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Moulana MS, Haiaty S, Bazmani A, Shabkhizan R, Moslehian MS, Sadeghsoltani F, Mostafazadeh M, Asadi MR, Talebi M, Jafari Z, Morovati MR, Farzaei MH, Rahbarghazi R. Tumoricidal properties of thymoquinone on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells via the modulation of autophagy. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:132. [PMID: 38532470 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04432-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is deadly anaplastic changes in the gastrointestinal tract with high-rate mortality. In recent years, the application of phytocompounds has been extended along with different therapeutic protocols. Here, we monitored the effects of Thymoquinone (TQ) on autophagy via mitochondrial function after modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells were treated with TQ (60 µM) and 15 µM Wnt3a inhibitor (LGK974) for 48 h. The survival rate was evaluated using an MTT assay. The expression of Wnt-related factors (c-Myc, and Axin), angiogenesis (VE-Cadherin), and mitophagy-related factors (PINK1, OPTN) was assessed using real-time PCR assay. Protein levels of autophagy factors (Beclin-1, LC3, and P62) were monitored using western blotting. Using flow cytometry analysis, the intracellular accumulation of Rhodamine 123 was evaluated. The migration properties were analyzed using a scratch wound healing assay.Data indicated that TQ can reduce the viability of HT-29 cells compared to the control cells (p < 0.05). The expression of VE-Cadherin was inhibited while the expression of PINK1 was induced in treated cells (p < 0.05). Both LGK974 and TQ-treated cells exhibited activation of autophagy flux (Beclin-1↑, LC3II/I↑, and p62↓) compared to the control group (p < 0.05). TQ can increase intracellular accumulation of Rhodamine 123, indicating the inhibition of efflux mechanisms in cancer cells. Along with these changes, the migration of cells was also reduced (p < 0.05).TQ is a potential phytocompound to alter the dynamic growth of human colorectal HT-29 cells via the modulation of autophagy, and mitophagy-related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleh Moulana
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sanya Haiaty
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Bazmani
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Shabkhizan
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Sadat Moslehian
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghsoltani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Mostafazadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Asadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Talebi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Jafari
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Morovati
- Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Padathpeedika Khalid J, Mary Martin T, Prathap L, Abhimanyu Nisargandha M, Boopathy N, Kishore Kumar MS. Exploring Tumor-Promoting Qualities of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Innovative Drug Discovery Strategies With Emphasis on Thymoquinone. Cureus 2024; 16:e53949. [PMID: 38468988 PMCID: PMC10925941 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor epithelial development and chemoresistance are highly promoted by the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is mostly made up of the cancer stroma. This is due to several causes. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) stand out among them as being essential for the promotion of tumors. Understanding the fibroblastic population within a single tumor is made more challenging by the undeniable heterogeneity within it, even though particular stromal alterations are still up for debate. Numerous chemical signals released by tumors improve the connections between heterotypic fibroblasts and CAFs, promoting the spread of cancer. It becomes essential to have a thorough understanding of this complex microenvironment to effectively prevent solid tumor growth. Important new insights into the role of CAFs in the TME have been revealed by recent studies. The objective of this review is to carefully investigate the relationship between CAFs in tumors and plant secondary metabolites, with a focus on thymoquinone (TQ). The literature published between 2010 and 2023 was searched in PubMed and Google Scholar with keywords such as TQ, TME, cancer-associated fibroblasts, mechanism of action, and flavonoids. The results showed a wealth of data substantiating the activity of plant secondary metabolites, particularly TQ's involvement in blocking CAF operations. Scrutinized research also clarified the wider effect of flavonoids on pathways related to cancer. The present study highlights the complex dynamics of the TME and emphasizes the critical role of CAFs. It also examines the possible interventions provided by secondary metabolites found in plants, with TQ playing a vital role in regulating CAF function based on recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jabir Padathpeedika Khalid
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Taniya Mary Martin
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Lavanya Prathap
- Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Milind Abhimanyu Nisargandha
- Department of Physiology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Nisha Boopathy
- Department of Community Medicine, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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3
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Liu T, Chen X, Li W, Zhang X, Wang G, Wang J, Liang L, Yang F, Li J, Li J. Oxidative stress as a key event in 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115357. [PMID: 37598546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCBQ) has been identified as an emerging disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water and has the potential to induce neurodevelopmental toxicity. However, there is rarely a comprehensive toxicological evaluation of the neurodevelopmental toxicity of DCBQ. Here, neural differentiating SH-SY5Y cells were used as an in vitro model. Our results have found that DCBQ has decreased cell viability and neural differentiation, generated higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased the percentage of apoptosis and lowered the level of mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting the neurodevelopmental toxicity of DCBQ. In addition, antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) could significantly attenuate these DCBQ-induced neurotoxic effects, supporting our hypothesis that the neurodevelopmental toxicity may be related with oxidative stress induced by DCBQ. We further demonstrated that DCBQ-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity could promote the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and inhibit the prosurvival PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway through inducing ROS, which ultimately inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in neural differentiating SH-SY5Y cells. These findings have provided novel insights into the risk of neurodevelopmental toxic effects associated with DCBQ exposure, emphasizing the importance of assessing the potential neurodevelopmental toxicity of DBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Wanling Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; Changchun Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Gaihua Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Lanqian Liang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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Zhang Y, Liu X, Dang W, Liu L. Thymoquinone inhibits lung cancer stem cell properties via triggering YAP degradation. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:426-435. [PMID: 37105709 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the characteristics of high recurrence and metastasis, it is still difficult to cure lung cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a group of tumor cells with self-renewal ability and differentiation potential, which are responsible for lung cancer recurrence. Therefore, targeting CSCs may provide a new strategy for lung cancer treatment. Thymoquinone (TQ), the main active ingredient isolated from black seed oil, has shown significant anti-cancer effects in various cancers. However, the effect of TQ on lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) has never been clarified. In the present study, we successfully separated and enriched lung cancer tumorsphere cells. Our data showed that TQ significantly inhibited the stem-like properties of LCSCs. In addition, we found TQ promoted Yes-associated protein (YAP) phosphorylation and ubiquitination, and the inhibitory effects of TQ on LCSCs could be enhanced by silencing YAP. Taken together, these results suggest that TQ, functions by targeting YAP, may be a potential therapeutic agent against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xizhi Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenhui Dang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Wu J, Zhang L, Li W, Wang L, Jia Q, Shi F, Li K, Liao L, Shi Y, Wu S. The role of TOP2A in immunotherapy and vasculogenic mimicry in non-small cell lung cancer and its potential mechanism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10906. [PMID: 37407689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38117-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type IIA topoisomerase (TOP2A) is significantly associated with malignant tumor development, invasion, treatment and its prognosis, and has been shown to be a therapeutic target against cancer. In contrast, the role of TOP2A in the immunotherapy of non-small cell lung cancer as well as in Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation and its potential mechanisms are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TOP2A in proliferation, skeleton regulation, motility and VM production in non-small cell lung cancer and its mechanisms by using bioinformatics tools and molecular biology experiments. Subgroup analysis showed that the low-risk group had a better prognosis, while the high-risk group was positively correlated with high tumor mutational load, M1-type macrophage infiltration, immune checkpoint molecule expression, and immunotherapy efficacy. As confirmed by further clinical specimens, the presence of TOP2A and VM was significantly and positively correlated with poor prognosis. Our study established a model based on significant co-expression of TOP2A genes, which significantly correlated with mutational load and immunotherapy outcomes in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Further mechanistic exploration suggests that TOP2A plays an important role in immunotherapy and VM formation in NSCLC through upregulation of Wnt3a and PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatao Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, Anhui, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233080, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Clinical and Preclinical Research in Respiratory Disease, Molecular Diagnosis Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, 233004, Anhui, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianhao Jia
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kairui Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, China
| | - Yuqi Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, Anhui, China.
- Department of pathology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Bengbu, China.
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6
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Yue M, Guo T, Nie DY, Zhu YX, Lin M. Advances of nanotechnology applied to cancer stem cells. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:514-529. [PMID: 37424953 PMCID: PMC10324502 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i6.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small proportion of the cells that exist in cancer tissues. They are considered to be the culprit of tumor genesis, development, drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence because of their self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation potential. The elimination of CSCs is thus the key to cure cancer, and targeting CSCs provides a new method for tumor treatment. Due to the advantages of controlled sustained release, targeting and high biocompatibility, a variety of nanomaterials are used in the diagnosis and treatments targeting CSCs and promote the recognition and removal of tumor cells and CSCs. This article mainly reviews the research progress of nanotechnology in sorting CSCs and nanodrug delivery systems targeting CSCs. Furthermore, we identify the problems and future research directions of nanotechnology in CSC therapy. We hope that this review will provide guidance for the design of nanotechnology as a drug carrier so that it can be used in clinic for cancer therapy as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yue
- Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Deng-Yun Nie
- Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yin-Xing Zhu
- Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mei Lin
- Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu Province, China
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AlSheddi M, Rahman I, Mohammed A, Algazlan A, Alwably A, Hebbal M, Omar M. Nigella sativa oil as a treatment for gingivitis: A randomized active–control trial. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/1995-7645.372290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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8
