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Choufani A, Barakat R. The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Lebanese Mothers Toward Their Children's Oral Health: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Cureus 2023; 15:e42903. [PMID: 37664336 PMCID: PMC10474875 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Lebanese mothers toward their children's oral health, examine the association between the three variables, and identify their predictors. METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was administered to Lebanese mothers residing in Lebanon with children aged six months to 12 years between April and May 2022. The survey was administered to mothers from various geographical areas who presented to academic medical centers, private clinics, and dispensaries. The survey gathered sociodemographic data as well as assessed the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the participating mothers toward their children's oral health. RESULTS A total of 357 responses were included in the final analysis. The mean age of mothers was 32.67 years +/- 6.35. The majority of mothers had one or two children (35.8% and 37.5%, respectively). More than two-thirds of the mothers were unemployed. Only 13% of the mothers followed best practices for their children's dental health, while 48.6.2% possessed above-average knowledge and 88.9% had great attitudes. Mothers with a university education had higher knowledge, better attitudes, and practice scores than those with school-level education (elementary, high school). Employed mothers had a significantly better knowledge score (p=0.036) and practice score (p=0.043) than unemployed mothers. The decrease in the number of children was associated with an increase in the maternal knowledge score. An increase in the mother's age was associated with a higher knowledge score. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest the need for targeted oral health education programs for Lebanese mothers to enhance their attitudes and practices toward their children's oral health. It highlights the importance of early oral health interventions and emphasizes the significant role of mothers in promoting good oral health practices for their children. Further research is needed on a larger scale to comprehensively understand these variables and inform the development of appropriate national oral health programs for children in Lebanon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Choufani
- Pediatric and Public Health Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN
| | - Rasseel Barakat
- Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, Private Practice, Windsor, CAN
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Gudipaneni RK, Alruwaili MFO, Ganji KK, Karobari MI, Kulkarni S, Metta KK, Assiry AA, Israelsson N, Bawazir OA. Sociobehavioural Factors Associated With Child Oral Health During COVID-19. Int Dent J 2023; 73:280-287. [PMID: 36641343 PMCID: PMC9742219 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify the sociobehavioural factors that influenced children's oral health during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The online cross-sectional study was conducted in Al Jouf Province in the northern region of Saudi Arabia. A total of 960 parents of children aged 5 to 14 years were invited by multistage stratified random sampling. Descriptive, multinomial, and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate odds ratios and determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Of the 960 participants, 693 (72.1%) reported that their child had 1 or more untreated dental decay. The children of uneducated parents were 1.6-fold more likely to have 1 or more untreated dental decay (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.66; 95% CI, 0.74-3.73; P < .001). The children of unemployed parents were 4.3-fold more likely to have a financial burden for a child dental visit (AOR, 4.34; 95% CI, 2.73-6.89; P < .001). Parents from a rural area were 26.3-fold more likely to have spent a lag period of over 2 years since their child's last dental visit (AOR, 26.34; 95% CI, 7.48-92.79; P < .001). Nursery-level children were 5.4-fold more likely to need immediate care (AOR, 5.38; 95% CI, 3.01-9.60; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated a very high prevalence of 1 or more untreated dental decay in our cohort. Children of rural areas, uneducated, unemployed, widow/divorced, low- and middle-income parents and nursery school children were linked to poorly predictive outcomes of child oral health during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Gudipaneni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Division, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Kiran Kumar Ganji
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontics Division, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Al Jouf, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sachin Kulkarni
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kiran Kumar Metta
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, Ibn Sina National College For Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Assiry
- Preventive Dental Science Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Omar A Bawazir
