15
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Liu J, Smith SR. The link between organic matter composition and the biogas yield of full-scale sewage sludge anaerobic digestion. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 85:1658-1672. [PMID: 35290238 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The principal parameters influencing anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge have been extensively studied in controlled laboratory experiments, but the effects of sludge composition on full-scale systems have received relatively little attention. Sludge samples from eight major wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the UK were examined to determine the effects of sludge composition on digestion performance. The biogas yield (BY) was estimated by two different methods: (1) a standard approach based on the reduction in volatile solids (VS), and (2) a more detailed mass balance of major constituent fractions of organic matter in sludge. The results showed that BY increased significantly with the overall amount of VS contained in digester feed sludge. In terms of the effects of individual fractions, BY was significantly related to and increased with the fat and cellulose contents in raw sludge, consistent with the high calorific value of fat and the digestibilities of both substrates, relative to the other major organic components. The results demonstrated the importance of sludge composition on digester performance and strategies to maximise BY were identified, for instance, by increasing codigestion of high fat containing substrates, and by utilising fat, oil and grease collected in-sewer and at WWTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK E-mail:
| | - Stephen R Smith
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ UK E-mail:
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16
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Uthirakrishnan U, Godvin Sharmila V, Merrylin J, Adish Kumar S, Dharmadhas JS, Varjani S, Rajesh Banu J. Current advances and future outlook on pretreatment techniques to enhance biosolids disintegration and anaerobic digestion: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132553. [PMID: 34653493 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge (biosolids) treatment is intensely a major problem around the globe. Anaerobic treatment is indeed a fundamental and most popular approach to convert organic wastes into bioenergy, which could be used as a carbon-neutral renewable and clean energy thus eradicating pathogens and eliminating odor. Due to the sheer intricate biosolid matrix (such as exopolymeric substances) and rigid cell structure, hydrolysis becomes a rate-limiting phase. Numerous different pretreatment strategies were proposed to hasten this rate-limiting hydrolysis and enhance the productivity of anaerobic digestion. This study discusses an overview of previous scientific advances in pretreatment options for enhancing biogas production. In addition, the limitations addressed along with the effects of inhibitors in biosolids towards biogas production and strategies to overcome discussed. This review elaborated the cost analysis of various pretreatment methods towards the scale-up process. This review abridges the existing research on augmenting AD efficacy by recognizing the associated knowledge gaps and suggesting future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushani Uthirakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Chinnakolambakkam, Chengalpattu, 603308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Godvin Sharmila
- Department of Civil Engineering, Rohini College of Engineering and Technology, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Merrylin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Sarah Tucker College, Tirunelveli, 627002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Adish Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, University V.O.C College of Engineering, Anna University Thoothukudi Campus, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jeba Sweetly Dharmadhas
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641-021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382010, India
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, 610005, India.
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Xu R, Fang S, Zhang L, Cheng X, Huang W, Wang F, Fang F, Cao J, Wang D, Luo J. Revealing the intrinsic drawbacks of waste activated sludge for efficient anaerobic digestion and the potential mitigation strategies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126482. [PMID: 34864182 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an effective approach for waste activated sludge (WAS) disposal with substantial recovery of valuable substrates. Previous studies have extensively explored the correlations of common operational parameters with AD efficiency, but the impacts of intrinsic characteristics of WAS on the AD processes are generally underestimated. This study focused on disclosing the association of intrinsic drawbacks in WAS with AD performance, and found that the cemented WAS structure, low fraction of biomass and various high levels of inhibitory pollutants (e.g., organic pollutants and heavy metals), as the integral parts of WAS all greatly restricted the AD performance. The main potential strategies and underlying mechanisms to mitigate the restrictions for efficient WAS digestion, including the practical pretreatment methods, bioaugmentation and aided substances addition, were critically analyzed. Also, future directions for the improvement of WAS digestion were proposed from the perspectives of technical, management and economic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shiyu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xiaoshi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
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18
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Feasibility of Coupling Anaerobic Digestion and Hydrothermal Carbonization: Analyzing Thermal Demand. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112411660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a biological process with wide application for the treatment of high organic-containing streams. The production of biogas and the lack of oxygen requirements are the main energetic advantages of this process. However, the digested stream may not readily find a final disposal outlet under certain circumstances. The present manuscript analyzed the feasibility of valorizing digestate by the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process. A hypothetical plant treating cattle manure and cheese whey as co-substrate (25% v/w, wet weight) was studied. The global performance was evaluated using available data reported in the literature. The best configuration was digestion as a first stage with the subsequent treatment of digestate in an HTC unit. The treatment of manure as sole substrate reported a value of 752 m3/d of biogas which could be increased to 1076 m3/d (43% increase) when coupling an HTC unit for digestate post-treatment and the introduction of the co-substrate. However, the high energy demand of the combined configurations indicated, as the best alternative, the valorization of just a fraction (15%) of digestate to provide the benefits of enhancing biogas production. This configuration presented a much better energy performance than the thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment of manure. The increase in biogas production does not compensate for the high energy demand of the pre-treatment unit. However, several technical factors still need further research to make this alternative a reality, as it is the handling and pumping of high solid slurries that significantly affects the energy demand of the thermal treatment units and the possible toxicity of hydrochar when used in a biological process.
