1
|
David DA, Rodrigues ÂR, Amaral J, Geraldes F. Submucous leiomyoma: an uncommon cause of heavy menstrual bleeding in early adolescence. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e258426. [PMID: 38538101 PMCID: PMC10982701 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-258426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas are rare in the paediatric population. This report describes a rare case of a submucous leiomyoma in an adolescent girl. The patient presented with a history of abnormal and painful period which was refractory to medical treatment. Sonographic findings revealed a uterine mass that protruded through the cervix until the upper third of the vagina. A hysteroscopic resection was performed, and a pathological examination confirmed a leiomyoma. 12 months after surgery, there were no signs of recurrence. Conservative sparing-fertility management, such as hysteroscopic resection, is the best option with a type 0 submucosal fibroid, especially in adolescents and young women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Agostinho David
- Department of Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ângela Reis Rodrigues
- Department of Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Amaral
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Geraldes
- Department of Gynecology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bosilah AH, Hussein M, Alboghdady MA, Zaky A, Almorsy AS, Taha WS, El Azeem MFA, Sholkamy AM, Khafagy WAE, Abdelmoaty MA, Eldahab IMA, Mohamed BEE, Diab YMS, Mohammed AH, Shaaban ASH, Taha EM, Elboghdady AA, Sileem SA, Essawy HG, Elshahat EF, Soror GIE, Mohamed HMA. To B or not to B: the application of uterine compression sutures to reduce blood loss after myomectomy. PRZEGLAD MENOPAUZALNY = MENOPAUSE REVIEW 2024; 23:21-24. [PMID: 38690072 PMCID: PMC11056725 DOI: 10.5114/pm.2024.136954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The aim was to assess the hemostatic impact of B-Lynch sutures following an open myomectomy for efficacy. Material and methods In this prospective clinical research, performed in Alazhar university hospitals (Al-Hussain, Damietta, Assiut) and Minia University Maternity Hospital, 250 women scheduled for open myomectomy between January 2021 and January 2023 had multiple fibroid uteri with uterine sizes corresponding to 12-22 weeks. There were two groups of women. Group I (125) underwent standard open myomectomy surgery, whereas Group II (125) underwent normal open laparotomy surgery followed by B-Lynch sutures. Certain inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to every patient. We recorded vital data, length of the procedure, complications (bleeding during the procedure, bleeding from multiple bites, bladder injury, fever, wound infection), complete blood count before and after surgery, need for blood transfusion, postoperative vital data, time until ambulation, passing flatus, and ability to eat and drink, as well as the amount of blood lost during and after the procedure. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in age, parity, weight, number of fibroids, or uterine size as measured by ultrasonography. Between groups I and II, there was a significant difference in the average intraoperative blood loss (Group I lost 562.6 ml, whereas Group II lost 411.3 ml) as well as the mean blood loss following surgery (205 ±82 ml in Group I and 117 ±41 ml in Group II). No significant difference was observed in the mean length of hospital stay between groups I and II (2 ±0.3 days and 2 ±0.6 days, respectively). Conclusions Using a B-Lynch suture can help minimize blood loss during and after an open myomectomy. Therefore, if the uterus is large and has a lot of fibroids, it is recommended to be done frequently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Almandouh H. Bosilah
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hussein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdelwahed Alboghdady
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Islamic Centre for Population Studies and Research, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Zaky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Shafik Almorsy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University Damietta, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Wael Soliman Taha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Amr Mohamed Sholkamy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael Abd Elatief Khafagy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ART Unit, International Islamic Institute, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | - Ahmed Hashim Mohammed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Elsayed Mohammad Taha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adel Aly Elboghdady
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sileem Ahmed Sileem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ghada Ibrahim Elsaid Soror
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Barahmeh S, Shrateh ON, Jobran AWM, Hamarsheh L, Tanib I, Alwahsh MJ. Rare clinical entity of huge leiomyoma uteri in a 17-year-old adolescent managed with a fertility-sparing procedure: Case report and literature review. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 107:108367. [PMID: 37271023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE The most frequent benign uterine tumor is uterine fibroids. Approximately, 20 to 30 % of women between the ages of 30 and 50 have them. Teenagers do, however, rarely experience them; the prevalence is less than 1 % in general population. CASE PRESENTATION We present a 17-year-old nulliparous female who was admitted to the hospital due to gradually increasing abdominopelvic pain. Transabdominal pelvic ultrasound showed massive uterine enlargement, with a heterogenous structure within the fundus measuring 9.8 cm in diameter. Pelvic MRI revealed an enlarged uterus with a heterogeneous complex mass measuring 10.78 cm by 8 cm that seemed to be compressing but was not attached to the endometrium The findings from the radiology review were concerning for leiomyoma. Intraoperative findings showed a 13-cm anterior intramural mass with normally appearing fallopian tubes and ovaries bilaterally. Resection of the mass was done, and the entire specimen was sent to pathology which confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma. DISCUSSION Occurrence of uterine fibroids in the young and adolescent age is extremely rare with an estimated prevalence of less than 1 %. Leiomyosarcoma is a less frequent diagnosis to take into account, but it can be identified histologically. Therefore, a myomectomy that preserves fertility enables a diagnostic chance to rule out a probable cancer. CONCLUSION When young women present with steadily worsening abdominopelvic discomfort, it is crucial to include leiomyomas in the differential diagnosis despite the rarity of leiomyomas in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samer Barahmeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine; Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine.
| | - Oadi N Shrateh
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine.
