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Elmaghraby DA, Alsalman GA, Alawadh LH, Al-Abdulqader SA, Alaithan MM, Alnuwaysir BI. Integrated traditional herbal medicine in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorder: the pattern of use and the knowledge of safety among the Eastern Region Saudi population. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:373. [PMID: 37872543 PMCID: PMC10591345 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal medicine is commonly integrated with conventional medicine in Saudi Arabia, especially for the management of digestive disorders. However, the majority of Saudis use herbal remedies without prior consultation with a physician, which raises concerns about their appropriate and safe use. The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness among the Saudi population regarding the proper utilization and potential adverse effects of frequently used herbs for the treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Saudi Arabia from January to March 2021. An electronic self-administered questionnaire was distributed. RESULTS A total of 543 participants from different age groups, educational levels, and cities across Saudi Arabia completed the study questionnaire. The most commonly used herbs at home by the participants were: myrrh, parsley, black seed, chamomile, mint, anise, clove, and green tea. 57.7% of the participants perceived herbs as safer than conventional medicines; 27.3% reported that using herbal remedies over conventional medicine was a family tradition, and 21.4% used herbs because they were cheaper than conventional medicines. CONCLUSION Herbal remedies, including myrrh, parsley, blackseed, chamomile, mint, and anise, are commonly employed for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in Saudi Arabia. However, the knowledge level of participants regarding potential side effects and drug-herb interactions was found to be deficient. As such, there is a pressing need for educational campaigns and community awareness programs to elucidate the proper usage of herbal remedies and to caution against their potential adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ahmed Elmaghraby
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ghufran Adnan Alsalman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla Hassan Alawadh
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Abdulaziz Al-Abdulqader
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Mohammed Alaithan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan Ibrahim Alnuwaysir
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Barnes LAJ, Rolfe MI, Barclay L, McCaffery K, Aslani P. Women's reasons for taking complementary medicine products in pregnancy and lactation: Results from a national Australian survey. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2022; 49:101673. [PMID: 36332327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and purpose: Pregnant and breastfeeding women commonly use complementary medicine products (CMPs), including dietary supplements and herbal medicines. This study investigated women's reasons for use. MATERIALS AND METHODS A national, cross-sectional, online survey conducted between July-September 2019 investigated reasons for CMP use during pregnancy and lactation. Australian women who were currently pregnant and/or breastfeeding participated. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-square and principal component analyses. RESULTS Of the 810 women surveyed (n = 354 pregnant; n = 456 breastfeeding), most reported prior CMP use and felt that CMPs had been beneficial to maintaining and optimising their own and their children's health. However, when ill, they preferred medicines prescribed by doctors or pharmacists. Perceived benefits to their unborn or breastfeeding babies' health and their own health (both cohorts), the health of their pregnancy (pregnant participants), and benefits to the breastfeeding process and breastmilk supply (breastfeeding participants) were important reasons for women's CMP use. CONCLUSION Women's reasons for CMP use centred on perceived benefits to their own health and the health of their babies. Women's prior positive experiences with CMP use, combined with preferences for pharmaceutical use when ill, indicates their use of CMPs can be considered complementary, rather than alternative, to biomedical health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Ariadne Justine Barnes
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy & Bank Building (A15), Science Road, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; University Centre for Rural Health, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 61 Uralba Street, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia.
