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Health Benefits and Side Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182863. [PMID: 36140990 PMCID: PMC9498509 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and their metabolites could play an important role in health and diseases of human beings. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are mainly produced by gut microbiome fermentation of dietary fiber and could also be produced by bacteria of the skin and vagina. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are three major SCFAs, and their bioactivities have been widely studied. The SCFAs have many health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. This paper summarizes health benefits and side effects of SCFAs with a special attention paid to the mechanisms of action. This paper provides better support for people eating dietary fiber as well as ways for dietary fiber to be developed into functional food to prevent diseases.
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Coccurello R, Marrone MC, Maccarrone M. The Endocannabinoids-Microbiota Partnership in Gut-Brain Axis Homeostasis: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:869606. [PMID: 35721203 PMCID: PMC9204215 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.869606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The latest years have witnessed a growing interest towards the relationship between neuropsychiatric disease in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and severe alterations in gut microbiota composition. In parallel, an increasing literature has focused the attention towards the association between derangement of the endocannabinoids machinery and some mechanisms and symptoms identified in ASD pathophysiology, such as alteration of neural development, immune system dysfunction, defective social interaction and stereotypic behavior. In this narrative review, we put together the vast ground of endocannabinoids and their partnership with gut microbiota, pursuing the hypothesis that the crosstalk between these two complex homeostatic systems (bioactive lipid mediators, receptors, biosynthetic and hydrolytic enzymes and the entire bacterial gut ecosystem, signaling molecules, metabolites and short chain fatty acids) may disclose new ideas and functional connections for the development of synergic treatments combining “gut-therapy,” nutritional intervention and pharmacological approaches. The two separate domains of the literature have been examined looking for all the plausible (and so far known) overlapping points, describing the mutual changes induced by acting either on the endocannabinoid system or on gut bacteria population and their relevance for the understanding of ASD pathophysiology. Both human pathology and symptoms relief in ASD subjects, as well as multiple ASD-like animal models, have been taken into consideration in order to provide evidence of the relevance of the endocannabinoids-microbiota crosstalk in this major neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Coccurello
- Institute for Complex Systems (ISC), National Council of Research (CNR), Rome, Italy
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberto Coccurello, ; Mauro Maccarrone,
| | - Maria Cristina Marrone
- Ministry of University and Research, Mission Unity for Recovery and Resilience Plan, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Maccarrone
- European Center for Brain Research/Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical and Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberto Coccurello, ; Mauro Maccarrone,
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Rahi S, Gupta R, Sharma A, Mehan S. Smo-Shh signaling activator purmorphamine ameliorates neurobehavioral, molecular, and morphological alterations in an intracerebroventricular propionic acid-induced experimental model of autism. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1880-1898. [PMID: 33906504 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211013456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disease characterized by cognitive and sensorimotor impairment. Numerous research findings have consistently shown that alteration of Smo-Shh (smoothened-sonic hedgehog) signaling during the developmental process plays a significant role in ASD and triggers neuronal changes by promoting neuroinflammation and apoptotic markers. Purmorphamine (PUR), a small purine-derived agonist of the Smo-Shh pathway, shows resistance to hippocampal neuronal cell oxidation and decreases neuronal cell death. The goal of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective potential of PUR in brain intoxication induced by intracerebroventricular-propionic acid (ICV-PPA) in rats, with a focus on its effect on Smo-Shh regulation in the brain of rats. In addition, we analyze the impact of PUR on myelin basic protein (MBP) and apoptotic markers such as Caspase-3, Bax (pro-apoptotic), and Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic) in rat brain homogenates. Chronic ICV-PPA infusion was administered consecutively for 11 days to induce autism in rats. In order to investigate behavioral alterations, rats were tested for spatial learning in the Morris Water Maze (MWM), locomotive alterations using actophotometer, and beam crossing task, while Forced Swimming Test (FST) for depressive behavior. PUR treatment with 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg (i.p.) was administered from day 12 to 44. Besides cellular, molecular and neuroinflammatory analyses, neurotransmitter levels and oxidative markers have also been studied in brain homogenates. The results of this study have shown that PUR increases the level of Smo-Shh and restores the neurochemical levels, and potentially prevents morphological changes, including demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rahi