| | | | - Lyudmila Hamarsheh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine.
| | - Iyas Tanib
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Mohammad J Alwahsh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Istishari Arab Hospital, Ramallah, Palestine
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arezzo F, Cormio G, Putino C, Di Lillo N, Silvestris E, Kardhashi A, Cazzolla A, Lombardi C, Mongelli M, Cazzato G, Loizzi V. Overlap of Suspicious and Non-Suspicious Features in the Ultrasound Evaluations of Leiomyosarcoma: A Single-Center Experience. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13030543. [PMID: 36766648 PMCID: PMC9914677 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare type of mesenchymal tumor. Suspecting LMS before surgery is crucial for proper patient management. Ultrasound is the primary method for assessing myometrial lesions. The overlapping of clinical, laboratory, as well as ultrasound features between fibroids and LMS makes differential diagnosis difficult. We report our single-center experience in ultrasound imaging assessment of LMS patients, highlighting that misleading findings such as shadowing and absent or minimal vascularization may also occur in LMS. To avoid mistakes, a comprehensive evaluation of potentially overlapping ultrasound features is necessary in preoperative ultrasound evaluations of all myometrial tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Arezzo
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3274961788
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Interdisciplinar Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Carmela Putino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Lillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Erica Silvestris
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Anila Kardhashi
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Ambrogio Cazzolla
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Claudio Lombardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Mongelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vera Loizzi
- Interdisciplinar Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang Q, Ciebiera M, Bariani MV, Ali M, Elkafas H, Boyer TG, Al-Hendy A. Comprehensive Review of Uterine Fibroids: Developmental Origin, Pathogenesis, and Treatment. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:678-719. [PMID: 34741454 PMCID: PMC9277653 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids are benign monoclonal neoplasms of the myometrium, representing the most common tumors in women worldwide. To date, no long-term or noninvasive treatment option exists for hormone-dependent uterine fibroids, due to the limited knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and development of uterine fibroids. This paper comprehensively summarizes the recent research advances on uterine fibroids, focusing on risk factors, development origin, pathogenetic mechanisms, and treatment options. Additionally, we describe the current treatment interventions for uterine fibroids. Finally, future perspectives on uterine fibroids studies are summarized. Deeper mechanistic insights into tumor etiology and the complexity of uterine fibroids can contribute to the progress of newer targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Yang
- Qiwei Yang, Ph.D. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, M167, Billings, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Michal Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Cegłowska 80, 01-809, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hoda Elkafas
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Egyptian Drug Authority, formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo 35521, Egypt
| | - Thomas G Boyer
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Correspondence: Ayman Al-Hendy, MD, Ph.D. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, N112, Peck Pavilion, Chicago, IL 60637. USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Preoperative Differentiation of Uterine Leiomyomas and Leiomyosarcomas: Current Possibilities and Future Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081966. [PMID: 35454875 PMCID: PMC9029111 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The distinguishing of uterine leiomyosarcomas (ULMS) and uterine leiomyomas (ULM) before the operation and histopathological evaluation of tissue is one of the current challenges for clinicians and researchers. Recently, a few new and innovative methods have been developed. However, researchers are trying to create different scales analyzing available parameters and to combine them with imaging methods with the aim of ULMs and ULM preoperative differentiation ULMs and ULM. Moreover, it has been observed that the technology, meaning machine learning models and artificial intelligence (AI), is entering the world of medicine, including gynecology. Therefore, we can predict the diagnosis not only through symptoms, laboratory tests or imaging methods, but also, we can base it on AI. What is the best option to differentiate ULM and ULMS preoperatively? In our review, we focus on the possible methods to diagnose uterine lesions effectively, including clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory tests, imaging methods, molecular aspects, available scales, and AI. In addition, considering costs and availability, we list the most promising methods to be implemented and investigated on a larger scale.
Collapse
|
7
|
Khaja A, Shim JY, Laufer MR. Benign Uterine Neoplasm as a Cause of Prepubertal Bleeding. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2022; 35:88-90. [PMID: 34271196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaginal bleeding in the prepubertal child has several etiologies, including structural anomalies, endocrinologic dysfunction, infection, trauma, foreign body, and hematologic disorders. CASE An 8-year-old premenarcheal girl presented with vaginal bleeding. On ultrasound, she was found to have an intramural hyperechogenic mass in the left uterine fundus. This was biopsied and showed smooth muscle. She was subsequently started on a GnRH agonist to suppress bleeding and has since been followed with serial ultrasounds. We have 6 years of follow-up imaging showing a presumed adenomyoma versus fibroid that has been stable in size. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION We present a novel case of adenomyosis presenting as prepubertal bleeding. Pelvic imaging is prudent to exclude structural etiologies as the cause of prepubertal vaginal bleeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Khaja
- Boston Gynecology Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - J Y Shim
- Boston Gynecology Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M R Laufer
- Boston Gynecology Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Foo T, Nama V, Attygalle AD, Williams J, Heelan K, Butler S, McVeigh TP. Uterine leiomyomatosis in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) may represent a narrow phenotypic variant of FH tumour predisposition syndrome. Fam Cancer 2021; 21:357-362. [PMID: 34519924 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-021-00272-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