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry Division, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al Jouf, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Mohammed HM, Mehari MA, Asgedom AA. Predictors of low dental service utilization among school children in Mekelle, Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:41. [PMID: 36698181 PMCID: PMC9875511 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental service utilization is important for maintaining and enhancing children's oral health status. However, there is paucity of information regarding dental service utilization and factors affecting it among school aged children in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the dental service utilization and associated factors among school aged children (6-15) years in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia. METHODS A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Mekelle city of Northern Ethiopia from January 2016 to June 2016. A multi-stage sampling method was used to select 405 school children. A modified World Health Organization oral health assessment form for children was used to collect data. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions with 95% CI were used to test the association between past-year dental service utilization, as an outcome variable, and parental socio-demographic, and child characteristics as independent variables. RESULTS A total of 398 school children participated in the study. The overall dental service utilization among these children was (10.6%), 95% Confidence Interval (CI) (7.5%, 13.6%). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, maternal educational status (illiterate versus college and above (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 0.13, 95% CI 0.01, 0.93)), higher monthly income (AOR 11.69, 95% CI 1.19, 114.61)), and having dental pain (AOR 50.8, 95% CI 17.8, 145.17)) were significantly associated with past year dental service utilization. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that a small proportion of the study population visited a dentist in the past year. Maternal educational status, monthly income, and dental pain were associated with past year dental service utilization. Oral health education programs focusing on dental service utilization targeting school children are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayat Maeruf Mohammed
- grid.472243.40000 0004 1783 9494College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, P.O. Box 50, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Mihret-ab Mehari
- grid.30820.390000 0001 1539 8988College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Akeza Awealom Asgedom
- grid.30820.390000 0001 1539 8988Department of Environmental Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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Sawhney S, Vu T, Chen F, Wong K, Zafar S, Lopez Silva CP. Association between disability status and dental attendance patterns in Australian children: A national survey. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2022; 51:443-451. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seerat Sawhney
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre The University of Queensland Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Theresa Vu
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre The University of Queensland Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Fiona Chen
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre The University of Queensland Herston Queensland Australia
| | - Kingsley Wong
- Child Disability, Telethon Kids Institute University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Sobia Zafar
- School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre The University of Queensland Herston Queensland Australia
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Kalyoncu IÖ, Özcan G, Kargül B. Oral health practice and health-related quality of life of a group of children during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Istanbul. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:313. [PMID: 34667813 PMCID: PMC8459848 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1311_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the pandemic period of coronavirus disease, appropriate oral health management and disease prevention of children are very important for children's oral and general health. The aim of this study was to survey to better understand in children's dental health and dietary habits and to learn about parents' attitudes toward dental treatment and clinical factors associated with their QoL using the Turkish version of KIDSCREEN-10 during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the general public. MATERIALS AND METHODS A two-part questionnaire, namely Part 1 addressed topics regarding changes in general and dental health, dietary habits of children under quarantine, and sociodemographic characteristics of the family and Part 2 impact of QoL was assessed by the KIDSCREEN-10 scale with 10 questions. The questionnaire was sent online using WhatsApp to a convenience sample of mothers with children between the age group of 8 and 18 years, who lived in Istanbul. Variables were statistically analyzed using the Student's t-test for independent samples and Univariate F-test, ANOVA according to the characteristics of variables which were analyzed. RESULTS This study included 328 from 557 mothers with 58% respondent rate. The consumption of fast food, packaged food, and carbonated beverages decreased during the COVID-19 outbreak. Half of the mothers of children reported that they were anxious or fearful about their children visiting dentists during the pandemic and 64.2% of the children missed routine dental visits. The KIDSCREEN-10 scores for 13 years old or older children were influenced more by the COVID-19 pandemic than those for the 8-12 years old, who had a better QoL (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study emphasize the importance of oral health and QoL of children during the initial phase of the COVID-19 outbreak. The general perception of QoL in this group of Turkish children seemed to be substantially affected by COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işıl Özgül Kalyoncu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Özcan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Betül Kargül