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Haiaty S, Rashidi MR, Akbarzadeh M, Bazmany A, Mostafazadeh M, Nikanfar S, Shabkhizan R, Rezaeian R, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M. Vandetanib alters the tumoricidal capacity of human breast cancer stem cells via inhibiting vasculogenic capacity. BIOIMPACTS : BI 2022; 13:405-413. [PMID: 37736340 PMCID: PMC10509738 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2022.24208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The inhibition of vascularization into tumor stroma as well as dynamic cell growth is the center of attention. Here, we aimed to examine the role of vandetanib on angiogenesis capacity of breast cancer stem cell (CSCs). Methods MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed to different doses of vandetanib and survival rate was monitored. Stimulatory effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) were evaluated in vandetanib-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. In vitro tubulogenesis capacity was studied on the Matrigel surface. The synergistic effects of vandetanib on cell survival were also assessed after PI3K and/or Wnt3a inhibition. Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), -9, Wnt3a, and p-Akt/Akt ratio were measured using western blotting. Results Vandetanib reduced survival rate in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). Proliferative effects associated with VEGF, FGF, and EGF were blunted in these cells pre-exposed to vandetanib (P<0.05). The microcirculation pattern's triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) was suppressed by 1, 5 µM of vandetanib (P<0.05). Hence 1, 5 µM of vandetanib potentially decreased the population of CD24- cells. 1 and 5 µM of vandetanib inhibited cell proliferation by blocking PI3K and Wnt3a pathways and decreased the p-Akt/Akt ratio, Wnta3 protein levels (P<0.05). 1 and 5 µM vandetanib combined with PI3K inhibitor diminished metastatic markers including, MMP-2, and MMP-9. The concurrent treatment (PI3K, inhibitor+ 1, 5 µM vandetanib) also considerably reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers such as VE-cadherin (P<0.05). Conclusion Vandetanib suppressed vasculogenic mimicry (VM) networking through blunting stemness properties, coincided with suppression of VE-cadherin in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Haiaty
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Rashidi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ahad Bazmany
- Research Center of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Mostafazadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Nikanfar
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Shabkhizan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rostam Rezaeian
- Research Center of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Departmnt of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Mostafazadeh M, Kahroba H, Haiaty S, TazeKand AP, Samadi N, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M. In vitro exosomal transfer of Nrf2 led to the oxaliplatin resistance in human colorectal cancer LS174T cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2022; 40:391-402. [PMID: 35474580 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is a serious pitfall in the treatment of colon cancers (CCs). Previous studies have found that exosomes (Exo) play a pivotal role in tumor drug resistance via the transfer of proteins and genetic materials to the acceptor cells. To date, the mechanisms orchestrating Exo-derived resistance in cancer cells have been the center of attention. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the role of exosomal nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) on oxaliplatin (1-OHP) resistance in human colorectal cancer LS174T cells in vitro. To this end, exosomal-Nrf2-mediated 1-OHP resistance was examined using different assays. Exo was isolated from resistant LS174T cells (LS174T/R) and added to the culture medium of sensitive LS174T cells (LS174T/S). According to our data, LS174T/S cells successfully adsorbed PKH26-Exo driven from LS174T/R cells. Western blotting showed an increased Nrf2 level in Exo isolated from LS174T/R cells compared to LS174T/S cell-derived Exo (p < .05). The incubation of LS174T/S cells with LS174T/R-derived Exo increased half-maximal inhibitory concentration values in response to treatment with 1-OHP (p < .05). Besides this, the apoptotic changes were diminished in LS174T/S cells after incubation with LS174T/R-derived Exo. Of note, the exposure of LS174T/S cells to LS174T/R cell-derived Exo increased the expression of Nrf2 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) compared to the nontreated LS174T/S cells (p < .05). In line with these changes, lower intracellular Rhodamin 123 content was detected in Exo-treated cells compared to the nontreated LS174T/S cells. Exo increased migration and clonogenic capacity of LS174T/S cells after incubation with Exo-derived from resistant cells. Of note, inhibition of Nrf2 with a specific blocker, brusatol, blunted these effects. Taken together, Exo-mediated transfer of Nrf2 is involved in the development of oxaliplatin resistance in CC cells by upregulating P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Mostafazadeh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Houman Kahroba
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastrich, The Netherlands.,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Sanya Haiaty
- Research Center of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas P TazeKand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Research Center of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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10