FH Tumour Predisposition Syndrome, also known as Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC), or Reed Syndrome, is an autosomal dominant condition clinically characterized by multiple cutaneous leiomyomas, multiple early-onset uterine leiomyomas and early-onset renal cell cancer. Here we report a young female with FH Tumour Predisposition Syndrome with no clinical features except early-onset uterine leiomyomas. Whilst there is a significant history of uterine leiomyomas in her family, there is no history of cutaneous leiomyomas or renal cell cancer (RCC). Uterine leiomyomatosis in young adults may represent a narrow phenotypic variant of FH Tumour Predisposition Syndrome. It is important that young women who present with multiple leiomyomata or leiomyomata with atypical features are referred for molecular genetic testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Foo
- Cancer Genetics Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,Department of Gynaecological Oncology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Vivek Nama
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Croydon University Hospital, Croydon, UK
| | - Ayoma D Attygalle
- Department of Histopathology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Williams
- Department of Histopathology, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Kara Heelan
- Department of Dermatology, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Samantha Butler
- Molecular Genetics, West Midlands Regional Laboratory, Birmingham, UK
| | - Terri P McVeigh
- Cancer Genetics Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gong YY, George V, Appleton J, Guan X, Adeyemi-Fowode O. Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery for Leiomyoma in the Adolescent Patient: A Case Report. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2021; 34:573-575. [PMID: 33675982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2021.02.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) is an exciting new modality in the field of minimal access surgery. This case illustrates the feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic surgery for uterine pathology in the pediatric and adolescent population. CASE A 19-year-old girl presented with pelvic pain. Transabdominal pelvic ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple fibroids with rapid enlargement over a year. In collaboration with the Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery team, single incision laparoscopic myomectomy was performed with satisfactory results. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Complex uterine pathology can be managed with minimally invasive surgery with excellent clinical outcomes. SILS is a rapidly developing field that may represent the future of laparoscopic surgery and can be used to treat reproductive pathology in the pediatric and adolescent population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Gong
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - V George
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - J Appleton
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - X Guan
- Division of Minimally Invasive Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston Texas
| | - O Adeyemi-Fowode
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The importance of compression sonoelastography in improving the diagnostics of the pathology of myometrium. EUREKA: HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.21303/2504-5679.2021.001908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of the clinical picture and the asymptomatic nature of the clinical manifestations of myometrial pathology cause difficulties in diagnosis. There is a lack of reliable diagnostic criteria for this pathology, in particular, imaging, especially with the simultaneous combination of adenomyosis and leiomyoma.
The aim of the research. Determination of the possibility of compression sonoelastography in the diagnosis of myometrial pathology and determination of its sonoelastography characteristics in leiomyoma and adenomyosis, as well as comparison of sonoelastography results with histological data.
Materials and methods. Elastography images of 155 patients with adenomyosis and leiomyoma, as well as combined pathology, were analyzed, the elastography diagnosis of which was confirmed by histological examination.
Results. Leiomyoma and adenomyosis had different elastography characteristics (strain ratios) with different color mapping; their specific characteristics and main differences are determined. Based on sonoelastography, the majority of patients (n=30) were suspected of having uterine fibroids, 14 had adenomyosis, and 42 had adenomyosis and fibroids. Sonoelastography revealed histological signs of adenomyosis in 3 patients with uterine leiomyoma.
Conclusions. Ultrasound examination using compression sonoelastography in such pathological conditions of the myometrium as adenomyosis and leiomyoma, as well as unchanged myometrium, makes it possible to determine changes in the degree of elasticity of the myometrium in the corresponding pathology. Sonoelastography allows the identification of clear distinguishing features of fibroids and adenomyosis. The unchanged myometrium has a certain elasticity, which can be equated to a specific numerical value – the coefficient of deformation. This indicator has different meanings in myoma and adenomyosis, which makes it possible to differentiate these pathological conditions of the myometrium. Compression sonoelastography is able to identify clear distinguishing features of leiomyoma and adenomyosis, and consistency of diagnoses based on sonoelastography and histology is significant but not optimal.
Collapse
|
11
|
Murphy CA, Zarudskaya O, Kakish C, Zoorob D, Seo-Patel S. Uterine Fibroid in a 16-Year-Old Adolescent Managed with a Fertility-Sparing Approach: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2021; 34:427-431. [PMID: 33359317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumor of the uterus in adult women. However, it is exceedingly rare in adolescents. CASE A 16-year-old girl presented with severe anemia and abnormal uterine bleeding. MRI of the pelvis demonstrated a 9-cm mass within the uterus concerning for leiomyoma or leiomyosarcoma. A fertility preserving myomectomy led to the final diagnosis of a benign uterine fibroid. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Despite the rare incidence of leiomyomas in adolescents, it is imperative that it is included in the differential diagnosis when young women present with abnormal uterine bleeding. A less common diagnosis to consider is leiomyosarcoma; however, this is histologically diagnosed. Thus, a fertility-preserving myomectomy permits for a diagnostic opportunity to rule out a potential malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio.
