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Ebinghaus M, Agricola CJ, Schmittinger J, Makarova N, Zyriax BC. Assessment of women's needs and wishes regarding interprofessional guidance on oral health in pregnancy - a qualitative study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:471. [PMID: 38992618 PMCID: PMC11238511 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor oral and dental health due to oral dysbiosis during pregnancy increases the risk for negative pregnancy outcomes. Communicating the importance of oral health is therefore essential in reducing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Professional guidance could substantially support women's positive perception of their own competence. Information on oral health should be provided by healthcare professionals such as midwives, obstetricians and dentists. The aim of this study was to assess the needs, wishes and preferences of pregnant women in Germany, regarding interprofessional collaboration and guidance on oral health during pregnancy. METHODS Sources of information, preferences regarding information supply as well as the need for interprofessional collaboration of involved healthcare professions were investigated in six online focus groups with pregnant women. In addition, three expert interviews with a midwife, an obstetrician and a dentist were conducted. The focus groups and interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz. RESULTS 25 pregnant women participated in focus groups. Pregnant women in all trimesters, aged 23 to 38 years, were included. Many women did not receive any or received insufficient information on oral health during pregnancy and wished for more consistent and written information from all involved healthcare providers. The extent of oral health counselling women received, heavily relied on their personal initiative and many would have appreciated learning about the scientific connection between oral health and pregnancy outcomes. An overall uncertainty about the timing and safety of a dental visit during pregnancy was identified. Interviews with experts provided additional insights into the working conditions of the involved healthcare professionals in counselling and emphasised the need for improved training on oral health during pregnancy in their respective professional education as well as thematic billing options in relation to this topic. CONCLUSION Guidance of women on oral health during pregnancy appears to be insufficient. Providing information adapted to the needs, wishes and preferences of women during pregnancy as well as the implementation of this topic in the education of involved healthcare professionals could contribute to an improved prenatal care for pregnant women and subsequently a reduced risk of negative pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merle Ebinghaus
- Midwifery Science - Health Care Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Caroline Johanna Agricola
- Midwifery Science - Health Care Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Janne Schmittinger
- Midwifery Science - Health Care Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nataliya Makarova
- Midwifery Science - Health Care Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- Midwifery Science - Health Care Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Bossouf A, Sabourin C, Fuchs F, Giraudeau N, Inquimbert C. Interprofessional survey on knowledge and attitudes of midwives regarding oral health, in France. Eur J Midwifery 2023; 7:37. [PMID: 38045473 PMCID: PMC10690821 DOI: 10.18332/ejm/172881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral health is essential for psychosocial well-being and general health. For expectant mothers, pregnancy increases the risk of oral diseases and has a subsequent impact on the oral health of a child once born. Midwives are in charge of pregnancy monitoring, childbirth and newborns' first days of life. They could have an important role in prevention. However, limited studies evaluating the knowledge, attitudes and practices on oral health among midwives have been conducted in Europe. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire. Two local midwifery associations sent out the questionnaire by email and social media networks to all registered midwives and practicing in the department of Herault (n=613), between April and May 2022. Statistical analyses on quantitative data and descriptive analyses of qualitative free-text responses were performed. RESULTS In total, 167 midwives were included. We found a lack of knowledge on many oral health topics and this was stated as the main reason that only 29% of midwives provided oral health information to their patients. Only 30% of the midwives had a training module on oral health during their initial training, and less than half of them considered the training adequate. To improve their lack of knowledge, participants expressed a preference for digital communication methods for themselves; however, they favored in-person interaction for public interventions. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a lack of training and knowledge about oral health among midwives and a lack of oral health discussion with expectant mothers who are a high-risk population for oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Bossouf
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Center for Latin European Political Studies, UMR 5112, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Sabourin
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Team of Criminal Law and Forensic Sciences of Montpellier, UR-UM212, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Florent Fuchs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Montpellier, France
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Reproduction and child development, Paris, France
- Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Giraudeau
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Center for Latin European Political Studies, UMR 5112, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Inquimbert
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Desbrest Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Kamalabadi YM, Campbell MK, Zitoun NM, Jessani A. Unfavourable beliefs about oral health and safety of dental care during pregnancy: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:762. [PMID: 37840149 PMCID: PMC10577919 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral conditions such as gingivitis and periodontitis are correlated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia, preterm birth and low birth weight. Oral health-related unfavourable beliefs can have negative influences on oral health behaviours including hesitation in accessing preventative dental treatments and dental service utilization. The objective of this systematic review was to examine unfavourable beliefs that expectant or new mothers frequently hold about oral health and the safety of dental care during pregnancy. METHODS An electronic database search on PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and MEDLINE (Ovid) followed by forward and backward citation tracing of the included studies was conducted. All English primary studies regardless of the year of publication were independently screened by two reviewers to identify studies addressing unfavourable beliefs about oral health and dental care during pregnancy. The CLARITY tool was applied to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. RESULTS Out of a total of 5766 records, 39 quantitative and six qualitative studies met the inclusion criteria. The commonly held unfavourable beliefs were regarding the safety of dental services utilization and dental treatment procedures, the adverse impacts of pregnancy on oral health, and oral hygiene necessity during pregnancy. The most discussed unfavourable beliefs included "pregnant women lose their teeth because of pregnancy" (n = 18), "dental treatments are not safe and harm the fetus" (n = 17), and "the developing baby absorbs calcium from the mother's teeth" (n = 14). CONCLUSIONS Unfavourable beliefs about oral health and dental care utilization are common among pregnant women and new mothers. The literature suggests that a low level of oral health knowledge and seeking information from social networks can contribute to such beliefs. This has implications for health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Mohammadi Kamalabadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada
| | - M Karen Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 800 Commissioners Rd. E., London, ON, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 800 Commissioners Rd. E., London, ON, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Rd. E., London, ON, N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Natalie M Zitoun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada
| | - Abbas Jessani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, 1465 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6G 2M1, Canada.
