1
|
Hawes EM, Page C, Galloway E, McClurg MR, Lombardi B. Pharmacists Colocated With Primary Care Physicians: Understanding Delivery of Interprofessional Primary Care. Med Care 2024; 62:87-92. [PMID: 38051204 DOI: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While evidence supports interprofessional primary care models that include pharmacists, the extent to which pharmacists are working in primary care and the factors associated with colocation is unknown. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyze the physical colocation of pharmacists with primary care providers (PCPs) and examine predictors associated with colocation. RESEARCH DESIGN This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of pharmacists and PCPs with individual National Provider Identifiers in the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System's database. Pharmacist and PCP practice addresses of the health care professionals were geocoded, and distances less than 0.1 miles were considered physically colocated. SUBJECTS In all, 502,373 physicians and 221,534 pharmacists were included. RESULTS When excluding hospital-based pharmacists, 1 in 10 (11%) pharmacists were colocated with a PCP. Pharmacists in urban settings were more likely to be colocated than those in rural areas (OR=1.32, CI: 1.26-1.38). Counties with the highest proportion of licensed pharmacists per 100,000 people in the county had higher colocation (OR=1.38, CI: 1.32-1.45). Colocation was significantly higher in states with an expanded scope of practice (OR 1.37, CI: 1.32-1.42) and those that have expanded Medicaid (OR 1.07, CI: 1.03-1.11). Colocated pharmacists more commonly worked in larger physician practices. CONCLUSION Although including pharmacists on primary care teams improves clinical outcomes, reduces health care costs, and enhances patient and provider experience, colocation appears to be unevenly dispersed across the United States, with lower rates in rural areas. As the integration of pharmacists in primary care continues to expand, knowing the prevalence and facilitators of growth will be helpful to policymakers, researchers, and clinical administrators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily M Hawes
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Cristen Page
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Evan Galloway
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Mary Roth McClurg
- University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Brianna Lombardi
- Department of Family Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Carolina Health Workforce Research Center, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Curtin EL, d'Apice K, Porter A, Widnall E, Franklin M, de Vocht F, Kidger J. Perspectives on an enhanced 'Improving Access to Psychological Therapies' (IAPT) service addressing the wider determinants of mental health: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:536. [PMID: 37226155 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new Health and Wellbeing pathway was introduced into the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service in one geographical area of the UK in 2021 to address the wider determinants of mental health problems. It comprised assisted signposting to wider services and physical health promotion. This qualitative study aimed to understand stakeholders' experiences of implementing and receiving this new support and the barriers and facilitators to its delivery. METHODS Forty-seven interviews were conducted, with service developers (n = 6), service deliverers (n = 12), service users (n = 22) and community and clinical partners (n = 7), as part of a larger mixed-methods evaluation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Three themes spanned all participant groups and represented key aspects of the service: (1) identifying suitability, (2) a holistic service, and (3) moving forward. The sub-themes represent the barriers and facilitators to processes working in practice, lending insight into potential service improvements. These included strengthening the quality of communication during referral and assessment, tailoring the support and delivery mode, and increasing transparency around continued care to drive sustained benefits. LIMITATIONS Service users may have been selected due to their positive experiences of IAPT and were not demographically representative of the population, although participants' experiences of the service did suggest variation in our sample. CONCLUSIONS The Health and Wellbeing pathway was perceived as having a positive impact on mental health and could reduce the burden on therapeutic services. However, service- and individual-level barriers need to be addressed to enhance statutory and community support links, manage service users' expectations, and improve accessibility for certain groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Louise Curtin
- Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Katrina d'Apice
- Centre for Public Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - Alice Porter
- Centre for Public Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Emily Widnall
- Centre for Public Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| | - Matthew Franklin
- School for Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Regent Court, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK
| | - Frank de Vocht
- Centre for Public Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West), Whitefriars, Lewins Mead, Bristol, BS1 2NT, UK
| | - Judi Kidger
