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Zhou Y, Duan H, Chen J, Ma S, Wang M, Zhou X. The mechanism of in vitro non-enzymatic glycosylation inhibition by Tartary buckwheat's rutin and quercetin. Food Chem 2023; 406:134956. [PMID: 36473389 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat is rich in rutin, quercetin, and other flavonoids, which exert prominent effects by inhibiting non-enzymatic glycosylation. In this study, an in vitro non-enzymatic glycosylation model was established, and the inhibitory effects of rutin and quercetin on the early, middle, and late products of non-enzymatic glycosylation were determined. Furthermore, their effects on the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and on protein functional groups and secondary structure were analyzed. These findings provided a theoretical basis for further investigation of the mechanism via which Tartary buckwheat's rutin and quercetin inhibited non-enzymatic glycosylation. The results showed that rutin and quercetin inhibited the formation of fructosamine, dicarbonyl compounds, and fluorescent AGE in a concentration-dependent manner. Rutin and quercetin exhibited antioxidant activity and could reduce the formation of protein oxidation products. The highest clearance rates for DPPH and ABTS+ were 62.74 % and 71.14 %, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhou
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Hongyan Duan
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Jiesheng Chen
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Minglong Wang
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 200235, China.
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2
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Dewi AS, Arumia M, Samodro DA, Fajarningsih ND, Patantis G, Nursid M, Batubara I, Fawzya YN. Characterization and Bioactivities of Sequentially-Prepared Sea Cucumber Ethanolic Extracts and Protein Hydrolysates. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2022.2163862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ariyanti S. Dewi
- Research Centre for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
- Research Center for Marine and Land Bioindustry, National Agency for Research and Innovation, Mataram, Indonesia
| | - Mei Arumia
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of JenderalSoedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia
| | - Dohan A. Samodro
- Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of JenderalSoedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia
| | - Nurrahmi D. Fajarningsih
- Research Centre for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
- Research Center for Marine and Land Bioindustry, National Agency for Research and Innovation, Mataram, Indonesia
| | - Gintung Patantis
- Research Centre for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
- Research Center for Marine and Land Bioindustry, National Agency for Research and Innovation, Mataram, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Nursid
- Research Centre for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
- Research Center for Marine and Land Bioindustry, National Agency for Research and Innovation, Mataram, Indonesia
| | - Irmanida Batubara
- Tropical Biopharmaca Research Centre, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Yusro N. Fawzya
- Research Centre for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Central Jakarta, Indonesia
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3
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Digestive enzymes inhibition, antioxidant and antiglycation activities of phenolic compounds from jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora) peel. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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4
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Takenokuchi M, Matsumoto K, Nitta Y, Takasugi R, Inoue Y, Iwai M, Kadoyama K, Yoshida K, Takano-Ohmuro H, Taniguchi T. In Vitro and In Vivo Antiglycation Effects of Connarus ruber Extract. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1026-1035. [PMID: 34861700 DOI: 10.1055/a-1690-3528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) of the Maillard reaction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Connarus ruber has been used as a folk remedy for several diseases, including diabetes; however, its underlying mechanism has not yet been investigated. This study investigated the effects of C. ruber extract against glycation on collagen-linked AGEs in vitro and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-DM rats) in vivo. The antiglycation activities of C. ruber extract and aminoguanidine (AG) were examined using a collagen glycation assay kit. Nonfluorescent AGE, Nε-carboxymethyl lysine (CML), Nω-carboxymethyl arginine, and Nε-carboxyethyl lysine levels were measured via electrospray ionization-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The effect of the extract on the cytotoxicity of methylglyoxal (MG), a precursor of AGEs, was examined in HL60 cells. STZ-DM rats were treated with the extract for 4 wk, and the effect was assessed using biochemical markers in the serum and CML-positive cells in renal tissues. C. ruber extract dose-dependently inhibited the glycation of collagen and formation of nonfluorescent AGEs, which was comparable to AG, and it significantly attenuated MG-induced cytotoxicity in HL60 cells. Furthermore, the glycated albumin levels in STZ-DM rats decreased, the increase in serum lipid levels was reversed, and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that CML deposition in the glomerulus of STZ-DM rats significantly decreased. Although further studies are needed, C. ruber could be a potential therapeutic for preventing and progressing many pathological conditions, including diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Takenokuchi
