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Kausar MA, Parveen S, Anwar S, Sadaf, Massey S, El-Horany HES, Khan FH, Shahein M, Husain SA. Cytotoxic potential and metabolomic profiling of alkaloid rich fraction of Tylophora indica leaves. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159505. [PMID: 38729236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Tylophora indica (Burm f.) Merrill, belong to family Asclepiadaceae, is considered to be a natural remedy with high medicinal benefits. The objective of this work is to assess the metabolomic profile of T. indica leaves enriched in alkaloids, as well as to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of these leaves using the MTT assay on human breast MCF-7 and liver HepG2 cancer cell lines. Dried leaves of T. indica were extracted by sonication, using methanol containing 2 % (v/v) of acetic acid and obtained fraction was characterized by HPTLC and UPLC-MS. The UPLC-MS study yielded a preliminary identification of 32 metabolites, with tylophorine, tylophorine B, tylophorinine, and tylophorinidine being the predominant metabolites. The cytotoxicity of the extract of T. indica was evaluated on HepG2 and MCF-7 cell lines, yielding inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 75.71 μg/mL and 69.60 μg/mL, respectively. Data suggested that the phytochemical screening clearly showed presence of numerous secondary metabolites with moderate cytotoxic efficacy. In conclusion, the future prospects of T. indica appear promising for the advancement of phytopharmaceutical-based anticancer medications, as well as for the design of contemporary pharmaceuticals in the field of cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Shabana Parveen
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Sadaf Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sadaf
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sheersh Massey
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Hemat El-Sayed El-Horany
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia; Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia; Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
| | - Farida Habib Khan
- Medical and Diagnostic Research Centre, University of Ha'il, Hail 55473, Saudi Arabia; Department of Community and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mona Shahein
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail 81411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Azhari Rad R, Naghdi Y, Majidi Jamalabadi M, Masoumi S, Rezakhani L, Alizadeh M. Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Loaded With a Variety of Plant Extracts: Novel Model in Breast Cancer Therapy. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2024; 18:11782234241236358. [PMID: 38476474 PMCID: PMC10929036 DOI: 10.1177/11782234241236358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent improvements in detecting and managing breast cancer (BC), it continues to be a major worldwide health concern that annually affects millions of people. Exploring the anti-BC potentials of natural compounds has received a lot of scientific attention due to their multi-target mode of action and good safety profiles because of these unmet needs. Drugs made from herbs are secure and have a lot fewer negative effects than those made from synthetic materials. Early stage patients benefit from breast-conserving surgery, but the risk of local recurrence remains, necessitating implanted scaffolds. These scaffolds provide residual cancer cell killing and tailored drug delivery. This review looks at plant extract-infused tissue engineering scaffolds, which provide a novel approach to treating BC. By offering patient individualized, safer treatments, these scaffolds could completely change how BC is treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Azhari Rad
- Student Research Committee, School of Paramedicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Yasaman Naghdi
- Student Research Committee, School of Paramedicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mobina Majidi Jamalabadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Sima Masoumi
- Graduate of Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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3
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Püsküllüoğlu M, Michalak I. The therapeutic potential of natural metabolites in targeting endocrine-independent HER-2-negative breast cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1349242. [PMID: 38500769 PMCID: PMC10944949 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1349242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogenous disease, with prognosis and treatment options depending on Estrogen, Progesterone receptor, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER-2) status. HER-2 negative, endocrine-independent BC presents a significant clinical challenge with limited treatment options. To date, promising strategies like immune checkpoint inhibitors have not yielded breakthroughs in patient prognosis. Despite being considered archaic, agents derived from natural sources, mainly plants, remain backbone of current treatment. In this context, we critically analyze novel naturally-derived drug candidates, elucidate their intricate mechanisms of action, and evaluate their pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo activity in endocrine-independent HER-2 negative BC. Since pre-clinical research success often does not directly correlate with drug approval, we focus on ongoing clinical trials to uncover current trends. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of combining cutting-edge technologies, such as antibody-drug conjugates or nanomedicine, with naturally-derived agents, offering new opportunities that utilize both traditional cytotoxic agents and new metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosława Püsküllüoğlu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Wrocław, Poland
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Mary SJ, Veeravarmal V, Thankappan P, Arumugam P, Augustine PI, Franklin R. Anti-cancer effects of green synthesized gold nanoparticles using leaf extract of Annona muricata. L against squamous cell carcinoma cell line 15 through apoptotic pathway. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2024; 21:14. [PMID: 38476717 PMCID: PMC10929727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cancer remains one of the most dreadful diseases in developing nations. Currently, there has been a rise in the prevalence of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), with a poor prognosis. The use of standard treatment approaches against oral cancer patients brings about several side effects. In recent years, nanomedicine has provided a versatile platform for developing new targeted therapeutic modalities. However, safety remains a concern in the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). Therefore, the present study aims to synthesize safer phytoconstituent-mediated gold NPs (AuNPs) utilizing leaf extracts of Annona muricata, where the biochemical components of the plant leaf act as the reducing and capping agents in the synthesis of NPs, and to evaluate its anti-cancer activity against SCC. Materials and Methods In this in vitro experimental study, AuNPs were synthesized through an effective, simple, and ecologically sound green synthesis method. After characterization of these synthesized AuNPs, in vitro assays such as 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole2-yl)-2, 5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide, wound healing, and clonogenic assays were carried out to investigate the anti-cancer potential of green synthesized AuNPs in the human tongue SCC cell line (SCC-15), and the possible mechanism of action was evaluated through gene and protein expression analysis of Bax, Bcl-2, and p53 genes. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 software and Student's t-test was performed for experimental data. P ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The in vitro assays demonstrated that the synthesized AuNPs are exhibiting anti-cancer activity by apoptosis of SCC-15 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Further, it also revealed a highly significant decrease in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression, whereas pro-apoptotic genes p53 and Bax revealed a highly significant increase, which is statistically significant compared to the control (P < 0.05). Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that the AuNPs synthesized from A. muricata leaf extract could act as a novel anticancer agent, particularly against SCC, after further scrutiny.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Jeslin Mary
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veeran Veeravarmal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Government Dental College, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prasanth Thankappan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Paramasivam Arumugam
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Percy Ida Augustine
- Consultant, Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologist, Joannas Dental Care, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Franklin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India
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Dzhemileva LU, Tuktarova RA, Dzhemilev UM, D’yakonov VA. Natural Acetogenins, Chatenaytrienins-1, -2, -3 and -4, Mitochondrial Potential Uncouplers and Autophagy Inducers-Promising Anticancer Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1528. [PMID: 37627523 PMCID: PMC10451668 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present paper details the complete stereoselective synthesis of four natural acetogenins, chatenaytrienins-1, -2, -3 and -4, previously isolated from the roots of fruit trees of the family Annonaceae (A. nutans and A. muricata), as an inseparable mixture. The novel organometallic reactions, developed by the authors, of Ti-catalyzed cross-cyclomagnesiation of O-containing and aliphatic allenes using available Grignard reagents were applied at the key stage of synthesis. We have studied the biological activity of the synthesized individual chatenaytrienins-1, -2, -3 and -4 in vitro, including their cytotoxicity in a panel of tumor lines and their ability to induce apoptosis, affect the cell cycle and mitochondria, and activate the main apoptotic signaling pathways in the cell, applying modern approaches of flow cytometry and multiplex analysis with Luminex xMAP technology. It has been shown that chatenaytrienins affect mitochondria by uncoupling the processes of mitochondrial respiration, causing the accumulation of ROS ions, followed by the initiation of apoptosis. The most likely mechanism for the death of cortical neurons from the consumption of tea from the seeds of Annona fruit is long-term chronic hypoxia, which leads to the development of an atypical form of Parkinson's disease that is characteristic of the indigenous inhabitants of Guam and New Caledonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilya U. Dzhemileva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia; (R.A.T.); (U.M.D.)
| | | | | | - Vladimir A. D’yakonov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia; (R.A.T.); (U.M.D.)
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Abdallah RH, Al-Saleem MSM, Abdel-Mageed WM, Al-Attar ASR, Shehata YM, Abdel-Fattah DM, Atta RM. LCMS/MS Phytochemical Profiling, Molecular, Pathological, and Immune-Histochemical Studies on the Anticancer Properties of Annona muricata. Molecules 2023; 28:5744. [PMID: 37570713 PMCID: PMC10421100 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Annona muricate is a tropical plant that is well-known for its edible fruit of therapeutic interest. LCMS/MS analyses were applied to identify phytoconstituents of the ethanolic extract of the whole fruits and the aqueous extract of the edible fruit part, in addition to the investigation of their anticancer properties against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in male albino mice. LCMS/MS analyses resulted in the identification of 388 components, representing a wide array of classes of compounds, including acetogenins as the major constituents, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenolics. Among them, four compounds were tentatively characterized as new compounds (1-4), including an acid derivative, protocatechuic-coumaroyl-quinic acid (1), and three flavonoid derivatives, dihydromyricetin galloyl hexoside (2), apigenin gallate (3), and dihydromyricetin hexouronic acid hexoside (4). Induction with EAC cells resulted in abnormalities in the gene expression of pro-apoptotic genes (Bax and caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2) in the tumor mass. Moreover, microscopic, histopathological, and immune-histochemical examinations of the tumor mass and liver tissues exhibited extensive growth of malignant Ehrlich carcinoma cells and marked hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes and infiltration by tumor cells to liver tissue with marked inflammatory reaction. These abnormalities were markedly ameliorated aftertreatment of EAC mice with A. muricata extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab H. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Muneera S. M. Al-Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Science College, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael M. Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Al-Sayed R. Al-Attar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (A.-S.R.A.-A.); (D.M.A.-F.)
| | - Youssef M. Shehata
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (Y.M.S.); (R.M.A.)
| | - Doaa M. Abdel-Fattah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (A.-S.R.A.-A.); (D.M.A.-F.)
| | - Rahnaa M. Atta
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (Y.M.S.); (R.M.A.)
