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Ren X, Shao M, Xie Z, Li X, Ma H, Fan D, Zhao J, Wei Q. A Co-Reactive Immunosensor Based on Ti 3C 2T x MXene@TiO 2-MoS 2 Hybrids Promoting luminol@Au@Ni-Co NCs Electrochemiluminescence for CYFRA 21-1 Detection. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1992-1999. [PMID: 38536770 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
The construction of assays is capable of accurately detecting cytokeratin-19 (CYFRA 21-1), which is critical for the rapid diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer. In this work, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor based on the co-reaction promotion of luminol@Au@Ni-Co nanocages (NCs) as ECL probe by Ti3C2Tx MXene@TiO2-MoS2 hybrids as co-reaction accelerator was proposed to detect CYFRA 21-1. Ni-Co NCs, as a derivative of Prussian blue analogs, can be loaded with large quantities of Au NPs, luminol, and CYFRA 21-1 secondary antibodies due to their high specific surface area. To further improve the sensitivity of the developed ECL immunosensor, Ti3C2Tx MXene@TiO2-MoS2 hybrids were prepared by in situ growth of TiO2 nanosheets on highly conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene, and MoS2 was homogeneously grown on Ti3C2Tx MXene@TiO2 surfaces by the hydrothermal method. Ti3C2Tx MXene@TiO2-MoS2 hybrids possess excellent catalytic performance on the electro-redox of H2O2 generating more O2·- and obtaining optimal ECL intensity of the luminol/H2O2 system. Under the appropriate experimental conditions, the quantitative detection range of CYFRA 21-1 was from 0.1 pg mL-1 to 100 ng mL-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.046 pg mL-1. The present sensor has a lower LOD with a wider linear range, which provides a new analytical assay for the early diagnosis of small-cell-type lung cancer labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Mingyue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Zuoxun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China
| | - Hongmin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Jinxiu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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Toivola DM, Polari L, Schwerd T, Schlegel N, Strnad P. The keratin-desmosome scaffold of internal epithelia in health and disease - The plot is thickening. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 86:102282. [PMID: 38000362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Keratin (K) intermediate filaments are attached to desmosomes and constitute the orchestrators of epithelial cell and tissue architecture. While their relevance in the epidermis is well recognized, our review focuses on their emerging importance in internal epithelia. The significance of keratin-desmosome scaffolds (KDSs) in the intestine is highlighted by transgenic mouse models and individuals with inflammatory bowel disease who display profound KDS alterations. In lung, high K8 expression defines a transitional cell subset during regeneration, and K8 variants are associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Inherited variants in desmosomal proteins are overrepresented in idiopathic lung fibrosis, and familiar eosinophilic esophagitis. K18 serum fragments are established hepatocellular injury markers that correlate with the extent of histological inflammation. K17 expression is modified in multiple tumors, and K17 levels might be of prognostic relevance. These data should spur further studies on biological roles of these versatile tissue protectors and efforts on their therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Toivola
- Cell Biology, Biosciences and InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Lauri Polari
- Cell Biology, Biosciences and InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tobias Schwerd
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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Ebihara T, Matsubara T, Togami Y, Matsumoto H, Tachino J, Matsuura H, Kojima T, Sugihara F, Seno S, Okuzaki D, Hirata H, Ogura H. Combination of WFDC2, CHI3L1, and KRT19 in Plasma Defines a Clinically Useful Molecular Phenotype Associated with Prognosis in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:286-298. [PMID: 36331721 PMCID: PMC9638294 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is now a common disease, but its pathogenesis remains unknown. Blood circulating proteins reflect host defenses against COVID-19. We investigated whether evaluation of longitudinal blood proteomics for COVID-19 and merging with clinical information would allow elucidation of its pathogenesis and develop a useful clinical phenotype. METHODS To achieve the first goal (determining key proteins), we derived plasma proteins related to disease severity by using a first discovery cohort. We then assessed the association of the derived proteins with clinical outcome in a second discovery cohort. Finally, the candidates were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a validation cohort to determine key proteins. For the second goal (understanding the associations of the clinical phenotypes with 28-day mortality and clinical outcome), we assessed the associations between clinical phenotypes derived by latent cluster analysis with the key proteins and 28-day mortality and clinical outcome. RESULTS We identified four key proteins (WFDC2, GDF15, CHI3L1, and KRT19) involved in critical pathogenesis from the three different cohorts. These key proteins were related to the function of cell adhesion and not immune response. Considering the multicollinearity, three clinical phenotypes based on WFDC2, CHI3L1, and KRT19 were identified that were associated with mortality and clinical outcome. CONCLUSION The use of these easily measured key proteins offered new insight into the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and could be useful in a potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ebihara
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsunehiro Matsubara
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Togami
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisatake Matsumoto
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Jotaro Tachino
