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Assefa GA, Teklue T, Hagazi M, Mezgebe G, Aregawi WG, Tesfaye AB. Goat flock abortion: a retrospective study at Abergelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray, Ethiopia. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:132. [PMID: 38566206 PMCID: PMC10985995 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small ruminants are the principal component of livestock production in Tigray region, Ethiopia. But their productivity is affected by various factors. According to farmers and expert observation, goat abortion is among the leading causes of production losses in Tanqua-Abergelle district. However, study findings that examine the extent of distribution and economic impact of abortion cases in goats in the district are scarce. This retrospective study investigated the occurrence of abortion and its associated risk factors in three goat breed types at Abergelle Agricultural Research Center goat breeding site over a seven year period. The study included a total of does above one year old, and data were collected from a casebook that was specifically prepared for abortion cases. A thorough follow up was conducted to identify abortion cases. Additionally, a community survey was conducted in selected villages where the research center is located. RESULTS The overall abortion proportion was 29.8% in the goat farm. Begait goat breeds had the highest abortion proportion (50.9%, CI 0.36-0.64) in 2015/16. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified year, season, age and breed as major risk factors of abortion occurrence at flock level. Accordingly, the likelihood of goats experiencing abortion during the dry season (proportion = 34) was 1.87 times higher compared to those in the wet season (proportion = 22.8). Begait breeds had a higher incidence of abortion (proportion 37.5%, OR 4.87, CI 2.49-10.35) compared to other breeds. Age was negatively associated with abortion, suggesting that older goats (OR = 0.67) had a higher relative risk than younger goats (OR = 0.57). Moreover, the study noted a high incidence of abortion during the years 2014/15 to 2016/17 (proportion = 35.7-39.7). Within-breed analysis revealed that age and season were significant risk factors for Abergelle and Begait breeds, respectively by using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. A community survey indicated that 89.7% households responded their goats experienced abortion. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the high prevalence of goat abortion at Abergelle and identifies important risk factors associated with its occurrence. The findings can inform targeted interventions to reduce abortion rates and improve goat productivity in the district.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guash Abay Assefa
- Abergelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Abi Adi, Tigray, Ethiopia.
| | - Teshale Teklue
- Mekelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Mebrahtom Hagazi
- Abergelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Abi Adi, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Gebretnsae Mezgebe
- Abergelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Abi Adi, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Weldegebrial G Aregawi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adehanom Baraki Tesfaye
- Mekelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray Agricultural Research Institute, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
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Li X, Xu X, Chen X, Li Y, Guo J, Gao J, Jiao X, Tang Y, Huang J. Prevalence and genetic characterization of Campylobacter from clinical poultry cases in China. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0079723. [PMID: 37847023 PMCID: PMC10714823 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00797-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Campylobacter is a major cause of campylobacteriosis worldwide, and poultry is the main reservoir for its transmission. Campylobacter was generally considered to be a harmless commensal organism in poultry without pathogenic properties. However, it was proposed that a Campylobacter-like organism may be the cause of vibrionic hepatitis, which poses a significant public health risk. The occurrence and epidemiology of Campylobacter in healthy poultry have been studied systematically, but little is known about the epidemiology of Campylobacter isolates from diseased poultry in China. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence and molecular characterization of Campylobacter from diseased chickens, ducks, and geese in Yangzhou Veterinary Hospital between December 2016 and September 2017, which was critical for improving the diagnosis and prevention of Campylobacter infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangxiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunlu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiale Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinan Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyue Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinlin Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Chen Y, Xiang Q, Peng F, Gao S, Yu L, Tang Y, Yang Z, Pu W, Xie X, Peng C. The mechanism of action of safflower total flavonoids in the treatment of endometritis caused by incomplete abortion based on network pharmacology and 16S rDNA sequencing. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116639. [PMID: 37201664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Safflower is a traditional Chinese medicine used for treating gynaecological diseases. However, its material basis and mechanism of action in the treatment of endometritis induced by incomplete abortion are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to reveal the material basis and mechanism of action of safflower in the treatment of endometritis induced by incomplete abortion through comprehensive methods, including network pharmacology and 16S rDNA sequencing. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to screen the main active components and potential mechanisms of action of safflower in the treatment of endometritis induced by incomplete abortion in rats. A rat model of endometrial inflammation by incomplete abortion was established. The rats were treated with safflower total flavonoids (STF) based on forecasting results, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines were analysed, and immunohistochemistry, Western blots, and 16S rDNA sequencing were performed to investigate the effects of the active ingredient and the treatment mechanism. RESULTS The network pharmacology prediction results showed 20 active components with 260 targets in safflower, 1007 targets related to endometritis caused by incomplete abortion, and 114 drug-disease intersecting targets, including TNF, IL6, TP53, AKT1, JUN, VEGFA, CASP3 and other core targets, PI3K/AKT, MAPK and other signalling pathways may be closely related to incomplete abortion leading to endometritis. The animal experiment results showed that STF could significantly repair uterine damage and reduce the amount of bleeding. Compared with the model group, STF significantly down-regulated the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, NO, TNF-α) and the expression of JNK, ASK1, Bax, caspase3, and caspase11 proteins. At the same time, the levels of anti-inflammatory factors (TGF-β and PGE2) and the protein expression of ERα, PI3K, AKT, and Bcl2 were up-regulated. Significant differences in the intestinal flora were seen between the normal group and the model group, and the intestinal flora of the rats was closer to the normal group after the administration of STF. CONCLUSIONS The characteristics of STF used in the treatment of endometritis induced by incomplete abortion were multi-targeted and involved multiple pathways. The mechanism may be related to the activation of the ERα/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway by regulating the composition and ratio of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiwen Xiang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, China; School of Pharmacy, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Gao
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yunli Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Pu
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, 611137, Chengdu, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Yaeger MJ, Sahin O, Plummer PJ, Wu Z, Stasko JA, Zhang Q. The pathology of natural and experimentally induced Campylobacter jejuni abortion in sheep. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021; 33:1096-1105. [PMID: 34311616 DOI: 10.1177/10406387211033293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe here the gross and microscopic lesions in 18 experimentally induced and 120 natural Campylobacter abortions. In natural Campylobacter abortions, gross lesions were reported infrequently; placentitis was recorded in 6% and hepatic lesions in 4% of our field cases. Placentitis was the microscopic lesion identified most consistently in natural abortions (93%) and was often observed in association with abundant bacterial colonies in chorionic villi (54%) and less often with placental vasculitis (13%). In natural abortions, suppurative fetal pneumonia (48%), necrosuppurative hepatitis (16%), and purulent meningitis (7%) were also observed. The better-preserved specimens from experimentally induced abortions were utilized to define placental changes more precisely. Placentitis was identified in all 18 experimentally induced abortions and was observed most consistently in the chorionic villus stroma (100%), often accompanied by suppurative surface exudate (89%). An inflammatory infiltrate was less commonly identified in the cotyledonary hilus (39%) and intercotyledonary placenta (22%). Bacteria were visualized in H&E-stained sections in 89% of placentas from experimentally infected ewes, primarily as well-demarcated bacterial colonies within subtrophoblastic, sinusoidal capillaries (89%), in the cotyledonary villus stroma (89%), and within the cytoplasm of trophoblasts (22%). Transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry confirmed that the vast majority of the well-demarcated bacterial colonies characteristic of Campylobacter abortion were within subtrophoblastic sinusoidal capillaries. The most characteristic microscopic lesions identified in cases of Campylobacter abortion in sheep were placentitis with placental bacterial colonies, placental vasculitis, and fetal pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Yaeger
- Departments of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Orhan Sahin
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Paul J Plummer
- Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Zuowei Wu
- Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Judith A Stasko
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Qijing Zhang
- Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Clune T, Beetson S, Besier S, Knowles G, Paskin R, Rawlin G, Suter R, Jacobson C. Ovine abortion and stillbirth investigations in Australia. Aust Vet J 2020; 99:72-78. [PMID: 33289077 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fetal loss and lamb mortality between mid-pregnancy and weaning are important economic and welfare issues for the Australian sheep industry. The aim of this study was to determine common causes of ovine abortion and stillbirths based on submissions to veterinary laboratories and identify factors that impact the determination of an aetiological diagnosis. Data for 529 investigations on abortion or stillbirth between 2000 and 2018 were retrieved from four state veterinary laboratories in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. An aetiological diagnosis was made for 57% of investigations. Investigations that included placental tissue samples were more than twice as likely to have an aetiological diagnosis compared to investigations without placenta (P = 0.017, 95% confidence interval 1.1, 4.5). Of the investigations where an aetiological diagnosis was made, 81% involved infectious abortion, with Campylobacter spp. (32%), Listeria spp. (25%) and Toxoplasma gondii (9%) being the three most common abortigenic pathogens implicated. The remaining 19% of investigations with an aetiological diagnosis included a wide range of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Diagnoses made varied year to year and between states. No evidence of exotic abortigenic pathogens were reported. Veterinary practitioners can improve the probability of an aetiological diagnosis by emphasising to farmers the importance of collecting any aborted material, especially placenta, and appropriate storage of the tissues until they can be submitted to the laboratory. Some diseases that cause abortion in Australian sheep have zoonotic potential, and veterinary practitioners play an important role in educating clients about appropriate hygiene when handling pregnant and lambing ewes or any aborted material.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Clune
- Centre for Animal Production and Health, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - S Beetson
- Centre for Animal Production and Health, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - S Besier
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Albany, Western Australia, 6330, Australia
| | - G Knowles
- Animal Health Laboratory, Mt Pleasant, Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment, Prospect, Tasmania, 7250, Australia
| | - R Paskin
- OMNI Animal Health Consultancy, Mount Barker, South Australia, 5251, Australia
| | - G Rawlin
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - R Suter
- Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Attwood, Victoria, 3049, Australia
| | - C Jacobson
- Centre for Animal Production and Health, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
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Šefcová M, Larrea-Álvarez M, Larrea-Álvarez C, Revajová V, Karaffová V, Koščová J, Nemcová R, Ortega-Paredes D, Vinueza-Burgos C, Levkut M, Herich R. Effects of Lactobacillus Fermentum Supplementation on Body Weight and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Expression in Campylobacter Jejuni-Challenged Chickens. Vet Sci 2020; 7:vetsci7030121. [PMID: 32872452 PMCID: PMC7557755 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7030121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the interest in using probiotic bacteria in poultry production, this research was focused on evaluating the effects of Lactobacillus fermentum Biocenol CCM 7514 administration on body weight gain and cytokine gene expression in chickens challenged with Campylobacter jejuni. One-hundred and eight 1-day old COBB 500 broiler chickens were equally assigned to four experimental groups at random. In the control group (C) chicks were left untreated, whereas in groups LB and LBCj a suspension of L. fermentum was administered. A suspension of C. jejuni was subsequently applied to groups Cj and LBCj. Body weight was registered, and the individuals were later slaughtered; cecum samples were collected at 12, 36 and 48 h post-infection (hpi). The entire experiment lasted seven days. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to determine expression levels of IL-1β, IL-15, IL-17, and IL-18 at each time point. Pathogen-infected individuals were observed to weigh significantly less than those fed with the probiotic. Significant differences were also found in transcript abundance; expression of IL-15 was downregulated by the probiotic and upregulated by C. jejuni. The effects of bacterial treatments were time-dependent, as the expression profiles differed at later stages. The present outcomes demonstrate that L. fermentum both reduces the impact of C. jejuni infection on chicken body weight and regulates positively pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, which ultimately increase bird well-being and improves production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Šefcová
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (V.R.); (V.K.); (M.L.); (R.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-907468978
| | - Marco Larrea-Álvarez
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay-Tech University Hacienda San José, Imbabura, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador;
| | - César Larrea-Álvarez
- Research Unit, Life Science Initiative (LSI), lsi-ec.com, Quito 170102, Ecuador; (C.L.-Á.); (D.O.-P.)
| | - Viera Revajová
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (V.R.); (V.K.); (M.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Viera Karaffová
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (V.R.); (V.K.); (M.L.); (R.H.)
| | - Jana Koščová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.K.); (R.N.)
| | - Radomíra Nemcová
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (J.K.); (R.N.)
| | - David Ortega-Paredes
- Research Unit, Life Science Initiative (LSI), lsi-ec.com, Quito 170102, Ecuador; (C.L.-Á.); (D.O.-P.)