| | - Oxana Zarudskaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Carmen Kakish
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Dani Zoorob
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Sonyoung Seo-Patel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ProMedica Toledo Hospital, Toledo, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Opperman P, Suh M, Abasolo P, Abdessalam S. Giant uterine leiomyoma: Not all pediatric pelvic masses are ovarian. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2021.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
13
|
Sahly NN, Banaganapalli B, Sahly AN, Aligiraigri AH, Nasser KK, Shinawi T, Mohammed A, Alamri AS, Bondagji N, Elango R, Shaik NA. Molecular differential analysis of uterine leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas through weighted gene network and pathway tracing approaches. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2021; 67:209-220. [PMID: 33685300 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2021.1876179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Uterine smooth muscular neoplastic growths like benign leiomyomas (UL) and metastatic leiomyosarcomas (ULMS) share similar clinical symptoms, radiological and histological appearances making their clinical distinction a difficult task. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify key genes and pathways involved in transformation of UL to ULMS through molecular differential analysis. Global gene expression profiles of 25 ULMS, 25 UL, and 29 myometrium (Myo) tissues generated on Affymetrix U133A 2.0 human genome microarrays were analyzed by deploying robust statistical, molecular interaction network, and pathway enrichment methods. The comparison of expression signals across Myo vs UL, Myo vs ULMS, and UL vs ULMS groups identified 249, 1037, and 716 significantly expressed genes, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). The analysis of 249 DEGs from Myo vs UL confirms multistage dysregulation of various key pathways in extracellular matrix, collagen, cell contact inhibition, and cytokine receptors transform normal myometrial cells to benign leiomyomas (p value ≤ 0.01). The 716 DEGs between UL vs ULMS were found to affect cell cycle, cell division related Rho GTPases and PI3K signaling pathways triggering uncontrolled growth and metastasis of tumor cells (p value ≤ 0.01). Integration of gene networking data, with additional parameters like estimation of mutation burden of tumors and cancer driver gene identification, has led to the finding of 4 hubs (JUN, VCAN, TOP2A, and COL1A1) and 8 bottleneck genes (PIK3R1, MYH11, KDR, ESR1, WT1, CCND1, EZH2, and CDKN2A), which showed a clear distinction in their distribution pattern among leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas. This study provides vital clues for molecular distinction of UL and ULMS which could further assist in identification of specific diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.Abbreviations UL: Uterine Leiomyomas; ULMS: Uterine Leiomyosarcoma; Myo: Myometrium; DEGs: Differential Expressed Genes; RMA: Robust Multiarray Average; DC: Degree of Centrality; BC: Betweenness of Centrality; CGC: Cancer Gene Census; FDR: False Discovery Rate; TCGA: Cancer Genome Atlas; BP: Biological Process; CC: Cellular Components; MF: Molecular Function; PPI: Protein-Protein Interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Naif Sahly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Babajan Banaganapalli
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed N Sahly
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Aligiraigri
- Department of Hematology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalidah K Nasser
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thoraia Shinawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulhakeem S Alamri
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Centre of Biomedical Sciences Research (CBSR), Deanship of Scientific Research, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabeel Bondagji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramu Elango
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Ahmad Shaik
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brito LGO, Ueno NL, Machado MR. Does Big Mean Evil? Giant, but Benign Uterine Leiomyoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2021; 43:66-71. [PMID: 33513639 PMCID: PMC10183851 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyoma is the most prevalent benign type of gynecological tumor. It affects more than 80% of women worldwide and, within this group, more than 50% may be asymptomatic. However, large fibroid volumes may be associated with symptoms of extrinsic compression, and most of the cases do not present atypical cells. We present the case of a 49-year-old woman who underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy of a 13.5-kg uterine leiomyoma with no malignancies at histopathology and review the literature about giant uterine leiomyomas and their clinical repercussion. We concluded that large volumes do not always pose a threat regarding malignancy; however, future molecular studies are needed to investigate giant uterine fibroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Lysei Ueno
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maira Rossmann Machado
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Manchanda R, Sharma R. Torsion of giant pedunculated subserosal leiomyoma in a premenarchal girl - an index case. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2020; 41:323-325. [PMID: 32515625 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2020.1755833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richa Sharma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, UCMS and GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shen F, Liu Y, Lin L, Zhao M, Chen Q. Association of benign gynaecological diseases and risk of endometrial and ovarian cancers. J Cancer 2020; 11:3186-3191. [PMID: 32231723 PMCID: PMC7097964 DOI: 10.7150/jca.39626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Gynaecologic benign diseases such uterine fibroids share similar pathogeneses with endometrial and ovarian cancers. Whether a history of uterine fibroids increases the risk of developing endometrial or ovarian cancers is controversial, due to uterine fibroids was self-reported in those studies. Methods: In our current case-control study, 268 women with endometrial cancer and 108 women with ovarian cancer were included. In addition, 500 women without gynaecological cancers were randomly selected as a control group. Uterine fibroids in both groups were clinically diagnosed by pelvic examination and ultrasound. Data on age, parity, gravida, stages of cancers and history of uterine fibroids, endometriosis and adenomyosis were collected from hospital database. Results: After adjusted age and parity, the odds of women with history of uterine fibroids or endometriosis were lower in women with endometrial cancer than controls (odds ratio: 0.148, 95% CI: 0.097, 0.225, or 0.360, 95% CI: 0094, 1.381, respectively). The odds of women with a history of uterine fibroids or endometriosis were lower in women with ovarian cancer than controls (odds ratio: 0.141, 95% CI: 0.085, 0.235, or 1.057, 95% CI: 0.377, 2.963, respectively). However, the odds of women with a history of adenomyosis were higher in women with endometrial or ovarian cancers than controls (odd ratio: 3.757, 95% CI: 1.858, 7.599 or 2.341, 95% CI: 1.086, 5.045, respectively). Conclusion: Our observational data suggested that uterine fibroids or endometriosis may be not associated with the increased risk of developing endometrial or ovarian cancer. However, a history of adenomyosis may do.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Shen
- Suzhou Ninth People's Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Luling Lin
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology, The affiliated Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Qi Chen
- The Hospital of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Fudan University, China
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kumura NDS, Siarezi S. A Case of a Prolapsed Fibroid in a 12-Year-Old Girl. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2020; 33:96-97. [PMID: 31536802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine fibroids are a common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in adult women, but are extremely rare in the adolescent years. CASE A 12-year-old nulliparous girl presented with abnormal uterine bleeding and was found to have a prolapsing submucosal fibroid. The fibroid and her symptoms were successfully removed using an Endosnare. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION The most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescent bleeding is due to anovulation. Though rare, fibroids should remain on the differential as the cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in the adolescent population, particularly if symptoms persist despite initial therapy. Fibroids can be managed successfully with minimally invasive techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikki D S Kumura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii.