- Centre for Public Health, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sylvia LG, Tovey RE, Katz D, Boccagno C, Stromberg AR, Peters AT, Temes CM, Gold AK, Mow J, Puvanich N, Albury EA, Stephan NJ, Faria CM, Nierenberg AA, Kamali MP. A New Treatment Program: Focused Integrated Team-based Treatment Program for Bipolar Disorder (FITT-BD). J Psychiatr Pract 2023; 29:176-188. [PMID: 37185884 DOI: 10.1097/pra.0000000000000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bipolar disorder (BD) is complicated by a dynamic, chronic course along with multiple comorbid psychiatric and medical conditions, making it challenging for clinicians to treat and patients to thrive. To efficiently manage the complexity of BD and help patients recover, we developed a Focused Integrated Team-based Treatment Program for Bipolar Disorder (FITT-BD). The purpose of this paper is to describe how we developed this clinic and the lessons we learned. METHODS We developed FITT-BD by integrating strategies from stepped care, collaborative care, and learning health care systems. We describe the rationale, details, and lessons learned in developing FITT-BD. RESULTS By integrating stepped care, collaborative care, and a learning health care system approach, FITT-BD aims to reduce barriers to care, leverage the expertise of a multidisciplinary treatment team, ensure patient-centeredness, and use assessments to inform and continuously improve outcomes in real time. We learned that there are challenges in the creation of a web-based application that tracks the treatment of patients within a network of hospitals. CONCLUSIONS The success of FITT-BD will be determined by the degree to which it can increase treatment access, improve treatment adherence, and help individuals with BD achieve their treatment goals. We expect that FITT-BD will improve outcomes in the context of ongoing clinical care. PUBLIC HEALTH SIGNIFICANCE The treatment of BD is challenging and complex. We propose a new treatment model for BD: FITT-BD. We expect that this program will be a patient-centered approach that improves outcomes in the context of ongoing clinical care for patients with BD.
Collapse
|
4
|
Scott J, Pakpahan E, Marlow B, Daxner N. Defining a threshold above which an adult can be considered to frequently use ambulance services: a retrospective cross-sectional study of emergency calls to an ambulance service in England. Br Paramed J 2023; 7:35-45. [PMID: 36875826 PMCID: PMC9983062 DOI: 10.29045/14784726.2023.3.7.4.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective There is no empirical definition of adult frequent use of ambulance services. This study aimed to define a threshold, and utilise this to explore characteristics of people frequently using services. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study in a single ambulance service in England. Routinely collected, pseudo-anonymised call- and patient-level data were collected for two months (January and June 2019). Incidents, defined as independent episodes of care, were analysed using a zero-truncated Poisson regression model to determine a suitable frequent-use threshold, with comparisons subsequently made between frequent and non-frequent users. Results A total of 101,356 incidents involving 83,994 patients were included in the analysis. Two potentially appropriate thresholds were identified: five incidents per month (A); and six incidents per month (B). Threshold A produced 3137 incidents from 205 patients, with five patients likely false-positive identifications. Threshold B produced 2217 incidents from 95 patients, with no false-positive identifications but 100 false-negatives compared to threshold A. Regardless of threshold, frequent users compared to non-frequent users had relatively reduced service use between 08:00 and 15:00, were younger and were more likely to receive lower-priority responses (all p < 0.001). We identified several chief complaints indicative of increased frequent use, including chest pain, psychiatric/suicide attempt and abdominal pains/problems. Conclusions We suggest a threshold of five incidents per month, with recognition that a small number of patients may be incorrectly identified as using ambulance services frequently. The rationale for this choice is discussed. This threshold may be applicable in wider UK settings and could be used for the routine automated identification of people using ambulance services frequently. The identified characteristics can help inform interventions. Future research should examine applicability of this threshold in other UK ambulance services and countries where patterns and determinants of frequent ambulance use may differ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nathan Daxner
- South East Coast Ambulance Service NHS Foundation Trust
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fleischmann M, Vaughan B, Bird A, Grace S, Fitzgerald K, McLeod G. Demographic, practice and clinical management characteristics of osteopaths referring to podiatrists: secondary analysis of a nationally representative sample of Australian osteopaths. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:224. [PMID: 35180867 PMCID: PMC8855537 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interprofessional care is paramount in contemporary healthcare practice. How different professions interact, and the characteristics of those practitioners who practice in an interprofessional way are rarely described in the literature. The aim of the current work was to identify the demographic, practice and clinical management characteristics of Australian osteopaths who report referring to podiatrists. Methods The study was a secondary analysis of data from the Osteopathy Research and Innovation Network (ORION). Inferential statistics were generated to identify statistically significant demographic, practice and clinical management characteristics associated with referrals to podiatrists by Australian osteopaths. Results Nine-hundred and ninety-two Australian osteopaths responded to the questionnaire. Sending referrals to a podiatrist was reported by 651 participants (65.6%). Female Australian osteopaths were less likely to report referring to podiatrists compared to male osteopaths (OR 0.76, 95%CI 0.59–0.99). Australian osteopaths who reported referring to podiatrists were more likely to report receiving referrals from podiatrists (OR 9.75, 95%CI 6.98–13.61), use orthopaedic testing in patient assessment (OR 7.62, 95%CI 2.82–20.60), and often treat patients with postural disorders (OR 1.71, 95%CI 1.03–2.26), compared to osteopaths who do not refer to podiatrists. Conclusion This study provides initial evidence for the referral relationship between Australian osteopaths and podiatrists. Further work could explore the nature of these referrals, including the complaints resulting in referral and outcomes of care. This information will be useful to those involved in health policy development and the professions advocating for their role in the wider healthcare system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fleischmann