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Parekh S, Arkatkar A, Soni A, Patel P, Mishra K. Nyctanthes arbor-tristis alkaloids activates p53 independent cell death receptor and necroptosis pathways in HepG2 cells. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:167. [PMID: 37162805 PMCID: PMC10164211 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis is a traditional medicinal plant with potential anti-cancer properties. In this study, crude and alkaloid extracts were prepared from different parts of the plant, and their cytotoxicity was evaluated on four different cancer cell lines. The alkaloid extracts from the leaf and fruit showed promising results, with the HepG2 cell line exhibiting significant cytotoxicity. The promising extracts were further studied for their apoptotic potential using various methods, including DNA fragmentation, TUNEL, Caspase-3 activity, Giemsa, and Hoechst staining. Our results indicated that the fruit extract had the highest apoptotic potential, with clear nuclear condensation, fragmentation, and apoptotic bodies observed. We also investigated the alteration of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio both at the mRNA and protein levels. Our results showed a significant upregulation of the Bax gene and downregulation of the Bcl-2 gene for the fruit alkaloid extract. This indicates that the phenomenon of cell death expression might be following a p53-independent extrinsic pathway and Bax-activated caspase-independent AIF-mediated necroptosis in the HepG2 cancer cell line. Overall, our findings suggest that Nyctanthes arbor-tristis has potential as a therapeutic option for cancer treatment. The alkaloid extracts from the leaf and fruit may hold promise as a source of bioactive compounds for further development into anti-cancer agents. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms of their cytotoxic and apoptotic effects and to evaluate their safety and efficacy in animal models and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Parekh
- Department of Biotechnology, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Udhna-Magdalla Road, Surat, Gujarat India
| | - Ambika Arkatkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Udhna-Magdalla Road, Surat, Gujarat India
| | - Anjali Soni
- Department of Biotechnology, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Udhna-Magdalla Road, Surat, Gujarat India
| | - Parizad Patel
- Surat Raktdan Kendra and Research Centre, Surat, Gujarat India
| | - Kanchan Mishra
- Surat Raktdan Kendra and Research Centre, Surat, Gujarat India
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Suknoppakit P, Wangteeraprasert A, Simanurak O, Somran J, Parhira S, Pekthong D, Srisawang P. Calotropis gigantea stem bark extract activates HepG2 cell apoptosis through ROS and its effect on cytochrome P450. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16375. [PMID: 37251821 PMCID: PMC10220234 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The 95% ethanolic extract of the dry powder of Calotropis gigantea (C. gigantea) stem bark was separated by fractionation with different solutions to yield 4 fractions: dichloromethane (CGDCM), ethyl acetate (CGEtOAc), and water (CGW). This research focused on CGDCM-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells with IC50 and above-IC50 values, which provide useful information for future anticancer applications. CGDCM had lower cytotoxicity on normal lung fibroblast IMR-90 cells than on HepG2 cells. Apoptotic induction of CGDCM was mediated by decreased fatty acid and ATP synthesis while increasing reactive oxygen species production. The effects of the four extracts on the activity of the four major CYP450 isoforms (CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) were determined using the CYP-specific model activity of each isoform. All four fractions of the extract were shown to be poor inhibitors of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL) and moderate inhibitors of CYP3A4 (IC50 = 56.54-296.9 μg/mL). CGDCM and CGW exerted moderate inhibition activities on CYP2C9 (IC50 = 59.56 and 46.38 μg/mL, respectively), but CGEtOH and CGEtOAc exhibited strong inhibition activities (IC50 = 12.11 and 20.43 μg/mL, respectively). It is proposed that C. gigantea extracts at high doses have potential for further studies to develop alternative anticancer applications. Inhibiting CYP2C9 activity may also lead to drug-herb interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pennapha Suknoppakit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | | | - Orakot Simanurak
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Julintorn Somran
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Supawadee Parhira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Dumrongsak Pekthong
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Health and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Srisawang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Hemmami H, Seghir BB, Zeghoud S, Ben Amor I, Kouadri I, Rebiai A, Zaater A, Messaoudi M, Benchikha N, Sawicka B, Atanassova M. Desert Endemic Plants in Algeria: A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Polyphenolic Compounds and Pharmacological Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041834. [PMID: 36838819 PMCID: PMC9959599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their robust antioxidant capabilities, potential health benefits, wide variety of biological activities, and strong antioxidant qualities, phenolic compounds are substances that have drawn considerable attention in recent years. The main goal of the review is to draw attention to saharian Algerian medicinal plants and the determination of their bioactivity (antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory importance), and to present their chemical composition as well as in vivo and in vitro studies, clinical studies, and other studies confirming their real impact on human health. Research results have revealed a rich variety of medicinal plants used to treat various disease states in this region. Based on in vivo and in vitro studies, biological activity, and clinical studies, a list of 34 species of desert plants, belonging to 20 botanical families, useful both in preventive actions and in the treatment of neoplastic diseases has been established, and polyphenolic compounds have been identified as key to the health potential of endemic diseases and desert plants. It has been shown that people who follow a diet rich in polyphenols are less prone to the risk of many cancers and chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. In view of the increasing antioxidant potential of these plant species, as well as the increasing trade in herbal products from the Sahara region, phytosanitary and pharmaceutical regulations must change in this respect and should be in line with Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), and the sustainable use and development of plant products must be addressed at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadia Hemmami
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Bachir Ben Seghir
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Industrial Analysis and Materials Engineering (LAGIM), University May 8, 1945, Guelma 24000, Algeria
| | - Soumeia Zeghoud
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Ilham Ben Amor
- Department of Process Engineering and Petrochemical, Faculty of Technology, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Imane Kouadri
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Industrial Analysis and Materials Engineering (LAGIM), University May 8, 1945, Guelma 24000, Algeria
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University May 8, 1945, Guelma 24000, Algeria
| | - Abdelkrim Rebiai
- Renewable Energy Development Unit in Arid Zones (UDERZA), University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Abdelmalek Zaater
- Biodiversity Laboratory and Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Messaoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
- Nuclear Research Centre of Birine, Ain Oussera, Djelfa 17200, Algeria
| | - Naima Benchikha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued 39000, Algeria
| | - Barbara Sawicka
- Department of Plant Production Technology and Commodities Science, University of Life Science in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria Atanassova
- Scientific Consulting, Chemical Engineering, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 1734 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
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10
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Zubaidi SN, Mohd Nani H, Ahmad Kamal MS, Abdul Qayyum T, Maarof S, Afzan A, Mohmad Misnan N, Hamezah HS, Baharum SN, Mediani A. Annona muricata: Comprehensive Review on the Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Aspects Focusing on Antidiabetic Properties. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020353. [PMID: 36836708 PMCID: PMC9968120 DOI: 10.3390/life13020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have played an important role over the centuries in providing products that have been used to help combat ailments and diseases. Many products originating from fresh, dried-plant materials, or extracts are utilized as community remedies in traditional practices or even in modern medicine. The Annonaceae family contains different types of bioactive chemical properties, such as alkaloids, acetogenins, flavonoids, terpenes, and essential oil, meaning the plants in this family are potential therapeutic agents. Belonging to the Annonaceae family, Annona muricata Linn. has recently attracted the attention of scientists for its medicinal value. It has been utilized as a medicinal remedy since ancient times to treat and improve various diseases, for example, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, and bacterial infections. This review, therefore, highlights the important characteristic and therapeutic effect of A. muricata along with future perspectives on its hypoglycemic effect. The most-common name is soursop, referring to its sour and sweet flavors, while in Malaysia, this tree is commonly called 'durian belanda'. Furthermore, A. muricata contains a high content of phenolic compounds in the roots and leaves. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that A. muricata has the pharmacological effects of anti-cancer, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-ulcer, anti-diabetic, anti-hypertensive, and wound healing. With regard to its anti-diabetic effect, mechanisms of inhibiting glucose absorption via α-glucosidase and α-amylase activity inhibition, increasing glucose tolerance and glucose uptake by peripheral tissues, and stimulating insulin release or acting like insulin were deeply discussed. There is still a significant research gap, and future studies are required to conduct detailed investigations and gain a better molecular understanding of A. muricata's anti-diabetic potential, especially by using the metabolomics approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Norliyana Zubaidi
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hidayah Mohd Nani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Saleh Ahmad Kamal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya 47301, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Taha Abdul Qayyum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syahida Maarof
- Science and Food Technology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute, MARDI, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adlin Afzan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norazlan Mohmad Misnan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syarul Nataqain Baharum
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-8921-4546
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Anticancer acumens of three Annona species: a proportional review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-022-04306-5. [PMID: 36670184 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04306-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cumulative pattern of cancer could be seen in day-to-day life with each passing year and, it is becoming a great matter of concern especially to the scientific community worldwide. Alternative treatment methods for various types of cancer are in place and, being continuously worked out. Plant-derived natural substances have shown great results in combating cancer in comparison to chemo and radiotherapies which are toxic besides having serious side effects. In continuation, Annona species, native to America, Africa, Asia and Australia have been used in folk medicines and, are reported to have many anti-carcinogenic substances. METHODS For a prudent understanding of Annona species against various cancers, comparative investigation and analysis of three species viz., A. cherimola, A. muricata, and A. squamosa was undertaken through a detailed review of the in-attendance subject. The major scientific biomedical literature databases were consulted and the information available from 2011 until January 2021 was taken into account. RESULTS Studies on anti-cancer activities along with the thorough analysis of the findings and the pieces of evidence supporting their anti-proliferative, apoptosis, G1 cell cycle arrest and cytotoxic effects are described. A. muricata displayed maximum number of anti-cancer activities being revealed by most of its parts with the lowest IC50 values against various cancer cell lines compared to A. cherimola and A. squamosa. On account of the findings, it is advocated that, further detailed studies on anti-cancer explorations of Annona species could be proved fruitful in paving new and innovative methodologies for novel anti-cancer drug discovery and development.
