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Barker EN, O'Halloran C, Gunn-Moore DA. Review canine tuberculosis - An emerging concern. Vet J 2024; 305:106111. [PMID: 38604331 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2024.106111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Canine mycobacterial disease was first recognised over 100 years ago but is now an emerging concern. All reported cases of tuberculous disease in dogs have been caused by infection with one of three Mycobacterium tuberculosis-complex (MTBC) organisms (M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, and Mycobacterium microti). Molecular PCR and interferon-gamma release assays offer alternative or complementary diagnostic pathways to that of specialist culture, which is limited by availability, sensitivity, and the time it takes to get a result. Optimised triple antimicrobial protocols offer an excellent chance of a successful outcome in dogs where treatment can be considered and is attempted. In this review, the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of canine tuberculosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi N Barker
- Langford Vets, University of Bristol, Langford BS40 5DU, United Kingdom; Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford BS40 5DU, United Kingdom.
| | - Conor O'Halloran
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Danièlle A Gunn-Moore
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
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2
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Encinas M, Ferrara Muñiz X, Sammarruco RA, Ruiz Menna V, Garro CJ, Delgado F, Macías A, Magnano G, Zumárraga MJ, Garbaccio SG, Eirin ME. Limited usefulness of the IS 6110 touchdown-PCR in blood for tuberculin skin test false-negative cattle with serological response to Mycobacterium bovis. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1359205. [PMID: 38835898 PMCID: PMC11149419 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1359205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Ante-mortem diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is based mainly on the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the ɣ-IFN release assay (IGRA). Some infected animals escape screening tests, thus, limit herd sanitation. Previous reports have suggested a predominant pattern of multi-organ lesions attributable to Mycobacterium bovis (the causative agent of bTB) bacteraemia. A case-control study was conducted to investigate blood PCR as an alternative tool for improving ante-mortem detection of TST false-negative bovines. Cases comprised 70 TST false-negative bovines (cases), which were serology positive, and controls included 81 TST positive bovines; all of them confirmed as infected with M. bovis. Detection of the IS6110 target through touchdown blood-PCR (IS6110 TD-PCR) was performed. The positivity of the blood-PCR was 27.2% in the control group. This performance was similar to the 15% obtained among cases (p = 0.134). Most cases identified by the IS6110 TD-PCR exhibited focalized lesions (p = 0.002). Results demonstrated that blood-PCR could detect TST false-negative cattle, even if they are negative for IGRA. Considering that cases exhibited humoral response to M. bovis, further studies conducted in a pre-serological stage could provide evidence about the real contribution of the technique in herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Encinas
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo) UEDD CONICET-INTA, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA)-CNIA, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Ximena Ferrara Muñiz
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo) UEDD CONICET-INTA, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA)-CNIA, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Romina Ayelén Sammarruco
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), UEDD CONICET-INTA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Victoria Ruiz Menna
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), UEDD CONICET-INTA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Carlos Javier Garro
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), UEDD CONICET-INTA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Fernando Delgado
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), UEDD CONICET-INTA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Analía Macías
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Magnano
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Martín José Zumárraga
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo) UEDD CONICET-INTA, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA)-CNIA, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Sergio Gabriel Garbaccio
- Instituto de Patobiología Veterinaria (IPVET), UEDD CONICET-INTA, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), INTA-CONICET, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - María Emilia Eirin
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo) UEDD CONICET-INTA, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA)-CNIA, Hurlingham, Argentina
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3
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Wangmo K, Gurung RB, Choden T, Letho S, Pokhrel N, Lungten L, Zangmo T, Peldon S, Chedup K, Kumar SJ, Dorji T, Tshering S, Dorji K, Tenzin T. Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine tuberculosis in cattle in Eastern Bhutan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012223. [PMID: 38805568 PMCID: PMC11161125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic zoonotic disease affecting cattle of all age groups including wild animals. It poses a significant threat to public health and high economic losses to dairy farmers. While the disease has been eradicated from most of the developed countries through extensive surveillance, testing and culling strategy, it is endemic in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East countries. Currently, there is limited research regarding the prevalence of bTB in cattle in Bhutan. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of bTB in cattle in six districts of eastern Bhutan. A two-stage probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling strategy was used to determine the number of animals from which serum samples needed to be collected in each district and sub-district. All farms and cattle for sampling were randomly selected from the data in the annual livestock census of 2020. The samples were tested using bTB ELISA test kit. The seroprevalence and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Logistic regression models were constructed to assess the influence of various individual animal and environmental risk factors (breed, age, sex, source of animal, body condition scores of animals, respiratory system status) associated with sero-positivity in animals. The study revealed an apparent seroprevalence of 2.57% (25/971 cattle; 95% CI:1.58-3.57), with an estimated true seroprevalence of 0.91% (95% CI: 0.0-2.81). However, none of the variables were found to be significantly associated with bTB seroprevalence in cattle. We recommend, further sampling and employment of confirmatory testing to fully ascertain the extent of bTB in the cattle herds in eastern Bhutan for prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karma Wangmo
- Regional Livestock Development Centre, Department of Livestock, Khangma, Trashigang, Bhutan
| | - Ratna B Gurung
- National Centre for Animal Health, Department of Livestock, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Tshering Choden
- District Veterinary Hospital, Department of Livestock, Lhuentse, Bhutan
| | - Sangay Letho
- Regional Livestock Development Centre, Department of Livestock, Khangma, Trashigang, Bhutan
| | - Narayan Pokhrel
- District Veterinary Hospital, Department of Livestock, Mongar, Bhutan
| | - Lungten Lungten
- Regional Livestock Development Centre, Department of Livestock, Khangma, Trashigang, Bhutan
| | - Tashi Zangmo
- Regional Livestock Development Centre, Department of Livestock, Khangma, Trashigang, Bhutan
| | - Sonam Peldon
- National Centre for Animal Health, Department of Livestock, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Kinzang Chedup
- District Veterinary Hospital, Department of Livestock, Samdrup Jongkhar, Bhutan
| | | | - Thinley Dorji
- Kanglung Hospital, Ministry of Health, Trashigang, Bhutan
| | - Sangay Tshering
- Trashiyangtse hospital, Ministry of Health, Trashiyangtse, Bhutan
| | - Kinzang Dorji
- Eastern Regional Referral Hospital, Ministry of Health, Mongar, Bhutan
| | - Tenzin Tenzin
- National Centre for Animal Health, Department of Livestock, Thimphu, Bhutan
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4