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. .,School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Brett Vaughan
- School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Adam Bird
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandra Grace
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| | - Kylie Fitzgerald
- Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gopi McLeod
- School of Public Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dannefer R, Sleiter L, Lopez J, Gutierrez J, Letamendi C, John P, Bailey Z. Resident Experiences With a Place-Based Collaboration to Address Health and Social Inequities: A Survey of Visitors to the East Harlem Neighborhood Health Action Center. INQUIRY: THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION, AND FINANCING 2022; 59:469580211065695. [PMID: 35175889 PMCID: PMC8859671 DOI: 10.1177/00469580211065695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In 2016 and 2017, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene established Neighborhood Health Action Centers (Action Centers) in disinvested communities of color as part of a place-based model to advance health equity. This model includes co-located partners, a referral and linkage system, and community space and programming. In 2018, we surveyed visitors to the East Harlem Action Center to provide a more comprehensive understanding of visitors’ experiences. The survey was administered in English, Spanish, and Mandarin. Respondents were racially diverse and predominantly residents of East Harlem. The majority had been to the East Harlem Action Center previously. Most agreed that the main service provider for their visit made them feel comfortable, treated them with respect, spoke in a way that was easy to understand, and that they received the highest quality of service. A little more than half of returning visitors reported engaging with more than one Action Center program in the last 6 months. Twenty-one percent of respondents reported receiving at least one referral at the Action Center. Two thirds were aware that the Action Center offered a number of programs and services and half were aware that referrals were available. Additional visits to the Action Center were associated with increased likelihood of engaging with more than one program and awareness of the availability of programs and referral services. Findings suggest that most visitors surveyed had positive experiences, and more can be done to promote the Action Center and the variety of services it offers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Dannefer
- Bureau of Harlem Neighborhood Health, Center for Health Equity and Community Wellness, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, United States
| | - Luke Sleiter
- Center for Health Equity and Community Wellness, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jessie Lopez
- Bureau of Harlem Neighborhood Health, Center for Health Equity and Community Wellness, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jaime Gutierrez
- Bureau of Harlem Neighborhood Health, Center for Health Equity and Community Wellness, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carl Letamendi
- Center for Health Equity and Community Wellness, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, United States
| | - Padmore John
- Bureau of Harlem Neighborhood Health, Center for Health Equity and Community Wellness, NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zinzi Bailey
- Health Equity Research Solutions, LLC, Miami, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Henderson L, Bain H, Allan E, Kennedy C. Integrated health and social care in the community: A critical integrative review of the experiences and well-being needs of service users and their families. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:1145-1168. [PMID: 33058359 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A need for people-centred health and social support systems is acknowledged as a global priority. Most nations face challenges in providing safe, effective, timely, affordable, coordinated care around the needs and preferences of people who access integrated health and social care (IHSC) services. Much of the current research in the field focuses on describing and evaluating specific models for delivering IHSC. Fewer studies focus on person-centred experiences, needs and preferences of people who use these services. However, current international guidance for integrated care sets a precedence of person-centred integrated care that meets the health and well-being needs of people who access IHSC services. This integrative literature review synthesises empirical literature from six databases (CINAHL; MEDLINE; AMED; TRIP; Web of Science and Science Direct; 2007-2019). This review aims to better understand the experiences and health and well-being needs of people who use IHSC services in a community setting. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria and results were thematically analysed. Three overarching themes were identified, including relationships, promoting health and well-being and difficulty understanding systems. Findings of this review indicate that relationships hold significance in IHSC. People who access IHSC services felt that they were not always involved in planning their care and that there was a lack of clarity in navigating integrated systems; subsequently, this impacted upon their experiences of those services. However, service user and informal carer voices appear to be underrepresented in current literature and studies that included their views were found to be of low quality overall. Collectively, these findings support the need for further research that explores the person-centred experiences and needs of people who access IHSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Henderson
