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Chang D, Kong F, Jiang W, Li F, Zhang C, Ding H, Kang Y, Li W, Huang C, Zhou X, Zhang X, Jiao H, Kang Y, Shang X, Zhang B. Effects of L-carnitine Administration on Sperm and Sex Hormone Levels in a Male Wistar Rat Reproductive System Injury Model in a High-Altitude Hypobaric Hypoxic Environment. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:2231-2247. [PMID: 36633830 PMCID: PMC10310634 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00948-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The plateau environment impacts male reproductive function, causing decreased sperm quality and testosterone levels. L-carnitine can improve the semen microenvironment. However, the role of L-carnitine in a high-altitude environment remains unclear. In our study, we investigated the effects of L-carnitine administration in a male Wistar rat reproductive system injury model in the context of a simulated high-altitude environment. Rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (group A1, A2-low dose and A3-high dose) and high-altitude model groups (group B, C-low dose and D-high dose) with 20 rats in each group. With the exception of the normal control group exposed to normoxic conditions, the other groups were maintained in a hypobaric oxygen chamber that simulated an altitude of 6000 m for 28 days. In the experimental period, the low-dose groups (A2 and C) were administered 50 mg/kg L-carnitine via intraperitoneal injection once a day, and the high-dose groups (A3 and D) were given 100 mg/kg. After the feeding period, blood samples were collected to assess blood gas, serum hormone levels and oxidative stress. Sperm from the epididymis were collected to analyse various sperm parameters. After obtaining the testicular tissue, the morphological and pathological changes were observed under a light microscope and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The impact of the simulated high-altitude environment on the rat testis tissue is obvious. Specifically, a decreased testicular organ index and altered indices of arterial blood gas and serum sex hormone levels caused testicular tissue morphological damage, reduced sperm quality, increased sperm deformity rate and altered malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) concentrations. The results demonstrate that L-carnitine can be administered as a preventive intervention to reduce the reproductive damage caused by high-altitude hypobaric and hypoxic environments and improve semen quality in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Chang
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Feiyan Kong
- Second Department of Surgery, Beijing Fengtai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Air Force Hangzhou Secret Service Rehabilitation Center, Convalescent Section First of Convalescent Zone Second, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fudong Li
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haoshuai Ding
- The First Affiliated Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yindong Kang
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chuang Huang
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- The First Affiliated Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hongmei Jiao
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yafen Kang
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xuejun Shang
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Urology, The 940th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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Wu QJ, Zhang TN, Chen HH, Yu XF, Lv JL, Liu YY, Liu YS, Zheng G, Zhao JQ, Wei YF, Guo JY, Liu FH, Chang Q, Zhang YX, Liu CG, Zhao YH. The sirtuin family in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:402. [PMID: 36581622 PMCID: PMC9797940 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotine adenine dinucleotide(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating critical signaling pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are involved in numerous biological processes. Currently, seven mammalian homologs of yeast Sir2 named SIRT1 to SIRT7 have been identified. Increasing evidence has suggested the vital roles of seven members of the SIRT family in health and disease conditions. Notably, this protein family plays a variety of important roles in cellular biology such as inflammation, metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, etc., thus, it is considered a potential therapeutic target for different kinds of pathologies including cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and other conditions. Moreover, identification of SIRT modulators and exploring the functions of these different modulators have prompted increased efforts to discover new small molecules, which can modify SIRT activity. Furthermore, several randomized controlled trials have indicated that different interventions might affect the expression of SIRT protein in human samples, and supplementation of SIRT modulators might have diverse impact on physiological function in different participants. In this review, we introduce the history and structure of the SIRT protein family, discuss the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of seven members of the SIRT protein family, elaborate on the regulatory roles of SIRTs in human disease, summarize SIRT inhibitors and activators, and review related clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jun Wu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Fei Yu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Le Lv
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Yang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Shu Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing-Yi Guo