- Faculty of Pharmacological Sciences, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kinuyo Matsumoto
- Faculty of Health and Welfare, Kobe Women's University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuko Nitta
- Faculty of Health and Welfare, Kobe Women's University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | - Yukari Inoue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Care, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Michi Iwai
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keiichi Kadoyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Care, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | | | - Taizo Taniguchi
- Research Institute for Human Health Science, Konan University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Pharmacrea Kobe Co. Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Thilavech T, Marnpae M, Mäkynen K, Adisakwattana S. Phytochemical Composition, Antiglycation, Antioxidant Activity and Methylglyoxal-Trapping Action of Brassica Vegetables. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 76:340-346. [PMID: 34342789 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Brassica vegetables are common in cuisines worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the antiglycation, methylglyoxal (MG)-trapping action and antioxidant activity of Brassica vegetable extract (BVE) from cabbage, cauliflower and Chinese cabbage. The results showed that cauliflower had the highest phenolic content with the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. Seven phenolic acids and three flavonoids were identified by ESI-Q-TOF-MS analysis. The common phenolic compounds in all BVE were sinapic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. The BVE (0.5 mg/mL) showed significant inhibitory activity against glucose-induced fluorescent advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation (34 - 67%) and preserved the amount of protein thiol group (30 - 35%). In addition, all extracts (0.125 - 4 mg/mL) also had the ability to trap MG, a reactive glycating agent. Total phenolic content of BVE exhibited a positive correlation with DPPH radical scavenging activity (r = 0.524) and % inhibition of AGE formation (r = 0.570) and % MG-trapping capacity (r = 0.786). These findings suggest that the BVE possesses antioxidant and antiglycating activity that may help to protect against protein glycation and oxidation mediated by glycation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thavaree Thilavech
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Marisa Marnpae
- Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- The Halal Science Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Kittana Mäkynen
- Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirichai Adisakwattana
- Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Role of Herbal Teas in Regulating Cellular Homeostasis and Autophagy and Their Implications in Regulating Overall Health. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072162. [PMID: 34201882 PMCID: PMC8308238 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea is one of the most popular and widely consumed beverages worldwide, and possesses numerous potential health benefits. Herbal teas are well-known to contain an abundance of polyphenol antioxidants and other ingredients, thereby implicating protection and treatment against various ailments, and maintaining overall health in humans, although their mechanisms of action have not yet been fully identified. Autophagy is a conserved mechanism present in organisms that maintains basal cellular homeostasis and is essential in mediating the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer, type II diabetes, obesity, and Alzheimer’s disease. The increasing prevalence of these diseases, which could be attributed to the imbalance in the level of autophagy, presents a considerable challenge in the healthcare industry. Natural medicine stands as an effective, safe, and economical alternative in balancing autophagy and maintaining homeostasis. Tea is a part of the diet for many people, and it could mediate autophagy as well. Here, we aim to provide an updated overview of popular herbal teas’ health-promoting and disease healing properties and in-depth information on their relation to autophagy and its related signaling molecules. The present review sheds more light on the significance of herbal teas in regulating autophagy, thereby improving overall health.