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsuura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Osaka Prefectural Nakakawachi Emergency and Critical Care Center, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Kojima
- Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sugihara
- Core Instrumentation Facility, Immunology Frontier Research Center and Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeto Seno
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Hirata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogura
- Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Osborn J, Mourya R, Thanekar U, Su W, Fei L, Shivakumar P, Bezerra JA. Serum Proteomics Uncovers Biomarkers of Clinical Portal Hypertension in Children With Biliary Atresia. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:995-1004. [PMID: 34962102 PMCID: PMC9035582 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with biliary atresia (BA) often develop portal hypertension (PHT) and its complications, which are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study was to identify serum biomarkers of PHT by using large-scale proteomics. We applied the slow off-rate modified aptamer scan (SOMAscan) to measure 1,305 proteins in serum samples of children with BA with and without clinical evidence of PHT in validation and discovery cohorts enrolled in the Biliary Atresia Study of Infants and Children. Serum proteomics data was analyzed using logistic regression to identify protein(s) with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) ≥ 0.90. Immunostaining was used to characterize the cellular localization of the new biomarker proteins in liver tissues. We identified nine proteins in the discovery cohort (n = 40 subjects) and five proteins in the validation cohort (n = 80 subjects) that individually or in combination predicted clinical PHT with AUROCs ≥ 0.90. Merging the two cohorts, we found that semaphorin 6B (SEMA6B) alone and three other protein combinations (SEMA6B+secreted frizzle protein 3 [SFRP3], SEMA6B+COMM domain containing 7 [COMMD7], and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 [VCAM1]+BMX nonreceptor tyrosine kinase [BMX]) had AUROCs ≥ 0.90 in both cohorts, with high positive- and negative-predictive values. Immunostaining of the new protein biomarkers showed increased expression in hepatic endothelial cells, cholangiocytes, and immune cells within portal triads in BA livers with clinical PHT compared to healthy livers. Conclusion: Large-scale proteomics identified SEMA6B, SFRP3, COMMD7, BMX, and VCAM1 as biomarkers highly associated with clinical PHT in BA. The expression of the biomarkers in hepatic epithelial, endothelial, and immune cells support their potential role in the pathophysiology of PHT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Osborn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Reena Mourya
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Unmesha Thanekar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Weizhe Su
- Division of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Lin Fei
- Division of Biostatistics and EpidemiologyCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA.,Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Pranavkumar Shivakumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA.,Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Jorge A Bezerra
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA.,Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA
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Atkinson SR, Aly M, Remih K, Tyson LD, Guldiken N, Goldin R, Quaglia A, Thursz M, Strnad P. Serum keratin 19 (CYFRA21-1) is a prognostic biomarker in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Liver Int 2022; 42:1049-1057. [PMID: 35220651 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Up to 30% of patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH) die within 3 months of presentation. The degree of ductular reaction, characterized by accumulation of biliary and liver progenitor cells, confers a poor prognosis. Keratin fragments are established serological surrogates of liver injury and keratin 19 (K19) is a histological marker of the ductular reaction. We assessed the relationship between serum K19 levels (viz. CYFRA21-1), histology and outcome in patients with sAH. METHODS Serum CYFRA21-1 was quantified in pre-treatment serum samples from 824 patients enrolled in the STOPAH trial. The cohort was randomly divided into two groups to test mortality associations; histological analyses were performed using the 87 cases with suitable samples. RESULTS CYFRA21-1 levels were elevated in sAH and strongly predicted alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) on biopsy (area under the receiver operated characteristic [AUROC] 0.785 [95% Confidence Interval 0.602-0.967]) and 90-day survival (AUROC 0.684/0.693). The predictive ability of CYFRA21-1 was comparable with the model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and was independently associated with survival in multivariable analysis. CYFRA21-1 moderately correlated with hepatocellular injury markers M30/M65 but displayed a more robust predictive ability. A combination of MELD and CYFRA21-1 conferred a modest improvement in the AUROC value (0.731/0.743). CONCLUSIONS In sAH serum, CYFRA21-1 levels associate with the presence of ASH on biopsy and independently predict 90-day survival. As a single marker performance is comparable to established scoring systems. Therefore, CYFRA21-1, which is available in many clinical laboratories, may become a useful component of prognostic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Rahul Atkinson
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mahmoud Aly
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Katharina Remih
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Luke David Tyson
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nurdan Guldiken
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Goldin
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alberto Quaglia
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Mark Thursz
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
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