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Heather Bain
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Elaine Allan
- School Nursing AHSCP & NHSG Strategic Lead CEL 13 School Nursing, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK
- School Nursing, School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Catriona Kennedy
- School of Nursing, Midwifery & Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
- The University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kurotschka PK, Serafini A, Demontis M, Serafini A, Mereu A, Moro MF, Carta MG, Ghirotto L. General Practitioners' Experiences During the First Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: A Critical Incident Technique Study. Front Public Health 2021; 9:623904. [PMID: 33614587 PMCID: PMC7888233 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.623904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Since February 2020, when coronavirus disease began to spread in Italy, general practitioners (GPs) were called to manage a growing number of health situations. The challenges experienced by Italian GPs remained unrevealed. This study aimed at exploring Italian GPs' care experiences and practices associated with critical incidents during the first wave of the pandemic. A qualitative study design involving the critical incident technique through an online survey was applied. Sociodemographic data and open-ended responses were collected. While participants' characteristics were analyzed through descriptive statistics, qualitative data were thematically analyzed employing the framework method. 149 GPs responded to the survey and 99 participants completed the survey (dropout rate = 33%). Eight themes emerged indicating factors related to the organization of the healthcare system and factors related to the clinical management of patients, that were perceived as impacting on the GPs' care provision. The analysis revealed difficulties in communicating with other local services. This, together with the lack of coordination among services, was reported as a major challenge. Primary care was perceived as having been undervalued and criticalities in the organization of GP courses, led in a bureaucratic fashion, posed at risk some trainees to be infected. The digital technologies adopted for remote patient consultations were seen as useful tools for daily practice helping the GPs to stay emotionally connected with their patients. Besides, the improvement in the GP–patient relationship in terms of solidarity between patients and doctors and compliance to rules, had a positive impact. Moreover, many respondents addressed the importance of professional collaboration and teamwork, in terms of both support in practical issues (to find PPE, diagnostics and guidelines) and emotional support. At the same time, the lack of resources (e.g., PPE, swabs) and of specific guidelines and protocols impacted on the care provision. Our findings suggest that GPs in Italy are at risk of being left behind within the epidemic management. Communication and coordination among services are essential and should be substantially improved, and primary care research should be initiated to collect the context-specific evidence necessary to enhance the system's preparedness to public health emergencies and the quality of primary care services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Konstantin Kurotschka
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Mereu
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale Toscana Centro, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Moro
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luca Ghirotto
- Qualitative Research Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zeffiro V, Sanson G, Welton J, Maurici M, Malatesta A, Carboni L, Vellone E, Alvaro R, D'Agostino F. Predictive factors of a prolonged length of stay in a community Nursing-Led unit: A retrospective cohort study. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29:4685-4696. [PMID: 32956527 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe the care provided to patients admitted into a community Nursing-Led inpatient unit and to identify factors predicting a length of stay exceeding an established threshold. BACKGROUND Few studies have been conducted to describe the care provided in a Nursing-Led unit. No studies have investigated factors affecting length of stay in these services. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS Consecutive patients admitted to a community Nursing-Led unit between 2009-2015 were enrolled. Sociodemographic, medical and nursing care (diagnoses and activities) variables were collected from electronic health records. Descriptive analysis and a backward stepwise logistic regression model were applied. The study followed the STROBE guidelines. RESULTS The study enrolled 904 patients (mean age: 77.7 years). The most frequent nursing diagnoses were bathing self-care deficit and impaired physical mobility. The nursing activities most provided were enteral medication administration and vital signs measurement. Approximately 37% of the patients had a length of stay longer than the established threshold. Nine covariates, including being discharged to home, having an impaired memory nursing diagnosis or being treated for advanced wound care, were found to be independent predictors of prolonged length of stay. Variables related to medical conditions did not affect the length-of-stay threshold. CONCLUSIONS The length of stay in the community Nursing-Led unit was mainly predicted by conditions related to sociodemographic factors, nursing complexity and functional status. This result confirms that the medical and nursing needs of a community Nursing-Led unit population substantively differ from those of hospitalised acute patients. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The nursing complexity and related nursing care to be provided may be adopted as a criterion to establish the appropriate length of stay in the community Nursing-Led unit for each individual patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Zeffiro