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Chayaratanasin P, Adisakwattana S, Thilavech T. Protective role of Clitoria ternatea L. flower extract on methylglyoxal-induced protein glycation and oxidative damage to DNA. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:80. [PMID: 33648500 PMCID: PMC7923514 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive dicarbonyl precursor for the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) associated with age-related diseases, including diabetes and its complications. Clitoria ternatea L. flower has been reported to possess antioxidant and antiglycating properties. Evidence indicates that the extract of Clitoria ternatea L. flower inhibits fructose-induced protein glycation and oxidative damage to bovine serum albumin (BSA). However, there is no evidence to support the inhibitory effect of CTE against MG-mediated protein glycation and oxidative damage to protein and DNA. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate whether C. ternatea flower extract (CTE) prevents MG-induced protein glycation and oxidative DNA damage. METHODS The formation of fluorescent AGEs in BSA was evaluated using spectrofluorometer. The protein carbonyl and thiol group content were used for detecting protein oxidation. DNA strand breakage in a glycation model comprising of MG, lysine and Cu2+ or a free radical generator 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) systems was investigated using gel electrophoresis. Generation of superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals in the MG/lysine system was assessed by the cytochrome c reduction assay and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay, respectively. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure the MG-trapping ability. RESULTS In the BSA/MG system, CTE (0.25-1 mg/mL) significantly inhibited the formation of fluorescent AGEs and protein oxidation by reducing protein carbonyl content as well as preventing the protein thiol depletion. The concentration of CTE at 0.125-1 mg/mL prevented oxidative DNA cleavage in MG/lysine and AAPH systems associated with the inhibition of superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical formation. It also directly trapped MG in a concentration-dependent manner, ranging from 15 to 43%. CONCLUSIONS The study findings suggest that the direct carbonyl trapping ability and the free radical scavenging activity of CTE are the underlying mechanisms responsible for the prevention of protein glycation and oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poramin Chayaratanasin
- Program in Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirichai Adisakwattana
- Phytochemical and Functional Food Research Unit for Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thavaree Thilavech
- Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Rhinacanthus nasutus "Tea" Infusions and the Medicinal Benefits of the Constituent Phytochemicals. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123776. [PMID: 33317106 PMCID: PMC7763345 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz (Acanthaceae) (Rn) is an herbaceous shrub native to Thailand and much of South and Southeast Asia. It has several synonyms and local or common names. The root of Rn is used in Thai traditional medicine to treat snake bites, and the roots and/or leaves can be made into a balm and applied to the skin for the treatment of skin infections such as ringworm, or they may be brewed to form an infusion for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Rn leaves are available to the public for purchase in the form of “tea bags” as a natural herbal remedy for a long list of disorders, including diabetes, skin diseases (antifungal, ringworm, eczema, scurf, herpes), gastritis, raised blood pressure, improved blood circulation, early-stage tuberculosis antitumor activity, and as an antipyretic. There have been many studies investigating the roles of Rn or compounds isolated from the herb regarding diseases such as Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes and infection with bacteria, fungi or viruses. There have, however, been no clinical trials to confirm the efficacy of Rn in the treatment of any of these disorders, and the safety of these teas over long periods of consumption has never been tested. This review assesses the recent research into the role of Rn and its constituent compounds in a range of diseases.
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9
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Effects of the age/rage axis in the platelet activation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 166:1149-1161. [PMID: 33161078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Platelet activity is essential in cardiovascular diseases. Therefore our objective was to evaluate the main effects of activating RAGE in platelets which are still unknown. A search for RAGE expression in different databases showed poor or a nonexistent presence in platelets. We confirmed the expression in platelets and secreted variable of RAGE (sRAGE). Platelets from elderly adults expressed in resting showed 3.2 fold more RAGE from young individuals (p < 0.01) and 3.3 fold with TRAP-6 (p < 0.001). These results could indicate that the expression of RAGE is more inducible in older adults. Then we found that activating RAGE with AGE-BSA-derived from methylglyoxal and subthreshold TRAP-6, showed a considerable increase with respect to the control in platelet aggregation and expression of P-selectin (respectively, p < 0.01). This effect was almost completely blocked by using a specific RAGE inhibitor (FSP-ZM1), confirming that RAGE is important for the function and activation platelet. Finally, we predict the region stimulated by AGE-BSA is located in region V of RAGE and 13 amino acids are critical for its binding. In conclusion, the activation of RAGE affects platelet activation and 13 amino acids are critical for its stimulation, this information is crucial for future possible treatments for CVD.