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O’Brien A, Hayton A, Cutler K, Adler A, Shaw DJ, Clarke J, Watt N, Harkiss GD. Diagnostic accuracy of the Enferplex Bovine TB antibody test using individual milk samples from cattle. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301609. [PMID: 38687765 PMCID: PMC11060599 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis is usually diagnosed using tuberculin skin tests or at post-mortem. Recently, we have developed a serological test for bovine tuberculosis in cattle which shows a high degree of accuracy using serum samples. Here, we have assessed the performance of the test using individual bovine milk samples. The diagnostic specificity estimate using the high sensitivity setting of the test was 99.7% (95% CI: 99.2-99.9). This estimate was not altered significantly by tuberculin boosting. The relative sensitivity estimates of the test using the high sensitivity setting in milk samples from comparative skin test positive animals was 90.8% (95% CI: 87.1-93.6) with boosting. In animals with lesions, the relative sensitivity was 96.0% (95% CI: 89.6-98.7). Analysis of paired serum and milk samples from skin test positive animals showed correlation coefficients ranging from 0.756-0.955 for individual antigens used in the test. Kappa analysis indicated almost perfect agreement between serum and milk results, while McNemar marginal homogeneity analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the two media. The positive and negative likelihood ratio were 347.8 (95% CI: 112.3-1077.5) and 0.092 (95% CI: 0.07-0.13) respectively for boosted samples from skin test positive animals. The results show that the test has high sensitivity and specificity in individual milk samples and thus milk samples could be used for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Keith Cutler
- Synergy Farm Health, Maiden Newton, Dorset, United Kingdom
| | - Andy Adler
- Synergy Farm Health, Maiden Newton, Dorset, United Kingdom
| | - Darren J. Shaw
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies & The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - John Clarke
- Enfer Scientific, Naas, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Neil Watt
- MV Diagnostics Ltd, Roslin Innovation Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon D. Harkiss
- MV Diagnostics Ltd, Roslin Innovation Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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5
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Moens C, Saegerman C, Fretin D, Marché S. Field evaluation of two commercial serological assays for detecting bovine tuberculosis. Res Vet Sci 2023; 159:125-132. [PMID: 37126914 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle is challenging due to complex immune host response to infection that limit the performance of available diagnostic tests. In this study, performance of two commercial serological assays developed to detect bovine tuberculosis were evaluated: Enferplex Bovine TB antibody kit including 11 antigens (EnferGroup, Ireland) and IDEXX M. bovis Ab kit (IDEXX, USA). The specificity value obtained with the ELISA IDEXX M. bovis Ab test was 97.1%, whereas it was 97.1% and 95.1% for the high specificity and sensitivity settings, respectively, with the Enferplex Bovine TB antibody kit. The sensitivity of the multiplexed Enferplex Bovine TB antibody test for SICCT-positive animals was higher (N = 172; 51.7% and 58.7% with high specificity and sensitivity settings, respectively) compared to the ELISA IDEXX M. bovis Ab test (sensitivity of 36.6%). "Antigen profiles" generated by the multiplexed Enferplex method showed that five out of 11 antigens present in the test were mostly identified as positive sera in cattle originating from bTB-outbreaks. In comparison, unique profiles appeared to be correlated with false positive results. However additional studies are needed to confirm the observed antigen profiles, and their potential use as an additional diagnostic tool. Serial interpretation of the two serological tests produced higher diagnostic specificity (>99%), reducing false positive results, which is essential for a screening test when the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Moens
- Veterinary Bacteriology Service, Sciensano, Brussels B-1050, Belgium; Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Claude Saegerman
- Research Unit in Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiège), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, University of Liège, Liège B-4000, Belgium
| | - David Fretin
- Veterinary Bacteriology Service, Sciensano, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Marché
- Veterinary Bacteriology Service, Sciensano, Brussels B-1050, Belgium.
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6
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Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of feline tuberculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2023; 255:110538. [PMID: 36543013 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cases of feline tuberculosis (TB) can be challenging to diagnose. Currently, this is achieved through a combination of mycobacterial culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), or interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA); however, these each have limitations. There is limited data regarding the use of humoral immunodiagnostics for TB in cats. Therefore, we sought to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to further facilitate the diagnosis of feline TB. A comparative PPD (purified protein derivative) antibody ELISA was optimised for use on serum and plasma, and was tested against samples from 14 cats with culture-confirmed TB and 24 uninfected controls. Selection of an appropriate positive cut-off value based on receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis gave test sensitivity of 64.3 % and specificity of 100 %. When tested on further samples from cats with strongly suspected mycobacteriosis, 32.9 % (23/70) were antibody positive. Notably, positive results were recorded in cats that failed to respond to the IGRA, and in one PCR and IGRA negative cat. No positive responses were identified in cats with non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections, or with non-mycobacterial diseases (n = 12). Therefore, antibody-based diagnostics may be useful adjunctive tests for cases of TB missed by the IGRA, helping protect both feline and, in turn, human health.
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7
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Sridhara AA, Johnathan-Lee A, Elahi R, Lambotte P, Esfandiari J, Boschiroli ML, Kerr TJ, Miller MA, Holder T, Jones G, Vordermeier HM, Marpe BN, Thacker TC, Palmer MV, Waters WR, Lyashchenko KP. Differential detection of IgM and IgG antibodies to chimeric antigens in bovine tuberculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2022; 253:110499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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8
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Cooke DM, Goosen WJ, Witte C, Miller MA. Field evaluation of the tuberculin skin test for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex infection in communal goats (Capra hircus) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2022; 252:110486. [PMID: 36116328 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In South Africa, animal tuberculosis (TB) control programs predominantly focus on domestic cattle and African buffaloes (Syncerus caffer) despite increasing global reports of tuberculosis in goats (Capra hircus). Left undetected, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) infected goats may hinder TB eradication efforts in cattle and increase zoonotic risk to humans. Since the publication of animal TB testing guidelines in 2018, prescribing the use of the tuberculin skin test (TST) for goats in South Africa by the Department of Agriculture, Land Reform, and Rural Development (DALRRD), there have been no published reports of any field application of the prescribed test criteria in goat herds. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of these DALRRD guidelines using the single intradermal cervical tuberculin test (SICT) and the single intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin test (SICCT). Between October and December 2020, 495 goats from communal pastures of Kwa-Zulu Natal (KZN), where M. bovis infection has been identified in cattle and where cattle and goats cohabitate, were tested using the SICT and SICCT (M. bovis-exposed group). Additionally, 277 goats from a commercial Saanen dairy herd, with no history of M. bovis, were also tested (M. bovis-unexposed group). Estimated apparent prevalence of TST positive goats was determined based on published test interpretation criteria as described by DALRRD. When proportions of test-positive goats were compared between different DALRRD criteria, the ≥ 4 mm cut-off criterion for the SICCT resulted in the lowest proportion of positive results in the presumably uninfected group (1/277 positive in the unexposed group). The apparent prevalence of TB in the exposed group was estimated at 3.0% (95% CI: 1.7-4.9%), which is similar to previous reports of M. bovis prevalence in cattle from this area (6%). The detection of a significantly greater proportion of SICCT positive goats in the M. bovis-exposed group compared to the unexposed group suggests that MTBC infection is present in this population. Further investigations should be undertaken, in conjunction with confirmatory molecular tests, mycobacterial culture, and advanced pathogen sequencing to establish whether MTBC infection in domestic goats is a true under-recognized threat to the eradication of animal TB in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M Cooke
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South Africa.