| | - Margaret I Rolfe
- University Centre for Rural Health, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 61 Uralba Street, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia; The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Edward Ford Building (A27), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Lesley Barclay
- University Centre for Rural Health, The University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, 61 Uralba Street, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia; The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Edward Ford Building (A27), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Kirsten McCaffery
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Edward Ford Building (A27), Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Parisa Aslani
- The University of Sydney School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy & Bank Building (A15), Science Road, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Millinga VP, Im HB, Hwang JH, Choi SJ, Han D. Use of Herbal Medicines Among Breastfeeding Mothers in Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:751129. [PMID: 35571105 PMCID: PMC9096166 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.751129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There are limited data on the use of herbal medicines (HM) among breastfeeding mothers, despite the fact that knowledge of the possible benefits or harms of HM use has a direct relationship with the health of infants, especially in resource-limited countries. The study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with HM use among breastfeeding mothers in Tanzania. Methods: The study followed a cross-sectional design using a structured survey questionnaire. Survey participants were recruited from the reproductive and child health clinic at Uhuru health center in Morogoro, Tanzania. The survey instrument comprised of 34 questions, including demographic information, the pattern of HM use during breastfeeding, and women's perceptions of HM. Chi-square test and logistic regression were used for data analysis using SPSS ver. 24.0. Results: The majority of the respondents (53.8%) used HM during breastfeeding. The most commonly used HM was black pepper (Piper nigrum L.; 80.0%), followed by pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.; 18.0%). About one-third (27.5%) of HM users discussed their use with their healthcare providers. In addition, higher education levels and low breastmilk supply were identified as potential predictors of HM use. Conclusion: The practice of HM use among breastfeeding mothers in Tanzania is popular to ease breastfeeding difficulties. However, the issue of the safety or effectiveness of HM is still an unknown agenda. This awakens the need to evaluate HM's safety, efficacy, and quality through pharmacological studies for scientific evidence. Lastly, a clinical guideline should be developed in healthcare settings to promote open dialogues between the healthcare providers and mothers to ensure the safe use of HM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyea Bin Im
- Department of Global Health and Development, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Management, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hye Hwang
- Department of Global Health and Development, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Management, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Jeung Choi
- Department of Global Health and Development, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Management, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongwoon Han
- Department of Global Health and Development, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Management, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Molavi Vardanjani H, Salehi Z, Alembizar F, Cramer H, Pasalar M. Prevalence and the Determinants of Traditional, Complementary, and Integrative Medicine Use Among Breastfeeding Mothers: A Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:67-76. [PMID: 35085020 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Breastfeeding is highly important for a child's health, and the widespread use of herbal medicines as galactagogues has been reported. The present study was conducted to evaluate the use of traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCIM) and its determinants among breastfeeding mothers in Shiraz, Iran. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting/Location: Neonatal clinics affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Subjects: Mothers elder than 18 years old. Interventions: Nothing. Outcome Measures: Prevalence and of the use of TCIM products and its associated factors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, mothers older than 18 years who referred to neonatal clinics affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Using a structured interview, the authors explored the prevalence and of the use of TCIM products and its associated factors. Results: Of 625 mothers who were approached, 483 agreed to participate (response rate: 77.3%). The average age was 27.3 ± 5.9 years. The prevalence of using TCIM products during current breastfeeding was 97.1%. There were 168 working mothers (44.9%); 163 mothers (34.1%) complaining of postpartum breastfeeding problems, and 327 mothers (68%) had no history of breastfeeding. Recommendations of medical staff or relatives were the most frequent reasons for the consumption of TCIM products (64.9%). Only 27% of mothers disclosed the use of TCIM products to their doctor or health care provider, although 62% of mothers were asked about the use of such products. Notably, 438 mothers (95.8%) considered TCIM to increase their milk. Based on multivariable logistic regression, literacy and past use of TCIM galactagogues were independently associated with TCIM products use. Conclusions: The use of TCIM galactagogues is highly common among breastfeeding mothers in south of Iran, showing a diverse range of determinants. It is necessary to evaluate the safety and efficacy of common herbal galactagogues, and evidence-based studies must be designed to achieve standardized complementary medicine approaches in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Molavi Vardanjani
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Salehi
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Faranak Alembizar
