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Englund HM, Janssen E, Morgan L, Schroeder G. Unpacking the Paradox: Understanding the Gap Between Perceived and Actual Competence in LGBTQ+ Health Care. Nurse Educ 2024; 49:262-267. [PMID: 38788325 DOI: 10.1097/nne.0000000000001652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Awareness about existing health disparities affecting sexual minorities remains insufficient, and nursing professionals often lack self-awareness about their biases and assumptions concerning lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer/questioning (LGBTQ) individuals. PURPOSE To explore how exposure to the LGBTQ community, during both classroom and clinical experiences, relates to nursing students' confidence in providing culturally congruent care to this group. METHODS This nonexperimental correlational study occurred at a Midwest 4-year public university, involving final-semester baccalaureate nursing students who completed demographic and educational preparation surveys regarding their confidence in providing health care to the LGBTQ population. RESULTS Results indicate that participants with no direct care experience were more confident in their communication skills and culturally congruent patient care for sexual minorities compared to those exposed to sexual minorities in clinical settings. CONCLUSIONS Nursing students' perceptions and experiences in delivering culturally congruent health care to sexual minorities provide an interesting perspective for examining the Dunning-Kruger effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Englund
- Associate Professor of Nursing (Dr Englund), Assistant Professor of Nursing (Drs Janssen and Morgan), Student Nurse (Mr Schroeder), College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin
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Seretlo RJ, Mokgatle MM, Smuts H. Breaking challenges: queer perspectives on solutions to establish inclusive sexual-reproductive healthcare in Gauteng Province, South Africa. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2024; 9:1406265. [PMID: 39165861 PMCID: PMC11334262 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1406265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction In South Africa's diverse population, queer voices emerge as change agents, proposing new and critical solutions to reform sexual and reproductive healthcare services in the pursuit of inclusivity and equality. Our research aimed to explore and describe queer individuals' perceptions and solutions for promoting sexual-reproductive healthcare services and needs (SRHSN) in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Methodology An explorative-descriptive study was performed for this research. A total of 22 queer individuals was recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) within a queer-inclusive non-governmental organization (NGO) clinic in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Semi-structured interviews and an interview guide were utilized to collect data using English. Thematic content analysis was applied using NVivo 14. Results Four main themes and related sub-themes were revealed from the study including the creation of healthcare equity for queer individuals, empowering and supporting healthcare providers (HCPs) to enhance skills, knowledge, and expertise, raising awareness on queer-related issues, and different stakeholders' involvement. Conclusion As we navigate South Africa's complex landscape of SRHSN for queer individuals, the crucial opinions and solutions offered by queer people not only challenge the status quo but also reveal an approach to a better, more equitable, empathetic, and accommodating healthcare system for everyone. Future studies should ensure the inclusiveness of queer individuals with the interest of improving their health not just for research outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raikane James Seretlo
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Tshwane, South Africa
| | | | - Hanlie Smuts
- Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, Tshwane, South Africa
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Brooks RA, Nieto O, Rosenberg-Carlson E, Morales K, Üsküp DK, Santillan M, Inzunza Z. Barriers and Facilitators to Accessing PrEP and Other Sexual Health Services Among Immigrant Latino Men Who Have Sex with Men in Los Angeles County. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2024:10.1007/s10508-024-02928-z. [PMID: 38977534 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-024-02928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
In the United States, immigrant Latino men who have sex with men (ILMSM) are, compared to white MSM, disproportionately burdened by HIV and lack access to highly effective HIV prevention strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Qualitative research centered on exploring barriers that ILMSM experience in accessing PrEP and other sexual services is extremely limited, despite a high prevalence of HIV in this population. In this study, a purposive sample of ILMSM (n = 25) was recruited to participate in a semi-structured in-depth interview to identify the distinct barriers and facilitators ILMSM experience in accessing sexual health services given their complex intersectional identities of being an immigrant, Latino, and a sexual minority man. Using a thematic analysis approach, nine themes were generated from the data representing barriers and facilitators. Barriers included: (1) cost and a lack of health insurance, (2) complexity of PrEP assistance programs; (3) challenges related to the immigrant experience; (4) impact of gay stigma; and (5) communication challenges. Facilitators included: (1) improving affordability and accessibility of PrEP services; (2) receiving services from LGBT- or Latine LGBT-centered clinics; (3) receiving services from medical providers who are gay and/or Latino; and (4) providing targeted community outreach, education, and promotion of PrEP to ILMSM. While many of the barriers illuminated in the study were structural (e.g., cost and lack of health insurance), and not easy to overcome, the findings highlight a range of facilitators that can support access to PrEP and other sexual health services for ILMSM. Considering these findings, we suggest strategies that may enhance access to needed sexual health services among ILMSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Brooks