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Bernitsa S, Dayan R, Stephanou A, Tzvetanova ID, Patrikios IS. Natural biomolecules and derivatives as anticancer immunomodulatory agents. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1070367. [PMID: 36700235 PMCID: PMC9868674 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1070367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in chemotherapy, the issue of resistance and non-responsiveness to many chemotherapeutic drugs that are currently in clinical use still remains. Recently, cancer immunotherapy has gathered attention as a novel treatment against select cancers. Immunomodulation is also emerging as an effective strategy to improve efficacy. Natural phytochemicals, with known anticancer properties, been reported to mediate their effects by modulating both traditional cancer pathways and immunity. The mechanism of phytochemical mediated-immunomodulatory activity may be attributed to the remodeling of the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and the sensitization of the immune system. This allows for improved recognition and targeting of cancer cells by the immune system and synergy with chemotherapeutics. In this review, we will discuss several well-known plant-derived biomolecules and examine their potential as immunomodulators, and therefore, as novel immunotherapies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rotem Dayan
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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13
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Lutoti S, Kaggwa B, Kamba PF, Mukonzo J, Sesaazi CD, Katuura E. Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in Breast Cancer Treatment by Traditional Health Practitioners in Central Uganda. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:635-651. [PMID: 36919184 PMCID: PMC10008314 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s387256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The study aimed to document the existing knowledge and practices related to breast cancer recognition and treatment using medicinal plants by traditional health practitioners in Central Uganda. Methods This cross-sectional exploratory survey, conducted between February and August 2020, applied a mixed methods research approach. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 119 traditional health practitioners (THPs) in Kampala, Wakiso and Mukono. Content analysis of qualitative data was done. Quantitative ethnobotanical survey indices, namely user reports (Nur), percentage of respondents with knowledge (PRK), informant consensus factor (Fic), fidelity level (FL), preference ranks (PR) and direct matrix ranking (DMR) were determined. Results Most THPs recognized breast cancer by breast swelling (n=74, 62.2%) and breast pain (n=29, 24.4%). They cited 30 plants from 30 genera in 23 families (Fic 0.75 on breast cancer). Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae and Rutaceae were the predominant families. The ten most cited plants were Annona muricata L. (Nur=24), Rhoicissus tridentata (L.f.) Wild & R.B.Drumm (Nur =19), Erythrococca bongensis Pax (Nur=11), Ficus sp. (Nur=10), Cannabis sativa L. (Nur=8), Ipomoea wightii (Wall.) Choisy (Nur=7), Erythrina abyssinica DC. (Nur=5), Leucas martinicensis (Jacq.) R.Br. (Nur=4), Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (Nur=4) and Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. (Nur=3). Annona muricata L. was highly preferred by THPs (PR 1), Ficus sp. had highest fidelity level (FL=77%) and Zanthoxylum chalybeum Engl. ranked as the highest multipurpose plant (DMR 1). Herbs (n=14, 47%) were the most commonly used life forms besides trees (n=11, 37%) and shrubs (n=5, 16%). THPs mostly used leaves (46%), prepared decoctions (82%) and applied residues on the breast. Conclusion THPs in Central Uganda recognized breast cancer by symptoms. Medicinal plants applied in its folk treatment have been documented and the claims of cure by THPs merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lutoti
- Department of Pharmacy, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.,Pharmbiotechnology and Traditional Medicine Centre, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Bruhan Kaggwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.,Pharmbiotechnology and Traditional Medicine Centre, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | | | - Jackson Mukonzo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Crispin Duncan Sesaazi
- Pharmbiotechnology and Traditional Medicine Centre, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Esther Katuura
- Department of Plant Sciences, Biotechnology and Microbiology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Bamisaye O, Fashina A, Abdulraheem F, Akanni OE, Olufemi FS. Genotoxic and chemopreventive potentials of ethanol leaves extract of Annona muricata on N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea-induced pro-leukaemia carcinogen in mice model by bone marrow micronucleus assay. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.20883/medical.e760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Studies have proven the effect of several agents, including natural products, to induce, prevent and treat genotoxicity through experimental models and clinical trials. In this study, the genotoxic preventive potential of Annona muricata ethanol extract on N-Ethyl-N-Nitrosourea (ENU)-induced pro-leukaemia in mice models using micronuclei formation in bone marrow was assessed.
Materials and methods. Forty-eight mice weighing 18-24g were randomly divided into six groups of eight mice. The mice were intravenously administered 20mg/kg of NEU 48 hourly 3 times, 80mg/kg of NEU 48 hourly 3 times. The negative control was fed with feed and water only. We introduced 0.2ml (0.1g/ml) ethanolic extract of Annona muricata for 3 weeks prior to NEU low dosage administration, 0.2ml (0.1g/ml) ethanolic extract of Annona muricata for 3 weeks prior to ENU high dosage and Annona muricata (ethanolic extract) administration, and gave commercial diet to the adverse/ toxicity group. The bone marrow was harvested, smeared and stained using MayGrumwald. The procedure enabled the determination of micronucleus polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) microscopically.
Results. Groups exposed to various dosages of the ENU yielded significantly increased MNPCEs, with group B producing higher MNPCEs. The groups treated with the extract displayed a significant reduction in the MNPCEs despite prior exposure to concentrations of NEU. The adverse group displayed no difference in MNPCEs compared with the negative control.
Conclusion. The ENU induced genotoxicity depending on its concentration. The extract displayed a profound capacity to prevent genotoxicity and alleviate leukaemia with good tolerance.
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CD36-Fatty Acid-Mediated Metastasis via the Bidirectional Interactions of Cancer Cells and Macrophages. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223556. [PMID: 36428985 PMCID: PMC9688315 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour heterogeneity refers to the complexity of cell subpopulations coexisting within the tumour microenvironment (TME), such as proliferating tumour cells, tumour stromal cells and infiltrating immune cells. The bidirectional interactions between cancer and the surrounding microenvironment mark the tumour survival and promotion functions, which allow the cancer cells to become invasive and initiate the metastatic cascade. Importantly, these interactions have been closely associated with metabolic reprogramming, which can modulate the differentiation and functions of immune cells and thus initiate the antitumour response. The purpose of this report is to review the CD36 receptor, a prominent cell receptor in metabolic activity specifically in fatty acid (FA) uptake, for the metabolic symbiosis of cancer-macrophage. In this review, we provide an update on metabolic communication between tumour cells and macrophages, as well as how the immunometabolism indirectly orchestrates the tumour metastasis.
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A Review on Annona muricata and Its Anticancer Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184539. [PMID: 36139697 PMCID: PMC9497149 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is becoming more prevalent, raising concerns regarding how well current treatments work. Cancer patients frequently seek alternative treatments to surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The use of medicinal plants in both preventative and curative healthcare is widely acknowledged. The compounds of graviola have shown promise as possible cancer-fighting agents and could be used to treat cancer. This review discusses bioactive metabolites present in graviola and their role in affecting the growth and death of different cancer cell types and the molecular mechanism of how it works to downregulate anti-apoptotic genes and the genes involved in pro-cancer metabolic pathways. Also, it reviews how simultaneously increasing the expression of genes promotes apoptosis and causes cancer cells to die so that the active phytochemicals found in graviola could be used as a promising anti-cancer agent. Abstract The ongoing rise in the number of cancer cases raises concerns regarding the efficacy of the various treatment methods that are currently available. Consequently, patients are looking for alternatives to traditional cancer treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy as a replacement. Medicinal plants are universally acknowledged as the cornerstone of preventative medicine and therapeutic practices. Annona muricata is a member of the family Annonaceae and is familiar for its medicinal properties. A. muricata has been identified to have promising compounds that could potentially be utilized for the treatment of cancer. The most prevalent phytochemical components identified and isolated from this plant are alkaloids, phenols, and acetogenins. This review focuses on the role of A. muricata extract against various types of cancer, modulation of cellular proliferation and necrosis, and bioactive metabolites responsible for various pharmacological activities along with their ethnomedicinal uses. Additionally, this review highlights the molecular mechanism of the role of A. muricata extract in downregulating anti-apoptotic and several genes involved in the pro-cancer metabolic pathways and decreasing the expression of proteins involved in cell invasion and metastasis while upregulating proapoptotic genes and genes involved in the destruction of cancer cells. Therefore, the active phytochemicals identified in A. muricata have the potential to be employed as a promising anti-cancer agent.
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Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Annonacae. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113462. [PMID: 35684400 PMCID: PMC9182277 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1789, the Annonaceae family was catalogued by de Jussieu. It encompasses tropical and subtropical plants which are widespread in distribution across various continents such as Asia, South and Central America, Australia and Africa. The genus of Annona is one of 120 genera of the Annonaceae family and contains more than 119 species of trees and shrubs. Most species are found in tropical America, where over 105 species have been identified. Due to its edible fruits and medicinal properties, Annona is the most studied genus of Annonaceae family. To date, only a limited number of these species have economic value, including A. squamosa L. (sugar apple), A. cherimola Mill. (Cherimoya), A. muricata L. (guanabana or soursop), A. atemoya Mabb. (atemoya), a hybrid between A. cherimola and A. squamosa, A. reticulata L. (custard apple), A. glabra L. (pond-apple) and A. macroprophyllata Donn. Sm. (ilama). Phytochemically, several classes of secondary metabolites, including acetogenins, essential oils, alkaloids, terpenoids and flavonoids. The pharmacological activities of Annona species leaves and seeds include antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Abdul-Hammed M, Adedotun IO, Mufutau KM, Towolawi BT, Afolabi TI, Irabor CO. Antibreast cancer activities of phytochemicals from Anonna muricata using computer-aided drug design (CADD) approach. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Antibreast cancer activities of 131 phytochemicals from Annona muricata
(Soursop) were investigated against human placental aromatase (PDB ID: 3S7S), a prominent target receptor in breast cancer therapy using computer aided-drug design approach. An antibreast cancer drug (tamoxifen) was used for comparison. The result of this work flourishes caffeoquinic acid (−8.4 kcal/mol), roseoside (−8.3 kcal/mol), chlorogenic acid (−8.2 kcal/mol), feruloylglycoside (−8.1 kcal/mol), citroside A (−8.0 kcal/mol), and coreximine (−7.8 kcal/mol), as probable inhibitors of human placental aromatase. This is due to their excellent binding affinities (ΔG), coupled with outstanding druglike, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity profiles, bioavailability and oral-bioavailability properties, and the interactions of important residues with the active pocket of human placental aromatase. All the results obtained were similar to that of the standards tamoxifen (−8.0 kcal/mol) but could be better when optimized. Thus, lead optimization, molecular dynamics, and in vivo investigations are thereby recommended on the identified potent compounds in the quest of developing new therapeutic agents against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbaudeen Abdul-Hammed
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology , P.M.B. 4000 , Ogbomoso , Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Olaide Adedotun
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology , P.M.B. 4000 , Ogbomoso , Nigeria
| | - Karimot Motunrayo Mufutau
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology , P.M.B. 4000 , Ogbomoso , Nigeria
| | - Bamidele Toheeb Towolawi
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology , P.M.B. 4000 , Ogbomoso , Nigeria
| | - Tolulope Irapada Afolabi
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology , P.M.B. 4000 , Ogbomoso , Nigeria
| | - Christianah Otoame Irabor
- Computational Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , Ladoke Akintola University of Technology , P.M.B. 4000 , Ogbomoso , Nigeria
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Kamble SS, Choudhari J, Nimma R, Kumar TVS, Patil KK, Hese SV, Dawane BS, Gacche RN. Chloroxylon swietenia (Roxb.) DC induces cell death and apoptosis by down-regulating the NF-κB pathway in MCF-7 breast cancer cells: In vitro and in vivo investigations. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2022; 5:e1600. [PMID: 35274824 PMCID: PMC9575507 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural products with targeted bioactivity have gained major attention in the field of cancer research owing to emerging anti‐cancer drug resistance and off target toxicities. Chloroxylon swietenia (Roxb.) DC is recognized as a folklore medicinal plant and has numerous therapeutic benefits in the folklore medicine system, however the anti‐cancer potential of this plant and its mechanism of action is poorly understood. Aims The aim of the study was to investigate the anti‐breast cancer efficacy of C. swietenia leaves methanol extract (CSLME) against MCF‐7 hormone dependent human breast cancer cell line with possible mechanism of action. Methods and results The anti‐breast cancer activity of CSLME against MCF‐7 cells was assessed by evaluating its efficacy toward cytotoxicity, cell migration, colony formation, DNA fragmentation, apoptosis, cytoskeleton, angiogenesis, cell cycle regulation, and animal toxicity. The preliminary screening of CSLME against MCF‐7 cells revealed the cytotoxicity (IC50 20 μg/ml), inhibited cell migration, colony formation, and angiogenesis. It was observed that CSLME induces apoptosis by nuclear fragmentation and disruption of cytoskeleton by actin derangement. The results of Annexin V‐FITC assay and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry clearly pointed out the sizable fraction of apoptotic cells, and arrested the cells at G2/M phase of cell cycle. The results of the immunoblotting experiments showed that CSLME activates intrinsic pathway of apoptosis with down regulation of anti‐apoptotic marker like Bcl2, up regulation of pro‐apoptotic markers like Bax & Bad, along with successful cleavage of Caspase‐9 and PARP‐1. Further, western blot analysis revealed the possible down regulation of NF‐κB pathway by CSLME, which may be responsible for anti‐cancer activity in MCF‐7 cells. In vivo animal model studies using NOD‐SCID mice demonstrated impressive anti‐tumor activity with significant reduction in tumor volume of MCF‐7 tumor xenograft. Of note, in‐vivo acute oral toxicity study as per Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 423 revealed the nontoxic nature of CSLME. Conclusion The in vitro and in vivo findings clearly outline the potential of CSLME as inhibitor of growth and proliferation of MCF‐7 cells. Mechanistically, CSLME seems to activate intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, arrest cell cycle, target actin cytoskeleton, inhibit growth, colony formation, migration, and angiogenesis, with down regulation of NF‐κB pathway leading to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali S Kamble
- Department of Biochemistry, Gramin Science (Vocational) College, Nanded, India
| | - Jasoda Choudhari
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | | | | | - Kapil K Patil
- Government Medical College & Hospital, Aurangabad, India
| | | | - Bhaskar S Dawane
- School of Chemical Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded, India
| | - Rajesh N Gacche
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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Dalal MD, Medithi S. A Review on the Nutraceutical Anti-Metastatic Importance of Annona Muricata Crude Extract (AMCE) and its Coping Mechanism Against Breast Cancer. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401318666220218110419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Annona Muricata is used as a folkloric herbal medicine as it has anticancer, antiproliferative and anti-tumorigenic properties. The extracts from various parts of the plant are considered therapeutic due to Annonaceous Acetogenin compounds which are an absolute boon to the versatility of the plant, paving the mechanistic pathways for its therapeutic potential.