- Faculty of Dentistry, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Alhareky M, Nazir MA. Dental Visits and Predictors of Regular Attendance Among Female Schoolchildren in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2021; 13:97-104. [PMID: 33762854 PMCID: PMC7982434 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s300108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Regular dental visits are important for the maintenance of optimal oral health and improved quality of life. The purpose of the study was to evaluate patterns of dental visits and factors associated with routine dental attendance among female schoolchildren in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 449 female primary schoolchildren (6–11 years old) in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. The study included clinical examination for decay in the first permanent molars in children and questionnaire administration among their parents. The World Health Organization’s oral health questionnaire was used to collect data about children’s dental visits, oral hygiene behaviors, dental problems, and dietary practices. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with routine dental visits. Results Most children (64.1%) visited the dentist during the past one year, 22.1% performed no dental visit during the past one year, and 8.3% never visited the dentist. Among children who visited the dentist, the pain was the most common reason for dental visits (39.10%, N=170), followed by routine dental check-ups (18.60%, N=81). In bivariate analysis, education of parents, family income, daily tooth brushing, no decay in the first permanent molar, no toothache, no consumption of soft drinks, biscuits, cakes, and cream were significantly associated with routine dental attendance (P <0.05). However, the final logistic regression model showed that university education of mothers (OR 2.52, P = 0.005), not having toothache or discomfort (OR 2.88, P = 0.001), tooth brushing once or twice daily (OR 2.43, P= 0.034), and not consuming soft drinks (OR 1.96, P= 0.027) were significant predictors of routine dental visits. Conclusion The study found that higher education of mothers, daily tooth brushing, not having dental pain, and not consuming soft drinks were significantly associated with routine dental visits in this sample of female schoolchildren. Routine dental attendance may be used to improve oral hygiene and reduce dental pain and consumption of soft drinks in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhanad Alhareky
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ashraf Nazir
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Arora A, Nargundkar S, Fahey P, Joshua H, John JR. Social determinants and behavioural factors influencing toothbrushing frequency among primary school children in rural Australian community of Lithgow, New South Wales. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:403. [PMID: 32859256 PMCID: PMC7456049 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to determine the social determinants and behavioural factors influencing frequency of toothbrushing among primary school children residing in the rural community of Lithgow in New South Wales, Australia. All six primary schools of Lithgow were approached to participate in a cross-sectional survey prior to implementation of water fluoridation. A validated oral health survey questionnaire was completed by 703 parents of the children. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to determine significant predictors associated with frequency of toothbrushing. Results Parents with a positive attitude towards water fluoridation had 74% higher odds (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.17–2.60) of their children brushing twice or more daily. Children living in a single parent household had 34% reduced odds (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.43–0.99) of brushing twice daily. Poor maternal oral health was significantly associated with suboptimal dental hygiene practices in children, where mothers who had any tooth extracted had 7% reduced odds of their children brushing their teeth twice or more daily (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.97). Subsequently, children with increased consumption of chocolates per day were less likely to brush twice or more daily. Finally, children with dental insurance had two times higher odds (OR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.40–2.96) of brushing twice daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Arora
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, 24.2.97 Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. .,Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. .,Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia. .,Oral Health Services, Sydney Local Health District and Sydney Dental Hospital, NSW Health, Surry Hills, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Subrat Nargundkar
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, 24.2.97 Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Paul Fahey
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, 24.2.97 Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Hema Joshua
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, 24.2.97 Campbelltown Campus, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - James Rufus John
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,Rozetta Institute, Rozetta Institute (Formerly Capital Markets Cooperative Research Centre), The Rocks, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Kannan SP, Alfahaid SF, Alharbi AS, Almutairi BS, Alanazi AH, Alsaab FA, Alatallah SS, Aldhuwayhi SD. Oral Hygiene Behavior of School Children in Saudi Arabia: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Survey. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020; 13:66-71. [PMID: 32581483 PMCID: PMC7299887 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Oral health is an integral part of general health, and good knowledge and oral hygiene practices are the key to achieving oral health. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and oral hygiene practices of school children in Saudi Arabia and the need for dental health education and intervention. Materials and methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among male school children (n = 451), aged 6–12 years, in the Al-Zulfi region of Saudi Arabia. Participants were included in this study using one-stage cluster sampling. The subjects completed a questionnaire, and the oral hygiene index-simplified was recorded. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results Only 41.9% of the children had good oral hygiene. Of the sampled children, 72.7% used a toothbrush and toothpaste, but only 2.2% were aware of dental floss; 62.7% children brushed for 1–2 minutes and had good oral hygiene, but 55.9% of children had no knowledge about periodontal health. Only 30.1% parents observed their children during tooth brushing. Conclusion Use of a toothbrush and toothpaste is the most commonly used and most effective oral hygiene aid. Brushing twice a day for 1–2 minutes seems to be effective. Oral health care education should be included in the school curriculum, and a parental awareness program is needed to emphasize their role in the dental health of their children. How to cite this article Kannan SPK, Alfahaid SF, Alharbi AS, et al. Oral Hygiene Behavior of School Children in Saudi Arabia: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Survey. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(1):66–71.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramania Pk Kannan
- Department of Dental Education, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman F Alfahaid
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Alharbi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader S Almutairi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman H Alanazi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alsaab
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud S Alatallah
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami D Aldhuwayhi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Nazir MA. Predictors of Routine Dental Check-up Among Male Adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Acta Stomatol Croat 2019; 53:255-263. [PMID: 31749457 PMCID: PMC6820442 DOI: 10.15644/asc53/3/7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the association of socioeconomic factors and self-perceived oral conditions with routine dental check-up among male adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on male children (grade 10-12) from public schools in different cities of the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. A multistage random sampling was used for the recruitment of study participants. A piloted questionnaire translated into the Arabic language was used for data collection. Results There were 586 students with mean age 16.86±0.87 years. The prevalence of routine dental visit within last year was 18.9%. Half of the entire sample had dental cavities (50.5%) and tooth sensitivity (50%) followed by dental pain (42.2%). Bivariate analyses found that the children with dental cavities (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.26, 0.61), dental pain (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.41, 0.97), and malodor (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23, 0.71) had significantly lower odds of routine dental visits than those without these conditions. The final model of multivariable logistic regression showed that dental cavities (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.27, 0.66) and malodor (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25, 0.78) were significantly associated with lower likelihood of visiting dental office for a regular dental check-up. No significant influence of socioeconomic factors on routine dental attendance was observed. Conclusions A small proportion of children performed routine dental visits. The children with dental cavities and malodor were less likely to perform routine dental visits. The awareness about the importance of regular dental check-up should be raised to reduce the burden of oral diseases in schoolchildren.
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Goldfeld S, Francis KL, Hoq M, Do L, O'Connor E, Mensah F. The Impact of Policy Modifiable Factors on Inequalities in Rates of Child Dental Caries in Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16111970. [PMID: 31163687 PMCID: PMC6604007 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16111970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Poor oral health in childhood can lead to adverse impacts later in life. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and population distribution of childhood dental caries in Australia and investigate factors that might ameliorate inequalities. Methods: Data from the nationally representative birth cohort Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (N = 5107), using questions assessing: The experience of dental caries during each biennial follow-up period (2–3 years to 10–11 years), socioeconomic position (SEP), and policy modifiable oral health factors. Results: The odds of dental caries were higher for children with lowest vs. highest SEP (adjusted OR (adjOR) 1.92, 95% CI 1.49–2.46), and lower where water was fluoridated to recommended levels (adjOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.43–0.64). There was no evidence of an association between caries experience and either reported sugary diet or tooth brushing. When SEP and fluoridation were considered in conjunction, compared to the highest SEP group with water fluoridation children in the lowest SEP with fluoridation had adjOR 1.54 for caries, (95% CI 1.14–2.07), and children in the lowest SEP without fluoridation had adjOR 4.06 (95% CI 2.88–5.42). For patterns of service use: The highest SEP group reported a greater percentage of service use in the absence of caries. Conclusions: Dental caries appears prevalent and is socially distributed in Australia. Policy efforts should consider how to ensure that children with dental caries receive adequate prevention and early care with equitable uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Goldfeld
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia.
| | - Kate Louise Francis
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia.
| | - Monsurul Hoq
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia.
| | - Loc Do
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia.
| | - Elodie O'Connor
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia.
| | - Fiona Mensah
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia.
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne 3052, Australia.