| | - Wynand J Goosen
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South Africa.
| | - Carmel Witte
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South Africa; Conservation Science Wildlife Health, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, San Diego, CA, United States.
| | - Michele A Miller
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South Africa.
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Hashem Z, Soliman R, Aziz MAE, Badr Y, Aboul-ella H. Development of a monoclonal antibodies-based interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for rapid and accurate diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1918522/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis is an infectious and chronic disease affecting cattle, caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The zoonotic nature of the disease has a serious worldwide impact on human health. Also, the significant economic costs caused by such disease in addition to the deficiency of precise estimate of the actual disease prevalence necessitate more efficient detection and control measures, particularly in developing countries. The main target of the present work was to develop a local, less expensive bovine tuberculosis interferon-gamma ELISA (Bo-IFN-γ ELISA) kit for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. In the current study, three murine hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against bovine interferon-gamma (Bo-IFN-γ) were developed and their monoclonal antibodies were characterized. The produced mAbs were of IgM isotype and its specificity was proved using the western blot technique. The prepared mAbs were used for the development of the bovine IFN- γ ELISA test that was evaluated for laboratory diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. The sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA kit as compared with the standard tuberculin skin test was determined. This method is based on the measurement of IFN-γ released from sensitized bovine lymphocytes upon exposure to the mycobacterial antigens. Using checkerboard titration, the optimal coating concentration of anti- Bo-IFN-γ was 20µg/well. Blood samples from apparently healthy cattle proved negative in the tuberculin test were examined with the developed kit and the cut-off value (COV) was equal to 0.30 optical density (OD). In a preliminary study for evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA, 23 cattle were examined with both the Bo-IFN-γ ELISA and the standard tuberculin skin test. The developed Bo-IFN-γ ELISA showed high sensitivity (98%) and specificity (71.4%) in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis as compared to the standard tuberculin skin test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Hashem
- VAC-SERA company for the production of vaccines and biological preparations
| | | | - Mona Abd El Aziz
- The National Institute of Laser enhanced Sciences, Cairo University
| | - Yehia Badr
- The National Institute of Laser enhanced Sciences, Cairo University
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10
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Sridhara AA, Johnathan-Lee A, Elahi R, Sikar-Gang A, Lambotte P, Esfandiari J, de Juan L, Gortazar C, Marpe BN, Thacker TC, Palmer MV, Waters WR, Lyashchenko KP. Potential for improved detection of bovine tuberculosis by targeting combined blood biomarkers in multi-test algorithms. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2022; 248:110419. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Development and evaluation of a multi-antigen serological assay for the intra-vitam diagnosis of Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis in pigs. J Immunol Methods 2022; 503:113234. [PMID: 35149055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2022.113234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis, affecting cattle and other mammalian species, such as pigs. In the present work, we developed a novel multi-antigen assay (The TB-Luminex multiplex test) to diagnose bTB in pig sera. Moreover, we investigated the seroreactivity to the different antigens employed (MPB83, MPB70, CFP10 and ESAT6) and the possible correlation with bTB lesions distribution in the positive pigs. The serum samples were collected from 59 bTB positive pigs and 186 pigs reared in an officially Tuberculosis free area. Sera were processed according to an optimized protocol for the detection of antibodies by a multiantigen assay using Luminex technology. The positive group showed visible lesions with localized (54.2%) or generalized (45.8%) distribution. Culture confirmed the infection in 62.7% of the cases, and histopathology and intra-vitam assays were used as additional confirmatory tests. Within the set of antigens tested, the immunodominant was MPB83 (positive in 94.9% of the affected pigs), followed by CFP10, MPB70 and ESAT6 (positivity shown in 81.3%, 67.8% and 25.4% of the positive pigs tested, respectively). The best antigens combination was MPB83/CFP10, with a 96.6% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity. Overall, the test showed high sensitivity (98.3% and 86.4%) and specificity (96.2% and 97.8%), if sera were considered positive according to the positivity to a single antigen or at least two antigens, respectively. The TB-Luminex multiplex test results did not give significantly different outcomes according to lesions distribution. Given the present study results, the TB-Luminex multiplex test is a reliable test capable of detecting bTB in most infected pigs with good Se and Sp, regardless of the stage of the disease. In conclusion, multi-antigen tests can be used as individual tests and screening tools for domestic and wild suids within bTB eradication programs.