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10880 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1800, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
- Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Bienestar Human Services, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Omar Nieto
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10880 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1800, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Elena Rosenberg-Carlson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10880 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1800, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
- Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Morales
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dilara K Üsküp
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10880 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1800, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
- Center for HIV Identification, Prevention, and Treatment Services, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- UCLA-CDU Center for AIDS Research, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martin Santillan
- Department of Research and Evaluation, Bienestar Human Services, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zurisadai Inzunza
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Seretlo RJ, Smuts H, Mokgatle MM. Holistic Sexual-Reproductive Healthcare Services and Needs for Queer Individuals: Healthcare Providers' Perspectives. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1026. [PMID: 38786436 PMCID: PMC11121008 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12101026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There are ongoing debates and controversies about whether genderqueer individuals have specific sexual-reproductive healthcare services and needs (SRHSNs). This study intended to identify and explore queer-specific SRHSNs among healthcare providers (HCPs) in Gauteng Province, South Africa. This was an exploratory sequential mixed-methods study, and this article focuses on the qualitative findings of that investigation. Thirty-three HCPs were purposively sampled, and semi-structured one-on-one interviews were used to collect data between September and November 2023. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis (TCA). The results of this study revealed nine main themes: a crucial need for inclusive healthcare facilities; a need for psychological, counseling, and therapeutic support in sexual and reproductive healthcare; access to sexual-reproductive education and integrating support; suggested reproductive health services for queer sexual wellness; improved accessibility and particular queer reproductive healthcare; optimizing services related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) access, and sexually transmitted illness (STI) treatment; genderqueer persons' parenthood aspirations and empowerment; the safe availability of intimacy tools; and navigation transitions. A holistic and inclusive healthcare approach that fits psychological support, comprehensive sexual-reproductive education, and specialized services to accommodate the unique needs of queer individuals should be implemented and made easily accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raikane James Seretlo
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Hanlie Smuts
- Department of Informatics, University of Pretoria, P.O. Box X323, Pretoria 0007, South Africa;
| | - Mathildah Mpata Mokgatle
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
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Karniej P, Dissen A, Juárez-Vela R, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Sufrate-Sorzano T, Garrote-Camara ME, Czapla M. Psychometric properties and cultural adaptation of the Polish Version of the Gay Affirmative Practice Scale. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1384429. [PMID: 38756887 PMCID: PMC11097662 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1384429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people often face unique medical disparities, including obstacles to accessing adequate and respectful care. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties(internal consistency, reliability, and factor structure) of the Polish-language version of the Gay Affirmative Practice Scale (GAP-PL). Material The study was conducted over a 6-month period in 2023, from February to June, involving 329 medical students and professionals who evaluated the GAP-PL. Methods Before testing the psychometric properties of the original Gay Affirmative Practice Scale (GAP), it was translated and adapted from the original English language version into the Polish language. Authors then tested the psychometric properties of the tool on a sample of 329 participants. The internal coherence of the questionnaire was tested with the analysis of verifying factors (Confirmatory Factor Analysis). Cronbach alpha and the discriminatory power index were used as internal consistency measures. Results There were more female than male participants (55.32%). More than 53% of the participants were heterosexual, and the average age of the respondents was ~30 years. The internal consistency of the Polish-language version and its domains was strong with the overall Cronbach's alpha ranges for each subscale domains ranging between 0.936 and 0.949. The McDonald's omega coefficient was 0.963. Conclusion The GAP-PL has excellent properties of factorial validity and can be used in research and clinical practice in Polish-speaking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Karniej