- Department of Dentistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Dental Sciences Building, London, ON, N6A 5C1, Canada.
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Toker E, Bekiroğlu Ergün T, Turan Z, Göçebe B. The effect of dental problems on pregnancy and birth outcomes in pregnant women registered in family health centers in a city center: A prospective study. Health Care Women Int 2023; 44:1299-1313. [PMID: 33416447 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2020.1863406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The researchers aimed to determine the effects of oral-dental health of pregnant women on their pregnancy and fetus health. In this descriptive observational study, the researchers prospectively followed up 64 pregnant women three times, who were registered in two family health centers that were selected by using a simple random sampling method. As the follow-ups progressed, an increase was determined in the DMF-S (Decayed-Missing-Filled-Surface) index and DEBRIS (Caries Surface Distribution Form) scores in the areas observed (p < 0.05). No significant relationship was found between the increased scores and the infant's birth length, weight, and birth week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eylem Toker
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Tansel Bekiroğlu Ergün
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Zekiye Turan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Berna Göçebe
- Department of Public Health, Local Health Authority, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
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Lafebre-Carrasco MF, Arroyo-Menéndez M, Lozano-Paniagua D, Parrón-Carreño T, Nievas-Soriano BJ. Social and Preventive Factors That Explain Oral Health among Pregnant Women in the Canton of Cuenca, Ecuador. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2664. [PMID: 37830702 PMCID: PMC10572668 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: pregnant women in underprivileged areas may face challenges that affect their oral health. The analysis of these issues such as toothaches or cavities, among others could be crucial for them. However, no studies have been conducted in Cuenca, Ecuador. Thus, this study aimed to create a model explaining how social factors and healthy habits impact oral health in Cuenca, Ecuador. (2) Methods: An observational study was performed using a questionnaire developed from scratch. Principal component factor analysis was performed to calculate the oral disease index based on the oral health issues reported by women during pregnancy. (3) Results: 1971 women participated in the research. In total, 88% reported at least one oral health problem, with cavities (34%) and bleeding gums (33%) as the most prevalent. The rate of preventive visits and frequent brushing were the two variables that most impacted the oral disease index. The consumption of sweets, age, and the belief that visiting the dentist harms their unborn child were also important factors. However, income, education, and ethnic background showed little to no effect. (4) Conclusions: The most beneficial determinants of oral health factors in pregnant women in Cuenca, Ecuador, are preventive dentist visits, frequent brushing, and a contained consumption of sweets. The main harmful factors are age and the misconception that dental visits can harm their unborn child. Surprisingly, income, education, and ethnic background have little effect. This study can be replicated in other countries and cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Millán Arroyo-Menéndez
- Department of Sociology: Theory and Methodology, Faculty of Political Science and Sociology, Member of TRANSOC Research Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Lozano-Paniagua
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (T.P.-C.); (B.J.N.-S.)
| | - Tesifón Parrón-Carreño
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (T.P.-C.); (B.J.N.-S.)
| | - Bruno José Nievas-Soriano
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (T.P.-C.); (B.J.N.-S.)