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Xu M, Yuan C, Sun X, Cheng M, Xie Y, Si Y. Oral health service utilization patterns among preschool children in Beijing, China. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:31. [PMID: 29510716 PMCID: PMC5838987 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0494-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utilization of oral health services in children remains at a relatively low level in China. However, little is known about the utilization patterns and related factors. The objective of this study was to explore the patterns of oral health service utilization and to determine the related factors among preschool children in Beijing, China, based on the Andersen behavioral model. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1425 preschool children aged 2 to 6 years was carried out in five kindergartens in Beijing, China. A questionnaire investigation of parents/caregivers was performed to collect information on oral health service utilization. Oral health needs were evaluated through oral health examinations. Chi-square tests, t-tests, multivariate logistic regression and negative binomial regression were used in this study to identify the variables associated with oral health service utilization. RESULTS In total, 648 (45.5%) children had utilized oral health services in the past 12 months, while 24.3% had utilized preventive oral health services. Routine checkups and receiving preventive measures accounted for 63.2% of the children who utilized oral health services in the past 12 months. Children were more likely to have utilized oral health services in the past 12 months if they attended kindergartens with regular oral health care resources, if their oral health status as perceived by their parents/parents was "fair" or "poor", if they had more decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) and if they had experienced more dental pain. In addition, children with more dental pain and more access to oral health services, whose oral health status was perceived by parents/caregivers as worse tended to have utilized oral health services more frequently in the past 12 months. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we found a strong association between access to regular oral health care resources and oral health service utilization among preschool children. Children whose oral health status was perceived by parents/caregivers as worse and who had more dental pain were more likely to have utilized oral health services in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Xu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Menglin Cheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyi Xie
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Si
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Factors Associated with Dental Caries in Primary Dentition in a Non-Fluoridated Rural Community of New South Wales, Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14121444. [PMID: 29168780 PMCID: PMC5750863 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14121444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental caries persists as one of the most prevalent chronic diseases among children worldwide. This study aims to determine factors that influence dental caries in primary dentition among primary school children residing in the rural non-fluoridated community of Lithgow, New South Wales, Australia. A total of 495 children aged 5–10 years old from all the six primary schools in Lithgow were approached to participate in a cross-sectional survey prior to implementation of water fluoridation in 2014. Following parental consent, children were clinically examined for caries in their primary teeth, and parents were requested to complete a questionnaire on previous fluoride exposure, diet and relevant socio-demographic characteristics that influence oral health. Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the independent risk factors of primary dentition caries. Overall, 51 percent of children had dental caries in one or more teeth. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, child’s age (Adjusted Odd’s Ratio (AOR) = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.14–1.49) and mother’s extraction history (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.40–3.00) were significantly associated with caries experience in the child’s primary teeth. In addition, each serve of chocolate consumption was associated with 52 percent higher odds (AOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.19–1.93) of primary dentition caries.
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Lee CY, Ting CC, Wu JH, Lee KT, Chen HS, Chang YY. Dental visiting behaviours among primary schoolchildren: Application of the health belief model. Int J Dent Hyg 2017; 16:e88-e95. [PMID: 28984068 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop and validate a new instrument based on the health belief model and to use the instrument to investigate the determinants of regular dental attendance among primary schoolchildren. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using a newly developed measurement scale based on the HBM, 4 health-promoting schools participated in the study and 958 students studying in grades 4-6 completed the questionnaire. The psychometric properties of the instrument were analysed, and a path analysis model was used to identify the determinants of regular dental attendance. RESULTS The instrument had good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.826-0.925) and a factor structure identical to HBM. Overall, the schoolchildren's health beliefs on caries treatment were positive. The determinants of regular dental visit were school location (β = -0.13), mother's education level (β = 0.15), susceptibility (β = -0.18) and barriers (β = -0.11). CONCLUSION This study provided evidence that HBM is applicable to children's dental visiting behaviour and their health beliefs towards adherence to caries treatment. Although children had a positive attitude towards dental visits, environmental obstacles would interfere with dental visits. The newly developed instrument could be used to identify high-risk children and help design oral health interventions for these children. Moreover, policy makers should increase the accessibility of dental resources to enhance the utilization of dental care among schoolchildren.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Lee
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - C-C Ting
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - J-H Wu
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Division of Family Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - K-T Lee
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Division of Family Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - H-S Chen
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Y-Y Chang
- Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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