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12
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Alvarez AH. Revisiting tuberculosis screening: An insight to complementary diagnosis and prospective molecular approaches for the recognition of the dormant TB infection in human and cattle hosts. Microbiol Res 2021; 252:126853. [PMID: 34536677 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is defined as a chronic infection in both human and cattle hosts and many subclinical cases remain undetected. After the pathogen is inhaled by a host, phagocyted bacilli can persist inside macrophages surviving intracellularly. Hosts develop granulomatous lesions in the lungs or lymph nodes, limiting infection. However, bacilli become persister cells. Immunological diagnosis of TB is performed basically by routine tuberculin skin test (TST), and in some cases, by ancillary interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). The concept of human latent TB infection (LTBI) by M. tuberculosis is recognized in cohorts without symptoms by routine clinical diagnostic tests, and nowadays IGRA tests are used to confirm LTBI with either active or latent specific antigens of M. tuberculosis. On the other hand, dormant infection in cattle by M. bovis has not been described by TST or IGRA testing as complications occur by cross-reactive immune responses to homolog antigens of environmental mycobacteria or a false-negative test by anergic states of a wained bovine immunity, evidencing the need for deciphering more specific biomarkers by new-generation platforms of analysis for detection of M. bovis dormant infection. The study and description of bovine latent TB infection (boLTBI) would permit the recognition of hidden animal infection with an increase in the sensitivity of routine tests for an accurate estimation of infected dairy cattle. Evidence of immunological and experimental analysis of LTBI should be taken into account to improve the study and the description of the still neglected boLTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel H Alvarez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. (CIATEJ), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Av. Normalistas 800 C.P. 44270, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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13
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Lyashchenko KP, Sikar-Gang A, Sridhara AA, Johnathan-Lee A, Elahi R, Lambotte P, Esfandiari J, Duthie M, Reed SG, Jones G, Vordermeier HM, Thacker TC, Palmer MV, Waters WR. Novel polyprotein antigens designed for improved serodiagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 240:110320. [PMID: 34479106 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated potential for serologic assays to improve surveillance and control programs for bovine tuberculosis. Due to the animal-to-animal variation of the individual antibody repertoires observed in bovine tuberculosis, it has been suggested that serodiagnostic sensitivity can be maximized by use of multi-antigen cocktails or genetically engineered polyproteins expressing immunodominant B-cell epitopes. In the present study, we designed three novel multiepitope polyproteins named BID109, TB1f, and TB2f, with each construct representing a unique combination of four full-length peptides of Mycobacterium bovis predominantly recognized in bovine tuberculosis. Functional performance of the fusion antigens was evaluated using multi-antigen print immunoassay (MAPIA) and Dual Path Platform (DPP) technology with panels of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies generated against individual proteins included in the fusion constructs as well as with serum samples from M. bovis-infected and non-infected cattle, American bison, and domestic pigs. It was shown that epitopes of each individual protein were expressed in the fusion antigens and accessible for efficient binding by the respective antibodies. The three fusion antigens demonstrated stronger immunoreactivity in MAPIA than that of single protein antigens. Evaluation of the fusion antigens in DPP assay using serum samples from 125 M. bovis-infected and 57 non-infected cattle showed the best accuracy (∼84 %) for TB2f antigen composed of MPB70, MPB83, CFP10, and Rv2650c proteins. Thus, the study results suggest a potential for the multiepitope polyproteins to improve diagnostic sensitivity of serologic assays for bovine tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alina Sikar-Gang
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | - Archana A Sridhara
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | | | - Rubyat Elahi
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | - Paul Lambotte
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | - Javan Esfandiari
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | | | - Steven G Reed
- Infectious Disease Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gareth Jones
- Tuberculosis Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, UK
| | | | - Tyler C Thacker
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Mitchell V Palmer
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - W Ray Waters
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
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14
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Lyashchenko KP, Sikar-Gang A, Sridhara AA, Johnathan-Lee A, Elahi R, Greenwald R, Lambotte P, Esfandiari J, Roos EO, Kerr TJ, Miller MA, Thacker TC, Palmer MV, Waters WR. Use of blood matrices and alternative biological fluids for antibody detection in animal tuberculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 239:110303. [PMID: 34314936 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) control programs can be improved by implementation of advanced ante-mortem testing algorithms. Serodiagnostic methods using traditional blood or blood-derived specimens may benefit from the use of less invasive alternative biological fluids, provided those mirror systemic antibody responses. In the present study, we used Dual Path Platform (DPP) and Multiantigen Print Immunoassay (MAPIA) to compare antibody levels in ten sample types including whole blood (fresh and hemolyzed), plasma (fresh and leftover from Bovigam testing), serum, saliva, broncho-alveolar lavage, urine, diaphragm extract, and bile collected from cattle aerosol-infected with Mycobacterium bovis. High correlation (r = 0.97-0.99) in measurements of IgG antibodies to MPB70/MPB83 fusion antigen by DPP assay was found between all blood-derived specimens, supporting matrix equivalency. Broncho-alveolar lavage and diaphragm extract yielded positive results in all the infected animals tested, showing high correlation with matching serum data (r = 0.94 and r = 0.95, respectively) and suggesting their potential use in antibody assays. Characterized by MAPIA, the antigen reactivity patterns obtained with paired sera and alternative specimens were nearly identical, with slight differences in intensity. Antibodies were also found by DPP assay in saliva, urine, and bile from some of the infected animals, but the titers were relatively low, thus reducing the diagnostic value of such specimens. The proposed approach was evaluated in a pilot field study on warthogs diagnosed with M. bovis infection. Relative levels of antibody in tissue fluid obtained from lymph nodes or lungs were consistent with those detected in sera and detectable in all infected warthogs. The findings support the diagnostic utility of non-traditional biological fluids and tissue samples when used as alternative test specimens in serologic assays for bTB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alina Sikar-Gang
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | - Archana A Sridhara
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | | | - Rubyat Elahi
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | - Rena Greenwald
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | - Paul Lambotte
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | - Javan Esfandiari
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, NY, 11763, USA
| | - Eduard O Roos
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa; The Pirbright Institute, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya J Kerr
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Michele A Miller
- Department of Science and Innovation-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - Tyler C Thacker
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Mitchell V Palmer
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - W Ray Waters
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
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15
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Jolma ER, Delahay RJ, Smith F, Drewe JA. Serologic responses correlate with current but not future bacterial shedding in badgers naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:1922-1932. [PMID: 34109755 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis is a challenging cattle disease with substantial economic costs in affected countries. Eradication in parts of the United Kingdom and Ireland is hindered by transmission of the causative agent Mycobacterium bovis between cattle and European badgers (Meles meles). Diagnostic tests in badgers are of limited accuracy but may help us understand and predict disease progression. This study aimed to determine the practical ability of a commercially available serologic test, the Dual Path Platform VetTB assay (DPP), to predict mycobacterial shedding (i.e. infectiousness) and disease progression in badgers, and whether test outcomes were associated with re-capture. Clinical samples collected from 2014 to 2019 from a wild, naturally infected population of badgers in southwest England were tested using mycobacterial culture (from sputum, urine, faeces, abscesses and bite wounds), an interferon-gamma release assay and the DPP assay. Data were analysed at both individual badger and social group levels using generalised linear and cumulative-link mixed models, and linear regression. Only the highest DPP readings [optical density relative light unit (RLU) levels] were associated with mycobacterial shedding [odds ratio (OR) for DPP levels > 100 RLU in individual badgers: 79.6, 95%CI: 14.7-848; and for social groups: OR: 7.28, 95%CI: 2.94-21.44; compared with levels < 100 RLU]. For individual badgers, RLU levels at first capture were not associated with disease progression at subsequent captures. Finally, badgers with very high DPP levels (> 1000 RLU) were four times less likely to be recaptured (OR: 0.24, 95%CI: 0.07-0.83) than those without a detectable DPP response, which might indicate enhanced mortality. We conclude that DPP levels of > 100 RLU identify badgers that are likely to be shedding M. bovis. Levels of > 1000 RLU identify badgers that are much less likely to be re-captured. These results provide insights into the potential value of existing tests in intervention strategies for managing M. bovis in badgers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elli R Jolma