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Nahum S, Kushnir T. The Relationship between Socio-Demographic Factors, Preventive Health Behaviors and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine among Israeli Pregnant Women during the Coronavirus Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6526. [PMID: 37569066 PMCID: PMC10418854 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of the Coronavirus disease led the World Health Organization to publish recommendations regarding preventive health behaviors (PHB). Pregnant women are at a higher risk of severe COVID-19 infection and adherence to these recommendations is critical. There are little data regarding PHB among pregnant women. The current study aims to evaluate the contribution of socio-demographic factors and COVID-19 vaccinations in predicting PHB among pregnant women. METHOD 202 pregnant Israeli women (mean age = 30.8 years) participated in an online survey in 2021. RESULTS 88% of the women were vaccinated and few had been infected. Of the women, 75.2% reported wearing face masks in closed spaces, while 12.4% reported wearing masks outdoors; 63.9% of the women did not travel abroad for fear of infection by the virus and 51% avoided crowded events. A simultaneous regression analysis to predict PHB indicated that pregnancy week and Coronavirus vaccination significantly and positively predicted PHB, but religious status was a negative predictor. Age, number of children, and level of education were not associated with PHB. CONCLUSIONS These findings can be helpful as a preliminary evidence base for policy-making at present and for future epidemics regarding guidelines on PHB adjusted for pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shir Nahum
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - Talma Kushnir
- Department of Psychology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
- Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
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Radwan-Oczko M, Hirnle L, Szczepaniak M, Duś-Ilnicka I. How much do pregnant women know about the importance of oral health in pregnancy? Questionnaire-based survey. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:348. [PMID: 37179351 PMCID: PMC10182644 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05677-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although pregnancy is a physiological process it causes hormonal changes that can also affect the oral cavity. Pregnancy increases the risk of gum disease inflammation and tooth caries which could affect the health of the developing baby. Proper oral health is crucial both for mother and her babies and is related with mothers' awareness of this connection. The aim of this study was the self-assessment of women's both oral health and oral health literacy as well as mothers' awareness of the connection of oral health and pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the study anonymous questionnaire was prepared and provided to be filled in by 200 mothers at the age from 19 to 44 y.o. who gave birth in the gynecological clinic. The questionnaire included demographic, and concerning the areas of oral health before and during pregnancy and after the childbirth questions. RESULTS Only 20% of the investigated women underwent the oral examination before the pregnancy and the next 38.5% underwent it intentionally when the pregnancy had been confirmed. As much as 24% of women pointed out lack of awareness of the importance of proper oral hygiene during pregnancy. 41.5% of investigated women declared complaints during the pregnancy concerning teeth or gums and 30.5% underwent dental treatment; 68%, brushed their teeth properly-twice a day; 32% of women observed deterioration of oral health state during the pregnancy. The knowledge of the importance of oral health during pregnancy presented by the majority of mothers was relatively proper, which was strongly connected with higher education status and living in big cities. A significant correlation between higher birth weight and more frequent daily tooth brushing was observed. Both higher frequency of problems concerning the oral cavity and dental treatment during pregnancy were significantly related to the younger age of mothers. CONCLUSIONS The knowledge of women concerning of oral health on the management of pregnancy and development of fetus is still insufficient. Gynecologists should inquire pregnant women if they have done dental examination, and provide wider education about importance of oral health in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Radwan-Oczko
- Department of Oral Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Ul. Krakowska 26, 50-425, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Lidia Hirnle
- 1st Department and Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Szczepaniak
- Department of Oral Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Ul. Krakowska 26, 50-425, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Irena Duś-Ilnicka
- Department of Oral Pathology, Wrocław Medical University, Ul. Krakowska 26, 50-425, Wrocław, Poland.
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Faghihian R, Saied-Moallemi Z, Zakizade M, Faghihian E, George A, Abbasi S. Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Educational Program in Oral Health for Midwives and Other Antenatal Care Providers in Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2023; 28:305-311. [PMID: 37575502 PMCID: PMC10412786 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_297_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Maintaining oral health during pregnancy has been considered an essential public health issue worldwide. One of the various preventive strategies is to train antenatal care providers to guide pregnant women. This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate an educational program's effect on the oral health-related knowledge, attitudes, and practice of antenatal care providers in Iran. Materials and Methods All of the antenatal care providers working at Isfahan health centers were invited for this study in April 2019. A total of 340 volunteers (120 midwives and 220 others) finally participated in this interventional study with a pre-test-post-test design. A questionnaire was developed to assess the participants' knowledge, attitudes, and practice before and after the intervention. A lecture-based educational session containing similar issues asked in the questionnaire was held for all the participants. The participant's total knowledge scores before and after the intervention, and their attitudes and practice were evaluated and compared through paired t-test. Results The participants' mean total knowledge scores before and after the intervention were 42.87 and 52.25, respectively. The paired t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-intervention scores (p < 0.001). The frequency of participants' answers to attitude and practice questions was also determined. Conclusions Improving oral health-related knowledge of antenatal care providers can be achieved through a single educational session designed by accurately assessing their needs. The participants' attitudes revealed barriers to seeking dental care by pregnant women; however, the participants' oral health-related practice was acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Faghihian
- Dental Research Center, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Saied-Moallemi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Community Oral Health, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Zakizade
- Postgraduate Student of Orthodontics, Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Faghihian
- Dental Research Center, Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ajesh George
- Australian Centre for Integration of Oral Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Somaye Abbasi