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Transmitidas por Alimentos y Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos (UNIETAR), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170129, Ecuador;
| | - Christian Vinueza-Burgos
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Transmitidas por Alimentos y Resistencia a los Antimicrobianos (UNIETAR), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170129, Ecuador;
| | - Mikuláš Levkut
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (V.R.); (V.K.); (M.L.); (R.H.)
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Science, Dúbravská cesta 5779/9, 84510 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Róbert Herich
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (V.R.); (V.K.); (M.L.); (R.H.)
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Mariette F, Amrane S, Couteau C, Lagier JC, Eldin C. Campylobacter jejuni infection associated with miscarriage, a case report and literature review. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 141:103153. [PMID: 32570105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is recognized as a cause of miscarriage in animals, but rarely in humans. We describe here a case of spontaneous miscarriage at 12 weeks of gestation associated with Campylobacter jejuni bacteremia following digestive disorders. The patient was treated with azithromycin with good clinical evolution and underwent uterine aspiration during hospitalization. In our review of the literature, we found only 12 other miscarriages due to C. jejuni infections. Clinicians should consider this cause of miscarriage in febrile pregnant women, as the bacterium is resistant to many beta-lactam antibiotics, and macrolides are the first-line treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Mariette
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Marseille, Service De Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, France
| | - Sophie Amrane
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Marseille, Service De Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
| | - Cécile Couteau
- Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Marseille, Service De Gynécologie, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagier
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Marseille, Service De Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Carole Eldin
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux De Marseille, Service De Maladies Infectieuses Et Tropicales, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France
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8
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Lashley VD, Yaeger MJ, Ji J, Sahin O, Wu Z. Investigating the Suitability of a Laboratory Mouse Model to Study the Pathogenesis of Abortifacient Campylobacter jejuni. Vet Pathol 2019; 56:555-564. [PMID: 30895909 DOI: 10.1177/0300985819833452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether pregnant mice represent a useful model to study the reproductive pathology of Campylobacter jejuni IA3902 using the end point of positive microbial culture of the organism from the fetoplacental unit. Pregnant BALB/c and CD-1 mice (14 days' gestation) were inoculated orally and intraperitoneally (IP) with 1 × 109 colony-forming units/ml of C. jejuni IA3902. The organism was recovered by microbial culture from the fetoplacental unit in 10 of 10 BALB/c and 10 of 10 CD-1 IP-inoculated pregnant mice and in 29% (2/7) BALB/c and 38% (3/8) CD-1 orally inoculated pregnant mice. Gross reproductive lesions included necrosuppurative placentitis, fetal resorption, intrauterine fetal death, stillborn pups (dead neonates), and multifocal hepatitis. Histological changes consisted of locally extensive neutrophilic and necrotizing placentitis with intralesional bacterial colonies of C. jejuni, ulcerative endometritis, random multifocal hepatitis, and rare cholecystitis. Immunohistochemistry for the major outer membrane protein of C. jejuni revealed moderate to large numbers of the organism at the periphery of the placental discs, within trophoblasts and extracellularly, with invasion into the placental disc largely via the vascular network. The organism is trophic for neutral mucin, iron, and L-fucose within the murine placenta. C. jejuni IA3902 has affinity for the murine reproductive tract, specifically the fetoplacental unit, where it results in a necrotizing placentitis with positive microbial recovery after both IP and oral challenge in BALB/c and CD-1 pregnant mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael J Yaeger
- 2 Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ju Ji
- 3 Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Orhan Sahin
- 4 Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.,5 Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Zuowei Wu
- 5 Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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9
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Reichel MP, Wahl LC, Hill FI. Review of Diagnostic Procedures and Approaches to Infectious Causes of Reproductive Failures of Cattle in Australia and New Zealand. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:222. [PMID: 30333984 PMCID: PMC6176146 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious causes of reproductive failure in cattle are important in Australia and New Zealand, where strict biosecurity protocols are in place to prevent the introduction and spread of new diseases. Neospora caninum ranks highly as an important cause of reproductive wastage along with fungal and bacterial infections. Brucella, a leading cause of abortion elsewhere in the world, is foreign, following successful programs to control and eradicate the disease. Leptospirosis in cattle is largely controlled by vaccination, while Campylobacter and Tritrichomonas infections occur at low rates. In both countries, Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection rates as the second most economically important disease of cattle and one that also has an effect on reproduction. Effective disease control strategies require rapid diagnoses at diagnostic laboratories. To facilitate this process, this review will discuss the infectious causes of reproductive losses present in both countries, their clinical presentation and an effective pathway to a diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Reichel