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sanson
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - John Welton
- College of Nursing Education, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Massimo Maurici
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Ercole Vellone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosaria Alvaro
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio D'Agostino
- UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Impact of hearing loss on clinical interactions between older adults and health professionals: a systematic review. Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:919-928. [DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
11
|
Barsanti S, Guarneri F. Chronic disease management: Discussing the perspectives of general practitioners in Italy. Health Serv Manage Res 2019; 33:13-23. [PMID: 31619073 DOI: 10.1177/0951484819871011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of general practitioners’ perspectives across key criteria for effective chronic disease management. The study setting is the Tuscany Region in Italy that implemented the Chronic Care Model in 2010 with multidisciplinary team to assist chronic patients. We used the results of a web-based survey of general practitioners (N = 1136) conducted in 2015 to compare the experiences and satisfaction of general practitioners involved (group 1) and not involved (group 2) in the Chronic Care Model. The analysis included all general practitioners, and compared the two groups’ perspectives of the different core aspects of Chronic Care Model through conducting an ANOVA analysis and Bonferroni test. General practitioners involved in the Chronic Care Model are found to be more favourably disposed toward measurement and benchmarking, and more satisfied in terms of decision support system. Conversely, no significant differences were found in terms of collaboration with specialists, which remains weak and in terms of community collaboration and involvement. This study provides a detailed investigation of the implementation of Disease Management Programs, by considering the professional point of view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Barsanti
- Laboratorio Management e Sanità, Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna of Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Guarneri
- Laboratorio Management e Sanità, Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna of Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ramond-Roquin A, Chouinard MC, Diallo BB, Bouhali T, Provost S, Fortin M. Chronic disease prevention and management programs in primary care: Realist synthesis of 6 programs in Quebec. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2019; 65:559-566. [PMID: 31413028 PMCID: PMC6693614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the mechanisms associated with success and failure of chronic disease prevention and management (CDPM) programs, as well as their key contexts. DESIGN Realist synthesis. SETTING Six primary care CDPM programs funded between 2011 and 2013 in Quebec. PARTICIPANTS Patients, health providers, program leaders, and other stakeholders involved in CDPM programs. METHODS A collaborative research process was implemented, involving representatives from the executive and advisory committees: researchers, health care providers, decision makers, and patients and families. Leaders were asked to provide all documents related to their programs to the research team. The documents were selected depending on their relevance and rigour. The thematic analysis of each program consisted of identifying the outcomes and mechanisms, as well as the specific contexts associated with these outcomes. Results for each program were validated by its leader before synthesizing the results of all programs together. MAIN FINDINGS A total of 108 documents (eg, grant applications, scientific reports) were collected from the programs. Positive and negative outcomes were observed at the patient, health care provider, and health care system levels. Four main mechanism categories were associated with outcomes: patient-centred interdisciplinary care; self-management support and a motivational approach; professional support; and care coordination and relationships with partners. The main contextual factors that influenced the successes of these mechanisms were related to patients (multimorbidity, involvement of family caregivers), to health care providers (professional training, culture of interprofessional collaboration, mobilization of family physician), and to health care organizations (coordination between services, history of collaboration between partners, funding). CONCLUSION This study confirms the essential role of patient-centred interdisciplinary care; self-management support and a motivational approach; professional support; and care coordination and relationships with partners when caring for patients with chronic diseases. It constitutes a relevant contribution for stakeholders involved in primary care transformation and should be used to inform the sustainability and scaling up of CDPM programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ramond-Roquin
- Family physician and postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine at the Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Maud-Christine Chouinard