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, 75126ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - R Gupta
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, 75126ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - A Sharma
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, 75126ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - S Mehan
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, 75126ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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4
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Hao C, Gao Z, Liu X, Rong Z, Jia J, Kang K, Guo W, Li J. Intravenous administration of sodium propionate induces antidepressant or prodepressant effect in a dose dependent manner. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19917. [PMID: 33199803 PMCID: PMC7670463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Propionate has been reported to exert antidepressant effects, but high-dose propionate may induce autism-like symptoms in experimental animals through induction of dysbiosis of neurotransmitters. The bi-directional effects of propionate seem to be dose-dependent. However, due to the pathological discrepancies between depression and autism, conclusions drawn from autism may not be simply transferable to depression. The effect and underlying action mechanisms of high-dose propionate on depression remains undetermined. To investigate the effects of propionate on depression, propionate dose gradients were intravenously administrated to rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 1 week. Results of these behavioral tests demonstrate that low-dose propionate (2 mg/kg body weight/day) induces antidepressant effect through bodyweight recovery, elevated reward-seeking behaviors, and reduced depression-like behaviors, while high-dose propionate (200 mg/kg body weight/day) induces prodepressant effects opposite of those of low-dose propionate. A comprehensive profiling of neurotransmitters in the hippocampus demonstrated that CUMS induces reduction of NE (Norepinephrine), DA (Dopamine). GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) was recovered by low-dose propionate, while high-dose propionate exerted more complicated effects on neurotransmitters, including reduction of NE, DA, 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Tryptophan, and increase of GABA, Kynurenine, Homovanillic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 3-hydroxykynurenine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and 3-methoxytyramine. The neurotransmitters disturbed by high-dose propionate suggest metabolic disorders in the hippocampus, which were confirmed by the clear group separation in PCA of metabolomic profiling. The results of this study demonstrate the double-edged dose-dependent effects of propionate on depression and suggest potential cumulative toxicity of propionate as a food additive to mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Hao
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science & Technology, Taiyuan, 030021, China
| | - Zefeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, TaiyuanShanxi, 030006, China
| | - XianJun Liu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science & Technology, Taiyuan, 030021, China
| | - Zhijiang Rong
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science & Technology, Taiyuan, 030021, China
| | - Jingjing Jia
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Kaiqi Kang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Weiwei Guo
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, TaiyuanShanxi, 030006, China.
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Al‐Salem HS, Al‐Yousef HM, Ashour AE, Ahmed AF, Amina M, Issa IS, Bhat RS. Antioxidant and hepatorenal protective effects of bee pollen fractions against propionic acid-induced autistic feature in rats. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:5114-5127. [PMID: 32994972 PMCID: PMC7500755 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the brain, propionic acid (PA) can cross cell membranes and accumulate within cells, leading to intracellular acidification, which may alter neurotransmitter release (NT), communication between neurons, and behavior. Such elevation in levels of PA constitutes a neurodevelopmental metabolic disorder called propionic acidemia, which could clinically manifest as autism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of different fractions of bee pollen (BP) on PA-induced autism in rats, and to evaluate their effects on the expression of liver and renal biomarkers. Groups of rats received treatments of different fractions of BP at a dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight/day for a period of 1 month. Normal control group I and group II were orally administered with phosphate-buffered saline and propionic acid, respectively, for 3 days. BP contains various health-promoting phenolic components. Different fractions of BP administered pre- and post-treatment with PA showed significant reduction in the levels of liver and renal biomarkers (p < .05). Also, a significant enhancement in the levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase CAT), and ascorbic acid (VIT C) was observed. Supplementation with BP significantly reduced biochemical changes in the liver, kidneys, and brain of rats with PA-induced toxicity. It exhibited protective effects against oxidative damage and reactive oxygen species produced by PA-induced adverse reactions in rats. Taken together, our study shows that BP possesses protective effects in PA-induced liver and kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda S. Al‐Salem
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry DepartmentCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M. Al‐Yousef