- Faculty of Economics, WSB MERITO University in Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Anthony Dissen
- School of Health Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ, United States
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Iván Santolalla-Arnedo
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Teresa Sufrate-Sorzano
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Michał Czapla
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wrocław, Poland
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DeBrosse R, Mao X, Anand NS, Mullins A, Singh P, Sorcher JL, Jung J, Sanders RA, Beach MC, Pahwa AK, Golden WC, Fields EL. Evaluating the Impact of an Adolescent Sexuality Education Workshop on Medical Student Communication in an Objective Structured Clinical Examination. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:1026-1032. [PMID: 38323963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gaps still exist in medical education about the sexual health needs of sexual diverse populations, and little is known about how translatable current learning modules are to patient encounters. Efforts at an academic medical institution have been made to address this need, including a two-hour adolescent sexuality workshop during the Core Clerkship in Pediatrics. This workshop's efficacy was evaluated in an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) given to rising fourth-year medical students, where the standardized patient case focused on an adolescent cisgender male with dysuria and in a new, same-sex relationship. METHODS Performance of students who completed the workshop prior to the OSCE (n = 48) were compared to those of students who did not participate in the workshop prior to the OSCE (n = 17). The encounters were recorded and transcribed, and the deidentified transcripts were scored on a rubric focusing on five domains: sexual identity disclosure, behavioral assessment, psychosocial history, counseling and anticipatory guidance, and relationship building. RESULTS Student's t-test comparison of the scores found significantly higher scores for the psychosocial history domain (p = .04), particularly concerning disclosure of a new boyfriend and recent sexual activity (p = .008), for students who had the workshop before the OSCE. DISCUSSION Students who took the adolescent sexuality workshop performed better in gathering psychosocial information in an OSCE encounter a sexual minority adolescent. These results affirm prior work that active learning on sexual diverse health in medical school curricula may prepare students for effective engagement with adolescents exploring their sexuality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren DeBrosse
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xian Mao
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Neha S Anand
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexa Mullins
- Deparment of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Jill L Sorcher
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Julianna Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Renata Arrington Sanders
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mary Catherine Beach
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amit K Pahwa
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - W Christopher Golden
- Eudowood Neonatal Pulmonary Division, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Errol L Fields
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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A Nardolillo J, DiLucia A, Kerwin T, Ramirez SR, Vazquez MC, Murry LT, Medlin CG. An exploratory mixed-methods evaluation of continuing education opportunities related to the care of sexual and gender minority patients from ACPE-accredited providers. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2024; 81:306-315. [PMID: 38150575 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxad331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this analysis was to describe trends in continuing education opportunities for pharmacy professionals across the US related to the care of sexual and gender minority (SGM) patients. METHODS Continuing education programs offered by Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE)-accredited providers from 2012 through 2022 were identified by searching the ACPE database for titles containing SGM terminology. Data including ACPE provider classification, activity type, format, audience, ACPE topic designator, interprofessional accreditation, contact hours, and learning objectives were collected. Content analysis was used to categorize activities. RESULTS Following removal of duplicates and non-SGM-focused programming, 726 programs were identified. The most commonly observed program characteristics included a live format (67.6%, n = 491), a pharmacist audience (77.1%, n = 560), knowledge-based activities (90.8%, n = 656), a college or school of pharmacy provider (21.6%, n = 157), an ACPE topic of pharmacy administration (50.6%, n = 367), and a focus on pharmacy rather than interprofessional audiences (87.1%, n = 632). The median program length was 1 hour (interquartile range, 1-1.25 hours). The qualitative analysis identified programs focused on topics of gender-affirming care (pharmacotherapy) (32.1%, n = 233), general SGM (26.7%, n = 194), gender-affirming care (nonpharmacotherapy), sexually transmitted infections (7.2%, n = 52), and health disparities (3.9%, n = 28). CONCLUSION Advancement has occurred in the number of available continuing pharmacy education programs focused on the care of SGM patients. Further information regarding specific content and effectiveness of continuing education is necessary to determine strategies to better prepare pharmacy professionals to care for this growing patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Nardolillo
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI, and Rhode Island Primary Care Physicians Corporation, Cranston, RI, USA
| | - Alex DiLucia
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Taya Kerwin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research, University of Rhode Island College of Pharmacy, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Samantha R Ramirez
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso School of Pharmacy, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Maria C Vazquez
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso School of Pharmacy, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Logan T Murry
- Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christopher G Medlin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso School of Pharmacy, El Paso, TX, USA
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Ko J, Carlos J, Nguyen Y. Exploring LGBTQ+ cultural competency and DEI in continuing education: A cross-sectional review of U.S. pharmacy legislation. J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2024; 64:540-546. [PMID: 38272310 DOI: 10.1016/j.japh.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, intersex, asexual, or other sexual orientations or gender identities (LGBTQ+) cultural competency training is offered in pharmacy curricula to variable extents. State legislation directly dictates pharmacist training through continuing pharmacy education (CPE) requirements. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify the U.S. states and the District of Columbia (D.C.) that require CPE or training on topics related to LGBTQ+ cultural competency or topics related to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in general. In addition, this study quantified and compared each state's CPE hours required for each renewal period. METHODS This cross-sectional study retrospectively examined pharmacy legislation on CPE requirements for each of the 50 U.S. states and D.C. Only state legislation that was signed into law and related to pharmacy practice was included. Official websites for each board of pharmacy were identified to locate lawbooks, laws, rules, regulations, and statutes specific to pharmacy practice. Search terms included "lgbt," "lgbtq," "cultural," "cultural competency," "equity," "health equity," "implicit," and "implicit bias." Two study investigators independently collected data from March 2023 to April 2023. Data were re-reviewed for accuracy in January 2024. Discrepancies were resolved through discussion until a consensus was reached. The total number of required CPE hours, years for each pharmacist license renewal, required LGBTQ+ cultural competency CPE hours, and required DEI-focused CPE hours were described using descriptive statistics. RESULTS A total of 44 of 51 states and D.C. required 30 CPE hours for each 2-year renewal cycle or 15 CPE hours for each 1-year renewal cycle. California and D.C. had LGBTQ+ cultural competency CPE requirements of 1 CPE hour or 2 CPE hours per cycle, respectively. Five additional states, Illinois, Maryland, Michigan, Oregon, and Washington, required training or CPE on topics related to DEI as a whole. CONCLUSION Few U.S. states require CPE on LGBTQ+ cultural competency. This study highlights the need for standardized pharmacist training in LGBTQ+ health care.
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Nowaskie DZ, Dauterman JW, Dauterman LC, Menez O. U.S. Pediatric Residents' Preparedness, Attitudes, and Knowledge in LGBTQ+ Health Care. J Pediatr Health Care 2024; 38:140-147. [PMID: 38429026 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to evaluate pediatric residents' lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and all sexual and gender diverse (LGBTQ+) care. METHOD In June 2022, U.S. pediatric residents completed an anonymous online survey including the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender-Development of Clinical Skills Scale (LGBT-DOCSS). RESULTS Pediatric residents (n = 78) reported low-to-moderate annual amounts of LGBT curricular hours (3.32 ± 3.17) and LGBT patients (13.84 ± 15.11) as well as low-to-moderate clinical preparedness and knowledge and high positive attitudes. They were significantly less likely to report receiving adequate training and supervision, having experience, and feeling competent in transgender care compared with lesbian, gay, and bisexual care. In general, pediatric residents who reported more LGBT education and LGBT patients also reported higher LGBT-DOCSS scores. DISCUSSION Pediatric residents in this study had substantial shortcomings in LGBTQ+ care. Pediatric programs must increase LGBTQ+ education and LGBTQ+ patient exposure.