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lloyd C Wahl
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Fraser I Hill
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Lúcio ÉC, Borges JDM, Batista Filho AF, Gouveia GV, Costa MMD, Mota RA, Pinheiro Junior JW. Ocorrência de ovinos portadores da infecção por Campylobacter spp. no estado de Pernambuco. PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-4895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RESUMO: Objetivou-se com este estudo determinar a ocorrência e os fatores de risco associados à infecção por Campylobacter spp. em criações de ovinos no estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foram coletadas 421 amostras fecais de ovinos procedentes de 20 rebanhos para o isolamento de Campylobacter spp. As espécies Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus e Campylobacter jejuni foram identificadas por Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR). Para análise dos fatores de risco foi realizada uma análise univariada e posteriormente regressão logística a partir de questionário com perguntas objetivas sobre o manejo higiênico-sanitário e reprodutivo. A ocorrência para Campylobacter spp. foi de 4,5% (19/421; I.C. 2,8% - 7,1%). Das 19 amostras positivas no cultivo, oito (1,9%; I.C. 0,9% - 3,9%) foram classificadas como C. fetus subsp. fetus e sete (1,7%; I.C. 0,7% - 3,6%) como C. jejuni, com co-infecção em quatro amostras (0,95%). O número de focos identificados foi de 35,0% (7/20) das criações de ovinos que apresentavam pelo menos um animal positivo. Na análise de regressão logística não foi identificada nenhuma das variáveis como fator de risco. Este é o primeiro registro da infecção por Campylobacter spp. em rebanhos ovinos no Nordeste do Brasil, concluindo-se que a infecção ocorre nesses rebanhos. Dessa forma, se faz necessário à implementação de medidas de controle e prevenção, para impedir a propagação do agente entre as criações, evitando prejuízos para ovinocultura e riscos para saúde pública, uma vez que a campilobacteriose é considerada uma zoonose emergente.
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Lan XY, Zhao SG, Zheng N, Li SL, Zhang YD, Liu HM, McKillip J, Wang JQ. Short communication: Microbiological quality of raw cow milk and its association with herd management practices in Northern China. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:4294-4299. [PMID: 28434737 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of raw milk with bacterial pathogens is potentially hazardous to human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the total bacteria count (TBC) and presence of pathogens in raw milk in Northern China along with the associated herd management practices. A total of 160 raw milk samples were collected from 80 dairy herds in Northern China. All raw milk samples were analyzed for TBC and pathogens by culturing. The results showed that the number of raw milk samples with TBC <2 × 106 cfu/mL and <1 × 105 cfu/mL was 146 (91.25%) and 70 (43.75%), respectively. A total of 84 (52.50%) raw milk samples were Staphylococcus aureus positive, 72 (45.00%) were Escherichia coli positive, 2 (1.25%) were Salmonella positive, 2 (1.25%) were Listeria monocytogenes positive, and 3 (1.88%) were Campylobacter positive. The prevalence of S. aureus was influenced by season, herd size, milking frequency, disinfection frequency, and use of a Dairy Herd Improvement program. The TBC was influenced by season and milk frequency. The correlation between TBC and prevalence of S. aureus or E. coli is significant. The effect size statistical analysis showed that season and herd (but not Dairy Herd Improvement, herd size, milking frequency, disinfection frequency, and area) were the most important factors affecting TBC in raw milk. In conclusion, the presence of bacteria in raw milk was associated with season and herd management practices, and further comprehensive study will be powerful for effectively characterizing various factors affecting milk microbial quality in bulk tanks in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Lan
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture (Beijing), Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunan Province, P. R. China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu Province, P. R. China
| | - S G Zhao
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture (Beijing), Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - N Zheng
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture (Beijing), Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - S L Li
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture (Beijing), Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Y D Zhang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture (Beijing), Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - H M Liu
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture (Beijing), Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - J McKillip
- Department of Biology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306
| | - J Q Wang
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture (Beijing), Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P. R. China.