| | - Sherry Siarezi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Popp B, Erber R, Kraus C, Vasileiou G, Hoyer J, Burghaus S, Hartmann A, Beckmann MW, Reis A, Agaimy A. Targeted sequencing of FH-deficient uterine leiomyomas reveals biallelic inactivating somatic fumarase variants and allows characterization of missense variants. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:2341-2353. [PMID: 32612247 PMCID: PMC7581509 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas (ULs) constitute a considerable health burden in the general female population. The fumarate hydratase (FH) deficient subtype is found in up to 1.6% and can occur in hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) syndrome. We sequenced 13 FH deficient ULs from a previous immunohistochemical screen using a targeted panel and identified biallelic FH variants in all. In eight, we found an FH point mutation (two truncating, six missense) with evidence for loss of the second allele. Variant allele-frequencies in all cases with a point mutation pointed to somatic variants. Spatial clustering of the identified missense variants in the lyase domain indicated altered fumarase oligomerization with subsequent degradation as explanation for the observed FH deficiency. Biallelic FH deletions in five tumors confirm the importance of copy number loss as mutational mechanism. By curating all pathogenic FH variants and calculating their population frequency, we estimate a carrier frequency of up to 1/2,563. Comparing with the prevalence of FH deficient ULs, we conclude that most are sporadic and estimate 2.7-13.9% of females with an FH deficient UL to carry a germline FH variant. Further prospective tumor/normal sequencing studies are needed to develop a reliable screening strategy for HLRCC in women with ULs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernt Popp
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.9647.c0000 0004 7669 9786Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Hospitals and Clinics, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ramona Erber
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kraus
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georgia Vasileiou
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Juliane Hoyer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Burghaus
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias W. Beckmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Erlangen, Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Baranov VS, Osinovskaya NS, Yarmolinskaya MI. Pathogenomics of Uterine Fibroids Development. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6151. [PMID: 31817606 PMCID: PMC6940759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We review recent studies dealing with the molecular genetics and basic results of omics analysis of uterine leiomyoma (LM)-a common benign muscle tumor of the uterus. Whole genome studies of LM resulted in the discovery of many new gene nets and biological pathways, including its origin, transcriptomic, and epigenetic profiles, as well as the impact of the inter-cell matrix in LM growth and involvement of microRNA in its regulation. New data on somatic cell mutations ultimately involved in the origin, distribution and growth of LM are reviewed. Putative identification of LM progenitor SC (stem cells) giving rise to maternal fibroid nodes and junctional zones provide a new clue for hypotheses on the pathogenomics of LM. The reviewed data are consistent with at least two different but probably intimately interacted molecular mechanisms of LM. One of them (the genetic hypothesis) is focused primarily on the MED12 gene mutations and suggests its onset in the side population of embryonic myoblasts of the female reproductive system, which later gave rise to multiple small and medium fibroids. The single and usually large-size fibroids are induced by predominantly epigenetic disorders in LM SC, provoked by enhanced expression of the HMGA2 gene caused by its hypomethylation and epigenetic deregulation enhanced by hypoxia, muscle tension, or chromosome instability/aberrations. The pathogenomics of both genetic and epigenetic programs of LM with many peculiarities at the beginning later became rather similar and partly overlapped due to the proximity of their gene nets and epigenetic landscape. Pathogenomic studies of LM open ways for elaboration of novel strategies of prevention and treatment of this common disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav S. Baranov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (N.S.O.); (M.I.Y.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Morita N, Tanaka T, Hashida S, Tsunetoh S, Taniguchi K, Komura K, Ohmichi M. Uterine leiomyoma in a 13-year-old adolescent successfully treated with laparoscopic myomectomy: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18301. [PMID: 31804377 PMCID: PMC6919386 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Uterine leiomyoma, which is very common gynecological tumor in the reproductive years, is extremely rare in adolescence. We herein report a case of a uterine leiomyoma treated with laparoscopic surgery in an adolescent. PATIENT CONCERNS A 13-year-old girl with no gravida and her first menses at 11 years of age reported feeling bloated. She had a regular menstrual cycle but felt increased abdominal distension. DIAGNOSIS Transabdominal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed uterine leiomyoma with a diameter of 10 cm. INTERVENTION Laparoscopic myomectomy was performed. OUTCOMES The total weight of the leiomyoma removed was 660 g with pathological diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma. The postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was free of disease at the follow-up consultation 18 months after the treatment. LESSONS Laparoscopic approach is a very useful and minimally invasive surgery for symptomatic leiomyoma in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomohito Tanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | | | | | - Kohei Taniguchi
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Komura
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Igboeli P, Walker W, McHugh A, Sultan A, Al-Hendy A. Burden of Uterine Fibroids: An African Perspective, A Call for Action and Opportunity for Intervention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 2:287-294. [PMID: 32647835 PMCID: PMC7344264 DOI: 10.18314/cogo.v2i1.1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Black women carry the burden of uterine fibroids, (AKA uterine leiomyomas), at a much higher rate than their racial counterparts. Thus, increasing awareness and discovering a solution to an endemic problem that plagues Sub-Saharan Africa is of critical importance, not only for the region itself, but also for the medical community globally. A collaborative, patient oriented, cost effective, and culturally sensitive approach must be at the forefront of this endeavor. While the exact pathogenesis of uterine fibroid development remains elusive, the racial disparity is well documented. Moreover, in the developed world, women are able to seek treatment through surgical and non-surgical means; however, sub-Saharan regions face their own challenges that, if not addressed, can ultimately extinguish the lives of many suffering women. Unfortunately, the literature is scarce on how to prevent fibroid development, which may be critical for women who do not have access to effective interventions. Recent research from our group and others has shown that vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in fibroid development and may be a preventable risk factor. Daily vitamin D supplementation is a low cost, effective intervention that could be implemented throughout the Sub-Saharan region. Similarly, education and increased awareness as to the nature and symptoms of uterine fibroids could improve the quality of life, remove negative social stigma, and reduce morbidity and mortality rates in women who seek medical care with advanced uterine fibroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Igboeli