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Gao J, Sun Y, Li L, Zhou Q, Wang M. The antiglycative effect of apple flowers in fructose/glucose-BSA models and cookies. Food Chem 2020; 330:127170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zhou Q, Cheng KW, Xiao J, Wang M. The multifunctional roles of flavonoids against the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and AGEs-induced harmful effects. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Sharma P, Joshi T, Joshi T, Chandra S, Tamta S. Molecular dynamics simulation for screening phytochemicals as α-amylase inhibitors from medicinal plants. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:6524-6538. [PMID: 32748738 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1801507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complicated metabolic disorder with several enzymes, including α-amylase and α-glycosidase. The α-amylase is responsible for postprandial glucose levels; therefore, inhibiting its activity is helpful in diabetes management. Hence, to find natural inhibitors of α-amylase, we have prepared a 257 phytochemical library from selected medicinal plants with antidiabetic activity and conducted a virtual screening and molecular dynamics study. Seventy-nine phytochemicals were screened out of 257 phytochemicals based on binding energy, ranged from -10.1 kcal mol-1 to -7.6 kcal mol-1. The binding energies of screened compounds were lower or equal to the reference molecule (-7.6 kcal mol-1). The binding affinity of six screened phytochemicals was re-scored by X-SCORE. These phytochemicals were subjected to ADMET and Drug-likeness analysis. After screening docking and drug-likeness analysis, six phytochemicals viz., Shahidine, Epicatechin, Quercetin, Isocolumbin, Ellagic acid, Luteolin and a reference molecule (Acarbose) were subjected to Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to analyze the stability of the docked protein-ligand complex. The values of root mean square deviation, RMSF, RG, SASA, H-Bond, the interaction energy of all protein-ligand complexes were calculated after 30 ns of MD simulation. The results of screened complexes revealed good stability as compared to reference Acarbose. Pharmacophore features of the screened phytochemicals and α-amylase inhibitors showed many common pharmacophore features. Based on finding the screened phytochemicals, e.g. Shahidine, Epicatechin, Quercetin, Isocolumbin, Ellagic acid, and Luteolin, may be used as a potential inhibitors against α-amylase. These phytochemicals could be optimized and synthesized to develop potential drugs to manage and treat diabetes, targeting α-amylase.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Tushar Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Tanuja Joshi
- Department of Botany, S.S.J Campus, Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Botany, S.S.J Campus, Almora, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
| | - Sushma Tamta
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, India
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Do MH, Choi J, Kim Y, Ha SK, Yoo G, Hur J. Syzygium aromaticum Reduces Diabetes-induced Glucotoxicity via the NRF2/Glo1 Pathway. PLANTA MEDICA 2020; 86:876-883. [PMID: 32645736 DOI: 10.1055/a-1203-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products and methylglyoxal are known to show increased levels in diabetic conditions and induce diverse metabolic disorders. However, the antiglycation ability of the bark of Syzygium aromaticum is not yet studied. In this study, we determined the inhibitory effects of S. aromaticum on AGE formation. Moreover, S. aromaticum showed breakage and inhibitory ability against the formation of AGE-collagen crosslinks. In SV40 MES13 cells, treatment with the S. aromaticum extract significantly ameliorated MG-induced oxidative stress as well as cytotoxicity. Furthermore, in the S. aromaticum extract-treated group, there was a reduction in levels of several diabetic markers, such as blood glucose, kidney weight, and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Treatment with the S. aromaticum extract significantly increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, a transcription factor involved in the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, the treatment significantly upregulated the expression of glyoxalase 1 and downregulated the expression of receptor for AGEs. These results suggest that the S. aromaticum extract might ameliorate diabetes-induced renal damage by inhibiting the AGE-induced glucotoxicity and oxidative stress through the Nrf2/Glo1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Ho Do
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsook Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Keun Ha
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Guijae Yoo
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyoung Hur
- Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-Gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Psoralea corylifolia L. Seed Extract Attenuates Methylglyoxal-Induced Insulin Resistance by Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End Product Formation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4310319. [PMID: 31976027 PMCID: PMC6954480 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4310319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the body has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus. Methylglyoxal (MGO), a major precursor of AGEs, has been reported to induce insulin resistance in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Psoralea corylifolia seeds (PCS) have been used as a traditional medicine for several diseases, but their potential application in treating insulin resistance has not yet been evaluated. This study is aimed at investigating whether PCS extract could attenuate insulin resistance induced by MGO. Male C57BL/6N mice (6 weeks old) were administered 1% MGO in their drinking water for 18 weeks, and the PCS extract (200 or 500 mg/kg) was orally administered daily from the first day of the MGO administration. We observed that both 200 and 500 mg/kg PCS extract treatment significantly improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and markedly restored p-Akt and p-IRS1/2 expression in the livers of the MGO-administered mice. Additionally, the PCS extract significantly increased the phosphorylation of Akt and IRS-1/2 and glucose uptake in MGO-treated HepG2 cells. Further studies showed that the PCS extract inhibited MGO-induced AGE formation in the HepG2 cells and in the sera of MGO-administered mice. PCS extract also increased the expression of glyoxalase 1 (GLO1) in the liver tissue of MGO-administered mice. The PCS extract significantly decreased the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and NF-κB and suppressed the mRNA expression of proinflammatory molecules including TNF-α and IL-1β and iNOS in MGO-administered mice. Additionally, we demonstrated that the PCS extract attenuated oxidative stress, as evidenced by the reduced ROS production in the MGO-treated cells and the enhanced expression of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of MGO-administered mice. Thus, PCS extract ameliorated the MGO-induced insulin resistance in HepG2 cells and in mice by reducing oxidative stress via the inhibition of AGE formation. These findings suggest the potential of PCS extract as a candidate for the prevention and treatment of insulin resistance.