- Department of Mathematics, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Anunciação BH, Azevedo MJ, Pereira MDL. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of prenatal care practitioners regarding oral health in pregnancy-A systematic review. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2023. [PMID: 36710529 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hormonal and behavioral changes during pregnancy may impact the oral health of women, which can influence the pregnancy course. Prenatal care practitioners (PCP) must be aware of this bidirectional relation in order to include an oral assessment in routine prenatal care. OBJECTIVES To characterize the knowledge and attitudes of PCP regarding oral health in pregnant women. SEARCH STRATEGY The search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, Scopus, and Embase on May 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA Peer-reviewed cross-sectional studies published in English within the last 5 years that assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of PCP towards oral health in pregnancy were selected. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Data were standardly extracted by the three reviewers from the selected articles and their bias was assessed. MAIN RESULTS From a total of 996 articles, 24 were selected. Overall, most PCP have an adequate level of knowledge regarding the importance of oral health during pregnancy. Although several professionals reported referring their patients to a dentist, the attitudes and practices of the majority of PCP were still inadequate. CONCLUSIONS PCP are aware of the importance of oral health during pregnancy but still lack translating this knowledge into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria João Azevedo
- INEB-Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria de Lurdes Pereira
- Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,EPIUnit-Unidade de Investigação em Epidemiologia, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
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Chawłowska E, Karasiewicz M, Lipiak A, Staszewski R, Cofta M, Biskupska M, Giernaś B, Zawiejska A. Oral Health Behaviours, Knowledge, and Literacy of Expectant Mothers: A Cross-Sectional Study among Maternity Ward Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11762. [PMID: 36142035 PMCID: PMC9517493 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Maternal knowledge, literacy, and behaviours in the area of oral health may greatly influence the risk of caries and the oral health status of children from the youngest age. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate paediatric oral health knowledge and literacy as well as maternal oral health behaviours and outcomes among expectant mothers. A cross-sectional study was undertaken among 400 pregnant inpatients aged 17-48 years (mean age 29.5 ± 5.3 years) in 31 public maternity wards in the Wielkopolska region, Poland. An anonymous, self-designed questionnaire was prepared on the basis of current oral health recommendations. Pregnancy complications were reported by 195 (48.8%), and permanent tooth extractions by 158 (39.5%) women. Knowledge and literacy scores were associated with, among other things, maternal education, selected oral hygiene practices, and reported extractions of permanent teeth. Although participants had some correct information regarding oral health, they had insufficient awareness of caries as an infectious disease and of the appropriate timing for the child's first dental visit. Their self-assessment of oral health status and belief that they were under dental care tended to be overly optimistic, given their self-reported outcomes. These aspects should be considered in future health education efforts among expectant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Chawłowska
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Karasiewicz
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lipiak
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Rafał Staszewski
- Department of Hypertension, Angiology and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cofta
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Biskupska
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bogusz Giernaś
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zawiejska
- Department of Medical Simulation, Chair of Medical Education, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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What Do Mothers (or Caregivers) Know about Their Children’s Oral Hygiene? An Update of the Current Evidence. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9081215. [PMID: 36010105 PMCID: PMC9406871 DOI: 10.3390/children9081215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Tooth decay remains one of the most common diseases in children, although it is a preventable injury and despite significant advances that has been made in terms of attention and care for oral hygiene. Several studies have shown the association between prevalence of tooth decay in children and parents’ incorrect oral care habits, with a low educational level and a low socioeconomic background. The question that arises concerns the actual oral hygiene knowledge of mothers, fathers, family members or caregivers of young patients; therefore, the aim of this review is to investigate the genesis of gaps in the topic. A literature search was conducted through the Scopus and PubMed search engine and ended in May 2022; only studies from the past 20 years were included. Current evidence suggests that parents and caregivers still have little knowledge about their children’s oral health: there is not enough awareness about the importance of preventing oral diseases, due to poor attention to good oral hygiene but also lack of information from health professionals and institutions. In the future, all the professionals involved in the pregnant woman’s care should increase parents’ knowledge, solve their doubts, collect and compare data in order to design effective intervention programs.
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Attitude of Midwives towards Fluoride Recommendations and Oral Prevention in Infants and Young Children. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9081135. [PMID: 36010026 PMCID: PMC9406566 DOI: 10.3390/children9081135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Early childhood caries is a challenge. Early dental screening flanked by multidisciplinary preventions by pediatricians, dentists, and midwives (MWs) may be helpful. New recommendations for dental screening in children (FUs) and fluoride have been introduced in Germany. The aim of this study was to investigate whether midwives consider FUs useful and implement early childhood caries prevention, as well as fluoride recommendations. The survey was conducted using an online questionnaire. Demographic data, including 11 items on early childhood dental prophylaxis and fluoride, were requested. Agreement was recorded using Likert scales. The data were analyzed descriptively. Two hundred and seventeen female MWs participated (age: 44.1 (11.04) years). One hundred and four (47.9%) participants knew about the FUs. Of the MWs, 30.7% found a referral from the first tooth to be very important (important/neutral/unimportant: 27%/27.9%/14.4%), compared with 84.8% for the entire primary dentition (11.8%/2.8%/0.5%). Of the MWs, 41.7% always recommended fluoride toothpaste from the first tooth (often/occasionally/rarely/never: 22.7%/12.4%/7.9%/15.3%) and 48.1% completely rejected fluoride-free toothpaste (always/often/occasionally/rarely: 9.8%/8.9%/17.3%/15.9%). In addition, 54.8% never recommended the use of fluoride tablets (always/often/occasionally/rarely: 9.2%/7.4%/10.2%/18.4%). The FUs are not yet well-known among MWs, and only less than one-third recommended dental check-ups, starting with the first tooth. This contrasts with the high uptake of fluoridated toothpaste. More educational work should be carried out to convince more MWs of the benefits of the FUs.