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cai-Gang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Cancer, Breast Cancer Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Jiao J. The relationship between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and telomere: A review on proposed nutritional treatment against metabolic syndrome and potential signaling pathways. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4457-4476. [PMID: 36330807 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2142196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic abnormalities composed of central obesity, elevated blood pressure, glucose disturbances, hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidaemia, has increasingly become a public health problem in the 21st century worldwide. The dysfunction of telomeres, the repetitive DNA with highly conserved sequences (5'-TTAGGG-3'), is remarkably correlated with organismal aging, even suggesting a causal relationship with metabolic disorders. The health benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in multiple disorders are associated with telomere length in evidence, which have recently drawn wide attention. However, functional targets and pathways for the associations of n-3 PUFAs and telomere with MetS remain scare. Few studies have summarized the role of n-3 PUFAs in DNA damage repair pathways, anti-inflammatory pathways, and redox balance, linking with telomere biology, and other potential telomere-related signaling pathways. This review aims to (i) elucidate how n-3 PUFAs ameliorate telomere attrition in the context of anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation; (ii) unravel the role of n-3 PUFAs in modulating telomere-related neuron dysfunction and regulating the neuro-endocrine-immunological network in MetS; (iii) epidemiologically implicate the associations of metabolic disorders and n-3 PUFAs with telomere length; and (iv) suggest promising biochemical approaches and advancing methodologies to overcome the inter-variation problem helpful for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Alcantara-Zapata DE, Bangdiwala SI, Jiménez D, Kogevinas M, Marchetti N, Nazzal C. Effects of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in Chilean miners. Occup Environ Med 2021; 78:753-760. [PMID: 33980699 PMCID: PMC8448907 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2020-107232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to determine the effects of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in Chilean miners who work at different altitudes. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and July 2019. Miners from five mines (N=338) at different altitudes were evaluated. We recorded sociodemographic, working and altitude information. Haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SaO2) and haemoglobin (Hb) were measured in situ, while PSA and testosterone were analysed at a low level. Linear mixed-effect models were used to evaluate the association between PSA level and two CIHH exposures: composite CIHH (with four descriptors) and ChileStd-CIHH (CIHH Chilean standard; based on the Chilean technical guide for occupational exposure to CIHH). All models were adjusted by age, body mass index and day of the work the samples were taken. RESULTS Highest and lowest PSA levels were found in mines ≥3000 m above sea level (mine 3: median=0.75, IQR=-0.45; mine 4: median=0.46, IQR=-0.35). In the multilevel models, the wider altitude difference between mining operation and camp showed lower PSA levels (model D: βPSA=-0.93 ng/mL, βlogPSA=-0.07, p<0001), adjusted for other CIHH descriptors, SaO2, Hb and testosterone. The descriptors of composite CIHH explained better PSA variations than ChileStd-CIHH (model D: marginal R2=0.090 vs model A: marginal R2=0.016). CONCLUSIONS Occupational health regulations and high altitude medicine should consider these results as initial evidence on the inclusion of new descriptors for CIHH and the possible effect of this exposure on PSA levels in this male-dominated occupational sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Elizabeth Alcantara-Zapata
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Faculty of Sciences and Philosophy, and Laboratory of Investigation and Development, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Shrikant I Bangdiwala
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Jiménez
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health - Campus MAR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nella Marchetti
- Occupational Health Department, School of Public Health. University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Nazzal
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Samy A, El-Adl M, Rezk S, Marghani B, Eldomany W, Eldesoky A, Elmetwally MA. The potential protective and therapeutic effects of platelet-rich plasma on ischemia/reperfusion injury following experimental torsion/detorsion of testis in the Albino rat model. Life Sci 2020; 256:117982. [PMID: 32562693 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designed to evaluate the protective and therapeutic efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) against testicular degeneration and germ cell apoptosis after induced spermatic cord torsion/detorsion (TD) in rats. MATERIALS Forty rats were allocated into 5 groups: 1) control, 2) short torsion/detorsion (STD), 3) long torsion detorsion (LTD), 4) protective (PRP/P) and 5) treatment (PRP/T). Testicular ischemia was induced by twisting the right testis 1080° clockwise for 2.5 h. PRP (10 μl) was injected intra-testicular 5 min before (PRP/P) and 3 h after (PRP/T) detorsion. At the end of the experiment, rats were euthanized at 2, 30, 2, and 30 days for groups 2-5 respectively. Nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, catalase, total antioxidant capacity, reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, interleukin1 beta, tumor necrosis factor, caspase-3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 expressions were assessed in the testes. Moreover, histological examination was performed. KEY FINDINGS PRP treatment significantly mitigated the torsion-detorsion induced testicular degeneration. Particularly, by improving the state of oxidative stress (NO, P = 0.0001) and antioxidant markers (TAC, GSH, GST, P = 0.0001-0.01) and decreasing the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and cas 3 and increase the BCL2 fold changes (P = 0.0001). The protective use of PRP is superior to the therapeutic use of PRP in the restoration of the testicular histoarchitecture following TD. SIGNIFICANCE This study illustrates the cyto-protective role of PRP against TD induced testicular cell injury that highlight possible application of PRP as a complementary therapy in different testicular degenerative diseases which might attribute to its ability to ameliorate the oxidative stress and inhibit induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Samy
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Adl
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Basma Marghani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Wael Eldomany
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Eldesoky
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Elmetwally