- Pharmacognosy DepartmentCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Abdelkader E. Ashour
- Department of Basic Medical SciencesKulliyyah of MedicineInternational Islamic University MalaysiaKuantanMalaysia
| | - Atallah F. Ahmed
- Pharmacognosy DepartmentCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of PharmacyMansoura UniversityMansouraEgypt
| | - Musarat Amina
- Pharmacognosy DepartmentCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Iman S. Issa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry DepartmentCollege of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Ramesa Shafi Bhat
- Biochemistry DepartmentScience CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
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Ben Bacha A, Norah AO, Al-Osaimi M, Harrath AH, Mansour L, El-Ansary A. The therapeutic and protective effects of bee pollen against prenatal methylmercury induced neurotoxicity in rat pups. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:215-224. [PMID: 31625070 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the protective and therapeutic potency of bee pollen in ameliorating the toxic effects of methylmercury (MeHg), by measuring certain biochemical parameters related to neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and glutamate excitotoxicity in the male neonate brain. Healthy, pregnant female rats (N = 40) were randomly divided into 5 groups, each comprising10 male neonates, as follows: (i) neonates delivered by control mothers; (ii) neonates delivered by MeHg-treated mothers who received 0.5 mg/kg BW/day MeHg via drinking water from gestational day 7 till postnatal day 7; (iii) neonates delivered by bee pollen treated mothers who received 200-mg/kg BW bee pollen from postnatal day 0 for 4 weeks; (iv) protective group of neonates delivered by MeHg and bee pollen-treated mothers, who continued to receive bee pollen until day 21 at the same dose, and (v) therapeutic group of neonates delivered by MeHg- treated mothers followed by bee pollen treatment, wherein they received 200-mg/kg BW bee pollen from postnatal day 0 for 4 weeks. Selected biochemical parameters in brain homogenates from each group were measured. MeHg-treated groups exhibited various signs of brain toxicity, such as a marked reduction in neurotransmitters (serotonin (5-HT), nor-adrenalin (NA), dopamine (DA)) and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and elevated levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), caspase-3, and glutamate (Glu). Bee pollen effectively reduced the neurotoxic effects of MeHg. Minimal changes in all measured parameters were observed in MeHg-treated animals compared to the control group. Therefore, bee pollen may safely improve neurotransmitter defects, inflammation, apoptosis, and glutamate excitotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Ben Bacha
- Biochemistry Department, Science College, King Saud University, P.O Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia.
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology Applied to Crop Improvement, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Al-Orf Norah
- Biochemistry Department, Science College, King Saud University, P.O Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
- The Materials Science Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Al-Osaimi
- Biochemistry Department, Science College, King Saud University, P.O Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel Halim Harrath
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamjed Mansour
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf El-Ansary
- Central Laboratory, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Mărgăoan R, Stranț M, Varadi A, Topal E, Yücel B, Cornea-Cipcigan M, Campos MG, Vodnar DC. Bee Collected Pollen and Bee Bread: Bioactive Constituents and Health Benefits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120568. [PMID: 31756937 PMCID: PMC6943659 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bee products were historically used as a therapheutic approach and in food consumption, while more recent data include important details that could validate them as food supplements due to their bioproperties, which support their future use as medicines. In this review data, data collected from bee pollen (BP) and bee bread (BB) essays will be discussed and detailed for their nutritional and health protective properties as functional foods. Dietary antioxidants intake derived from BP and BB have been associated with the prevention and clinical treatment of multiple diseases. The beneficial effects of BP and BB on health result from the presence of multiple polyphenols which possess anti-inflammatory properties, phytosterols and fatty acids, which play anticancerogenic roles, as well as polysaccharides, which stimulate immunological activity. From the main bioactivity studies with BP and BB, in vitro studies and animal experiments, the stimulation of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation in multiple cell lines could be one of the major therapeutic adjuvant effects to be explored in reducing tumor growth. Tables summarizing the main data available in this field and information about other bio-effects of BP and BB, which support the conclusions, are provided. Additionally, a discussion about the research gaps will be presented to help further experiments that complete the tree main World Health Organization (WHO) Directives of Efficiency, Safety and Quality Control for these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodica Mărgăoan
- Advanced Horticultural Research Institute of Transylvania, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mirela Stranț
- Association Health with CasaBIO, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Alina Varadi
- Association Health with CasaBIO, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.S.); (A.V.)