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Paul Choudhury S, Kalamdhad AS. Optimization of electrokinetic pretreatment for enhanced methane production and toxicity reduction from petroleum refinery sludge. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 298:113469. [PMID: 34399372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of electrokinetic pretreatment on petroleum sludge (PS) released from the wastewater treatment plants of petrochemical industries for enhanced biodegradation and contaminant removal. The application of electric field on PS through direct current is optimized with the combined variation of applied voltage (40-80 V), exposure duration (20-120 min) and distance between graphite electrodes (8-16 cm) using central composite design-response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). The optimization study revealed significant interaction among the response variables to obtain an optimum condition (60 V, 83.5 min, 11.6 spacing) for maximization of solubilization in terms of soluble chemical oxygen demand (230% increment against untreated) and volatile fatty acids (172% increment against untreated) concentrations for accelerated hydrolysis of complex PS. BMP batch assays were performed at different inoculum and sludge ratios (0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.7) based on volatile solids content after pretreatment at the optimized condition which resulted in accumulated methane ranging from 5.16 to 6.61 L/gVSadded (untreated - 3.9 L/gVSadded). The mixing ratio of 0.4 showed the maximum methane enhancement of 69.2% compared to untreated. The maximum removal of organic content (62.8%), oil and grease (71.74%), and total petroleum hydrocarbon (52.9%) were also observed for the mixing ratio of 0.4. The FTIR study showed the efficacy in hydrocarbon dissociation and decomposition after pretreatment of PS. The net energy gain (3508 kJ) and phytotoxicity reduction of batch digestate after the anaerobic digestion suggest the economic feasibility and decontamination efficiency of the electrokinetic pretreatment technique respectively. Further research could be performed to evaluate the viability of this pretreatment for enhanced methane recovery at field-scale levels to relate to these lab-scale postulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjini Paul Choudhury
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Ajay S Kalamdhad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
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20
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Ling Z, Thakur N, El-Dalatony MM, Salama ES, Li X. Protein biomethanation: insight into the microbial nexus. Trends Microbiol 2021; 30:69-78. [PMID: 34215486 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Biomethanation of carbohydrates (e.g., lignocellulosic biomass) and lipids (e.g., waste oils) has been well studied. However, investigations on the biomethanation of protein-rich biowastes (PRBs) and associated microbial communities have not been reported. This review summarizes the challenges in the metabolic process of anaerobic digestion of PRBs and the microbial instability associated with it. We discuss the diversity of bacterial and archaeal communities via metagenomics under PRB mono- and codigestion. A stable community structure with enhanced metabolic activity is a core factor in PRB biomethanation. The application of strategies such as codigestion of PRBs with carbon-rich biomass and microbial stimulation/augmentation would make PRB biomethanation more feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmin Ling
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Nandini Thakur
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Marwa M El-Dalatony
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China.
| | - Xiangkai Li
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, PR China.