- Associate Professor for the Nursing and Health Sciences Module at the Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
| | - Bayero Boubacar Diallo
- Research assistant in the Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine at the Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Tarek Bouhali
- Research Coordinator in the Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine at the Université de Sherbrooke
| | - Sylvie Provost
- Consulting physician affiliated with the Direction de santé publique de Montréal, the Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, and the Institut de recherche en santé publique de l'Université de Montréal
| | - Martin Fortin
- Family physician in the Family Medicine Unit at the Chicoutimi Hospital and at the Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean in Quebec, Full Professor in the Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine at the Université de Sherbrooke, and Research Chair on Chronic Diseases in Primary Care.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alrabie N. Integrating professionals in French multi-professional health homes: Fostering collaboration beyond the walls. Health Serv Manage Res 2019; 33:86-95. [PMID: 31248282 DOI: 10.1177/0951484819858828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence of the effectiveness of multi-disciplinary co-location for healthcare integration is mixed. This case study investigates a territorial healthcare project that is implemented across four French rural healthcare practices that co-locate multi-disciplinary healthcare practitioners. Two levels of collaboration were identified: (i) local, intra-team collaboration (i.e., care and prevention) and (ii) territorial, inter-team collaboration (i.e., patient therapeutic education and knowledge sharing). An analysis of 50 interviews with healthcare professionals uncovers important aspects of successful multi-disciplinary collaboration, which is an intermediary between co-location and care integration. By highlighting the social dimension of care integration, with a specific focus on the professional component of interpersonal integration, this study expands the theory of care integration by identifying three antecedents of multi-disciplinary collaboration: (i) prior general practitioner joint-practice experience, (ii) professional impetus (i.e., initiated by practitioners) and (iii) general practitioner peer group membership. Successful multi-disciplinary co-location and, in turn, collaboration offer a range of benefits to both patients and practitioners and advance progress towards promising perspectives, such as local competence transfer and territorial contagion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nour Alrabie
- TSM-Research, Université Toulouse Capitole, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sørensen M, Stenberg U, Garnweidner-Holme L. A Scoping Review of Facilitators of Multi-Professional Collaboration in Primary Care. Int J Integr Care 2018; 18:13. [PMID: 30220896 PMCID: PMC6137624 DOI: 10.5334/ijic.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multi-professional collaboration (MPC) is essential for the delivery of effective and comprehensive care services. As in other European countries, primary care in Norway is challenged by altered patient values and the increased expectations of health administrations to participate in team-based care. This scoping review reports on the organisational, processual, relational and contextual facilitators of collaboration between general practitioners (GP) and other healthcare professionals (HCPs) in primary care. METHODS A systematic search in specialist and Scandinavian databases retrieved 707 citations. Following the inclusion criteria, nineteen studies were considered eligible and examined according to Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework for scoping reviews. The retrieved literature was analysed employing a content analysis approach. A group of stakeholders commented on study findings to enhance study validity. RESULTS Primary care research into MPC is immature and emerging in Norway. Our analysis showed that introducing common procedures for documentation and handling of patient data, knowledge sharing, and establishing local specialised multi-professional teams, facilitates MPC. The results indicate that advancements in work practices benefit from an initial system-level foundation with focus on local management and MPC leadership. Further, our results show that it is preferable to enhance collaborative skills before introducing new professional teams, roles and responsibilities. Investing in professional relations could build trust, respect and continuity. In this respect, sufficient time must be allocated during the working day for professionals to share reflections and engage in mutual learning. CONCLUSION There is a paucity of research concerning the application and management of MPC in Norwegian primary care. The work practices and relations between professionals, primary care institutions and stakeholders on a macro level is inadequate. Health care is a complex system in which HCPs need managerial support to harvest the untapped benefits of MPC in primary care. As international research demonstrates, local managers must be supported with infrastructure on a macro level to understand the embedding of practice and look at what professionals actually do and how they work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Sørensen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs Plass, 0130 Oslo, NO
- The Norwegian Directorate of Health, St. Olavs Plass, 0130 Oslo, NO
| | - Una Stenberg
- The Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Learning and Mastery in Health, Oslo University Hospital, Trondheimsveien 235, 0586 Oslo, NO
| | - Lisa Garnweidner-Holme
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs Plass, 0130 Oslo, NO
