Association between impulsivity and cognitive capacity decrease is mediated by smartphone addiction, academic procrastination, bedtime procrastination, sleep insufficiency and daytime fatigue among medical students: a path analysis

Is decreasing problematic mobile phone use a pathway for alleviating adolescent depression and sleep disorders? A randomized controlled trial testing the effectiveness of an eight-session mindfulness-based intervention

Objective

The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) intervention in reducing problematic mobile phone use, depression, and sleep disorders among adolescents. Additionally, it sought to investigate whether the decrease in problematic mobile phone use acted as a mediator in the relationship between the MBCT intervention and adolescent depression and sleep disorders.

Methods

In a randomized controlled trial, a total of 104 adolescents were randomly assigned to the mindfulness group (n = 52) or the wait-list control group (n = 52). The mindfulness group students completed eight 45-min sessions of mindfulness training in four weeks. The outcomes were measured at baseline, postintervention, and at the 2-month follow-up.

Results

Compared with the control group, the mindfulness group had significantly greater levels of mindfulness and lower levels of problematic mobile phone use, depression, and sleep disorders postintervention. The intervention effects were maintained at the 2-month follow-up. In addition, decreased problematic mobile phone use significantly mediated the association between the MBCT intervention and decreased depression and decreased sleep disorders.

Conclusion

The findings suggest that MBCT could improve adolescent depression and sleep disorders and that decreasing problematic mobile phone use is an effective pathway accounting for the MBCT intervention effect on adolescent depression and sleep disorders.

Factors associated with sleep disorders among university students in Jiangsu Province: a cross-sectional study

Objective

This study aims to establish the precise prevalence of sleep disorders among university students in Jiangsu Province. Utilizing a representative sample of students, we measured their sleep quality based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Our objective is to quantitatively assess the magnitude of sleep quality and identify key factors. By detailed analysis of these relationships, our study seeks to provide actionable insights for the development of targeted interventions to enhance sleep quality within this population.

Methods

From October to November 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey in Jiangsu Province, China. Using convenient cluster sampling in each college, a total of 8457 participants were selected. The PSQI was applied to assess sleep quality among university students. Data collected included sociodemographic details, scores from the Mobile Phone Dependence Index (MPAI) and psychological resilience measured by the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC).

Results

The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality among the participants was 39.30%. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that higher physical activity (OR = 0.921; 95% CI: 0.779-1.090), earlier roommate bedtimes (OR = 0.799; 95% CI: 0.718-0.888), quieter dormitories (OR = 0.732; 95% CI: 0.647-0.828) and higher psychological resilience (OR = 0.982; 95% CI, 0.979-0.984) were protective factors linked to lower risk of poor sleep quality. Conversely, being a female student (OR = 1.238; 95% CI: 1.109-1.382), being a senior (OR = 1.582; 95% CI: 1.344-1.863), single-child status (OR = 1.195; 95% CI: 1.077-1.326), regular smoking (OR = 1.833; 95% CI: 1.181-2.847), regular alcohol consumption (OR = 1.737; 95% CI: 1.065-2.833), high academic stress (OR = 1.326; 95% CI: 1.012-1.736), high employment stress (OR = 1.352; 95% CI: 1.156-1.582), dissatisfaction with dormitory hygiene (OR = 1.140; 95% CI: 1.028-1.265), poor self-rated physical health (OR = 1.969; 95% CI: 1.533-2.529), poor self-rated mental health (OR = 2.924; 95% CI: 2.309-3.702) and higher mobile phone dependency were risk factors associated with an increased likelihood of poor sleep quality.

Conclusion

The sleep quality among university students should attract immediate attention. The development of public services and mental health education initiatives is crucial in enhancing the sleep health of this population.

Research on the impact of the socio-educational environment on the academic performance of college students: the mediating role of study motivation

Background

Enhancing the academic performance (AP) of college students can contribute to the overall scientific literacy among this population, thereby fostering societal progress.

Objective

The study investigates the correlation between college students' AP and the socio-educational environment (SEE, including family, roommates, and teachers), study motivation (SM, including self-efficacy and study behaviors). Based on the research findings, recommendations are offered to students, educators, and school administrators.

Settings

Utilizing a stratified sampling approach, data was collected by selecting a sample of 330 first-year computer science students from a specific local university in Hebei Province, China.

Methods

Data will be collected through a hierarchical sampling method. Using correlation analysis, difference analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) as data analysis methods. The data passed reliability and validity analysis (Cronbach's Alpha = 0.88, KMO = 0.88, χ2/df = 1.49RMSEA = 0.04).

Results

The independent sample T-test results showed that female students had higher academic performance than male students (p < 0.001), and there was no significant difference in academic performance between students from single parent or orphan families and students from normal families (p = 0.14), from non urban areas and from urban areas (p = 0.67). The results of the mediating effect analysis indicate that SM exerts complete mediation in the association between SEE and AP, with a mediating effect value of 0.18.

Conclusion

The educational disparity between urban and rural areas in China is gradually narrowing. Support policies for students from impoverished families in higher education institutions are showing initial effectiveness. The conducive learning environment and educational atmosphere for students can indirectly influence their psychological state, thus impacting their academic performance during their university years.