Method:
Google Scholar and PubMed databases were reviewed with the main focus on availing information on Annona muricata and its anticancer effect on breast cancer.
Results and Discussion:
- An array of clinical investigations on the dosage of extracts on cell lines, animal models, and human trials provide confirmatory insights of A. muricata as a preventive and therapeutic measure for cancer. The extract when administered at different dosages shows a high cytotoxic effect on the cancer cells, mostly accounting for an IC50 of less than 1000µg/mL which is of significance.
Conclusion -:
Although high efficacy has been conclusive, assurance of the safety prior to commercialization is of significance. Investigations are required to define the origin and magnitude of side effects along with long-term safety for the enhancement of efficacy and optimum utilization of potential chemo-preventive properties of the plant for the curation of a nutraceutical intervention for cancer that surpasses the traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ms. Dimple Dalal
- Symbiosis Institute of Health Sciences (SIHS),
Symbiosis International (Deemed University),
Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Srujana Medithi
- Symbiosis Institute of Health Sciences (SIHS),
Symbiosis International (Deemed University),
Pune, Maharashtra, India
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21
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Merlín-Lucas V, Ordoñez-Razo RM, Calzada F, Solís A, García-Hernández N, Barbosa E, Valdés M. Antitumor Potential of Annona muricata Linn. An Edible and Medicinal Plant in Mexico: In Vitro, In Vivo, and Toxicological Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247675. [PMID: 34946755 PMCID: PMC8707445 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Annona muricata (Am) is a plant used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat cancer. In this study, ethanol extracts of Am collected in Acapulco and Tecpan from Guerrero state were evaluated orally on Balb/c mice inoculated with 4T1 cells, for cytotoxic activity (CA) on 4T1 cells, in brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA), and for acute oral toxicity in mice. In addition, ethanol extracts were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection. Results showed that the extracts collected in December in Acapulco (AcDe) and Tecpan (TeDe) exhibited the most significant antitumor and cytotoxic activity. In the BSLA, the most important effect was observed in the extracts from Acapulco and Tecpan collected in June (AcJu) and August (TeAg), respectively. The samples from Acapulco (AcJu, and AcAg) and Tecpan (TeJu and TeAg) showed the highest toxicity. The analysis of the extracts, AcDe and TeDe, by HPLC revealed that flavonoids, rutin, narcissin, and nicotinflorin were the major components. These findings suggest that extracts from Am collected in Acapulco and Tecpan in the month of December may be an important source to obtain flavonoid glycosides with anticancer potential specifically against breast cancer. This also supports the use of Am to treat cancer in Mexican traditional medicine.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Annona/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Artemia/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Female
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Medicine, Traditional
- Mexico
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Verenice Merlín-Lucas
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, 2° Piso, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (V.M.-L.); (F.C.)
| | - Rosa María Ordoñez-Razo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, UMAE Hospital Pediatría, 2° Piso, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico; (R.M.O.-R.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Fernando Calzada
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, 2° Piso, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (V.M.-L.); (F.C.)
| | - Aida Solís
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | - Normand García-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, UMAE Hospital Pediatría, 2° Piso, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico; (R.M.O.-R.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Elizabeth Barbosa
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón Esq. Plan de San Luis S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, Casco de Santo Tomas, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Miguel Valdés
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, 2° Piso, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Mexico City 06725, Mexico;
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Picciolo G, Mannino F, Irrera N, Minutoli L, Altavilla D, Vaccaro M, Oteri G, Squadrito F, Pallio G. Reduction of oxidative stress blunts the NLRP3 inflammatory cascade in LPS stimulated human gingival fibroblasts and oral mucosal epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112525. [PMID: 34906776 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic armamentarium for the treatment of oral mucositis is very poor. Catechin and baicalin are two natural flavonoids that have been individually reported to have a curative potential. Flavocoxid is a mixed extract containing baicalin and catechin showing antioxidant effects and anti-inflammatory activity mainly due to a dual inhibition of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and NLRP3 pathway. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of flavocoxid in an "in vitro" model of oral mucositis induced by triggering an inflammatory phenotype in human gingival fibroblasts (GF) and human oral mucosal epithelial cells (EC). GF and EC were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS 2 μg/ml) alone or in combination with flavocoxid (32 μg/ml). Flavocoxid increased Nrf2, prompted a marked reduction in malondialdehyde levels and reduced the expression of COX-2 and 5-LOX together with PGE2, and LTB4 levels. Flavocoxid caused also a great decrease in the expression of NF-κB and turned off NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream effectors signal, as caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in both GF and EC cells stimulated with LPS. These results suggest a correlation between oxidative stress and NLRP3 activation and indicate that flavocoxid suppresses the inflammatory storm that accompanies oral mucositis. This preclinical evidence deserves to be confirmed in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Picciolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; SunNutraPharma, Academic Spin-Off Company of the University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; SunNutraPharma, Academic Spin-Off Company of the University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Oteri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; SunNutraPharma, Academic Spin-Off Company of the University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
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23
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Yap KM, Sekar M, Fuloria S, Wu YS, Gan SH, Mat Rani NNI, Subramaniyan V, Kokare C, Lum PT, Begum MY, Mani S, Meenakshi DU, Sathasivam KV, Fuloria NK. Drug Delivery of Natural Products Through Nanocarriers for Effective Breast Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:7891-7941. [PMID: 34880614 PMCID: PMC8648329 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s328135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer (BC), it remains a global health issue affecting millions of women annually. Poor prognosis in BC patients is often linked to drug resistance as well as the lack of effective therapeutic options for metastatic and triple-negative BC. In response to these unmet needs, extensive research efforts have been devoted to exploring the anti-BC potentials of natural products owing to their multi-target mechanisms of action and good safety profiles. Various medicinal plant extracts/essential oils and natural bioactive compounds have demonstrated anti-cancer activities in preclinical BC models. Despite the promising preclinical results, however, the clinical translation of natural products has often been hindered by their poor stability, aqueous solubility and bioavailability. There have been attempts to overcome these limitations, particularly via the use of nano-based drug delivery systems (NDDSs). This review highlights the tumour targeting mechanisms of NDDSs, the advantages and disadvantages of the major classes of NDDSs and their current clinical status in BC treatment. Besides, it also discusses the proposed anti-BC mechanisms and nanoformulations of nine medicinal plants' extracts/essential oils and nine natural bioactive compounds; selected via the screening of various scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, based on the following keywords: "Natural Product AND Nanoparticle AND Breast Cancer". Overall, these nanoformulations exhibit improved anti-cancer efficacy against preclinical BC models, with some demonstrating biocompatibility with normal cell lines and mouse models. Further clinical studies are, however, warranted to ascertain their efficacy and biocompatibility in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Min Yap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | | | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Selangor, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | | | - Chandrakant Kokare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sinhgad Technical Education Society’s, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmacy, Narhe, Pune, 411041, India
| | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, 30450, Malaysia
| | - M Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Asir-Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankar Mani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, Mandya, Karnataka, 571418, India
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24
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Carter CJ, Mekkawy AH, Morris DL. Role of human nucleoside transporters in pancreatic cancer and chemoresistance. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6844-6860. [PMID: 34790010 PMCID: PMC8567477 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i40.6844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of pancreatic cancer is poor with the overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5% changing minimally over the past decades and future projections predicting it developing into the second leading cause of cancer related mortality within the next decade. Investigations into the mechanisms of pancreatic cancer development, progression and acquired chemoresistance have been constant for the past few decades, thus resulting in the identification of human nucleoside transporters and factors affecting cytotoxic uptake via said transporters. This review summaries the aberrant expression and role of human nucleoside transports in pancreatic cancer, more specifically human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1/2 (hENT1, hENT2), and human concentrative nucleoside transporter 1/3 (hCNT1, hCNT3), while briefly discussing the connection and importance between these nucleoside transporters and mucins that have also been identified as being aberrantly expressed in pancreatic cancer. The review also discusses the incidence, current diagnostic techniques as well as the current therapeutic treatments for pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we address the importance of chemoresistance in nucleoside analogue drugs, in particular, gemcitabine and we discuss prospective therapeutic treatments and strategies for overcoming acquired chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer by the enhancement of human nucleoside transporters as well as the potential targeting of mucins using a combination of mucolytic compounds with cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Jade Carter
- Hepatobiliary and Surgical Oncology Unit, Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2217, New South Wales, Australia
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Australia
| | - Ahmed H Mekkawy
- Hepatobiliary and Surgical Oncology Unit, Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2217, New South Wales, Australia
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Australia
| | - David L Morris
- Hepatobiliary and Surgical Oncology Unit, Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2217, New South Wales, Australia
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Australia
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25
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Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
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Cárdenas C, Torres-Vargas JA, Cárdenas-Valdivia A, Jurado N, Quesada AR, García-Caballero M, Martínez-Poveda B, Medina MÁ. Non-targeted metabolomics characterization of Annona muricata leaf extracts with anti-angiogenic activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112263. [PMID: 34626933 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The tropical plant Annona muricata has been widely used for traditional ethnobotanic and pharmacologic applications. Extracts from different parts of this plant have been shown to have a wide range of biological activities. In the present study, we carry out a metabolomic study of both aqueous and DMSO extracts from Annona muricata leaves that has allowed us to identify 33 bioactive compounds. Furthermore, we have shown that aqueous extracts are able to inhibit endothelial cell migration and both aqueous and DMSO extracts inhibit the formation of tubule-like structures by endothelial cells cultured on Matrigel. We conclude that extracts of Annona muricata leaves have great potential as anti-angiogenic natural combinations of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casimiro Cárdenas
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; Research Support Central Services (SCAI) of the University of Málaga, Spain
| | - José Antonio Torres-Vargas
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Abel Cárdenas-Valdivia
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Nuria Jurado
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana R Quesada
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Melissa García-Caballero
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Beatriz Martínez-Poveda
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Medina
- Universidad de Málaga, Andalucía Tech, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, E-29071 Málaga, Spain; IBIMA (Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga), E-29071 Málaga, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), E-29071 Málaga, Spain.