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, UK.,Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Richard J Delahay
- National Wildlife Management Centre, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodchester Park, Nympsfield, Gloucestershire, UK
| | - Freya Smith
- National Wildlife Management Centre, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodchester Park, Nympsfield, Gloucestershire, UK
| | - Julian A Drewe
- Veterinary Epidemiology, Economics and Public Health Group, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
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16
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Carneiro PAM, de Moura Sousa E, Viana RB, Monteiro BM, do Socorro Lima Kzam A, de Souza DC, Coelho AS, Filho JDR, Jordao RS, Tavares MRM, Kaneene JB. Study on supplemental test to improve the detection of bovine tuberculosis in individual animals and herds. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:137. [PMID: 33789652 PMCID: PMC8011399 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02839-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), is a worldwide disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). The success of bTB eradication and control programs is based on early detection and the removal of reactors from a herd thus routine testing and cull strategy have been applied globally. Since the late nineteenth century, the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) has been the primary antemortem test available to support bTB eradication campaigns. Due to the TST limitations in terms of Se and Sp, the credibility of the diagnosis is frequently questioned given the occurrence of false-positive and false-negative reactions, therefore, it is necessary to confirm reactive animals using other methods, ensuring the reliability of the diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) relative to the tuberculin test used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle in Brazil. RESULTS Lack of agreement between comparative cervical tuberculin test and ELISA IDEXX TM was observed. The 2 animals positive on the comparative cervical tuberculin test did not react at the ELISA IDEXX TM and 22 negative reactors by comparative cervical tuberculin test were positive by the ELISA IDEXX TM. The ELISA IDEXX TM showed sensitivity that is significantly lower than the official screening test the single cervical tuberculin. ELISA IDEXX TM also detected infected animals and herds undetected by the comparative cervical tuberculin test. The parallel use of comparative cervical tuberculin test and ELISA IDEXX TM increased sensitivity and the feasibility bTB screening. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained here suggest that the ELISA IDEXX TM may be a supplemental test for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in regions without routine testing and slaughter, where the disease generally progresses to more advanced stages and antibody responses are likely to be more prevalent. Evidence to support the validation of the ELISA IDEXX™ as a supplemental test for bTB eradication programs was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Alex Machado Carneiro
- Amazonas State Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Manaus East Zone Campus (IFAM/ CMZL), Manaus, Brazil.,Center for Comparative Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | | | - Rinaldo Batista Viana
- Graduate Program in Animal Reproduction, Institute of Health and Animal Production, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belem, Brazil
| | - Bruno Moura Monteiro
- Graduate Program in Animal Reproduction, Institute of Health and Animal Production, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belem, Brazil
| | | | - Damazio Campos de Souza
- Research Group on Andrology, Artificial Insemination, Health and Genetic Improvement of Cattle and Buffaloes, Amazon, Brazil
| | - Anderson Silva Coelho
- Graduate Program in Animal Reproduction, Institute of Health and Animal Production, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belem, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - John B Kaneene
- Center for Comparative Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA.
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17
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Didkowska A, Krajewska-Wędzina M, Bielecki W, Brzezińska S, Augustynowicz-Kopeć E, Olech W, Anusz K, Sridhara AA, Johnathan-Lee A, Elahi R, Miller MA, Ray Waters W, Lyashchenko KP. Antibody responses in European bison (Bison bonasus) naturally infected with Mycobacterium caprae. Vet Microbiol 2020; 253:108952. [PMID: 33370619 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium caprae, a member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, infects humans and animals causing lesions and disease like that of Mycobacterium bovis. The aim of this study was to evaluate antibody responses in European Bison (EB, Bison bonasus; a vulnerable species) naturally infected with M. caprae using dual path platform (DPP) BovidTB test and multi-antigen print immunoassay (MAPIA). Study cohorts consisted of naturally M. caprae-infected EB (n = 4), M. caprae-exposed but uninfected (n = 3), EB infected with non-tuberculous mycobacteria or other respiratory pathogens (n = 3), and negative controls (n = 19). M. caprae-infected EB were seropositive by both DPP and MAPIA; 3/4 were seropositive by DPP; and 4/4 were seropositive by MAPIA. One M. caprae-infected animal that developed generalized disease with most advanced gross lesions in the group produced the most robust antibody response. All 25 EB with no culture-confirmed M. caprae infection, including three animals exposed to M. caprae and three other animals infected with non-tuberculous pathogens, were seronegative on both tests. Antibody responses to M. caprae infection included IgM antibodies against MPB70/MPB83 and IgG antibodies to both MPB70/MPB83 and CFP10/ESAT-6. This study demonstrates the potential for use of serological assays in the ante-mortem diagnosis of M. caprae infection in EB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Didkowska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Krajewska-Wędzina
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów 57, 24-100, Puławy, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bielecki
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Brzezińska
- Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Płocka 26, 01-138, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć
- Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, Płocka 26, 01-138, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wanda Olech
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Anusz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Archana A Sridhara
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, New York, 11763, USA
| | - Ashley Johnathan-Lee
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, New York, 11763, USA
| | - Rubyat Elahi
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., 3661 Horseblock Road, Medford, New York, 11763, USA
| | - Michele A Miller
- Department of Science and Technology-National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa
| | - W Ray Waters
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, Iowa, 50010, USA
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18
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Alonso N, Griffa N, Moyano RD, Mon ML, Colombatti Olivieri MA, Barandiaran S, Vivot MM, Fiorini G, Canal AM, Santangelo MP, Singh M, Romano MI. Development of a lateral flow immunochromatography test for the rapid detection of bovine tuberculosis. J Immunol Methods 2020; 491:112941. [PMID: 33321133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Detection of specific antibodies would be a useful test strategy for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) as a complement to the single skin test. We developed a lateral flow immunochromatography (LFIC) test for rapid bTB detection based on the use of a conjugate of gold nanoparticles with a recombinant G protein. After evaluating 3 Mycobacterium bovis (MB) antigens: ESAT-6, CFP-10 and MPB83 for the control line, we selected MPB83 given it was the most specific. The performance of the test was analyzed with 820 bovine sera, 40 sera corresponding to healthy animals, 5 sera from animals infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and 775 sera of animals from herds with bTB. All these sera were also submitted to a validated bTB-ELISA using whole-cell antigen from MB. From the 775 sera of animals from herds with bTB, 87 sera were positive by the bTB-ELISA, 45 were positive by LFIC and only 5 animals were positives by skin test (TST). To confirm bTB infection in the group of TST (-), bTB-ELISA (+) and LFIC (+) animals, we performed postmortem examination in 15 randomly selected animals. Macroscopically, these 15 animals had numerous small and large yellow-white granulomas, characteristic of bTB, and the infection was subsequently confirmed by PCR in these tissues with lesions (gold standard). No false positive test result was detected with the developed LFIC either with the sera from healthy animals or from animals infected with MAP demonstrating that it can be a useful technique for the rapid identification of animals infected with bTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Alonso