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Sun M, Shen Z, Zhou Q, Wang M. Identification of the antiglycative components of Hong Dou Shan (Taxus chinensis) leaf tea. Food Chem 2019; 297:124942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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16
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Zhou Q, Cheng KW, Gong J, Li ETS, Wang M. Apigenin and its methylglyoxal-adduct inhibit advanced glycation end products-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 166:231-241. [PMID: 31158339 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycation in the body can lead to malfunction of intracellular and extracellular proteins. Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) have been identified to be key intermediates in the reactions. The reaction products, generally termed as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), have been implicated in the development of diabetic complications. In this study, the activity of apigenin (API), a natural flavone in scavenging RCS and the molecular mechanism involved in its protective effect against AGEs-induced oxidative stress and inflammation were examined in vitro. Results showed that API could directly trap methylglyoxal (MGO) to form API-MGO adducts, thus inhibiting AGEs formation. API and di-apigenin adduct (DMA) were found to inhibit AGEs-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by significantly suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (30% relative to control) and decreasing the protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules by 30-70%. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that the protective effect was likely mediated via suppression of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway initiated by AGEs-RAGE (receptor for AGEs) interaction and induction of ERK/nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway with subsequent up-regulation of antioxidant defense molecules. In summary, our results suggest that API possesses great potential to protect against AGEs-associated health disorders by modulating cellular inflammatory and antioxidant defense signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Wing Cheng
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Gong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Edmund T S Li
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhou Q, Gong J, Wang M. Phloretin and its methylglyoxal adduct: Implications against advanced glycation end products-induced inflammation in endothelial cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:291-300. [PMID: 31059746 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO), a cytotoxic factor, reacts irreversibly with the side chains of lysine, cysteine, and arginine residues in proteins to form advanced glycation end products (AGEs) which might be a major pathological factor associated with diabetic complications. Thus, it is necessary to prevent or alleviate such diseases through inhibiting the formation of AGEs or lowering these AGEs-induced cellular damages. Based on our previous work, it was known that phloretin, an apple polyphenol, can inhibit the formation of AGEs under simulated physiological conditions. In this study, we found that phloretin prevented the formation of AGEs through trapping MGO in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). The phloretin-MGO adducts were analyzed in PBS and HUVECs. Surprisingly, only 1 MGO-phloretin adduct was detected in HUVECs, which was formed within 0.5 h and metabolized eventually within 24 h. The specific phloretin-MGO adduct was synthesized and identified by MS and NMR analysis. Its anti-inflammatory effect against AGEs was further investigated together with the parent compound, phloretin, which was proved to be through RAGE/p38 MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Taken together, our data indicated the positive role of phloretin-MGO adduct on phloretin's protective effects, which might offer a new insight into the action mechanism of polyphenols against AGEs-induced damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Potipiranun T, Adisakwattana S, Worawalai W, Ramadhan R, Phuwapraisirisan P. Identification of Pinocembrin as an Anti-Glycation Agent and α-Glucosidase Inhibitor from Fingerroot ( Boesenbergia rotunda): The Tentative Structure⁻Activity Relationship towards MG-Trapping Activity. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123365. [PMID: 30572593 PMCID: PMC6321453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that is caused by a malfunction of carbohydrate metabolism, which plays an important role in the development of long-term diabetic complications. The excess glucose can be transformed to methylglyoxal (MG), a potential precursor of glycation. Glycation is a spontaneous non-enzymatic reaction that initially yields advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which ultimately triggers several severe complications. Therefore, the inhibition of AGEs formation is the imperative approach for alleviating diabetic complications. The aim of this research was to investigate the glycation and α-glucosidase inhibitory abilities of compounds isolated from fingerroot. The dichloromethane extract afforded three flavanones, two chalcones, two dihydrochalcones, and one kavalactone. Most of the isolated compounds showed higher inhibition effect against AGEs formation than aminoguanidine (AG). Subsequent evaluation in MG-trapping assay indicated that their trapping potency was relatively comparable to AG. Their structure-activity relationships (SAR) of MG-trapping activity were investigated using the comparison of the structures of flavonoids. In addition, pinocembrin displayed moderate α-glucosidase inhibition against both maltase and sucrose, with IC50 values of 0.35 ± 0.021 and 0.39 ± 0.020 mM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thammatee Potipiranun