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21
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A Study on the Feasibility of Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Raw Cheese Whey with Coffee Pulp Residues. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14123611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a study on the feasibility of the treatment of raw cheese whey by anaerobic co-digestion using coffee pulp residues as a co-substrate is presented. It considers raw whey generated in artisanal cheese markers, which is generally not treated, thus causing environmental pollution problems. An experimental design was carried out evaluating the effect of pH and the substrate ratio on methane production at 35 °C (i.e., mesophilic conditions). The interaction of the parameters on the co-substrate degradation and the methane production was analyzed using a response surface analysis. Furthermore, two kinetic models were proposed (first order and modified Gompertz models) to determine the dynamic profiles of methane yield. The results show that co-digestion of the raw whey is favored at pH = 6, reaching a maximum yield of 71.54 mLCH4 gVSrem−1 (31.5% VS removed) for raw cheese whey and coffee pulp ratio of 1 gVSwhey gVSCoffe−1. The proposed kinetic models successfully fit the experimental methane production data, the Gompertz model being the one that showed the best fit. Then, the results show that anaerobic co-digestion can be used to reduce the environmental impact of raw whey. Likewise, the methane obtained can be integrated into the cheese production process, which could contribute to reducing the cost per energy consumption.
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Ali G, Ling Z, Saif I, Usman M, Jalalah M, Harraz FA, Al-Assiri MS, Salama ES, Li X. Biomethanation and microbial community response during agricultural biomass and shrimp chaff digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116801. [PMID: 33689949 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion, a promising technology for waste utilization and bioenergy generation, is a suitable approach to convert the shrimp waste to biomethane, reducing its environmental impact. In this study, shrimp chaff (SC) was co-digested corn straw (CS), wheat straw (WS), and sugarcane bagasse (SB). In co-digestion, SC enhanced biomethane production of CS by 8.47-fold, followed by SC + WS (5.67-folds), and SC + SB (3.37-folds). SC addition to agricultural biomass digestion also promoted the volatile solids removal up to 85%. Microbial community analysis of SC and CS co-digestion presented the dominance of phylum Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Euryarchaeota. Proteolytic bacteria were dominant (18.02%) during co-digestion of SC and CS, with Proteiniphilum as major bacterial genera (14%) that converts complex proteinaceous substrates to organic acids. Among the archaeal community, Methanosarcina responsible for conversion of acetate and hydrogen to biomethane, increased up to 70.77% in SC and CS digestion. Addition of SC to the digestion of agricultural wastes can significantly improve the biomethane production along with its effective management to reduce environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gohar Ali
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Zhenmin Ling
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, PR China.
| | - Irfan Saif
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
| | - Mohammed Jalalah
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box: 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia; Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Najran University, P.O. Box: 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid A Harraz
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box: 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia; Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Department, Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute (CMRDI), P.O. 87 Helwan, Cairo, 11421, Egypt
| | - M S Al-Assiri
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box: 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, PR China.
| | - Xiangkai Li
- MOE, Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, PR China
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Nguyen TH, Nguyen MK, Le THO, Bui TT, Nguyen TH, Nguyen TQ, van Ngo A. Kinetics of Organic Biodegradation and Biogas Production in the Pilot-Scale Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) for Piggery Wastewater Treatment. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:6641796. [PMID: 33489419 PMCID: PMC7803399 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6641796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this research, the kinetics of COD biodegradation and biogas production in a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) at pilot scale (10 m3) for piggery wastewater treatment were investigated. Polyethylene (PE) was used as a carrying material, with organic loading rates (OLRs) of 10, 15, and 18 kgCOD/m3 day in accordance to hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 0.56, 0.37, and 0.3 day. The results showed that a high COD removal efficiency was obtained in the range of 68-78% with the influent COD of 5.2-5.8 g/L at all 3 HRTs. About COD degradation kinetics, in comparison to the first- and second-order kinetics and the Monod model, Stover-Kincannon model showed the best fit with R 2 0.98 and a saturation value constant (K B ) and a maximum utilization rate (U max) of 52.40 g/L day and 82.65 g/L day, respectively. The first- and second-order kinetics with all 3 HRTs and Monod model with the HRT of 0.56 day also obtained high R 2 values. Therefore, these kinetics and models can be further considered to be used for predicting the kinetic characteristics of the MBBR system in piggery wastewater treatment process. The result of a 6-month operation of the MBBR was that biogas production was mostly in the operating period of days 17 to 80, around 0.2 to 0.3 and 0.15-0.20 L/gCODconverted, respectively, and then reduction at an OLR of 18 kgCOD/m3. After the start-up stage, day 35 biogas cumulative volume fluctuated from 20 to 30 m3/day and reached approximately 3500 m3 for 178 days during the whole digestive process. Methane is accounted for about 65-70% of biogas with concentration around 400 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ha Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Manh Khai Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Hoang Oanh Le