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27
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Ali S, Khan MR, Khan A, Khan R. In vitro anticancer activity of extracted oil from Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana (Decne) Rehder. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 91:153697. [PMID: 34399165 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana, commonly referred to as "Beranj" in the local community, is widely used traditionally and has numerous health benefits. However, no studies have been conducted to investigate its anticancer potential, particularly its extracted oil. PURPOSE The present study was put forth to appraise the anticancer potential of Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana extracted oil against liver (hcclm3 and hepg2) and breast cancer (mda-mb 231 and mcf-7) cell lines relative to normal cell lines (lo2 and mcf-10a) via MTT assay. METHODS Flow cytometry indicated the apoptotic effect whereas invasion and migration capabilities of oil against cancer cells were determined by Matrigel invasion chamber and wound-scratch assays. RESULTS The results of oil revealed a time and dose-dependent increase in cell proliferation inhibition, conferring to least IC50 shown against hcclm3 (144.9 ± 0.75 μg/ml) and mda-mb 231 (145.7 ± 0.32 μg/ml) cell line at 72 h, whereas no cytotoxic effect on normal cells was observed. In addition, the oil significantly (p < 0.001) suppressed the migration and invasion of hcclm3 and mda-mb 231 cells, showing noteworthy anti-metastatic potential. Furthermore, cell death was confirmed by Annexin‒V/PI staining where the maximum apoptotic percentage was calculated for oil (200 μg/ml) alongside mda-mb 231 conferring to 15.36 ± 1.22, 26.7 ± 1.2, and 36.43 ± 1.65 at 24, 48, and 72 h whereas 12.33 ± 1.05, 19.36 ± 1.62, and 29.3 ± 0.79 was recorded alongside hcclm3 at similar time intervals, respectively. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the extracted oil exhibited strong anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic, and apoptotic effects and therefore may have potential applications in cancer treatment, however, further studies of oil regarding the action mechanisms and compounds involved in anticancer therapy are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Asghar Khan
- National Centre for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Raees Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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28
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Ali S, Khan MR, Batool R, Shah SA, Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Yaseen T, Zahra N, Aldhahrani A, Althobaiti F. Characterization and phytochemical constituents of Periploca hydaspidis Falc crude extract and its anticancer activities. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5500-5517. [PMID: 34588860 PMCID: PMC8459161 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to investigate the anticancer potential of Periploca hydaspidis extracts against HCCLM3 and MDA-MB 231 cell lines with invasive properties and to identify molecular targets underlying its action mechanism. Cytotoxic screening of plant extracts was done via MTT assay against liver and breast cancer cell lines and GC/MS of the best cytotoxic fraction was performed to identify its chemical composition. Flow cytometry detected apoptosis and cell-cycle changes after drug treatment. The specified cells were studied for migration and invasion potential along with performing western blot analysis of proteins involved in apoptosis, cell-cycle, metastasis, and MAPK (Mitogen-activated protein kinase) cell-signaling pathway. The results revealed the crude methanol (PHM) fraction of P. hydaspidis shown dose and time dependent cell-proliferative inhibition response. GC/MS analysis detected 54 compounds of which fatty acids (29.8%), benzenoids (15.7%), and esters (14.3%) constituted the bulk. The inhibitory effect against cancer cells was linked with cell-cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, induction of apoptosis, reduced migration and invasion capabilities post treatment. PHM induced apoptosis via downregulation of anti-apoptotic (survivin, B-cell lymphoma Extra-large; BCL-XL, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein; XIAP, Myelocytomatosis; C-myc), metastatic (Matrix metallopeptidases 9/2; MMP9/2), and cell-cycle regulatory (cyclin D1 and E) proteins, whereas upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer; BAK, Bcl-2-Associate X protein; BAX, cleaved caspases; 3,7,8,9, and PARP) and activation of MAPK (Jun amino-terminal kinase; JNK and P38) pathway. P38 was needed for PHM-induced apoptosis, where the inhibition of P38 by pharmacological inhibitor (SB239063) diminished the apoptotic effects. Overall, our results conclude that PHM can inhibit cell-proliferation and induce apoptotic effects by activation of P38 MAPK cell-signaling pathway. This suggests the methanol fraction of P. hydaspidis (PHM) to have anticancer compounds, potentially useful for treating liver and breast cancer. In future, one-step advance studies of PHM regarding its role in metastatic inhibition, immune response modulation for reducing tumor, and inducing apoptosis in suitable animal models would be an interesting and promising research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Riffat Batool
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sayed Afzal Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Banzeer Ahsan Abbasi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Tabassum Yaseen
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nida Zahra
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Adil Aldhahrani
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez Althobaiti
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Chen H, Li R, Zhang F, Yao Q, Guo Y. A Scientometric Visualization Analysis for Natural Products on Cancer Research from 2008 to 2020. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:650141. [PMID: 34421584 PMCID: PMC8377543 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.650141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: An increasing number of studies have shown that natural products have anti-tumor effects, and it has become a hotspot in cancer research. However, few bibliometric analyses have been examined in this field systematically. The current study aimed to explore the status and provide the developing trends in the natural products on cancer research. Methods: Publications on natural products in cancer research were extracted from the Web of Science core collection database. CiteSpace (5.6.R3) software and GraphPad prism 6 were used to analyze and plot the references. Results: On February 1, 2021, 34,611 records of natural products in cancer research published from 2008 to 2020 were collected. The United States was the driving force, with a strong academic reputation in this area. The top-contributing institution was the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Most publications were published in Molecules. Efferth Thomas was the most prolific author, while Newman DJ was the most cited and frequently co-cited author. Flavonoid, curcumin, and polyphenol were the most widely studied natural products. Oleanolic acid and rosmarinic acid have gradually become research hotspots recently. Breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colorectal cancer were the most common types of cancer in this field. “Natural killer cell” was the leading research hotspot. The keywords of “leaf extract,” “molecular docking” and “gold nanoparticle” appeared most recently as research frontiers. Conclusion: Our results provided a general overview of the major research directions of natural products research in cancer. The mechanisms of natural products, especially those related to molecular docking, gold nanoparticle, gut microbiota, and immune checkpoints may soon become hotspots and should be closely monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Chen
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- The Third Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Hadisaputri YE, Habibah U, Abdullah FF, Halimah E, Mutakin M, Megantara S, Abdulah R, Diantini A. Antiproliferation Activity and Apoptotic Mechanism of Soursop ( Annona muricata L.) Leaves Extract and Fractions on MCF7 Breast Cancer Cells. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2021; 13:447-457. [PMID: 34295188 PMCID: PMC8291383 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s317682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women globally, and the incidence rate has increased annually. Traditional medicine is frequently used as a cancer treatment, and soursop or Annona muricata L (A. muricata) is a traditional medicinal plant that has been widely used as an anticancer treatment and requires more thorough study. Methods In this research, we prepared ethanol extract and three solvents, ie, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and water fractions of A. muricata leaves and assessed their antiproliferation and cytotoxic activity on MCF7 breast cancer cells compared with that on CV1 normal kidney cells; observation of cell morphology by stained with mixture of propidium iodide and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole indicated that this treatment induced an ongoing process of apoptotic cell death in MCF7 cells. To clarify the cell death mechanism via apoptosis, we assessed the mRNA expression in the caspase cascade of caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP-1, and anti-apoptotic, Bcl-2 which mediated cytotoxic activity of extracts and ethyl acetate fractions of A. muricata leaves against MCF7 cells. Results The ethanol extract, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, and water fractions of A. muricata leaves had IC50 values of 5.3, 2.86, 3.08, and 48.31 µg/mL, respectively, in MCF7 cells but had no activity in CV1 cells. The high cytotoxic activity of A. muricata leaves was reflected by changes in the morphology of cancer cells that appeared after 6 h exposure to A. muricata leaf extract and ethyl acetate fraction; the membrane and nucleus of cells undergoing apoptosis were characterized by the rupture and loss of membranes and nuclei. The mechanism that mediates this cytotoxic activity in MCF7 cells was mediated through a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and an increase in caspase-9 and caspase-3 mRNA expression. Conclusion Therefore, the leaves of the medicinal plant A. muricata contained compounds that on extraction exerted a highly effective activity as an anticancer treatment for breast cancer via induced apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuni Elsa Hadisaputri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia.,Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Ummi Habibah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia.,Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Fajar Fauzi Abdullah
- Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Eli Halimah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Mutakin Mutakin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Sandra Megantara
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Ajeng Diantini
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