- University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - W Walker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - A McHugh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - A Sultan
- Xavier University School of Medicine, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - A Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bumbuliene Z, Sragyte D, Klimasenko J, Bumbul-Mazurek E. Abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents: ultrasound evaluation of uterine volume. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:356-359. [PMID: 30480465 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2018.1538345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate ultrasonographic measurements of internal genitalia in girls suffering from abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and to compare the appearances with those of healthy girls. DESIGN Prospective case - control study. METHODS One hundred and five not sexually active adolescent girls were enrolled - 67 patients were suffering from AUB and there were 38 healthy peers. The groups did not differ in chronological age, or in postmenarcheal age. All girls underwent assessment of their history, clinical data and transabdominal pelvic ultrasound to evaluate their uterus and ovaries. In order to avoid the impact of endometrium cycle fluctuations, the uterine volume was calculated including and excluding its thickness. RESULTS The uterine volume among the girls suffering from AUB was significantly larger than in the control group. The mean uterine volume including endometrium in the study and control groups was 63.2 ± 24.8 and 47.8 ± 17.5 cm3, respectively (p=.001), and excluding the endometrium was 34.7 ± 13.1 and 29.1 ± 13.8 cm3 (p=.043). We did not find any significant difference in ovarian volume between the groups. CONCLUSIONS The girls in the AUB group have significantly larger uterine volume than healthy girls. This finding does not depend on endometrial thickness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zana Bumbuliene
- a Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University , Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Diana Sragyte
- a Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University , Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Jelena Klimasenko
- a Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University , Vilnius , Lithuania
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ghanem M, Meyer F, Jechorek D, Schoeder V, Ignatov A, Fadel M, Halloul Z. Intravascular (post-hysterectomy) leiomyoma (IVL) as late tumor thrombus within the inferior vena cava (IVC)-A rare case primarily imposing as IVC thrombus originating from left renal vein after former left nephrectomy status. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152359. [PMID: 30853174 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intravascular leiomyoma is a rare type of myoma. It was firstly described by Birch-Hirschfeld in 1896, however, its intracardiac subtype was firstly reported by Durck in 1907. Most patients are asymptomatic. The tumor invades mostly the tributaries of the inferior vena cava (IVC) with upward extension that may approach the intracardiac space. AIM By means of a scientific case report, a patient with the very rare diagnosis of an endocaval leiomyoma thrombus post-hysterectomy is described based on the clinical experiences obtained in the specific case management and selective references from the literature. CASE PRESENTATION A 48-years old female was diagnosed with intravascular tumor growth within the IVC with intracardiac extension using chest and abdominal CT scan, ECG and echocardiography which was approached by an interdisciplinary (vascular and cardiothoracic) surgical intervention (278 min) including heart-lung machine (99 min) with favorable postoperative result (R0 resection status with mid-term outcome, no recurrent tumor growth). Histopathological investigation diagnosed leiomyoma origin already from ovarian vein most likely in context to the former hysterectomy (3 years ago). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Intravascular leiomyoma is a benign tumor with invasive tendency, which can be considered a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. It should be thoroughly investigated to be planned for a radical surgical removal. By possible adherence to the intraabdominal or -thoracic organs, an interdisciplinary and eventually step-wise surgical approach (combining vascular, abdominal, thoracic and heart surgery as well as gynecology and urology), which can be demanding, is recommended to be seriously considered to i) reliably achieve R0 resection status and, thus, ii) provide best outcome, quality of life and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ghanem
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Dept. of General, Abdominal, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University at Magdeburg, Germany
| | - F Meyer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Dept. of General, Abdominal, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University at Magdeburg, Germany
| | - D Jechorek
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University at Magdeburg, Germany
| | - V Schoeder
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University at Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A Ignatov
- Dept. of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University at Magdeburg, Germany
| | - M Fadel
- Dept. of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University at Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Z Halloul
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Dept. of General, Abdominal, Vascular and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University at Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The Usefulness of Immunohistochemistry in the Differential Diagnosis of Lesions Originating from the Myometrium. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051136. [PMID: 30845657 PMCID: PMC6429074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas (LMs), currently the most common gynecological complaint around the world, are a serious medical, social and economic problem. Accurate diagnosis is the necessary prerequisite of the diagnostic-therapeutic process. Statistically, mistakes may occur more often in case of disease entities with high prevalence rates. Histopathology, based on increasingly advanced immunohistochemistry methods, is routinely used in the diagnosis of neoplastic diseases. Markers of the highest sensitivity and specificity profiles are used in the process. As far as LMs are concerned, the crux of the matter is to identify patients with seemingly benign lesions which turn out to be suspicious (e.g., atypical LM) or malignant (e.g., leiomyosarcoma (LMS)), which is not uncommon. In this study, we present the current state of knowledge about the use of immunohistochemical markers in the differential diagnosis of LM, atypical LM, smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP), and LMS, as well as their clinical predictive value.