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Saha T, Lukong KE. Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Drug Resistance: A Review of Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Drug Resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:856974. [PMID: 35392236 PMCID: PMC8979779 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.856974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent type of malignancy in women worldwide, and drug resistance to the available systemic therapies remains a major challenge. At the molecular level, breast cancer is heterogeneous, where the cancer-initiating stem-like cells (bCSCs) comprise a small yet distinct population of cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) that can differentiate into cells of multiple lineages, displaying varying degrees of cellular differentiation, enhanced metastatic potential, invasiveness, and resistance to radio- and chemotherapy. Based on the expression of estrogen and progesterone hormone receptors, expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and/or BRCA mutations, the breast cancer molecular subtypes are identified as TNBC, HER2 enriched, luminal A, and luminal B. Management of breast cancer primarily involves resection of the tumor, followed by radiotherapy, and systemic therapies including endocrine therapies for hormone-responsive breast cancers; HER2-targeted therapy for HER2-enriched breast cancers; chemotherapy and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for TNBC, and the recent development of immunotherapy. However, the complex crosstalk between the malignant cells and stromal cells in the breast TME, rewiring of the many different signaling networks, and bCSC-mediated processes, all contribute to overall drug resistance in breast cancer. However, strategically targeting bCSCs to reverse chemoresistance and increase drug sensitivity is an underexplored stream in breast cancer research. The recent identification of dysregulated miRNAs/ncRNAs/mRNAs signatures in bCSCs and their crosstalk with many cellular signaling pathways has uncovered promising molecular leads to be used as potential therapeutic targets in drug-resistant situations. Moreover, therapies that can induce alternate forms of regulated cell death including ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and immunotherapy; drugs targeting bCSC metabolism; and nanoparticle therapy are the upcoming approaches to target the bCSCs overcome drug resistance. Thus, individualizing treatment strategies will eliminate the minimal residual disease, resulting in better pathological and complete response in drug-resistant scenarios. This review summarizes basic understanding of breast cancer subtypes, concept of bCSCs, molecular basis of drug resistance, dysregulated miRNAs/ncRNAs patterns in bCSCs, and future perspective of developing anticancer therapeutics to address breast cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taniya Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kiven Erique Lukong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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11
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El-Far AH, Saddiq AA, Mohamed SA, Almaghrabi OA, Mousa SA. Curcumin and Thymoquinone Combination Attenuates Breast Cancer Cell Lines' Progression. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221099537. [PMID: 35583244 PMCID: PMC9128062 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221099537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most harmful malignancy in women worldwide. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the combinatory effect of natural bioactive compounds, including curcumin (Cur) and thymoquinone (TQ), on MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines’ progression. We investigated the Fa values and combination index of Cur and TQ in this context. Moreover, cytotoxicity percentages, annexin-V, proliferation, colony formation, and migration assays were used along with cell cycle analysis. In addition, caspase-3, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (AKT) protein levels were determined by ELISA assessment. The results showed that Cur, TQ, and Cur + TQ induced apoptosis with cell cycle arrest and decreased cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration activities. Cur + TQ combination significantly increased caspase-3 and decreased PI3K and AKT protein levels. These results suggest the promising anticancer benefit of the Cur and TQ combination against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shaker A Mousa
- Albany College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY, USA
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12
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Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Prevention and Progression through the Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010079. [PMID: 35010954 PMCID: PMC8746460 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has gained considerable attention in various areas of cancer research due to its role in driving a loss of immune surveillance and enabling rapid advanced tumor development and progression. The TME plays an integral role in driving advanced aggressive breast cancers, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a pivotal mediator for tumor cells to communicate with the surrounding cells via lymphatic and circulatory systems. Furthermore, the TME plays a significant role in all steps and stages of carcinogenesis by promoting and stimulating uncontrolled cell proliferation and protecting tumor cells from the immune system. Various cellular components of the TME work together to drive cancer processes, some of which include tumor-associated adipocytes, fibroblasts, macrophages, and neutrophils which sustain perpetual amplification and release of pro-inflammatory molecules such as cytokines. Thymoquinone (TQ), a natural chemical component from black cumin seed, is widely used traditionally and now in clinical trials for the treatment/prevention of multiple types of cancer, showing a potential to mitigate components of TME at various stages by various pathways. In this review, we focus on the role of TME in TNBC cancer progression and the effect of TQ on the TME, emphasizing their anticipated role in the prevention and treatment of TNBC. It was concluded from this review that the multiple components of the TME serve as a critical part of TNBC tumor promotion and stimulation of uncontrolled cell proliferation. Meanwhile, TQ could be a crucial compound in the prevention and progression of TNBC therapy through the modulation of the TME.
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Haiaty S, Rashidi MR, Akbarzadeh M, Bazmani A, Mostafazadeh M, Nikanfar S, Zibaei Z, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M. Correction to: Thymoquinone inhibited vasculogenic capacity and promoted mesenchymal-epithelial transition of human breast cancer stem cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:266. [PMID: 34696750 PMCID: PMC8543957 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Haiaty
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Rashidi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ahad Bazmani
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Mostafazadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Nikanfar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohre Zibaei
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran. .,Departmnt of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran.
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