| | - Erkan Topal
- Apiculture Section, Aegean Agricultural Research Institute, İzmir 35661, Turkey;
| | - Banu Yücel
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, İzmir 35100, Turkey;
| | - Mihaiela Cornea-Cipcigan
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (M.C.-C.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Maria G. Campos
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC, FCT Unit 313) (FCTUC), University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.C.-C.); (M.G.C.)
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Fotirić Akšić M, Gašić U, Dabić Zagorac D, Sredojević M, Tosti T, Natić M, Meland M. Chemical Fingerprint of 'Oblačinska' Sour Cherry ( Prunus cerasus L.) Pollen. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090391. [PMID: 31438595 PMCID: PMC6769519 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to analyze sugars and phenolics of pollen obtained from 15 different ‘Oblačinska’ sour cherry clones and to assess the chemical fingerprint of this cultivar. Carbohydrate analysis was done using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with pulsed amperometric detection (PAD), while polyphenols were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD MS/MS) system. Glucose was the most abundant sugar, followed by fructose and sucrose. Some samples had high level of stress sugars, especially trehalose. Rutin was predominantly polyphenol in a quantity up to 181.12 mg/kg (clone III/9), with chlorogenic acid (up to 59.93 mg/kg in clone III/9) and p-coumaric acid (up to 53.99 mg/kg in clone VIII/1) coming after. According to the principal component analysis (PCA), fructose, maltose, maltotriose, sorbitol, and trehalose were the most important sugars in separating pollen samples. PCA showed splitting off clones VIII/1, IV/8, III/9, and V/P according to the quantity of phenolics and dissimilar profiles. Large differences in chemical composition of studied ‘Oblačinska sour cherry’ clone pollen were shown, proving that it is not a cultivar, but population. Finally, due to the highest level of phenolics, clones IV/8, XV/3, and VIII/1 could be singled out as a promising one for producing functional food and/or in medicinal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Fotirić Akšić
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Dabić Zagorac
- University of Belgrade, Innovation Center, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Sredojević
- University of Belgrade, Innovation Center, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Natić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mekjell Meland
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research-NIBIO Ullensvang, 5781 Lofthus, Norway
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Liao Y, Bae HJ, Zhang J, Kwon Y, Koo B, Jung IH, Kim HM, Park JH, Lew JH, Ryu JH. The Ameliorating Effects of Bee Pollen on Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:379-388. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Liao
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Ho Jung Bae
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Yubeen Kwon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Bokyung Koo
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - In Ho Jung
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | | | - Jong Hun Park
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jae Hwan Lew
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
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Li QQ, Wang K, Marcucci MC, Sawaya ACHF, Hu L, Xue XF, Wu LM, Hu FL. Nutrient-rich bee pollen: A treasure trove of active natural metabolites. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Choi J, Lee S, Won J, Jin Y, Hong Y, Hur TY, Kim JH, Lee SR, Hong Y. Pathophysiological and neurobehavioral characteristics of a propionic acid-mediated autism-like rat model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192925. [PMID: 29447237 PMCID: PMC5814017 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is induced by complex hereditary and environmental factors. However, the mechanisms of ASD development are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to identify standard indicators of this condition by comparing clinical, pathophysiological, and neurobehavioral features in an autism-like animal model. A total of 22 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and 500 mg/kg propionic acid (PPA)-treated groups. Rats were subjected to behavioral tests, gene expression analyses, and histological analyses to detect pathophysiological and neurobehavioral alterations. Exploratory activity and non-aggressive behavior were significantly reduced in PPA-treated rats, whereas enhanced aggressive behavior during adjacent