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Akpan UM, Pellegrini M, Salifu AA, Obayemi JD, Ezenwafor T, Browe D, Ani CJ, Danyuo Y, Dozie-Nwachukwu S, Odusanya OS, Freeman J, Soboyejo WO. In vitro studies of Annona muricata L. extract-loaded electrospun scaffolds for localized treatment of breast cancer. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 109:2041-2056. [PMID: 33960623 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents in vitro studies of the sustained release of Annona muricata leaf extracts (AME) from hybrid electrospun fibers for breast cancer treatment. Electrospun hybrid scaffolds were fabricated from crude AME extracts, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/gelatin (PLGA/Ge) and pluronic F127. The physicochemical properties of the AME extract and scaffolds were studied. The antiproliferative effects of the scaffolds were also assessed on breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and non-tumorigenic breast (MCF10A) cell lines. Scanning electron microscope micrographs revealed a random network of micro- and submicron fibers. In vitro drug release profiles, governed by quasi-Fickian diffusion at pH 7.4 and non-Fickian super case II at pH 6.7, showed initial burst AME release from the PLGA/Ge-AME and PLGA/Ge-F127/AME fibers at pH 7.4, and burst release from PLGA/Ge-F127/AME (not observed from PLGA/Ge-AME) at pH 6.7. Then, a slower, sustained release of the remaining AME from the fibers, attributed to the onset of degradation of the PLGA/Ge backbone, was observed for the next 72 hr. The cumulative release of AME was 89.33 ± 0.73% (PLGA/Ge-AME) and 51.17 ± 7.96% (PLGA/Ge-F127/AME) at pH 7.4, and 9.27 ± 2.3% and 73.5 ± 4.5%, respectively, at pH 6.7. Pluronic F127 addition increased the drug loading capacity and prolonged the sustained AME release from the fibers. The released AME significantly inhibited the in vitro growth of the breast cancer cells more than the non-tumorigenic cells, due to the induction of apoptosis, providing evidence for using pluronic F127-containing electrospun fibers for sustained and localized AME delivery to breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udom M Akpan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria.,Scientific Equipment Development Institute, Minna, Niger State (SEDI-M), National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI), Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Michael Pellegrini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ali A Salifu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John D Obayemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Theresa Ezenwafor
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, African University of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Daniel Browe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Chukwuemeka J Ani
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Physics, African University of Science and Technology, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Yiporo Danyuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ashesi University, Accra, Ghana
| | - Stella Dozie-Nwachukwu
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Advanced Laboratory, Sheda Science and Technology Complex (SHESTCO), Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olushola S Odusanya
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Advanced Laboratory, Sheda Science and Technology Complex (SHESTCO), Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Freeman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Winston O Soboyejo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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de Oliveira DM, Menezes DB, Andrade LR, Lima FDC, Hollanda L, Zielinska A, Sanchez-Lopez E, Souto EB, Severino P. Silver nanoparticles obtained from Brazilian pepper extracts with synergistic anti-microbial effect: production, characterization, hydrogel formulation, cell viability, and in vitro efficacy. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 26:539-548. [PMID: 33685334 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.1898634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts is known as a green approach, as it does not require the use of high pressure, energy, high temperature, or toxic chemicals. The approach makes use of plant extracts in a process called bioreduction, which is mediated by enzymes, proteins, amino acids, and metabolites found in bark, seed, and leaf extracts, transforming silver ions into metallic silver. This work aimed at developing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Brazilian pepper, applying this green methodology. Hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi was prepared and its concentration of polyphenols, tannins, and saponins quantified. The produced nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential (ZP). AgNPs were formulated in sodium alginate hydrogels to obtain a nano-based semi-solid formulation for skin application. The obtained silver nanoparticles of mean size between 350 and 450 nm showed no cytotoxicity against L929 mouse fibroblasts within the concentration range of 0.025 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL. Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi was found to enhance microbial inhibition against the tested strains, especially against gram-negative bacteria. Its potential use as an alternative to overcome bacterial resistance can be expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil.,Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Diego B Menezes
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil.,Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Lucas R Andrade
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil.,Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Felipe da C Lima
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil.,Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Luciana Hollanda
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil.,Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Aleksandra Zielinska
- Faculty of Pharmacy (FFUC), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Elena Sanchez-Lopez
- Faculty of Pharmacy (FFUC), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliana B Souto
- Faculty of Pharmacy (FFUC), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Severino
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine (LNMED), Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil.,Industrial Biotechnology Program, University of Tiradentes (UNIT), Aracaju, Brazil.,Tiradentes Institute, Dorchester, MA, USA.,Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women & Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Health Potential of Aloe vera against Oxidative Stress Induced Corneal Damage: An "In Vitro" Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020318. [PMID: 33672553 PMCID: PMC7923787 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is characterized by the gradual deterioration of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and is the most common cause of corneal transplantation worldwide. CECs apoptosis caused by oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of FECD. Antioxidant compounds have been of considerable significance as a candidate treatment in the management of corneal diseases. Based on these findings, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an aloe extract with antioxidant properties, in an “in vitro” model of FECD. Human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells were preincubated with aloe extract 100 μg/mL, two hours before hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus. H2O2 challenge significantly reduced the cell viability, increased the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and malondialdehyde levels. Moreover, m-RNA expression and activity of Nrf-2, Catalase and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) were reduced together with an enhanced expression of IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). Furthermore, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 expression were down-regulated while Bax was up-regulated by H2O2 stimulus. Aloe extract blunted the oxidative stress-induced inflammatory cascade triggered by H2O2 and modulated apoptosis. Aloe extract defends HCE cells from H2O2-induced injury possibly due its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, indicating that eye drops containing aloe extract may be used as an adjunctive treatment for FECD.
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Wijaya DA, Louisa M, Wibowo H, Taslim A, Permata TBM, Handoko H, Nuryadi E, Kodrat H, Gondhowiardjo SA. The future potential of Annona muricata L. extract and its bioactive compounds as radiation sensitizing agent: proposed mechanisms based on a systematic review. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2021.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite technological advances in cancer treatment, especially in radiotherapy, many efforts are being made in improving cancer cell radio-sensitivity to increase therapeutic ratio and overcome cancer cell radio-resistance. In the present review, we evaluated the anticancer mechanism of Annona muricata L. (AM) leaves extract and its bioactive compounds such as annonaceous acetogenins, annomuricin, annonacin, or curcumin; and further correlated them with the potential of the mechanism to increase or to reduce cancer cells radio-sensitivity based on literature investigation. We see that AM has a promising future potential as a radio-sensitizer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Andi Wijaya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Melva Louisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heri Wibowo
- Laboratorium Terpadu, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aslim Taslim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Handoko Handoko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Endang Nuryadi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Henry Kodrat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Soehartati Argadikoesoema Gondhowiardjo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital - Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Salsabila IA, Nugraheni N, Ahlina FN, Haryanti S, Meiyanto E. Synergistic Cotreatment Potential of Soursop ( Annona muricata L.) Leaves Extract with Doxorubicin on 4T1 Cells with Antisenescence and Anti-reactive-oxygen-species Properties. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:57-67. [PMID: 34567146 PMCID: PMC8457719 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112485.13788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Annona muricata L. extract (AME) exhibits cytotoxic activities on various types of cancer cells. This study aims to unveil the anticancer activity of AME as a cotreatment agent with doxorubicin (dox) on 4T1 cells and AME's relation to senescence. AME was obtained by maceration using 96% ethanol. AME was then subjected to qualitative analysis using TLC compared to quercetin (hRf = 75). Spectrophotometry analysis of AME resulted in a total flavonoid content of 2.3% ± 0.05%. Cytotoxic evaluation using the MTT assay revealed that AME showed an IC50 value of 63 µg/mL, while its combination (25 µg/mL) with dox (10 nM) decreased the viability of 4T1 cells to 58 % (CI = 0.15). Flowcytometry using propidium iodide staining confirmed that AME (13 and 25 µg/mL) caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase as a single treatment and G2/M arrest in combination with dox. However, by using the dichloro dihydrofluorescein diacetate staining assay, it turned out that AME at concentrations of 13 and 25 µg/mL decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels both as a single treatment and in combination with dox. Senescence-associated β - galactosidase assay showed that AME decreased dox-induced senescence. AME alone and in combination with dox (cotreatment) showed cytotoxic effect synergistically on 4T1 cells, but this was not caused by an increase in intracellular ROS levels as well as senescence induction. Therefore, AME showed its potential to be a cotreatment agent with antioxidant property on triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfani Aura Salsabila
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Nadzifa Nugraheni
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Faradiba Nur Ahlina
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Sari Haryanti
- Medicinal Plant and Traditional Medicinal Research and Development Centre, Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, Tawangmangu, Central Java, Indonesia.