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natanael Griffa
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roberto D Moyano
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maria L Mon
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Soledad Barandiaran
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Ana M Canal
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina
| | - María P Santangelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mahavir Singh
- LIONEX Diagnostics & Therapeutics GmbH, Braunschweig 38126, Germany
| | - María I Romano
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CONICET-INTA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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19
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Lyashchenko KP, Sridhara AA, Johnathan-Lee A, Sikar-Gang A, Lambotte P, Esfandiari J, Bernitz N, Kerr TJ, Miller MA, Waters WR. Differential antigen recognition by serum antibodies from three bovid hosts of Mycobacterium bovis infection. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 69:101424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2020.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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20
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Krajewska-Wędzina M, Didkowska A, Sridhara AA, Elahi R, Johnathan-Lee A, Radulski Ł, Lipiec M, Anusz K, Lyashchenko KP, Miller MA, Waters WR. Transboundary tuberculosis: Importation of alpacas infected with Mycobacterium bovis from the United Kingdom to Poland and potential for serodiagnostic assays in detecting tuberculin skin test false-negative animals. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:1306-1314. [PMID: 31899584 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study highlights the transboundary nature of tuberculosis (TB) in alpacas and the failure of current antemortem testing protocols to identify TB-free alpaca herds and individuals for exportation. The tuberculin skin test (TST) failed to identify Mycobacterium bovis-infected animals prior to movement from the United Kingdom (UK) to Poland. This study describes the use of four serological assays [Enferplex Camelid TB, dual-path platform (DPP) VetTB and BovidTB assays, and multi-antigen print immunoassays (MAPIAs)] to detect TB in an alpaca herd with negative TST results. The breeding in Poland purchased alpacas for several years from the UK with the last group arriving in May 2018. In July 2018, two sick alpacas from the centre were hospitalized in a veterinary clinic and both died of TB a few weeks later. In November 2018, 20 alpacas remaining in this M. bovis-affected herd were euthanized and samples were collected. The study population included 20 M. bovis-infected and 20 uninfected alpacas, but only 15 infected animals were tested by all serology tests. The DPP VetTB and DPP BovidTB assays detected antibodies in 14 of the 20 infected alpacas, with results confirmed by MAPIA, and in none (MAPIA and DPP BovidTB) or one (DPP VetTB) of the 20 uninfected animals. None of the infected alpacas tested positive using the Enferplex assay. In addition, the group included three orphans and two cria-dam pairs, which provided an opportunity to analyse immune aspects of cria-mother relationships in this herd. The results suggest high susceptibility of this host species to M. bovis infection and rapid progression to disease. The serological tests used in this study offer useful tools for the detection of M. bovis infection in TST and Enferplex test non-reactive alpacas. These tests should be further evaluated for implementation into TB management and control strategies for camelid species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Didkowska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Rubyat Elahi
- Chembio Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Medford, NY, USA
| | | | - Łukasz Radulski
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Marek Lipiec
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Puławy, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Anusz
- Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Michele A Miller
- Department of Science and Technology, National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Wade R Waters
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, IA, USA
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21
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Lyashchenko KP, Vordermeier HM, Waters WR. Memory B cells and tuberculosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2020; 221:110016. [PMID: 32050091 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2020.110016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Immunological memory is a central feature of adaptive immunity. Memory B cells are generated upon stimulation with antigen presented by follicular dendritic cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues. This process typically involves class-switch recombination and somatic hypermutation and it can be dependent or independent on germinal centers or T cell help. The mature B cell memory pool is generally characterized by remarkable heterogeneity of functionally and phenotypically distinct sub-populations supporting multi-layer immune plasticity. Memory B cells found in human patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis include IgD+ CD27+ and IgM+ CD27+ subsets. In addition, expansion of atypical memory B cells characterized by the lack of CD27 expression and by inability to respond to antigen-induced re-activation is documented in human tuberculosis. These functionally impaired memory B cells are believed to have adverse effects on host immunity. Human and animal studies demonstrate recruitment of antigen-activated B cells to the infection sites and their presence in lung granulomas where proliferating B cells are organized into discrete clusters resembling germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs. Cattle studies show development of IgM+, IgG+, and IgA+ memory B cells in M. bovis infection with the ability to rapidly differentiate into antibody-producing plasma cells upon antigen re-exposure. This review discusses recent advances in research on generation, re-activation, heterogeneity, and immunobiological functions of memory B cells in tuberculosis. The role of memory B cells in post-skin test recall antibody responses in bovine tuberculosis and implications for development of improved immunodiagnostics are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H Martin Vordermeier
- Tuberculosis Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom; Institute for Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom
| | - W Ray Waters
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, USA
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22
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Griffa N, Moyano RD, Canal AM, Travería GE, Santangelo MP, Alonso N, Romano MI. Development and diagnostic validation of an ELISA based on an antigenic mixture for the detection of bovine tuberculosis. Vet J 2020; 256:105426. [PMID: 32113584 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Programs for the eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) focus on the tuberculin skin test (TST) and slaughter of reactor cattle. However, the disease remains an animal health concern in several countries and improving the efficiency of the TST has become a critical issue. The detection of Mycobacterium bovis antibodies in serum, within weeks after the TST, may be a rapid and inexpensive way to improve bTB control. This study reports the validation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect bovine tuberculosis as an ancillary test to TST in dairy farms in Argentina. The estimated validation parameters were within the established requirements of the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). The test demonstrated high repeatability, with coefficients of variation <25%. High test reproducibility through interlaboratory testing was also found, with an estimated Pearson coefficient of 0.9648 (95% confidence intervals 0.9315-0.9820). The ELISA detected tuberculous cattle unidentified by the TST. Of 43 animals sent to slaughterhouses that were ELISA positive 15-17 days after a negative TST, 36 were confirmed as infected with M. bovis by histopathology and IS6110 PCR. According to ROC curve analysis of results of 145 cattle from M. bovis-free herds and the 36 M. bovis-infected cattle, at a corrected optical density cut-off point of 0.3853, specificity was 95.95% and the positive predictive value at this cut-off was 83.72%. The ELISA detection test validated in this study could be readily applied in dairy farms, to complement a prior TST and improve livestock health.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Griffa
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Argentina
| | - R D Moyano
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Argentina
| | - A M Canal
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina
| | - G E Travería
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Veterinarias (CEDIVE) de la Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias - Universidad de la Plata, Argentina
| | - M P Santangelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Argentina
| | - N Alonso
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Argentina.