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Touriño S, Suárez-Cotelo MDC, Núñez-Iglesias MJ, Domínguez-Martís EM, Mosteiro-Miguéns DG, López-Ares D, Novío S. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Spanish Midwives and Midwifery Students toward Oral Healthcare during Pregnancy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18116089. [PMID: 34200062 PMCID: PMC8200230 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy can affect the mother's oral health, increasing their susceptibility to oral diseases that have been associated with harmful effects on the newborn. Despite the severity of oral diseases during pregnancy, the demand for dental care during the gestational period is low, which may improve with the participation of midwives in promoting oral health activities. The objectives of this study were: (i) to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Spanish midwives and midwifery students regarding oral health in pregnant women; and (ii) to identify the barriers faced by these healthcare professionals in addressing oral health promotion during pregnancy. An observational cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. A total of 128 midwives and/or midwifery students ≥ 18 years old and of both sexes were invited to self-complete a questionnaire between January and April 2020. A total of 85 people participated in the study. Participants had a regular level of knowledge about oral health during pregnancy (overall knowledge score: 6.53), and although they were interested in activities that promote oral healthcare, their oral healthcare practices during pregnancy were limited. As midwives play an important role in promoting health, their training in oral healthcare could help to improve pregnant women's oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Touriño
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain;
| | | | - María Jesús Núñez-Iglesias
- Department of Psiquiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Eva María Domínguez-Martís
- Galician Public Healthcare Service, Healthcare Centre of Concepción Arenal, C/Santiago León de Caracas 12, 15701 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Diego Gabriel Mosteiro-Miguéns
- Galician Public Healthcare Service, University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - David López-Ares
- Galician Public Healthcare Service, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña (CHUAC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Silvia Novío
- Department of Psiquiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-881-812-374
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Wilson A, Hoang H, Bridgman H, Bettiol S, Crocombe L. Factors Influencing the Provision of Oral Health Care Practices by Antenatal Care Providers: A Systematic Review. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2021; 31:231-241. [PMID: 33960834 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2020.8956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Antenatal care (ANC) providers are recommended to promote oral health care during pregnancy through the provision of oral health care practices, but studies have indicated that providers remain unclear and inconstant in adopting these practices into routine care. Therefore, the objectives were to undertake a systematic review of the current oral health care practices of ANC providers and identify factors (barriers and facilitators) that influence the provision of ANC providers' oral health care practices. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative studies were systematically searched within four databases (database inception, October 2020). Studies were selected if they were published in English and conducted in developed countries. Thematic analysis was employed where reported barriers and facilitators from the included studies were grouped by themes and were inductively categorized within a multilevel framework. Reported current oral health care practices were deductively categorized according to a predetermined "assess," "advise," and "refer" framework. Summative frequencies of oral health care practices, if reported, were also extracted. Results: A total of 3519 ANC providers were included across 26 studies. Rates of reported current oral health care practices among ANC providers varied considerably. The most reported barriers related to providers' limited oral health care knowledge, concerns with dental costs, and absence of organizational referral processes. The most reported facilitators related to providers' level of oral health care knowledge, patient prompt, and access to informational and educational resources. Conclusions: Further efforts are needed to address the range of barriers identified in this review and support ANC providers' clinical practice behaviors. This includes improved interprofessional education, training opportunities, and integrated health care models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Wilson
- Centre for Rural Health, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Ha Hoang
- Centre for Rural Health, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Heather Bridgman
- Centre for Rural Health, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Silvana Bettiol
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Leonard Crocombe
- Dentistry & Oral Health, Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria, Australia
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Leiss U, Schiller A, Fries J, Voitl P, Peyrl A. Self-Care Strategies and Job Satisfaction in Pediatricians: What We Can Do to Prevent Burnout-Results of a Nationwide Survey. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:722356. [PMID: 34532304 PMCID: PMC8438418 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.722356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Working in the clinical field can be a demanding experience. While reports indicate escalating burnout rates among physicians, further investigation about what physicians can do to prevent burnout is necessary. Our objective was to assess self-care levels among pediatricians and the correlation with job satisfaction in order to subsequently identify protective factors. Methods: In this nationwide, cross-sectional study, a web-based survey was distributed to all Austrian pediatricians via a mailing list of the Austrian Society of Pediatrics. Self-care was measured with a modified Professional Self-Care Scale (PSCS), which consisted of nine items on a four-point Likert scale (from 1, "totally disagree," to 4, "totally agree"). Additional items addressed job satisfaction, peer support, and access to professional coaching. Results: The survey was distributed to 1,450 mailing list contacts, a total of 309 Austrian pediatricians completed the survey (21%). "Family" (M = 3.3) and "Friends" (M = 3.1) were the most highly rated self-care strategies. We found significant differences between pediatricians under 35 years and those aged 50 years and above (z = -4.21, p < 0.001). Peer support appeared to impact job satisfaction substantially. We found differences between pediatricians who frequently talk to colleagues about difficult situations, those who sometimes do so, and those who never do (p < 0.001), with a linear trend indicating increased job satisfaction with more frequent peer support (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Among all self-care strategies, a stable network of family and friends was highest rated, followed by balanced nutrition. Younger, male pediatricians working in hospital showed to be a vulnerable group with regard to overall self-care. Moreover, higher self-care values were found among those pediatricians who reported to receive peer support on a regular basis. We suggest combined organizational and individual interventions to promote pediatricians' well-being. Organizations should provide the possibility to select a well-balanced diet as well as space and time to consume food and cultivate a work environment that enables communication among peers and facilitates professional coaching. On the personal level, we want to encourage pediatricians to talk to trusted colleagues in challenging clinical situations and to consider working with a professional coach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Leiss
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Schiller
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, St. Josef Hospital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonathan Fries
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Voitl
- First Vienna Medical Care Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Peyrl
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Sociodemographic Differences in Health Awareness and Oral Health in Pregnant Women. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020; 80:834-843. [PMID: 32817990 PMCID: PMC7428374 DOI: 10.1055/a-1205-0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the present oral health status of pregnant women depending on selected sociodemographic differences and deduce any resulting consequences for health prevention.
