1
|
Festa F, Festa M, Medori S, Perrella G, Valentini P, Bolino G, Macrì M. Midpalatal Suture Maturation in Relation to Age, Sex, and Facial Skeletal Growth Patterns: A CBCT Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:1013. [PMID: 39201947 PMCID: PMC11353169 DOI: 10.3390/children11081013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evaluation of midpalatal suture maturation is essential to undertake the most predictable maxillary expansion approach. Several factors, such as age, gender, and facial growth patterns, seem to be involved in midpalatal suture staging and, consequently, in its opening; however, the link between these variables and the stages of midpalatal suture development remains poorly understood. Our study aimed to analyse the midpalatal suture maturation in relation to age, sex, and skeletal growth patterns by CBCT. METHODS We enrolled 263 patients (119 males and 144 females) aged from 8 to 20 years. The midpalatal suture maturation was defined according to Angelieri et al.'s classification using a low-dose CBCT. The chi-square test and linear regression were applied to investigate the suture stages by age, sex, and vertical and sagittal growth patterns. RESULTS Stage A was present in 8- and 9-year-olds with a larger prevalence in boys, while the prevalence of stage E increased progressively with age. Stage D was the most prevalent in our sample. The statistical analysis described that stage A was more likely in the youngest subjects, and stage E in the oldest participants. The males tended to have lower maturation stages. Moreover, the hypodivergent and normodivergent subjects tended to have higher maturation stages, while Class III was more likely in subjects in stages D or E. CONCLUSIONS A total of 127 patients were in stages A, B, and C, showing an unfused suture. In young individuals, the opening of the midpalatal suture leads to a proper facial growth development by correcting the transverse superior hypoplasia. The midpalatal sutural maturation classification was related to age, sex, and divergence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felice Festa
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Mario Festa
- Department of Anatomic, Histologic, Medical-Legal Sciences and of Locomotor System, Rome University Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Medori
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giada Perrella
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Valentini
- Department of Economics, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bolino
- Department of Anatomic, Histologic, Medical-Legal Sciences and of Locomotor System, Rome University Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Macrì
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin TW, Zhang JL, Chen L, Chen Z, Ai H, Mai ZH. Impact of Invisalign® first system on molar width and incisor torque in malocclusion during the mixed dentition period. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38742. [PMID: 38968482 PMCID: PMC11224868 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In orthodontic treatment of patients during the mixed dentition period, arch expansion and opening deep overbite are one of the objectives to achieve proper alignment of the teeth and correction of sagittal and vertical discrepancies. However, the expected outcomes of most therapeutic regimens are not clear, making it impossible to standardize early treatment effects. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the impact of the Invisalign® First System on the dental arch circumference and incisor inclination in patients during the mixed dentition period. A total of 21 children during the mixed dentition period (10 females and 11 males, with an average age of 8.76 years) were included in this study. The patients received non-extraction treatment through Invisalign® First System clear aligners, and no other auxiliary devices were used except Invisalign® accessories. Subsequently, the cooperation degree of patients during treatment and the oral measurement parameters at the beginning (T1) and the end (T2) of treatment were collected. All patients showed moderate/good cooperation degree during treatment. Besides, horizontal width of the maxillary first molar increased significantly; the designed arch expansion was 4.1 mm (±1.4 mm), while the actual arch expansion was 3.0 mm (±1.7 mm). Furthermore, the torque expression rate of upper anterior teeth reached 56.53%. Invisalign® First System clear aligners can effectively correct the teeth of patients during the mixed dentition period, widen the circumference of dental arch, and control the torque of incisors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Wei Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Lan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Ai
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Mai
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang X, Huang W, Pei T, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Gu Y, Bai X. Evaluation of three-dimensional reconstructed palatal morphology in skeletal class III subjects with different vertical patterns using cone beam computed tomography. Head Face Med 2024; 20:8. [PMID: 38281028 PMCID: PMC10821571 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-024-00408-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the difference of three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed palatal morphology between subjects with skeletal Class III and skeletal Class I in different vertical patterns using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS In this study, 89 subjects with skeletal Class III (49 females, 40 males; 25.45 ± 3.81 years) and 85 subjects with skeletal Class I (45 females, 40 males; 23.95 ± 4.45 years) were collected retrospectively and divided into hyperdivergent, normodivergent and hypodivergent groups. Dolphin software was used to reorient the CBCT images of these subjects. After segmenting 3D object of maxilla from the 3D skull by ProPlan software, Geomagic Studio was used to reconstruct 3D palatal morphology and establish an average 3D palatal morphology for each group. The differences of 3D palatal morphology between different groups were compared by deviation patterns on 3D colored map analysis. RESULTS 3D colored map analysis showed the posterior part of male's palate was higher and wider than that of female's palate in skeletal Class III subjects. In skeletal Class III subjects, males with hyperdivergent pattern had a higher and narrower palate compared with hypodivergent subjects, while females with hyperdivergent had a higher but not obviously narrower palate compared with hypodivergent subjects. In the similar vertical patterns, skeletal Class III subjects had a flatter but not narrower palate compared with skeletal Class I subjects, along with a smaller palate volume. CONCLUSIONS This method allows more intuitive between-group comparisons of the differences of 3D palatal morphology. In skeletal Class III subjects, as the vertical dimension increased, the palate tends to be higher and narrower. Therefore, the influence of vertical patterns on the palatal morphology should be fully considered in the orthodontic and orthognathic treatment of skeletal Class III subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, PR China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenbin Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, PR China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Tao Pei
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yijiao Zhao