| | - M I Romano
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Argentina
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Garbaccio SG, Garro CJ, Delgado F, Tejada GA, Eirin ME, Huertas PS, Leon EA, Zumárraga MJ. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as complement of intradermal skin test for the detection of mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2019; 117:56-61. [PMID: 31378269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic tests based on cell-mediated immunity are used in programs for the control and eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), which is mainly caused by Mycobacterium bovis. Additional serological assays could be performed as an ancillary method to detect an infected animal that fails to produce an immune response against the intradermal reaction (IDR), the official bTB test. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that uses bovine PPD as a capture antigen as a complement to the IDR in herds with confirmed cases of bTB. The study was conducted in two stages. First, a panel of 200 serum samples was analyzed by ELISA. The sensitivity and specificity obtained were 60% and 99%, respectively. The subsequent stage consisted of evaluating 7,494 bovines from 14 selected dairy farms. The number of animals yielding a IDR negative/ELISA positive result were 200. A necropsy analysis of 33 of these IDR negative/ELISA positive animals revealed that 30 (91%) presented granulomatous lesions and positive M. bovis isolation. This finding confirmed bTB in most cases. Altogether, the results obtained in the present study suggest that the combined use of IDR and ELISA is an effective strategy to improve the control of bTB in endemic herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Garbaccio
- Pathobiology Veterinary Institute, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Hurlingham, 1686, Argentina.
| | - C J Garro
- Pathobiology Veterinary Institute, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Hurlingham, 1686, Argentina
| | - F Delgado
- Pathobiology Veterinary Institute, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Hurlingham, 1686, Argentina
| | - G A Tejada
- Colón Diagnosis Laboratory Services, Morón, 1708, Argentina
| | - M E Eirin
- Biotechnology Institute, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Hurlingham, 1686, Argentina
| | - P S Huertas
- Pathobiology Veterinary Institute, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Hurlingham, 1686, Argentina
| | - E A Leon
- Pathobiology Veterinary Institute, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Hurlingham, 1686, Argentina
| | - M J Zumárraga
- Biotechnology Institute, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Hurlingham, 1686, Argentina
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Infantes-Lorenzo JA, Moreno I, Roy A, Risalde MA, Balseiro A, de Juan L, Romero B, Bezos J, Puentes E, Åkerstedt J, Tessema GT, Gortázar C, Domínguez L, Domínguez M. Specificity of serological test for detection of tuberculosis in cattle, goats, sheep and pigs under different epidemiological situations. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:70. [PMID: 30823881 PMCID: PMC6397464 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1814-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum antibody detection has potential as a complementary diagnostic tool in animal tuberculosis (TB) control, particularly in multi-host systems. The objective of the present study was to assess the specificity (Sp) of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the new multiprotein complex P22 for the detection of specific antibodies against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) in the four most relevant domestic animals acting as MTC hosts: cattle, goat, sheep and pig. We used sera from an officially TB-free (OTF) country, Norway, and from a non-OTF one, Spain. The samples included sera from goats that had been vaccinated against M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and sheep from a herd in which Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis had been isolated. RESULTS In cattle, the Sp ranged from 92.5 (IC95% 90.7-94) to 99.4% (IC95% 98.3-99.8) depending on the cut-off used and the origin of the samples (Spain or Norway). Sp in cattle (cut-off point 100) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for Norwegian samples. By contrast, Sp in goats was consistently low at the 100 cut-off [30.9 (CI95%23.4-39.5)-78% (CI95% 68.9-85)]. A higher cut-off of 150 improved Sp in Norwegian goats [97% (CI95% 91.6-99)], but still yielded a poor Sp of 56.1% (CI95% 47.3-64.6) in Spanish goats. In Norway at the 100 cut-off the Sp was 58.3 (CI95% 42.2-72.9) and 90.6% (CI95% 81-95.6) in MAP vaccinated and non-vaccinated goats, respectively, indicating interference due to MAP vaccination. Sp in sheep was between 94.4 (CI95% 91.7-96.3) and 100% (CI95% 96.3-100) depending on the cut-off and country, and no diagnostic interference due to infection with C. pseudotuberculosis was recorded. Sp in pigs was 100%, regardless the cut-off point applied, and no significant differences were observed between pigs from Norway and from Spain. CONCLUSIONS Due to its excellent Sp in pigs and acceptable Sp in cattle and sheep, this ELISA may constitute a suitable option for TB screening at herd level, particularly in OTF-countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Infantes-Lorenzo
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Moreno
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Roy
- CZ Veterinaria S.A., Porriño, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - M. A. Risalde
- SaBio (Health and Biotechnology), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
- Dpto. de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceia3), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - A. Balseiro
- SERIDA, Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario, Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Deva-Gijón, Asturias Spain
| | - L. de Juan
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - B. Romero
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Bezos
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Puentes
- CZ Veterinaria S.A., Porriño, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - J. Åkerstedt
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Sentrum, Oslo Norway
| | - G. T. Tessema
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Sentrum, Oslo Norway
| | - C. Gortázar
- SaBio (Health and Biotechnology), Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - L. Domínguez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Domínguez
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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Ahmad I, Kudi CA, Abdulkadir AI, Saidu SNA, Chafe UM, Abdulmalik Z. Survey of bovine tuberculosis in Nigerian beef cattle. Open Vet J 2018; 8:463-470. [PMID: 30775286 PMCID: PMC6356099 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v8i4.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonotic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) that primarily affects cattle, but also other domestic and wild mammals. In Nigeria, abattoir monitoring of gross bTB lesions is the only control method being applied in all animals. This study aims to investigate tubercle bacilli infection in slaughtered cattle found with visible tuberculosis-like lesions. Lesions suggesting bTB were detected in 226 cattle during abattoir monitoring in Zamfara State, Nigeria. Tissue samples collected from the affected carcasses were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen stain (ZN). Of the 226 carcasses with lesions, 37 (16.4%) were positive by the Ziehl-Neelsen stain (ZN), and MTBC was detected from 34 (91.9%) of the 37 ZN-positive samples. Molecular typing by region of difference (RD) deletion analysis revealed the genotype of Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium caprae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infection was most significantly associated with age of the animals (OR = 3.49; CI: 1.29-9.47 [p = 0.002]). The findings indicate a serious threat for health as well as for TB control in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ahmad
- Directorate of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Gusau, Zamfara, Nigeria
| | - Caleb Ayuba Kudi
- Departmet of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Alhaji Idris Abdulkadir