Methods The participantsʼ data of relevance to the study such as age, school leaving qualification, migration background, smoking habits or last dentist visit were recorded using a questionnaire. The subsequent dental check-up concentrated on open carious lesions, any initiated root canal treatments and missing teeth. Finally, the Periodontal Screening Index was recorded to diagnose the presence of any gingivitis or periodontitis. The subsequent biometric evaluation comprised descriptive data analysis, χ2 test and logistical regression.
Results The higher the school leaving qualification, the lower the probability that a pregnant woman smoked prior to pregnancy (OR 0.291; 95% CI 0.114 – 0.743) and that tartar was diagnosed (OR 0.424; 95% CI 0.185 – 0.973). Regular dentist visits (OR 4.026; 95% CI 1.613 – 10.049) increase with the attained school leaving qualification. There is a greater chance that women born in Germany taking part in the study were aware of dental risks in pregnancy (OR 2.652; 95% CI 1.285 – 5.472) and attended the dentist during pregnancy (OR 2.507; 95% CI 1.281 – 4.907).
Conclusion The rate of awareness of the risks and consequences of pregnancy for oral health must be increased. The main aim for primary prophylaxis should be a reduction in the periodontal bacteria and caries of the mother and father.
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Uwambaye P, Munyanshongore C, Kerr M, Shiau H, Nyiringango G, Rulisa S. Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Nurses and Midwives Working at Antenatal Clinics in the Southern Province of Rwanda on Periodontal Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Survey. ADVANCES IN MEDICAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE 2020; 11:517-523. [PMID: 32801987 PMCID: PMC7415435 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s263403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral health is considered an important component of general health; the mouth cannot be considered in isolation from the rest of the body. Studies indicate an association between periodontitis and preterm and lowbirth weight outcomes. One of the opportunities to improve the oral health care of pregnant women during antenatal care consultations is through collaboration with nurses and midwives. It can be of importance if nurses/midwives are equipped with the right knowledge, attitude and practices regarding oral health. Therefore, this study assessed the existing knowledge, attitude and practices of nurse/midwives working in antenatal clinics in 12 selected health facilities in the Southern Province of Rwanda on periodontal diseases. PATIENTS AND METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on 79 nurses and midwives working at antenatal care clinics and maternity wards. An ANOVA test was used to compare knowledge, attitude and practices mean scores of nurses/midwives about periodontal diseases and their management. A correlation test was also used to ascertain the relationship among knowledge, attitude, practices and other continuous variables. RESULTS The average age of nurses/midwives was M=33.57, SD=6.1. Nurses had limited knowledge about oral health of pregnant women and had some misunderstandings about oral health, although they had good attitudes. Age, length of service as a nurse or midwife and length of service in antenatal care had no effect on the knowledge, practice and attitude scores of the nurses/midwives. The ANOVA test did not find any significant difference in means for knowledge, attitude, practice and education level (p=0.69, 0.93, 0.27), respectively. CONCLUSION Although nurses/midwives have good attitude regarding the management of periodontal diseases of pregnant women, their knowledge is insufficient and it is highly recommended that oral diseases can be included in their curriculum so that they can be in the best position to advise/screen for periodontal diseases during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peace Uwambaye
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Correspondence: Peace UwambayeDepartment of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, RwandaTel +250788505856 Email
| | - Cyprien Munyanshongore
- Department of Community Health, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Michael Kerr
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Harlan Shiau
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, Division of Periodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerard Nyiringango
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Stephen Rulisa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
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18
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Why video health education messages should be considered for all dental waiting rooms. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219506. [PMID: 31310627 PMCID: PMC6634391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Video is an effective, accessible, and low cost method of delivering health education messages to a wide audience. Dental waiting rooms provide an opportunity to deliver video oral health education interventions to receptive viewers. In this study we aim to evaluate firstly video oral health education in regards to patient preference, and secondly its ability to change both immediate and sustained self-reported intended health behaviours by patients. Method Data from 253 individuals from a public hospital dental waiting room were gathered using a previously validated survey following an oral health education video intervention, and analysed using descriptive analysis, Fischer’s Exact Test, and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test across 3 time intervals. Results Participants across all ages evaluated the video oral health education approach as easy to follow and understand (p<0.001), the content practical and useful (p<0.001), and that it was a better experience (p<0.01). Those watching between 5 and 20 minutes reported that video was the best format to present oral care information (p<0.02). At follow up, significant improvement in the tools used by participants to clean teeth was seen (39.8%, p<0.001), as well as reported reduction in sweet consumption frequency (21.3%, p<0.001) and in smoking (44.8%, p<0.02). Conclusion Video format oral health education used in dental waiting rooms was found to be effective in educating patients and instigating both immediate and sustained self-reported behaviour change. Significant improvement in tools used for oral hygiene and a reduction in sweets consumption were demonstrated, both of which are essential factors in reducing caries rates and improving oral health.