- Program of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Sirichai Adisakwattana
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Wisuttaya Worawalai
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Rico Ramadhan
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
| | - Preecha Phuwapraisirisan
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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Šebeková K, Brouder Šebeková K. Glycated proteins in nutrition: Friend or foe? Exp Gerontol 2018; 117:76-90. [PMID: 30458224 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed in in vivo, and accumulate in tissues and body fluids during ageing. Endogenous AGE-modified proteins show altered structure and function, and may interact with receptor for AGEs (RAGE) resulting in production of reactive oxygen species, inflammatory, atherogenic and diabetogenic responses. AGEs are also formed in thermally processed foods. Studies in rodents document that dietary AGEs are partially absorbed into circulation, and accumulate in different tissues. Knowledge on the health effects of high dietary intake of AGEs is incomplete and contradictory. In this overview we discuss the data from experimental and clinical studies, either those supporting the assumption that restriction of dietary AGEs associated with health benefits, or data suggesting that dietary intake of AGEs associates with positive health outcomes. We polemicize whether the effects of exaggerated intake or restriction of highly thermally processed foods might be straightforward interpreted as the effects of AGEs-rich vs. AGEs-restricted diets. We also underline the lack of studies, and thus a poor knowledge, on the effects of different single chemically defined AGEs administration, concurrent intake of different dietary AGEs, of load with dietary AGEs corresponding to the habitual diet in humans, and on those of dietary AGEs in vulnerable populations, such as infants and particularly elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Šebeková
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Medical Faculty, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Katarína Brouder Šebeková
- Intensive Care Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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Shah MA, Keach JE, Panichayupakaranant P. Antidiabetic Naphthoquinones and Their Plant Resources in Thailand. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:483-492. [PMID: 29710045 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University
| | - James E. Keach
- Research and Horticulture Department, Gardens by the Bay
| | - Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University
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Shah MA, Muhammad H, Mehmood Y, Khalil R, Ul-Haq Z, Panichayupakaranant P. Superoxide Scavenging and Antiglycation Activity of Rhinacanthins-rich Extract Obtained from the Leaves of Rhinacanthus nasutus. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:652-658. [PMID: 29200728 PMCID: PMC5701406 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_196_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and nonenzymatic protein glycation lead to serious diabetic complications that increase the risk of mortality. Rhinacanthus nasutus leaf crude extracts are previously reported for their antidiabetic, antiglycation, and antioxidant potential. Objective: The present study was performed to prepare a standardized rhinacanthins-rich extract (RRE) and evaluate its superoxide scavenging and antiglycation effects as compared to its marker compounds, namely, rhinacanthin-C (RC), rhinacanthin-D (RD), and rhinacanthin-N (RN). Materials and Methods: RRE was obtained by microwave-assisted green extraction along with a simple step of fractionation using Amberlite® column. RC, RD, and RN were isolated from the RRE using silica gel column chromatography. Superoxide scavenging activity was performed by cyclic voltammetry, and fructose-mediated human serum albumin glycation model was used for antiglycation activity. In silico studies were conducted to identify the structure-activity relationships of rhinacanthins. Results: On the basis of kinetic measurements, RRE exhibited the most potent antioxidant activity via ErCi mechanism, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 8.0 μg/mL, antioxidant capacity of 39439 M−1, and binding constant of 45709 M−1. Antiglycation assay showed that RRE exhibited almost equivalent glycation inhibitory effect to that of RC, with IC50 values of 39.7 and 37.3 μg/mL, respectively, but higher than that of RD (IC50 of 50.4 μg/mL), RN (IC50 of 89.5 μg/mL), as well as the positive control, rutin (IC50 of 41.5 μg/mL). Conclusions: The potent superoxide scavenging and albumin glycation inhibitory effect of RRE rationalized its therapeutic application in various chronic diseases, especially in the complications of diabetes. SUMMARY Rhinacanthins-rich extract (RRE) exhibited potent superoxide scavenging activity RRE and rhinacanthin-C showed remarkable and comparable antiglycation effect Rhinacanthins exhibited antiglycation activity by masking specific residues of albumin.