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ajabnoor GMA, Mohammed NA, Banaganapalli B, Abdullah LS, Bondagji ON, Mansouri N, Sahly NN, Vaidyanathan V, Bondagji N, Elango R, Shaik NA. Expanded Somatic Mutation Spectrum of MED12 Gene in Uterine Leiomyomas of Saudi Arabian Women. Front Genet 2018; 9:552. [PMID: 30619444 PMCID: PMC6302612 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MED12, a subunit of mediator complex genes is known to harbor genetic mutations, (mostly in exon 2), causal to the genesis of uterine leiomyomas among Caucasian, African American, and Asian women. However, the precise relationship between genetic mutations vs. protein or disease phenotype is not well-explained. Therefore, we sought to replicate the MED12 mutation frequency in leiomyomas of Saudi Arabian women, who represents ethnically and culturally distinct population. We performed molecular screening of MED12 gene (in 308 chromosomes belonging to 154 uterine biopsies), analyzed the genotype-disease phenotype correlations and determined the biophysical characteristics of mutated protein through diverse computational approaches. We discovered that >44% (34/77) leiomyomas of Arab women carry a spectrum of MED12 mutations (30 missense, 1 splice site, and 3 indels). In addition to known codon 44, we observed novel somatic mutations in codons 36, 38, and 55. Most genetically mutated tumors (27/30; 90%) demonstrated only one type of genetic change, highlighting that even single allele change in MED12 can have profound impact in transforming the normal uterine myometrium to leiomyomas. An interesting inverse correlation between tumor size and LH is observed when tumor is positive to MED12 mutation (p < 0.05). Our computational investigations suggest that amino acid substitution mutations in exon-2 region of MED12 might contribute to potential alterations in phenotype as well as the stability of MED12 protein. Our study, being the first one from Arab world, confirms the previous findings that somatic MED12 mutations are critical to development and progression of uterine leiomyomas irrespective of the ethnic background. We recommend that mutation screening, particularly codon 44 of MED12 can assist in molecular diagnostics of uterine leiomyomas in majority of the patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghada M A Ajabnoor
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nesma Amin Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Babajan Banaganapalli
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla Saleh Abdullah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola Nabeel Bondagji
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisma Mansouri
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Naif Sahly
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Venkatesh Vaidyanathan
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabeel Bondagji
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramu Elango
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor Ahmad Shaik
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zigman JS, Brotherton J, Truong C, Yazdany T. Surgical Planning and Counseling in Adolescence: A Case Report of a 16-Year-Old with an Aborting Pelvic Mass. Gynecol Minim Invasive Ther 2018; 7:175-177. [PMID: 30306038 PMCID: PMC6172877 DOI: 10.4103/gmit.gmit_19_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This case illustrates a rare finding and successful treatment of an aborting fibroid in a virginal adolescent. Careful consideration for the exam process, specific counseling, surgical planning and approach in this case are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joy Brotherton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, California, USA
| | - Christina Truong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, California, USA
| | - Tajnoos Yazdany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chen Q, Shi H, Lu W, Lu B. Unexpected uterine sarcomas in 4478 patients with electric power morcellation for leiomyomas. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 230:85-89. [PMID: 30245442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective is to investigate the prevalence, pathology and prognosis of uterine sarcomas in laparoscopic hysterectomy/myomectomy with electric power morcellation for presumed leiomyomas. STUDY DESIGN We retrospectively reviewed patients with laparoscopic power morcellation (LPM) for presumed leiomyomas in a Chinese tertiary institution by chart review from September 1, 2013 to December 31, 2016. RESULTS Twenty-four in 4478 patients (0.54%) with LPM for presumed leiomyomas had unexpected cancers. The patients showed the highest frequency of occult cancers (10/375, 2.6%) at 51-60 years and lowest (0/255) before 30 years. The pathology included 14 endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS) (low-grade 12 and high-grade 2), 9 leiomyosarcomas, and 1 malignant mixed mesodermal tumor. The patients underwent abdominal re-exploration including total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and staging surgery. Three patients were at advanced FIGO stage (IIIb-IVb) and 21 at stage I. Seven patients recurred within 1-25 (mean 6.29) months including 5 leiomyosarcomas, 1 high-grade and 1 low-grade ESS. Four recurrent patients with leiomyosarcomas and one with high-grade ESS died of disease in 1-3 months. Seventeen patients had no relapse and were alive for 6-41 (mean 24) months. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that patients with LPM for presumed leiomyomas appear to have a considerable risk of unexpected cancers. Moreover, morcellation is potentially associated with adverse prognosis in patients with high-grade sarcomas. Informed consent on unexpected cancers that should be discussed before morcellation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China; Center for Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Bingjian Lu
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China; Center for Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Gundabattula SR, Bayyarapu VB, Pochiraju M, Resapu P, Modi T. Natural orifice myomectomy of a large submucous fibroid in a virgin. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 57:466-467. [PMID: 29880188 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manjula Pochiraju
- Department of Gynaecology, Fernandez Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Padmasree Resapu
- Department of Gynaecology, Fernandez Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| | - Tejal Modi
- Department of Histopathology, Apollo Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ernest A, Mwakalebela A, Mpondo BC. Uterine leiomyoma in a 19-year-old girl: Case report and literature review. Malawi Med J 2017; 28:31-3. [PMID: 27217916 DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v28i1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Ernest
- Department of Surgery and Maternal Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Iringa Regional Hospital, Iringa, Tanzania
| | - A Mwakalebela
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Iringa Regional Hospital, Iringa, Tanzania
| | - B C Mpondo
- Department Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2017; 30:335-340. [PMID: 28108214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a very common gynecological condition in female adolescents and a frequent presenting complaint of those with bleeding disorders. Recommendations have been established to screen for bleeding disorders in this age group where appropriate. The purpose of this document is to impart clinical recommendations regarding HMB in adolescents. Specifically, in this article we provide a description of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and treatment of HMB in adolescents.