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- Center of Digital Dentistry, Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yan Gu
- National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No. 22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Xueqin Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Center, Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lione R, Cretella Lombardo E, Paoloni V, Meuli S, Pavoni C, Cozza P. Upper arch dimensional changes with clear aligners in the early mixed dentition : A prospective study. J Orofac Orthop 2023; 84:33-40. [PMID: 34477905 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One goal of orthodontic treatment in mixed dentition is to expand the maxillary arch to allow proper tooth alignment and a correction of sagittal and vertical malocclusions. However, for most treatment protocols, expected outcome is not really clear to allow for a standardization of phase I orthodontic treatments. This lack of information makes it difficult for clinicians to predict tooth movements, including transverse expansion efficacy with Invisalign® (Align Technology, Santa Clara, CA, USA) in children. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the transverse maxillary arch development with the Invisalign First System® in growing subjects. METHODS The study group included 23 subjects (9 females, 14 males, mean age 9.4 ± 1.2 years). Patients were treated nonextraction with Invisalign First System® clear aligners with no auxiliaries other than Invisalign® attachments. Transverse interdental widths were measured only in the upper arch on each model at the start (T1) and at the end (T2) of treatment. A paired t‑test was chosen to compare T2-T1 changes. The level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS The greatest increase of maxillary width was detected at the level of the upper first deciduous molars (+3.7 ± 1.4 mm; P < 0.001), followed by the level of the second deciduous molars (+3.4 ± 1.6 mm; P < 0.001) and by the deciduous canine (+2.6 ± 2.0 mm; P < 0.001). Upper first molars showed a greater expansion in the intermolar mesial width (+3.2 ± 1.2 mm; P < 0.001) than in the intermolar distal (+1.7 ± 1.2 mm; P < 0.001) and transpalatal width (+1.2 ± 1.2 mm; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The Invisalign First System® can be considered effective in growing patients who require maxillary arch development. The greatest net increase was detected at the level of upper first deciduous molars, whereas the upper first molars showed a greater expansion in the intermolar mesial width due to a rotation that occurs around its palatal root.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lione
- Department of Dentistry, UNSBC, Tirana, Albania
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Paoloni
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Simonetta Meuli
- Department of Aging, Neurological, Orthopedic and Head-Neck, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Pavoni
- Department of Dentistry, UNSBC, Tirana, Albania
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Cozza
- Department of Dentistry, UNSBC, Tirana, Albania
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Viale Oxford 81, 00133, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mian M, Tan J, Yong R, Williams R, Labrinidis A, Anderson PJ, Ranjitkar S. Craniofacial Phenomics: Three-Dimensional Assessment of the Size and Shape of Cranial and Dentofacial Structures. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2403:107-127. [PMID: 34913120 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1847-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial phenomics has opened up numerous opportunities to correlate genetic and epigenetic factors to craniofacial phenotypes in order to improve our understanding of growth and development in health and disease. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging has played a key role in advancing craniofacial phenomics by facilitating highly sensitive and specific characterizations of craniofacial and dental morphology. Here we describe the use of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to image the murine craniofacial complex, followed by surface reconstruction for traditional morphometric analyses. We also describe the application of geometric morphometrics, based on Generalized Procrustes Analysis, for use in human premolars. These principles are interchangeable between various vertebrate species, and between various surface imaging techniques (including micro-CT and 3D surface scanners), offering a high level of versatility and precision for extensive phenotyping of the entire craniofacial complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Mian
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jenny Tan
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Robin Yong
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ruth Williams
- Adelaide Microscopy, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Agatha Labrinidis
- Adelaide Microscopy, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Australian Craniofacial Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarbin Ranjitkar
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fabozzi FF, Nucci L, Correra A, d'Apuzzo F, Franchi L, Perillo L. Comparison of two protocols for early treatment of dentoskeletal Class III malocclusion: Modified SEC III versus RME/FM. Orthod Craniofac Res 2020; 24:344-350. [PMID: 33179446 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the short-term cephalometric outcomes of the protocols modified splints, Class III elastics, chincup (SEC III) and rapid maxillary expansion and facial mask (RME/FM) for the early treatment of growing subjects with Class III dentoskeletal malocclusion. SETTINGS AND SAMPLE POPULATION This retrospective observational study included 20 patients (11 males, nine females) treated with the modified SEC III protocol and 31 patients (16 males, 15 females) treated with the RME/FM one. The sample was evaluated before (T1, mean age 7.9 ± 1.0 years) and at the end of treatment (T2, mean age 9.0 ± 1.0 years). Statistical comparisons between the two groups were performed with independent sample t tests. RESULTS Both the modified SEC III and the RME/FM sample groups showed significantly favourable effects in terms of maxillary advancement (SNA +1.3° and +1.5°, respectively), control of mandibular projection (SNB -0.5° and -0.8°, respectively), and intermaxillary relationships (ANB +1.8° and +2.3°, respectively; Wits +3.4 and +1.9 mm, respectively). The modified SEC III group showed a statistically significant greater control in the intermaxillary divergency considering the SN to Pal. Pl. (P < 0.006) and Pal. Pl. to Mand. Pl. angle (P < 0.002) with a difference of 2.3 mm between the two groups. LIMITATIONS The main limitations of this study are its retrospective nature and the short-term outcomes. CONCLUSION Early treatment of growing patients with dentoskeletal Class III disharmonies is efficient using either modified SEC III or RME/FM protocols. However, a higher vertical control is achieved with the modified SEC III.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Federica Fabozzi
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Nucci
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonia Correra
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizia d'Apuzzo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Franchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Letizia Perillo
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|