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Holger Cramer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Essence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Plant Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Anti-Inflammatory and Antibacterial Potential of Qicao Rukang Powder in Bovine Subclinical Mastitis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:2148186. [PMID: 34484387 PMCID: PMC8416365 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2148186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Subclinical mastitis is one of the most common reproductive diseases in dairy cows. Qicao Rukang powder is a Chinese herbal compound mixture developed to treat subclinical mastitis in dairy cows by clearing heat, tonifying qi, and improving blood and milk circulation. The study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial efficacy of Qicao Rukang powder in treating subclinical mastitis in dairy cows at the manufacturer's recommended dose. Methods Forty (40) Holstein dairy cows with milk somatic cell count (SCC) ≥ 500,000 cellml−1 were randomly assigned to treatment (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. Cows in the treatment group were administered with 150 grams of Qicao Rukang powder orally for five days, while the control group received no treatment. The authors analyzed the milk SCC, milk composition, bacteriological cure rate of the drug, blood serum levels of interleukins (IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-8), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (INF-γ) quantified by using ELISA kits on day 0 and day 6. Results SCC of the treated group reduced very significantly (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. Milk fat, protein, and total solids increased significantly (P < 0.05) after treatment, whereas lactose and milk urea nitrogen levels showed a nonsubstantial rise. The bacteriological cure percentage of Qicao Rukang powder therapy was 77.8% for Aeromonas spp. (14 of 18), 75% for Pseudomonas spp. (6 of 8), and 100% for Acinetobacter spp. and Enterococcus spp. giving 81.8% cured for all isolates (27 of 33). Only 26.7% (8 of 30) of untreated cows recovered spontaneously. Analysis of IL-1β, IL-6, and INF-γ in the blood serum of the treated group revealed a significant decrease (P < 0.01) with nonsignificant rises in TNF-α and IL-8 levels. Conclusions This research demonstrates that Qicao Rukang powder has potent antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions, supporting its use as an alternative to conventional treatment for subclinical dairy cow mastitis. However, further investigations will be required to explain the role of the active ingredients and the mechanisms involved in the pharmacological activities of the Qicao Rukang powder.
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Tian M, Huang Y, Wang X, Cao M, Zhao Z, Chen T, Yuan C, Wang N, Zhang B, Li C, Zhou X. Vaccaria segetalis: A Review of Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Toxicological Findings. Front Chem 2021; 9:666280. [PMID: 33996757 PMCID: PMC8117358 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.666280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccaria segetalis is a dry mature seed of Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert, which belongs to the genus V. segetalis (Neck.) Garcke. There are multiple medicinal parts of V. segetalis, according to the records, including roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds, which should be used together. Currently, V. segetalis is most frequently used in the treatment of menstruation, dysmenorrhea, breast milk stoppages, and chylorrhea. Numerous studies present historical evidence of the use of V. segetalis to treat several diseases and describe its beneficial effects including prolactin- (PRL-) like, estrogen-like, antitumor, antiangiogenesis, and antioxidant activity. We summarized the period from January 1980 to December 2019 regarding V. segetalis. This review paper indicates that V. segetalis has promising clinical applications. The main active ingredients of the plant have been elucidated in recent years. We summarized the previously and newly discovered pharmacological effects of V. segetalis in addition to its active ingredients, ethnopharmacological uses, and toxicological properties, and provided a focus for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuwen Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Maosheng Cao
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zijiao Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tong Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenfeng Yuan
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Boqi Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Chao J, Ko CY, Lin CY, Tomoji M, Huang CH, Chiang HC, Yang JJ, Huang SS, Su SY. Ethnobotanical Survey of Natural Galactagogues Prescribed in Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacies in Taiwan. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:625869. [PMID: 33679390 PMCID: PMC7928277 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.625869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural medicinal materials have been used to promote breast milk secretion. Here, we investigated the natural medicinal materials prescribed in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmacies across Taiwan to induce lactation. We collected medicinal materials from 87 TCM pharmacies, identified them in the prescriptions, and analyzed their drug contents. We examined their botanical origins, biological classifications, traditional usage, and modern pharmacological properties. We used the TCM Inheritance Support System to identify core medicinal materials in galactogenous prescriptions. We collected 81 medicinal materials from 90 galactogenous prescriptions. Leguminosae accounted for 12%, whereas Apiaceae accounted for 7% of all materials examined. The primary medicinal plant parts used were roots and seeds. Nineteen frequently used medicinal materials had a relative frequency of citation of greater than or equal to 0.2. According to their efficacy, 58% were warm, 54% were sweet, and 63% were tonifying; 74% of the frequently used medicinal materials have been showed efficacy against breast cancer. The primary core medicinal material was Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, whereas the secondary core medicinal materials were Tetrapanax papyrifer (Hook.) K. Koch and Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz. Most galactogenous prescriptions consisted of multiple materials from Leguminosae and Apiaceae. The mechanisms underlying galactogenous efficacy warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Chao
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Ko
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Maeda Tomoji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan.,Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Hung-Che Chiang
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Jer Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Yu Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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