Collapse
|
31
|
Laparoscopic Myomectomy of a Symptomatic Uterine Leiomyoma in a 15-Year-Old Adolescent. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2016; 29:e87-e90. [PMID: 27262836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although adnexal masses and ovarian torsion are common causes of acute pain in the female adolescent, fibroids are an uncommon etiology and little is reported in the literature. Because of the rarity of adolescent leiomyomas, the best surgical management is still unknown. CASE To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a laparoscopic myomectomy in the adolescent population. The removed fibroid is one of the largest documented cases of uterine leiomyoma in adolescents. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Degenerative fibroids, albeit less common, should be kept on the differential diagnosis, as a possible cause of pelvic mass and pain in the adolescent population. Fibroids in the adolescent patient, like the adult, can be managed with minimally invasive surgery with excellent clinical outcomes.
Collapse
|
32
|
Rajpurkar M, O'Brien SH, Haamid FW, Cooper DL, Gunawardena S, Chitlur M. Heavy Menstrual Bleeding as a Common Presenting Symptom of Rare Platelet Disorders: Illustrative Case Examples. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2016; 29:537-541. [PMID: 26876967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common symptom in patients who present to the obstetrician-gynecologist or adolescent medicine specialist and might result from an underlying inherited bleeding disorder. Whereas relatively common bleeding disorders such as von Willebrand disease are often included in standard laboratory assessments, rarer platelet function disorders can be challenging to diagnose. Additionally, HMB can be a particularly difficult symptom to manage in adolescents with platelet function disorders, and it is associated with decreased quality of life. We review the diagnostic and management issues of patients with platelet function disorders through the presentation of 2 patient case reports, with a focus on a diagnosis of Glanzmann thrombasthenia, an inherited qualitative disorder that affects platelet function. Whereas the first patient presented to the emergency department before the diagnosis of a bleeding disorder and required a hematologic referral and extensive laboratory assessments, the second patient had been diagnosed with Glanzmann thrombasthenia as a child but experienced severe management challenges at the onset of menarche. In both patients, collaboration between the obstetrician-gynecologist or adolescent medicine specialist and the hematologist was critical for achieving acute management of the bleeding symptoms and for ensuring optimal long-term disease management. Together, these cases highlight the importance of properly identifying females with HMB who might have an undiagnosed bleeding disorder and of consulting with a hematologist to determine an appropriate management plan throughout all life stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhvi Rajpurkar
- Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University and Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan.
| | | | | | - David L Cooper
- Clinical Development, Medical and Regulatory Affairs, Novo Nordisk Inc, Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Sriya Gunawardena
- Clinical Development, Medical and Regulatory Affairs, Novo Nordisk Inc, Plainsboro, New Jersey
| | - Meera Chitlur
- Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University and Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Baranov VS, Ivaschenko TE, Yarmolinskaya MI. Comparative systems genetics view of endometriosis and uterine leiomyoma: Two sides of the same coin? Syst Biol Reprod Med 2016; 62:93-105. [PMID: 26828864 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2015.1123325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis (EM) and uterine leiomyoma (UL) are two most frequent benign tumors of monoclonal origin affecting about 30% of all women in their reproductive age. Modern molecular technologies have made a tremendous impact in understanding both disorders. Here is the first comparative analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying development of EM and UL as it looks from the platform of systems genetics. Similarities and differences of EM and UL at their incipient stages are enlightened with special emphasis on their gene networks, gene expression, and epigenetic regulation, of pathologic development. The analysis substantiates a new hypothesis postulating tumors as outgrowths of the stem cells with mesenchymal commitment lineage (mSC) which migrate from the endometrium/myometrium junctional zone of the uterus. Comparative analysis has revealed basic similarities of molecular pathogenesis of EM and UL suggesting molecular syntropy of both disorders. Peculiarities of the epigenetic landscape determining development of mSC may explain the existence of different clinical forms of EM and UL as well as their unique clinical manifestation. Some perspectives for practical and scientific application in EM and UL studies of this new hypothesis are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav S Baranov
- a D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics , Gynecology and Reproductology , Saint-Petersburg , Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana E Ivaschenko
- a D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics , Gynecology and Reproductology , Saint-Petersburg , Russian Federation
| | - Maria I Yarmolinskaya
- a D.O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics , Gynecology and Reproductology , Saint-Petersburg , Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|