Abbreviations used: RRE: Rhinacanthins-rich extract; RC: Rhinacanthin-C; RD: Rhinacanthin-D; RN: Rhinacanthin-N; IC50: 50% inhibitory concentration; Kao: Antioxidant activity coefficient; Kb: Binding constant; ErCi: Reversible electron transfer followed by an irreversible chemical reaction; DM: Diabetes mellitus; AGEPs: Advanced glycation end products; NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance; HPLC: High-performance liquid chromatography; CV: Cyclic voltammetry; DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide; Ipa: Anodic peak current; Ipc: Cathodic peak current; HSA: Human serum albumin; MOE: Molecular operating environment; PASSonline: Online prediction of activity spectra for substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Haji Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Main Campus, Karachi-75300, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ruqaiya Khalil
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.,Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
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Matafome P, Rodrigues T, Sena C, Seiça R. Methylglyoxal in Metabolic Disorders: Facts, Myths, and Promises. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:368-403. [PMID: 27636890 DOI: 10.1002/med.21410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Glucose and fructose metabolism originates the highly reactive byproduct methylglyoxal (MG), which is a strong precursor of advanced glycation end products (AGE). The MG has been implicated in classical diabetic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy, but has also been recently associated with cardiovascular diseases and central nervous system disorders such as cerebrovascular diseases and dementia. Recent studies even suggested its involvement in insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, contributing to the early development of type 2 diabetes and creating a vicious circle between glycation and hyperglycemia. Despite several drugs and natural compounds have been identified in the last years in order to scavenge MG and inhibit AGE formation, we are still far from having an effective strategy to prevent MG-induced mechanisms. This review summarizes the endogenous and exogenous sources of MG, also addressing the current controversy about the importance of exogenous MG sources. The mechanisms by which MG changes cell behavior and its involvement in type 2 diabetes development and complications and the pathophysiological implication are also summarized. Particular emphasis will be given to pathophysiological relevance of studies using higher MG doses, which may have produced biased results. Finally, we also overview the current knowledge about detoxification strategies, including modulation of endogenous enzymatic systems and exogenous compounds able to inhibit MG effects on biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Matafome
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Complementary Sciences, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, 3045-601, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristina Sena
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Seiça
- Laboratory of Physiology, Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
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Sompong W, Muangngam N, Kongpatpharnich A, Manacharoenlarp C, Amorworasin C, Suantawee T, Thilavech T, Adisakwattana S. The inhibitory activity of herbal medicines on the keys enzymes and steps related to carbohydrate and lipid digestion. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:439. [PMID: 27814716 PMCID: PMC5097378 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and overweight are consistently associated with metabolic disorders including hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Herbal medicines have been currently suggested as an alternative source of potentially useful antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antioxidant activities. The objective of this study was to assess the in vitro inhibitory effects of eleven herbal medicines on carbohydrate and lipid digestive enzymes and the key steps of lipid digestion including the inhibition of micelle formation and the ability to bind bile acid. In addition, antioxidant activity of herbal medicines was also investigated. METHODS α-Glucosidase, pancreatic α-amylase, pancreatic lipase, and pancreatic cholesterol esterase inhibitory activities of aqueous extract of herbal medicines were measured using the enzymatic colorimetric assay. The formation of cholesterol micelles was determined using the cholesterol assay kit. The bile acid binding was measured using the colorimetric assay. Antioxidant activities were assessed by using four methods including Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), oxygen radical absorbance capacity ORAC), superoxide radical scavenging activity (SRSA), and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA). RESULTS The extracts (1 mg/mL) markedly inhibited intestinal maltase (5.16 - 44.33 %), sucrase (1.25-45.86 %), pancreatic α-amylase (1.75-12.53 %), pancreatic lipase (21.42-85.93 %), and pancreatic cholesterol esterase (2.92-53.35 %). The results showed that all extracts exhibited the inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase with the IC50 values ranging from 0.015 to 4.259 mg/mL. In addition, the incorporation of cholesterol into micelles was inhibited by the extracts (6.64-33.74 %). The extracts also bound glycodeoxycholic acid (9.9-15.08 %), taurodeoxycholic acid (12.55-18.18 %), and taurocholic acid (11.91 - 18.4 %). Furthermore, the extracts possessed various antioxidant activities including the TEAC values (0.50 - 4.70 μmol trolox/mg dried extract), the ORAC values (9.14-44.41 μmol trolox/mg dried extract), the SRSA (0.31 - 18.82 mg trolox/mg dried extract), and the HRSA (0.05-2.29 mg trolox/mg dried extract). The findings indicated that Syzygium aromaticum, Phyllanthus amarus, Thunbergia laurifolia were the effective promising antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic agents. Statistical analysis demonstrated strong positive significant correlations between the contents of phenolic compounds and % inhibition of pancreatic lipase (r = 0.885, p < 0.001), % inhibition of pancreatic cholesterol esterase (r = 0.761, p < 0.001), and the TEAC value (r = 0.840, p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a strongly positive correlation between the TEAC value and % inhibition of pancreatic cholesterol esterase (r = 0.851, p < 0.001) and % inhibition of pancreatic lipase (r = 0.755, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Three herbal medicines including Syzygium aromaticum, Thunbergia laurifolia, and Phyllanthus amarus markedly inhibited the intestinal α-glucosidase, pancreatic α-amylase, pancreatic lipase, and pancreatic cholesterol esterase. They also reduced formation of cholesterol micelle and bound bile acid. The findings indicate that these herbal medicines might be a promising agent for antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant activities.
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Inhibition of glucose- and fructose-mediated protein glycation by infusions and ethanolic extracts of ten culinary herbs and spices. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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25
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Abdallah HM, El-Bassossy H, Mohamed GA, El-Halawany AM, Alshali KZ, Banjar ZM. Phenolics from Garcinia mangostana Inhibit Advanced Glycation Endproducts Formation: Effect on Amadori Products, Cross-Linked Structures and Protein Thiols. Molecules 2016; 21:251. [PMID: 26907243 PMCID: PMC6273600 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) in body tissues plays a major role in the development of diabetic complications. Here, the inhibitory effect of bioactive metabolites isolated from fruit hulls of Garcinia mangostana on AGE formation was investigated through bio-guided approach using aminoguanidine (AG) as a positive control. Including G. mangostana total methanol extract (GMT) in the reaction mixture of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glucose or ribose inhibited the fluorescent and non-fluorescent AGEs formation in a dose dependent manner. The bioassay guided fractionation of GMT revealed isolation of four bioactive constituents from the bioactive fraction; which were identified as: garcimangosone D (1), aromadendrin-8-C-glucopyranoside (2), epicatechin (3), and 2,3',4,5',6-pentahydroxybenzophenone (4). All the tested compounds significantly inhibited fluorescent and non-fluorescent AGEs formation in a dose dependent manner whereas compound 3 (epicatechin) was found to be the most potent. In search for the level of action, addition of GMT, and compounds 2-4 inhibited fructosamine (Amadori product) and protein aggregation formation in both glucose and ribose. To explore the mechanism of action, it was found that addition of GMT and only compound (3) to reaction mixture increased protein thiol in both glucose and ribose while compounds 1, 2 and 4 only increased thiol in case of ribose. In conclusion, phenolic compounds 1-4 inhibited AGEs formation at the levels of Amadori product and protein aggregation formation through saving protein thiol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossam M Abdallah
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Hany El-Bassossy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt.
| | - Ali M El-Halawany
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Khalid Z Alshali
- Departement of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zainy M Banjar
- Departement of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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