- Departmet of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria
| | - S N A Saidu
- Departmet of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Umar Mohammed Chafe
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Zainab Abdulmalik
- Directorate of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Gusau, Zamfara, Nigeria
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26
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Souza IIFD, Rodrigues RDA, Gonçalves Jorge KS, Silva MR, Lilenbaum W, Vidal CES, Etges RN, Kostovic M, Araújo FR. ELISA using a recombinant chimera of ESAT-6/MPB70/MPB83 for Mycobacterium bovis diagnosis in naturally infected cattle. J Vet Med Sci 2018; 81:9-14. [PMID: 30305467 PMCID: PMC6361649 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.18-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) control programs generally rely on intradermal tuberculin tests for the antemortem diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle, but these
tests detect only a portion of the infected animals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic coverage of a combination of the bTB antemortem techniques known as the
comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT) and an ELISA based on a recombinant chimera of ESAT-6/MPB70/MPB83 as the antigen in cattle. The results were compared to postmortem findings
based on M. bovis culturing and PCR. Paired comparisons of all data (n=92) demonstrated that ELISA and LST results compared to the culturing results did not present
significant differences (P=0.27 on McNemar’s test and P=0.12 on Fisher’s exact test, respectively). Using culturing as the gold standard, the sensitivity
and specificity of ELISA were 79.5% (95% CI: 64.5–89.2%) and 75.5% (95% CI: 62.4–85.1%), respectively, whereas LST demonstrated 100% sensitivity (95% CI: 91.03–100%) and 92.5% specificity
(95% CI: 82.1–97.0%). The ELISA results did not reveal significant differences in relation to the LST results (P>0.99 on Fisher’s exact test). Using the latter as the
gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were 79.1% (95% CI: 64.8–88.6%) and 79.6% (95% CI: 66.4–88.5%), respectively. The use of ELISA with the recombinant chimera of
ESAT-6/MPB70/MPB83 as the antigen complements the diagnostic coverage provided by CITT and increases the removal of infected animals from herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Ieda Fernando de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity of the Central Western Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Rudielle de Arruda Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Kláudia Santos Gonçalves Jorge
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine (FAMEZ), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | | | - Walter Lilenbaum
- Laboratory of Veterinary Bacteriology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ 24. 210-130, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eugênio Soto Vidal
- Regional Technical Unit for Agriculture, Livestock and Supply of Santa Maria (UTRA), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply, Santa Maria, RS 97050-500, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Nestor Etges
- Secretary of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation (SEAPI), State Government of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90150-900, Brazil
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Fontana S, Pacciarini M, Boifava M, Pellesi R, Casto B, Gastaldelli M, Koehler H, Pozzato N, Casalinuovo F, Boniotti MB. Development and evaluation of two multi-antigen serological assays for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 153:118-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Hadi SA, Waters WR, Palmer M, Lyashchenko KP, Sreevatsan S. Development of a Multidimensional Proteomic Approach to Detect Circulating Immune Complexes in Cattle Experimentally Infected With Mycobacterium bovis. Front Vet Sci 2018; 5:141. [PMID: 29998129 PMCID: PMC6028705 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate a high-resolution method to identify pathogen-specific biomarkers in serum of calves infected with Mycobacterium bovis. Methods: Serum samples from four calves infected with M. bovis were collected before and after infection at weeks 9, 14, 15, 31, and 36. Immune-complex-associated mycobacterial antigens in the serum were enriched using an immunochromatography method termed, dual path platform (DPP). All regions of antigen capture zones, that consisted of monospecific rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised against M. tuberculosis lysates, on DPP strips were excised and analyzed by multidimensional proteomics. The resulting proteins were then passed through 4 rigorous peptide quality filters-false-hits, decoys, non-M. tuberculosis complex proteins were all removed followed by individual quality check of those remaining. Peptides were then checked on NCBI's BLASTp for M. tuberculosis complex specificity. Results: Proteins in 2 of the animals passed the multipronged-highly stringent peptide quality analysis. Animal#54 had 7 unique M. tuberculosis complex proteins at week 14 post-infection, while animal#56 had 4 at week 36 post-infection along with 1 immunoglobulin. Conclusion:M. tuberculosis complex -specific peptides identified in this study were identified in 2 animals and at 2 separate time points post infection. Further studies with better enrichment protocols and using larger sample sizes and replications are required to develop a TB-specific diagnostic tool for bovine tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda A Hadi
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Wade R Waters
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Mitchell Palmer
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Srinand Sreevatsan
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Lyashchenko KP, Gortázar C, Miller MA, Waters WR. Spectrum of antibody profiles in tuberculous elephants, cervids, and cattle. Vet Microbiol 2017; 214:89-92. [PMID: 29408038 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Using multi-antigen print immunoassay and DPP® VetTB Assay approved in the United States for testing captive cervids and elephants, we analyzed antibody recognition of MPB83 and CFP10/ESAT-6 antigens in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), fallow deer (Dama dama), elk (Cervus elaphus), and cattle (Bos taurus) infected with Mycobacterium bovis. Serum IgG reactivity to MPB83 was found in the vast majority of tuberculous cattle and cervid species among which white-tailed deer and elk also showed significant CFP10/ESAT-6 recognition rates with added serodiagnostic value. In contrast, the infected elephants developed antibody responses mainly to CFP10/ESAT-6 with MPB83 reactivity being relatively low. The findings demonstrate distinct patterns of predominant antigen recognition by different animal hosts in tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Gortázar
- SaBio Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Michele A Miller
- Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa
| | - W Ray Waters
- National Animal Disease Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA
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Identification of Novel Antigens Recognized by Serum Antibodies in Bovine Tuberculosis. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2017; 24:CVI.00259-17. [PMID: 28978510 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00259-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, remains an important zoonotic disease posing a serious threat to livestock and wildlife. The current TB tests relying on cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in cattle have performance limitations. To identify new serodiagnostic markers of bovine TB, we screened a panel of 101 recombinant proteins, including 10 polyepitope fusions, by a multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA) with well-characterized serum samples serially collected from cattle with experimental or naturally acquired M. bovis infection. A novel set of 12 seroreactive antigens was established. Evaluation of selected proteins in the dual-path platform (DPP) assay showed that the highest diagnostic accuracy (∼95%) was achieved with a cocktail of five best-performing antigens, thus demonstrating the potential for development of an improved and more practical serodiagnostic test for bovine TB.
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