interactions was observed on day 14 after PPA administration. To evaluate gene expression after PPA administration, we analyzed hippocampal tissue using reverse transcription PCR. Glial fibrillary acidic protein was augmented in the PPA-treated group on day 14 after appearance of ASD-like behaviors by PPA administration, whereas octamer-binding transcription factor 4 expression was significantly decreased in the PPA-treated group. Histological evaluation revealed significantly reduced diameter and layer thickness of granule cells in PPA-treated rats compared with control rats. We conclude that PPA administration induced abnormal neural cell organization, which may have led to autism-like neurobehaviors, including increased aggressive behavior, reduced exploratory activity, and isolative and passive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyun Choi
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Jinyoung Won
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Yunho Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Yunkyung Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science & Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Tai-Young Hur
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju, Korea
| | - Joo-Heon Kim
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Ochang, Korea
- * E-mail: (YH); (SRL)
| | - Yonggeun Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Ubiquitous Healthcare & Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science & Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
- * E-mail: (YH); (SRL)
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12
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Kieliszek M, Piwowarek K, Kot AM, Błażejak S, Chlebowska-Śmigiel A, Wolska I. Pollen and bee bread as new health-oriented products: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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The role of apitoxin in alleviating propionic acid-induced neurobehavioral impairments in rat pups: The expression pattern of Reelin gene. Biomed Pharmacother 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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El-Ansary A, Al-Salem HS, Asma A, Al-Dbass A. Glutamate excitotoxicity induced by orally administered propionic acid, a short chain fatty acid can be ameliorated by bee pollen. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:96. [PMID: 28532421 PMCID: PMC5440900 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rodent models may guide investigations towards identifying either environmental neuro-toxicants or drugs with neuro-therapeutic effects. This work aims to study the therapeutic effects of bee pollen on brain glutamate excitotoxicity and the impaired glutamine-glutamate- gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) circuit induced by propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid, in rat pups. METHODS Twenty-four young male Western Albino rats 3-4 weeks of age, and 45-60 g body weight were enrolled in the present study. They were grouped into four equal groups: Group 1, the control received phosphate buffered saline at the same time of PPA adminstration; Group 2, received 750 mg/kg body weight divided into 3 equal daily doses and served as acute neurotoxic dose of PPA; Group 3, received 750 mg/kg body weight divided in 10 equal doses of 75 mg/kg body weight/day, and served as the sub-acute group; and Group 4, the therapeutic group, was treated with bee pollen (50 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days after acute PPA intoxication. GABA, glutamate and glutamine were measured in the brain homogenates of the four groups. RESULTS The results showed that PPA caused multiple signs of excitotoxicity, as measured by the elevation of glutamate and the glutamate/glutamine ratio and the decrease of GABA, glutamine and the GABA/glutamate ratio. Bee pollen was effective in counteracting the neurotoxic effects of PPA to a certain extent. CONCLUSION In conclusion, bee pollen demonstrates ameliorating effects on glutamate excitotoxicity and the impaired glutamine-glutamate-GABA circuit as two etiological mechanisms in PPA-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf El-Ansary
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Autism Research and Treatment Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Shaik AL-Amodi Autism Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Medicinal Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Huda S Al-Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alqahtani Asma
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Al-Dbass
- Department of Biochemistry, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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