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Karniej P, Dissen A, Juarez-Vela R, Gea-Caballero V, Echániz-Serrano E, Czapla M. Psychometric Properties and Cultural Adaptation of the Polish Version of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Development of Clinical Skills Scale (LGBT- DOCSS-PL). JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38266174 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2024.2302970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
People from the LGBT+ community often face unique healthcare disparities, including barriers to accessing appropriate and respectful care. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Polish-language version of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Development of Clinical Skills Scale (LGBT- DOCSS-PL). Before testing its psychometric properties, the LGBT-DOCSS was translated and adapted from the original English version into Polish. Subsequently, we tested the instrument's psychometric properties on a sample of 415 participants. In addition, internal consistency of the questionnaire was checked with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Cronbach's alpha together with discriminative power index were uses as internal consistency measures. There were more female than male participants (58%). More than 57% of the participants were heterosexual and the average age of the respondents was approximately 30 years. The internal consistency of the Polish version and its domains was strong with an overall Cronbach's alpha of 0.789. The alpha ranges for each subscale domains were between 0.780-0.824. The McDonald's omega coefficient was 0.86. The Polish version of the LGBT-DOCSS-PL has good properties of factorial validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Karniej
- Faculty of Economics, WSB MERITO University, Wrocław, Poland
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Anthony Dissen
- School of Health Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Raul Juarez-Vela
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Vicente Gea-Caballero
- Faculty of Health Science, Research Group Community Health and Care, Valencian International University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- SAPIENF Research Group (B53_23R), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Michał Czapla
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
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Voultsos P, Papana A, Alexandri S, Zymvragou CE. Transgender Attitudes and Beliefs Scale-Greek (TABS-Gr) version: translation and initial evaluation of psychometric properties among medical students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:704. [PMID: 37759217 PMCID: PMC10523621 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgender people face significantly greater discrimination and health disparities in health care settings than cisgender people. The role of education in eliminating this phenomenon has been increasingly recognized by many medical schools. However, transgender health content is sparse or lacking in the medical curricula of many countries. METHOD This study was designed to validate the Greek version of the Transgender Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (TABS-Gr). The study adopted a cross-sectional, comparative-descriptive research design. Participants (N = 203) were contacted through online recruitment and invited to complete an anonymous web-based survey. The data were collected between December 2022 and February 2023. RESULTS The overall reliability of the TABS-Gr questionnaire was high (Cronbach's α = 0.961, p. from Hotelling's T-squared test < 0.000). High Cronbach's alpha values were estimated for the three subscales, with α = 0.958 for Interpersonal Comfort, α = 0.906 for Gender Beliefs, and α = 0.952 for Human Values. Hotelling's T-squared test confirmed that all items on the scale had the same mean (p < 0.001 for all subgroups). Explanatory factor analysis (EFA) demonstrated adequate fit. Convergent and discriminant validity were validated based on the estimated correlations. The three-factor structure of the Greek TABS version was confirmed. The mean total score was 155.95 (SD = 30.63), indicating that medical students had a moderately positive attitude towards transgender people. Participants showed significantly less biased (more tolerant, positive) attitudes towards transgender people on the Interpersonal Comfort (IC) and Human Value (HV) subscales than on the Sex/Gender Beliefs (SGB) subscale. A demographic comparison was conducted and demonstrated a correlation between scores and sociodemographics, except for place of origin. A statistically significant increase in the total mean score was estimated for women compared to men. CONCLUSION The overall psychometric findings provide some evidence to support the validity of the Greek version of the TABS. However, we call for further validation research in Greek medical schools. Since our claims for validity are based in part on an exploratory factor analysis, a future confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is part of our call for further validation research. While the results of this study are mostly in line with the results of previous research, some nuances were identified. These results may inform educators, medical school curricula and education policy-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polychronis Voultsos
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology (Division: Medical Law and Ethics), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, University Campus, Thessaloniki, GR 54124, Greece.
| | - Angeliki Papana
- School of Mathematics, Aristotle University, University Campus, Thessaloniki, GR 54124, Greece
| | - Stella Alexandri
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology (Division: Medical Law and Ethics), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, University Campus, Thessaloniki, GR 54124, Greece
| | - Christina-Erato Zymvragou
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology (Division: Medical Law and Ethics), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, University Campus, Thessaloniki, GR 54124, Greece
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