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Vainieri M, Quercioli C, Maccari M, Barsanti S, Murante AM. Reported experience of patients with single or multiple chronic diseases: empirical evidence from Italy. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18:659. [PMID: 30139381 PMCID: PMC6108105 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-3431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More and more countries have been implementing chronic care programs, such as the Chronic Care Model (CCM) to manage non-acute conditions of diseases in a more effective and less expensive way. Often, these programs aim to provide care for single conditions instead of the sum of diseases. This paper analyzes the satisfaction and better management of single and multiple chronic patients with the core elements of chronic care programs in Siena, Italy. In addition, the paper also considers whether the CCM introduced in Siena has any influence on satisfaction and better self-management. METHODS Survey data from patients with single chronic (N = 500) and multiple chronic diseases (N = 454), assisted by the Local Health Authority in Siena (Tuscany, Italy), were considered for the analysis. Variables on education, monitoring system, proactivity, relational continuity, model of care (CCM versus no CCM) and patient demographics were used to detect which strategies are associated with a higher patient-reported ability to better self-manage the disease and overall patient satisfaction. Logistic and ordinary logistic models were executed on data related to patients with both single and multiple chronic diseases. RESULTS The results showed that monitoring was the sole strategy associated with overall satisfaction and better self-management for both single and multiple chronic patients. Relational continuity also showed a significant positive association with better self-management perception for both patient groups, but had a positive association with patient satisfaction only for single chronic patients. Enrolment in the CCM was not associated with both overall satisfaction and better management for the two patient groups. CONCLUSIONS Strategies that are significantly associated with satisfaction and perception of better disease self-management were the same for both single and multiple chronic patients. The delivery of care based on the Siena CCM does not seem to make a difference in the perception of better self-management and overall satisfaction for all the patients. Other concurrent strategies implemented by the regional government in Tuscany on primary care monitoring and health promotion could partially explain why CCM does not have a significant influence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Vainieri
- Laboratorio Management e Sanità, Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Sara Barsanti
- Laboratorio Management e Sanità, Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Murante
- Laboratorio Management e Sanità, Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bonciani M, Schäfer W, Barsanti S, Heinemann S, Groenewegen PP. The benefits of co-location in primary care practices: the perspectives of general practitioners and patients in 34 countries. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18:132. [PMID: 29466980 PMCID: PMC5822600 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-018-2913-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is no clear evidence as to whether the co-location of primary care professionals in the same facility positively influences their way of working and the quality of healthcare as perceived by patients. The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between general practitioner (GP) co-location with other GPs and/or other professionals and the GP outcomes and patients’ experiences. Methods We wanted to test whether GP co-location is related to a broader range of services provided, the use of clinical governance tools and inter-professional collaboration, and whether the patients of co-located GPs perceive a better quality of care in terms of accessibility, comprehensiveness and continuity of care with their GPs. The source of data was the QUALICOPC study (Quality and Costs of Primary Care in Europe), which involved surveys of GPs and their patients in 34 countries, mostly in Europe. In order to study the relationships between GP co-location and both GPs’ outcomes and patients’ experience, multilevel linear regression analysis was carried out. Results The GP questionnaire was filled in by 7183 GPs and the patient experience questionnaire by 61,931 patients. Being co-located with at least one other professional is the most common situation of the GPs involved in the study. Compared with single-handed GP practices, GP co-location are positively associated with the GP outcomes. Considering the patients’ perspective, comprehensiveness of care has the strongest negative relationship of GP co-location of all the dimensions of patient experiences analysed. Conclusions The paper highlights that GP mono- and multi-disciplinary co-location is related to positive outcomes at a GP level, such as a broader provision of technical procedures, increased collaboration among different providers and wider coordination with secondary care. However, GP co-location, particularly in a multidisciplinary setting, is related to less positive patient experiences, especially in countries with health systems characterised by a weak primary care structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bonciani
- Laboratorio Management e Sanità, Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy.
| | - W Schäfer
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research-NIVEL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Barsanti
- Laboratorio Management e Sanità, Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Heinemann
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Fulda, Fulda, Germany
| | - P P Groenewegen
- Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research-NIVEL, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Sociology, Department of Human Geography, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|