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Abedi N. Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of educational interventions on dental and oral health promotion in Iran. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2019; 8:29. [PMID: 30993122 PMCID: PMC6432819 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_305_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental and oral health is a core component of general health and well-being. Few aspects of health are as accessible to personal control as oral hygiene which can be improved by simple behavioral changes. In recent years, dentists in the field of oral and dental health improvement have been research doing for measurement of validity and efficiency of available educational interventions. In this regard, meta-analysis integrates the results of different studies then determines the effect size of educational interventions. This study seeks to investigate the effective educational interventions on improving oral and dental health improvement in Iran by following the meta-analysis model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present research was a meta-analysis study. This research by using the technique of meta-analysis to integrate the results of different studies, to determine the effect size of an educational intervention on improving oral and dental health improvement in Iran. Seventeen studies accepted in methodology were collected in Iran during 2001-2018, and analyzed through meta-analysis. The research tool was meta-analysis checklist. Effect size for each study was manually calculated. RESULTS The study findings showed that the rate of the effect size of educational intervention on Improving Oral and Dental Health Improvement in Iran was 0.62 (P ≤ 0.008) which according to Cohen's table was intermediate. CONCLUSION Findings of this meta-analysis support of the effectiveness of educational interventions on improving oral and dental health improvement in Iran. It seems that the educational interventions on improving dental and oral health can be used as a method for improving oral and dental health in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Abedi
- Department of Dental, Isfahan Medical Science University, Isfahan, Iran
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20
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Poudel P, Griffiths R, Wong VW, Arora A, Flack JR, Khoo CL, George A. Perceptions and Practices of Diabetes Educators in Providing Oral Health Care: A Qualitative Study. DIABETES EDUCATOR 2018; 44:454-464. [PMID: 30141382 DOI: 10.1177/0145721718796055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the current perceptions and practices of diabetes educators (DEs) in providing oral health care to people with diabetes. Methods A qualitative study design involving focus groups was used to gather data. Purposive sampling was used to recruit DEs working across 3 metropolitan hospitals in South Western Sydney, Australia. Results Fourteen DEs participated in 3 focus groups. Participants had a mean ± SD age of 44.4 ± 9.2 years and 5.2 ± 5.3 years of work experience in diabetes care. Four main themes were identified: perceptions about oral health care and diabetes current oral health care practices, perceptions on incorporating oral health, and suggested model of care. DEs agreed that promoting oral health in diabetes clinics is important, and they reported seeing patients frequently with oral health problems. However, the majority do not include oral health care in consultations, primarily because they have limited knowledge in this area and have not received any formal oral health education or training. Additional barriers were the lack of referral pathways and resources for patient education. DEs were receptive to incorporating oral health provided that the current barriers were addressed. DEs also suggested a multidisciplinary team care approach to promote oral health. Conclusions Current practices of DEs in oral health care are limited, but they are willing to address oral health. A suggested model of oral health care should include capacity building of diabetes care providers, appropriate dental referral pathways, and a team approach within multidisciplinary diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Poudel
- COHORT Research Group (Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Rhonda Griffiths
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Vincent W Wong
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- Oral Health Services and Sydney Dental Hospital, Sydney Local Health District, Surry Hills, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Jeff R Flack
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Australia
| | - Chee L Khoo
- Health Focus Family Practice, Ingleburn, Australia
| | - Ajesh George
- COHORT Research Group (Centre for Oral Health Outcomes and Research Translation), School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
- South Western Sydney Local Health District, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, Australia
- School of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Penrith, Australia
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Vieira ACF, Alves CMC, Rodrigues VP, Ribeiro CCC, Gomes-Filho IS, Lopes FF. Oral, systemic and socioeconomic factors associated with preterm birth. Women Birth 2018; 32:e12-e16. [PMID: 29551483 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rates of preterm births have been increasing worldwide. Complications related to preterm births are associated with increased costs of care, and have a direct impact on the health system of the countries. Therefore, it is important to address factors associated with preterm birth in order to provide prevention strategies. OBJECTIVE This case-control study investigated oral, systemic, and socioeconomic factors associated with preterm birth in postpartum women. Participants were 279 postpartum women that gave birth to a singleton live-born infant. Cases were women giving birth before 37 completed weeks of gestation (preterm birth). Controls were women giving birth at term (≥37weeks). Data were collected through questionnaires, medical records and intra-oral clinical examinations, which included dental caries registration according to World Health Organization criteria and oral biofilm evaluation through visible plaque index. RESULTS Ninety-one women had preterm birth (cases) and 188 women had birth at term (controls), ratio 1:2. Caries lesions were present in 62.3% of the cases and in 62.5% of the controls. The univariate analysis showed no association between dental caries and preterm birth (Odds Ratio=1.08, p=0.90). The multivariate analysis showed that maternal educational level (Odds Ratio=2.56, p=0.01) and arterial hypertension (Odds Ratio=2.32, p=0.01) were associated with prematurity. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that dental caries is frequent in postpartum women, but it does not appear to be associated with preterm birth. Meanwhile, maternal education level and arterial hypertension were associated with prematurity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Clara F Vieira
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil.