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Tu Bui
- Faculty of Mathematics, Mechanics and Informatics, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Trong Hieu Nguyen
- Faculty of Mathematics, Mechanics and Informatics, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Truong Quan Nguyen
- Research Centre for Environmental Technology & Sustainable Development, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh van Ngo
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Nagler M, Podmirseg SM, Mayr M, Ascher-Jenull J, Insam H. The masking effect of extracellular DNA and robustness of intracellular DNA in anaerobic digester NGS studies: A discriminatory study of the total DNA pool. Mol Ecol 2020; 30:438-450. [PMID: 33219564 PMCID: PMC7839673 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Most commonly, next generation sequencing-based microbiome studies are performed on the total DNA (totDNA) pool; however, this consists of extracellular- (exDNA) and intracellular (iDNA) DNA fractions. By investigating the microbiomes of different anaerobic digesters over time, we found that totDNA suggested lower species richness considering all and/or only common species and yielded fewer unique reads as compared to iDNA. Additionally, exDNA-derived sequences were more similar to those from totDNA than from iDNA and, finally, iDNA showed the best performance in tracking temporal changes in microbial communities. We postulate that abundant sequences present within the exDNA fraction mask the overall results of totDNA and provide evidence that exDNA has the potential to qualitatively bias microbiome studies at least in the anaerobic digester environment as it contains information about cells that were lysed hours or days ago. iDNA, however, was found to be more appropriate in providing reliable genetic information about potentially alive as well as rare microbes within the target habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Nagler
- Institute of Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Markus Mayr
- Institute of Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Heribert Insam
- Institute of Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Karimi R, Hallaji SM, Siami S, Torabian A, Aminzadeh B, Eshtiaghi N, Zahedi S. Synergy of combined free nitrous acid and Fenton technology in enhancing anaerobic digestion of actual sewage waste activated sludge. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5027. [PMID: 32193461 PMCID: PMC7081239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, actual swage waste activated sludge in batch reactors was employed to assess the synergistic effect of free nitrous acid and Fenton pre-treatments on enhancing methane production in the anaerobic digestion process. In addition to methane enhancement, the mechanisms driving the enhancement were also investigated via measuring enzymes activity and solubilisation of organic matter. This study revealed that the combined pre-treatments solubilised organic matter significantly more than the bioreactors pre-treated with individual FNA and Fenton. For understanding the influence of pre-treatments on solubilisation of organic matter, soluble protein, soluble polysaccharide and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) were measured before and after the treatments and it was shown that they respectively increased by 973%, 33% and 353% after the treatments. Protease and cellulase activity, as the key constituents of the microbial community in activated sludge, decreased considerably after the combined pre-treatments 42% and 32% respectively, which resulted in considerable methane enhancement. The results corroborate the synergy of the combined FNA and Fenton pre-treatment in degrading the organic and microbial constituents in waste activated sludge, paving the way for the big-scale implementation of these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Karimi
- Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Golestan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hallaji
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Salar Siami
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Torabian
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnoush Aminzadeh
- School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nicky Eshtiaghi
- School of Engineering, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Soraya Zahedi
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain
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Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Wastewater Sludge: A Review of Potential Co-Substrates and Operating Factors for Improved Methane Yield. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion has been widely employed in waste treatment for its ability to capture methane gas released as a product during the digestion. Certain wastes, however, cannot be easily digested due to their low nutrient level insufficient for anaerobic digestion, thus co-digestion is a viable option. Numerous studies have shown that using co-substrates in anaerobic digestion systems improve methane yields as positive synergisms are established in the digestion medium, and the supply of missing nutrients are introduced by the co-substrates. Nevertheless, large-scale implementation of co-digestion technology is limited by inherent process limitations and operational concerns. This review summarizes the results from numerous laboratory, pilot, and full-scale anaerobic co-digestion (ACD) studies of wastewater sludge with the co-substrates of organic fraction of municipal solid waste, food waste, crude glycerol, agricultural waste, and fat, oil and grease. The critical factors that influence the ACD operation are also discussed. The ultimate aim of this review is to identify the best potential co-substrate for wastewater sludge anaerobic co-digestion and provide a recommendation for future reference. By adding co-substrates, a gain ranging from 13 to 176% in the methane yield was accomplished compared to the mono-digestions.
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