| | - Edy Meiyanto
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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Syed Najmuddin SUF, Amin ZM, Tan SW, Yeap SK, Kalyanasundram J, Veerakumarasivam A, Chan SC, Chia SL, Yusoff K, Alitheen NB. Oncolytic effects of the recombinant Newcastle disease virus, rAF-IL12, against colon cancer cells in vitro and in tumor-challenged NCr-Foxn1nu nude mice. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9761. [PMID: 33354412 PMCID: PMC7731658 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer remains one of the main cancers causing death in men and women worldwide as certain colon cancer subtypes are resistant to conventional treatments and the development of new cancer therapies remains elusive. Alternative modalities such as the use of viral-based therapeutic cancer vaccine is still limited, with only the herpes simplex virus (HSV) expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or talimogene laherparepvec (T-Vec) being approved in the USA and Europe so far. Therefore, it is imperative to continue the search for a new treatment modality. This current study evaluates a combinatorial therapy between the oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokine as a potential therapeutic vaccine to the current anti-cancer drugs. Several in vitro analyses such as MTT assay, Annexin V/FITC flow cytometry, and cell cycle assay were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity effect of recombinant NDV, rAF-IL12. Meanwhile, serum cytokine, serum biochemical, histopathology of organs and TUNEL assay were carried out to assess the anti-tumoral effects of rAF-IL12 in HT29 tumor-challenged nude mice. The apoptosis mechanism underlying the effect of rAF-IL12 treatment was also investigated using NanoString Gene expression analysis. The recombinant NDV, rAF-IL12 replicated in HT29 colon cancer cells as did its parental virus, AF2240-i. The rAF-IL12 treatment had slightly better cytotoxicity effects towards HT29 cancer cells when compared to the AF2240-i as revealed by the MTT, Annexin V FITC and cell cycle assay. Meanwhile, the 28-day treatment with rAF-IL12 had significantly (p < 0.05) perturbed the growth and progression of HT29 tumor in NCr-Foxn1nu nude mice when compared to the untreated and parental wild-type NDV strain AF2240-i. The rAF-IL12 also modulated the immune system in nude mice by significantly (p < 0.05) increased the level of IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ cytokines. Treatment with rAF-IL12 had also significantly (p < 0.05) increased the expression level of apoptosis-related genes such as Fas, caspase-8, BID, BAX, Smad3 and granzyme B in vitro and in vivo. Besides, rAF-IL12 intra-tumoral delivery was considered safe and was not hazardous to the host as evidenced in pathophysiology of the normal tissues and organs of the mice as well as from the serum biochemistry profile of liver and kidney. Therefore, this study proves that rAF-IL12 had better cytotoxicity effects than its parental AF2240-i and could potentially be an ideal treatment for colon cancer in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahiah Mohamed Amin
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | - Suet Lin Chia
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Malaysian Genome Institute, National Institute of Biotechnology Malaysia, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Alshaeri HK, Alasmari MM, Natto ZS, Pino-Figueroa A. Effects of Annona muricata Extract on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Mediated Through EGFR Signaling. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:12519-12526. [PMID: 33304106 PMCID: PMC7723033 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s278647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the antiproliferative activity and the mechanisms of action of Annona muricata ethyl acetate (AMEA) extract and one of its active fractions on BT-20 TNBC cells. Methods The triple-negative human breast cancer BT-20 cells were used. After the preparation and extraction of Annona muricata ethyl acetate (AMEA), the ethyl acetate extract was exposed to a preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate. From this preparative TLC plate, eight individual bands were collected. Each band was scraped and removed from the plate and soaked in ethyl acetate. After filtration, all eight fractions were then tested on the BT-20 TNBC cells using the MTS cell viability assay. The expressions of EGFR, p-EGFR, AKT, p-AKT, MAPK, p-MAPK, cyclin D1, and NF-κB p65 were measured using Western blot analysis. Results The AMEA showed a significant decrease in NF-κB p65 protein expression and BT-20 cell viability, as determined via the MTS assay. Furthermore, the AMEA was subjected to preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC), and eight fractions were obtained. From the eight fractions, only fraction 4 (F4) showed a significant reduction in cell viability in the MTS assay. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that AMEA and F4 formed an antiproliferative effect. These effects were complemented by a downregulation of cyclin D1 assembly, causing cell-cycle arrest at the G1/S phase. Furthermore, NF-κB was measured because of its involvement in the progression of cancers. Conclusion The antiproliferative influence is produced through EGFR-mediated signaling pathways, which include AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and cyclin D1 inhibition. Further studies will be required to demonstrate the possible applications of this natural product in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba K Alshaeri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MCPHS University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moudi M Alasmari
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah International Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair S Natto
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Younes M, Ammoury C, Haykal T, Nasr L, Sarkis R, Rizk S. The selective anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect of A. cherimola on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:343. [PMID: 33187495 PMCID: PMC7664056 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Herbal medicines have been a major target for numerous studies through the past years as an alternative treatment for cancer, mainly due to their minimal effects on normal healthy cells. Annona cherimola, popularly known as Cherimoya, is an edible natural fruit rich in phytochemical components and known to possess various biological activities. Previous studies have reported the anti-cancerous effect of A. cherimola ethanolic leaf extract (AELE) on leukemia. This study aims at studying the potential anti-cancer activity of this extract in vitro in two different breast cancer cell lines, namely MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, in addition to investigating its toxicity on normal mesenchymal stem cells. Methods The anti-proliferative effect of AELE was evaluated via cell viability assay. Propidium iodide staining, Cell Death Detection ELISA and flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V binding were used to assess cell cycle progression, DNA fragmentation and apoptosis induction, respectively. Protein expression was determined via Western Blot analysis to decipher the underlying apoptotic molecular mechanism induced upon AELE treatment. Results The anti-proliferative effect of the extract was found to be selective on the triple-negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) in a time- and dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 390.2 μg/mL at 48 h, with no cytotoxic effects on normal murine mesenchymal stem cells. The pro-apoptotic effect was confirmed by the increase in cellular and DNA fragmentation, flipping of the phosphatidylserine moiety to the outer leaflet, and the increase in Annexin V binding. The underlying molecular mechanism revealed the involvement of the mitochondrial pathway, as shown by alterations in mitochondrial permeability and the upregulation of cytochrome c expression. Conclusion All the data presented in our study suggest that AELE exhibits a selective anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect on the chemo-resistant MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, providing evidence for the anti-tumor effects of A. cherimola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Younes
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Carl Ammoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Tony Haykal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Leah Nasr
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Rita Sarkis
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.,Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC) & Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Rizk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
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Scaria B, Sood S, Raad C, Khanafer J, Jayachandiran R, Pupulin A, Grewal S, Okoko M, Arora M, Miles L, Pandey S. Natural Health Products (NHP's) and Natural Compounds as Therapeutic Agents for the Treatment of Cancer; Mechanisms of Anti-Cancer Activity of Natural Compounds and Overall Trends. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8480. [PMID: 33187200 PMCID: PMC7697102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most cancer therapeutics, such as tubulin-targeting chemotherapy drugs, cause cytotoxic, non-selective effects. These harmful side-effects drastically reduce the cancer patient's quality of life. Recently, researchers have focused their efforts on studying natural health products (NHP's) which have demonstrated the ability to selectively target cancer cells in cellular and animal models. However, the major hurdle of clinical validation remains. NHP's warrant further clinical investigation as a therapeutic option since they exhibit low toxicity, while retaining a selective effect. Additionally, they can sensitize cancerous cells to chemotherapy, which enhances the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs, indicating that they can be utilized as supplemental therapy. An additional area for further research is the investigation of drug-drug interactions between NHP's and chemotherapeutics. The objectives of this review are to report the most recent results from the field of anticancer NHP research, and to highlight the most recent advancements in possible supplemental therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Siyaram Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada; (B.S.); (S.S.); (C.R.); (J.K.); (R.J.); (A.P.); (S.G.); (M.O.); (M.A.); (L.M.)
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Leite DOD, de F. A. Nonato C, Camilo CJ, de Carvalho NKG, da Nobrega MGLA, Pereira RC, da Costa JGM. Annona Genus: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4056-4091. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200325094422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Species from the Annona (Anonaceae) genus are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various
diseases. Ethnobotanical studies provide information regarding the plant part and the preparation method
being used, while scientific studies such as in vitro, in vivo, and clinical tests can provide evidence supporting
ethnopharmacological reports, directing studies towards the isolation of compounds which may be active for
specific pathologies. Annona muricata and Annona squamosa were the most commonly reported species from
those studied, with Annona cherimola and Annona classiflora also standing out. Acetogenins were the most
commonly isolated metabolite class due to their cytotoxic properties, with flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, and
peptides also being reported. Many species from the Annona genus have proven biological activities, such as
antitumor, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antifungal. The present review had as its objective to facilitate access to
ethnobotanical, chemical and biological information in order to direct future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora O. D. Leite
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Laboratorio de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, 63105-100, Crato, Brazil
| | - Carla de F. A. Nonato
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Laboratorio de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, 63105-100, Crato, Brazil
| | - Cicera J. Camilo
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Laboratorio de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, 63105-100, Crato, Brazil
| | - Natália K. G. de Carvalho
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Laboratorio de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, 63105-100, Crato, Brazil
| | - Mário G. L. A. da Nobrega
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Laboratorio de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, 63105-100, Crato, Brazil
| | - Rafael C. Pereira
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Laboratorio de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, 63105-100, Crato, Brazil
| | - José G. M. da Costa
- Departamento de Quimica Biologica, Laboratorio de Pesquisa de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Regional do Cariri, 63105-100, Crato, Brazil
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Drishya G, Nambiar J, Shaji SK, Vanuopadath M, Achuthan A, Kumar A, Alias A, Sherif A, Joseph C, Divya P, Kumar DS, Bose C, Nair SV, Sudarslal S, Kumar GB, Lakshmi S, Nair BG. RECK and TIMP-2 mediate inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by Annona muricata. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Najmuddin SUFS, Amin ZM, Tan SW, Yeap SK, Kalyanasundram J, Ani MAC, Veerakumarasivam A, Chan SC, Chia SL, Yusoff K, Alitheen NB. Cytotoxicity study of the interleukin-12-expressing recombinant Newcastle disease virus strain, rAF-IL12, towards CT26 colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:278. [PMID: 32612457 PMCID: PMC7325054 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01372-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oncolytic viruses have emerged as an alternative therapeutic modality for cancer as they can replicate specifically in tumour cells and induce toxic effects leading to apoptosis. Despite the great potentials and promising results shown in multiple studies, it appears that their efficacy is still moderate and deemed as not sufficient in clinical studies. In addressing this issue, genetic/molecular engineering approach has paved its way to improve the therapeutic efficacy as observed in the case of herpes simplex virus (HSV) expressing granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). This study aimed to explore the cytotoxicity effects of recombinant NDV strain AF2240-i expressing interleukin-12 (rAF-IL12) against CT26 colon cancer cells. Methods The cytotoxicity effect of rAF-IL12 against CT26 colon cancer cell line was determined by MTT assay. Based on the IC50 value from the anti-proliferative assay, further downward assays such as Annexin V FITC and cell cycle progression were carried out and measured by flow cytometry. Then, the in vivo study was conducted where the rAF-IL12 viral injections were given at the intra-tumoral site of the CT26 tumour-burden mice. At the end of the experiment, serum biochemical, T cell immunophenotyping, serum cytokine, histopathology of tumour and organ section, TUNEL assay, and Nanostring gene expression analysis were performed. Results The rAF-IL12 induced apoptosis of CT26 colon cancer cells in vitro as revealed in the Annexin V FITC analysis and also arrested the cancer cells progression at G1 phase of the cell cycle analysis. On the other hand, the rAF-IL12 significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the growth of CT26 tumour in Balb/c mice and had regulated the immune system by increasing the level of CD4 + , CD8 + , IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ. Furthermore, the expression level of apoptosis-related genes (bax and p53) was up-regulated as a result of the rAF-IL12 treatment. Additionally, the rAF-IL12 had also down-regulated the expression level of KRAS, BRAF, MAPK1, Notch1, CCL2, and VEGF oncogenes. Besides, rAF-IL12 intra-tumoral delivery was considered safe and not hazardous to the host as evidenced in pathophysiology of the normal tissues and organs of the mice as well as from the serum biochemistry profile of liver and kidney. Conclusions These results indicated that rAF-IL12 had better anti-tumoral and cytotoxicity effects compared to its parental wild-type, AF2240-i in combatting the CT26 colon cancer model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahiah Mohamed Amin
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia
| | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Jeevanathan Kalyanasundram
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Alhapis Che Ani
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia
| | | | - Soon Choy Chan
- School of Foundation Studies, Perdana University, Block B and D1, MAEPS Building, MARDI Complex, Jalan MAEPS Perdana, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Suet Lin Chia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia.,Malaysian Genome Institute, National Institute of Biotechnology, Kajang, Jalan Bangi, 43000 Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia
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Graviola leaves extract enhances the anticancer effect of cisplatin on various cancer cell lines. Mol Cell Toxicol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-020-00092-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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El Tawiil GA, Noaman EA, Askar MA, El Fatih NM, Mohamed HE. Anticancer and Apoptogenic Effect of Graviola and Low-Dose Radiation in Tumor Xenograft in Mice. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1534735419900930. [PMID: 32493124 PMCID: PMC7273578 DOI: 10.1177/1534735419900930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Annona muricata (graviola) has been claimed for its potential against various diseases including cancer. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of graviola extract on Ehrlich solid tumor (EST) mice along with or without a low dose of γ radiation (LDR). Methods: Mice were treated with graviola 50 mg/kg body weight orally for 30 days after EST induction and exposed to γ-ray (2 Gy/week for 3 weeks). Cell cycle, CD44, TGF-β, Bcl-2, and annexin V were determined in tumor tissue. Results: The result obtained showed a significant decrease (P < .05) of tumor size in 28 graviola-treated EST-bearing mice group (EG) or graviola-treated and irradiated EST-30-bearing mice (EGR) groups versus the EST group. The large number of cells in the sub-G0/G1 population and low cell number at S and M phases signify tumor cell apoptosis and inhibition of cell division in EG or EGR groups. Additionally, significant increases in the expression of CD44 and TGF-β were recorded in EST mice as compared with EG or EGR mice. Furthermore, EST mice exhibited a decrease in the apoptotic marker annexin v and increase in antiapoptotic Bcl-2 compared with EG and EGR mice. Conclusion: It could be suggested that graviola exerts its antitumor effect throughout the regulation of the tumor cell cycle as well as inducing apoptotic signals. The combined treatment of graviola and LDR augments their effect on tumor proliferation.