| | - Cláudia M C Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Vandilson P Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Cecília C C Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Isaac S Gomes-Filho
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil
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Poudel P, Griffiths R, Wong VW, Arora A, George A. Knowledge and practices of diabetes care providers in oral health care and their potential role in oral health promotion: A scoping review. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 130:266-277. [PMID: 28662464 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM Oral health complications are common in people with diabetes yet very little is reported about the oral health care provided in diabetes care setting. This study reviewed global evidence on the oral health care knowledge and practices of diabetes care providers and the role of non-dental health professionals in oral health promotion. METHODS A systematic search of five databases was undertaken with key search terms using a scoping review framework. Relevant studies published till October 2016 in the English language were included (n=30) and no restrictions were placed on the study design, quality or setting. RESULTS Most diabetes care providers are not addressing oral health care with the main barriers being time constraints and limited oral health knowledge. Diabetes educators (DEs) could engage in oral health promotion with few studies showing this model of care can translate into improved patient outcomes. However, no appropriate oral health training programs and assessment tools exist for DEs. With proper training, non-dental professionals like nurses have successfully incorporated oral healthcare in other settings. CONCLUSIONS DEs are well placed to promote oral health in diabetes care setting. Further research is needed to identify barriers and oral health resources to support DEs in this role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Poudel
- Collaboration for Oral Health Outcomes, Research Translation and Evaluation (COHORTE) Research Group, Western Sydney University, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Ingham Institute Applied Medical Research, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool 1871, Australia.
| | - Rhonda Griffiths
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia
| | - Vincent W Wong
- Diabetes and Endocrine Service, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool Diabetes Collaborative Research Unit, Ingham Institute Applied Medical Research, South Western Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool BC, NSW 1871, Australia
| | - Amit Arora
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, COHORTE Research Group, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Ingham Institute Applied Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, Building 24.2.97, Campbelltown Campus, WSU, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Ajesh George
- COHORTE Research Group, Western Sydney University, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Ingham Institute Applied Medical Research, University of Sydney, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool 1871, Australia
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Knowledge and opinion of pharmacists on emergency contraceptive pills in Hungary. Int J Clin Pharm 2017; 39:594-600. [PMID: 28349341 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-017-0448-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are used to prevent unintended pregnancy. There is a worldwide intention to improve access to ECPs; therefore, identifying potential barriers to introducing over-the counter (OTC) access is of utmost importance. As pharmacists are the key personnel to convey accurate drug information, their knowledge and attitude on ECPs is important. Objective We aimed to conduct a nationwide study to assess pharmacists' knowledge on ECPs and to survey their opinion on sales category change of ECPs (i.e. to introduce OTC access in pharmacies). Setting Registered pharmacists in Hungary. Method A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with an anonymous, web-based questionnaire. Univariate analysis (Mann-Whitney U test and Fischer's exact test) was used to identify factors associated with supportive opinion toward OTC provision. Main outcome measure Knowledge level of pharmacists, proportion of pharmacists with supportive opinion on OTC access. Results 357 out of 2019 pharmacists completed the questionnaire, yielding a 17.7% response rate. Almost 30% of pharmacists (N = 99) agreed that ECPs should have an OTC availability in Hungary. More than 40% of pharmacists (N = 145) considered ECPs as contraceptives. On average, 55.18% (standard deviation: ±12.40%) of the answers were correct, showing moderate knowledge of the pharmacists. Age and rating ECPs as contraceptives were significantly associated with supportive opinion toward OTC provision (p < 0.001). The effect of knowledge on the pharmacist's opinion was significant in young pharmacists (p = 0.02). Conclusion Pharmacists' knowledge and opinion on ECPs should be improved, especially that of the young ones. Currently the attitude of pharmacists does not favor sales category changes of ECPs in Hungary.
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