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Abstract
Campylobacter includes a group of genetically diverse species causing a range of diseases in animals and humans. The bacterium is frequently associated with two economically important and epidemiologically distinct reproductive diseases in ruminants: enzootic infectious infertility in cattle owing to Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis and abortions in sheep, goats, and cattle. Septic abortion, usually epizootic in sheep, has been historically associated with C. fetus subsp. fetus and to a lesser extent with Campylobacter jejuni. However, there has been a dramatic species shift in the etiology of Campylobacter abortions in recent years: C. jejuni has now replaced C. fetus subsp. fetus as the predominant cause of sheep abortion in the United States, which appears to be driven primarily by clonal expansion of a hypervirulent tetracycline-resistant C. jejuni clone. Here we provide a review on the recent advances in understanding the pathobiology of Campylobacter infections in animals, with an emphasis on the diseases in ruminants, covering epidemiology, pathogenesis, genomics, and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Sahin
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011;
| | - Michael Yaeger
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011;
| | - Zuowei Wu
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; ,
| | - Qijing Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011; ,
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Jung K, Hu H, Saif LJ. Porcine deltacoronavirus induces apoptosis in swine testicular and LLC porcine kidney cell lines in vitro but not in infected intestinal enterocytes in vivo. Vet Microbiol 2015; 182:57-63. [PMID: 26711029 PMCID: PMC7117480 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of PDCoV induced cell death in vivo and in vitro were unknown. No PDCoV-infected enterocytes in vivo showed positive TUNEL staining. TUNEL-positive signals (apoptotic nuclear fragmentation) were found in infected LLC-PK and ST cells that also showed cytopathic effects. PDCoV does not induce apoptosis in infected enterocytes in vivo, but in LLC-PK and ST cells in vitro.
We compared the mechanisms of porcine delatacoronavirus (PDCoV) induced death of infected enterocytes in vivo and infected LLC porcine kidney (LLC-PK) and swine testicular (ST) cells in vitro. We conducted histologic analysis and immunofluorescence (IF) staining for the detection of PDCoV antigens, and TUNEL assay in singly or serially cut tissue sections from the small and large intestines of four, 11- to 14-day-old gnotobiotic pigs, inoculated orally with 8.8–11.0 log10 genomic equivalents (GE) of US PDCoV strains OH-FD22 or OH-FD100 (n = 3), or mock (n = 1). Similar comparative assays were done on LLC-PK and ST cells inoculated with the cell-adapted PDCoV strain OH-FD22-P44 (passage 44) in cell culture medium with 2.5–10 μg/ml of trypsin and 1% pancreatin, respectively. At post-inoculation days 3–4, infected pigs showed severe watery diarrhea and/or vomiting and mainly, diffuse, severe atrophic enteritis, with mild to moderate cytoplasmic vacuolation of the enteroctyes lining the atrophied villous epithelium. By IF, PDCoV antigens were evident in villous or crypt epithelial cells. No PDCoV antigen-positive, small and large intestinal villous or crypt epithelial cells, of which cytoplasm was also either vacuolated or morphologically normal, showed positive TUNEL staining. In contrast, by double IF and TUNEL staining, most of the TUNEL-positive signals (apoptotic nuclear fragmentation) were found in PDCoV antigen-positive LLC-PK and ST cells that also showed cytopathic effects, such as cell rounding, detachment and clumping in clusters. Secondary annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining revealed increased numbers of annexin V- or PI-positive LLC-PK and ST cells at 21 h after inoculation, compared to the negative controls. Thus, PDCoV does not induce apoptosis in the infected intestinal enterocytes in vivo, but in two infected cell lines of swine origin, LLC-PK and ST cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwonil Jung
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA.
| | - Hui Hu
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA
| | - Linda J Saif
- Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, Ohio, USA.
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