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Medicinal Plants Used in Traditional Management of Cancer in Uganda: A Review of Ethnobotanical Surveys, Phytochemistry, and Anticancer Studies. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3529081. [PMID: 32256639 PMCID: PMC7102457 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3529081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The burden of neoplastic diseases is a significant global health challenge accounting for thousands of deaths. In Uganda, about 32,617 cancer cases were reported in 2018, accompanied by 21,829 deaths. In a view to identify some potential anticancer plant candidates for possible drug development, the current study was designed to compile the inventory of plants with reported anticancer activity used in rural Uganda and the evidences supporting their use in cancer therapy. An electronic survey in multidisciplinary databases revealed that 29 plant species belonging to 28 genera distributed among 24 families have been reported to be used in the management of cancer in Uganda. Anticancer plants were majorly from the families Bignoniaceae (7%), Caricaceae (7%), Fabaceae (7%), Moraceae (7%), and Rutaceae (7%). Most species occur in the wild (52%), though some are cultivated (48%). The growth habit of the plants is as trees (55%) or herbs (45%). Anticancer extracts are usually prepared from leaves (29%), bark (24%), roots (21%), and fruits (13%) through decoctions (53%), as food spices (23%) or pounded to produce ointments that are applied topically (10%). Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman, Opuntia species, Albizia coriaria (Welw. ex Oliver), Daucus carota L., Cyperus alatus (Nees) F. Muell., Markhamia lutea (Benth.) K. Schum., and Oxalis corniculata L. were the most frequently encountered species. As per global reports, Allium sativum L., Annona muricata L., Carica papaya L., Moringa oleifera Lam., Opuntia species, Prunus africana (Hook.f.) Kalkman, and Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. are the most studied species, with the latter having vincristine and vinblastine anticancer drugs developed from it. Prostate, cervical, breast, and skin cancers are the top traditionally treated malignancies. There is a need to isolate and evaluate the anticancer potential of the bioactive compounds in the unstudied claimed plants, such as Cyperus alatus (Nees) F. Muell., Ficus dawei Hutch., Ficus natalensis Hochst., and Lovoa trichilioides Harms, and elucidate their mechanism of anticancer activity.
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Ammoury C, Younes M, El Khoury M, Hodroj MH, Haykal T, Nasr P, Sily M, Taleb RI, Sarkis R, Khalife R, Rizk S. The pro-apoptotic effect of a Terpene-rich Annona cherimola leaf extract on leukemic cell lines. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:365. [PMID: 31830975 PMCID: PMC6909458 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The edible fruit Annona cherimola has previously shown many nutritional and medicinal properties. The current study evaluates the anti-cancer and anti-proliferative properties of Annona cherimola ethanolic leaf extract (AELE) on Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) cell lines cultured in vitro (Monomac-1 and KG-1). METHODS The anti-proliferative effect of A. cherimola ethanolic leaf extract was evaluated via cell viability assay. Its pro-apoptotic effect was assessed through Cell Death ELISA and dual Annexin V/PI staining. To further investigate the molecular mechanism by which the extract promoted apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of the AML cells used, apoptotic protein expression was determined through western blots. Extract composition was elucidated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS Our results showed that the treatment with A. cherimola ethanolic leaf extract exhibited an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of both cancer cell lines used in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with no toxic effects on normal mononuclear cells (MNCs) isolated from human bone marrow. This effect was mediated by DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, as revealed by Cell Death ELISA and dual Annexin V/PI staining. Western blot analysis revealed a Bax/Bcl2 dependent mechanism of apoptosis, as well as PARP cleavage, confirming the apoptotic results observed previously. These effects may be attributed to the presence of terpenes which constitute a large component of the leafy extract, as revealed via GC-MS. CONCLUSION All the data presented in our study show that the terpene-rich A. cherimola ethanolic leaf extract exhibits an anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect on the AML cell lines used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Ammoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Maria Younes
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Marianne El Khoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad H. Hodroj
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Tony Haykal
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Peter Nasr
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Marilyne Sily
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Robin I. Taleb
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Rita Sarkis
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Regenerative Hematopoiesis, Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC) & Institute of Bioengineering (IBI), School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rana Khalife
- Biochemical Engineering Department, UCL, London, UK
| | - Sandra Rizk
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
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Nik Abd Rahman NMA, Nurliyana MY, Afiqah MNFNN, Osman MA, Hamid M, Lila MAM. Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4 T1 tumor-bearing mice. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:340. [PMID: 31783838 PMCID: PMC6884788 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (C. nutans) is a species of in Acanthaceae family and primarily used in South East Asian countries. C. nutans is well known as Sabah snake grass in Malaysia, and its leaves have diverse medicinal potential in conventional applications, including cancer treatments. On the basis of literature search, there is less conclusive evidence of the involvement of phytochemical constituents in breast cancer, in particular, animal tumor models. The current study aimed to determine the antitumor and antioxidant activities of C. nutans extract in 4 T1 tumor-bearing mice. Methods C. nutans leaves were subjected to methanol extraction and divided into two different concentrations, 200 mg/kg (low-dose) and 1000 mg/kg (high-dose). The antitumor effects of C. nutans extracts were assessed using bone marrow smearing, clonogenic, and splenocyte immunotype analyses. In addition, hematoxylin and eosin, tumor weight and tumor volume profiles also used to indicate apoptosis appearance. Serum cytokine levels were examined using ELISA assay. In addition, nitric oxide assay reflecting antioxidant activity was performed. Results From the results obtained, the methanol extract of C. nutans leaves at 200 mg/kg (P < 0.05) and 1000 mg/kg (P < 0.05) showed a significant decrease in nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the blood. On the other hand, C. nutans extract (1000 mg/kg) also showed a significant decrease in the number of mitotic cells, tumor weight, and tumor volume. No inflammatory and adverse reactions related to splenocytes activities were found in all treated groups of mice. Despite its promising results, the concentration of both C. nutans extracts have also reduced the number of colonies formed in the liver and lungs. Conclusion In conclusion, C. nutans extracts exert antitumor and antioxidant activities against 4 T1 mouse breast model with no adverse effect and inflammatory response at high dose of 1000 mg/kg, indicating an effective and complementary approach for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Md Roduan MR, Abd Hamid R, Mohtarrudin N. Modulation of cancer signalling pathway(s) in two -stage mouse skin tumorigenesis by annonacin. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:238. [PMID: 31481122 PMCID: PMC6724370 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Annonacin, an annonaceous acetogenin isolated from Annona muricata has been reported to be strongly cytotoxic against various cell lines, in vitro. Nevertheless, its effect against in vivo tumor promoting activity has not been reported yet. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate antitumor-promoting activity of annonacin via in vivo two-stage mouse skin tumorigenesis model and its molecular pathways involved. Methods Mice were initiated with single dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[α]anthracene (DMBA) (390 nmol/100 μL) followed by, in subsequent week, repeated promotion (twice weekly; 22 weeks) with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) (1.7 nmol/100 μL). Annonacin (85 nM) and curcumin (10 mg/kg; reference) were, respectively, applied topically to DMBA/TPA-induced mice 30 min before each TPA application for 22 weeks. Upon termination, histopathological examination of skin, liver and kidney as well as genes and proteins expression analysis were conducted to elucidate the potential mechanism of annonacin. Results With comparison to the carcinogen control, Annonacin significantly increased the tumor latency period and reduced the tumor incidence, tumor burden and tumor volume, respectively. In addition, it also suppressed tumorigenesis manifested by significant reduction of hyperkeratosis, dermal papillae and number of keratin pearls on skin tissues. Annonacin also appeared to be non-toxic to liver and kidney. Significant modulation of both AKT, ERK, mTOR, p38, PTEN and Src genes and proteins were also observed in annonacin-targeted signaling pathway(s) against tumorigenesis. Conclusions Collectively, results of this study indicate that annonacin is a potential therapeutic compound targeting tumor promoting stage in skin tumorigenesis by modulating multiple gene and protein in cancer signaling pathways without apparent toxicity. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2650-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Medicinal plants used in management of cancer and other related diseases in Woleu-Ntem province, Gabon. Eur J Integr Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Nugraha AS, Haritakun R, Lambert JM, Dillon CT, Keller PA. Alkaloids from the root of Indonesian Annona muricata L. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:481-489. [PMID: 31282747 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1638380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Annona muricata L. has been used traditionally in Indonesia to treat disease. Phytochemical studies on the alkaloid fractions from the root of Annona muricata L. from Malang-Indonesia resulted in the isolation of an unreported benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (+)-xylopine 5 as well as four known alkaloids (1-4). The crude methanol extract and alkaloid fractions were tested against Plasmodium falciparum K1 and against bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter buamanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) with insignificant activities (MIC > 32 µg/mL). Individual alkaloids were tested against a human suspension cancer cell line (HL-60 leukemia cells) and two human fibroblastic cancer cell lines (A549 lung cancer cells and HepG2 liver cancer cells) in which compound 5 was the most toxic alkaloid with IC50 values ranging from 20 to 80 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari S Nugraha
- Drug Utilisation and Discovery Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember, Jember, Indonesia.,School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, and Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachada Haritakun
- National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Jacob M Lambert
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, and Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Carolyn T Dillon
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, and Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul A Keller
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons, University of Wollongong, and Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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