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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Çeribaşı S, Türk G, Özçelik M, Doğan G, Çeribaşı AO, Mutlu Sİ, Erişir Z, Güvenç M, Güngören G, Acısu TC, Akarsu SA, Kaya ŞÖ, Sönmez M, Yüce A, Çiftçi M, Çambay Z, Bağcı E, Azman MA, Şimşek ÜG. Negative effect of feeding with high energy diets on testes and metabolic blood parameters of male Japanese quails, and positive role of milk thistle seed. Theriogenology 2020; 144:74-81. [PMID: 31927417 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the changes in testicular tissue and cell count, testicular oxidative stress and some metabolic blood parameters of male broiler Japanese quails fed with high energy diet and milk thistle (Silybum marianum) seed. One hundred-twenty male 15-day-old Japanese quail chicks were divided into 4 equal groups with 30 each. The applications in each group were repeated 3 times with 10 animals each. Control group was fed with basal diet. Milk thistle seed group was fed with diet including 1% milk thistle seed. High energy diet group was fed with high energy diet including 10% corn syrup. High energy diet + milk thistle seed group was fed with high energy diet including 10% corn syrup along with 1% milk thistle seed. The feeding period in all groups was 35 days. When the quails reached 50 days old, a total of 48, 12 from each group (4 from each replication) were euthanized and blood samples and testes were collected. Compared with the control group, significant increases in body weight, serum cholesterol and glucose level, aspartate aminotransferase activity and testicular malondialdehyde level; however, significant decreases in serum testosterone level, testicular glutathione peroxidase activity, counts of round and elongated spermatid and sperm as well as histopathologically, significant decreases in seminiferous tubular diameter and seminiferous epithelium thickness, and marked disorganization in germinal cells were determined in quails fed with high energy diet. It was observed that almost all of the disturbances in testicular tissue, cell number, oxidant-antioxidant balance and metabolic blood parameters caused by feeding with high energy diet were significantly prevented by supplementation of milk thistle seed to the diet with high energy. On the other hand, alone milk thistle seed and high energy diet + milk thistle seed administrations decreased body weight in comparison to control and high energy diet groups. As a result, feeding with high energy diet causes disturbances in testes of male quails by affecting liver metabolic functions and testicular oxidant-antioxidant balance, but milk thistle seed addition to diet plays a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Çeribaşı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - G Türk
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey.
| | - M Özçelik
- Department of Medical Services and Technics, High School of Medical Services, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - G Doğan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - A O Çeribaşı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - S İflazoğlu Mutlu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Z Erişir
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - M Güvenç
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - G Güngören
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - T C Acısu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - S A Akarsu
- Elbistan High School, İstiklal University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Ş Özer Kaya
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - M Sönmez
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - A Yüce
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - M Çiftçi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Z Çambay
- Department of Medical Services and Technics, High School of Medical Services, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - E Bağcı
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - M A Azman
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Ü G Şimşek
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
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Migliaccio V, Sica R, Di Gregorio I, Putti R, Lionetti L. High-Fish Oil and High-Lard Diets Differently Affect Testicular Antioxidant Defense and Mitochondrial Fusion/Fission Balance in Male Wistar Rats: Potential Protective Effect of ω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Targeting Mitochondria Dynamics. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3110. [PMID: 31242698 PMCID: PMC6627479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets rich in fish oil (HFO diet, mainly ω3-PUFAs), in contrast to high-fat diets rich in lard (HL diet, mainly saturated fatty acids) have been shown to induce improvement in mitochondrial function and fusion processes associated with a reduction in reactive oxygen species production in both liver and skeletal muscle. High-fat diets may also impair testicular function, and mitochondria represent important cellular organelles with a pivotal role in reproductive function. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that frequently undergo fission/fusion processes. A shift toward mitochondrial fusion process has been associated with improvement of mitochondrial function, as well as with ω3-PUFAs protective effects. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of chronic overfeeding (six weeks) with HFO or HL diet on testicular tissue histology, oxidative stress, antioxidant defenses, and mitochondrial fusion (mitofusin 2) and fission (dynamic related protein 1) protein. Our results showed that HFO diet induced less testicular histology impairment, oxidative stress, and apoptosis compared to a HL diet. This finding was associated with an increase in antioxidant activities and a shift toward mitochondrial fusion processes induced by HFO diet compared to HL diet, suggesting that ω3-PUFAs may act as bioactive compound targeting mitochondria dynamics to prevent testicular impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
- Department of Biology, University of Naples, Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Sica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples, Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Di Gregorio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Putti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples, Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "Adolfo Zambelli", University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
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Jing L, Shao J, Sun W, Lan T, Jia Z, Ma H, Wang H. Protective effects of two novel nitronyl nitroxide radicals on heart failure induced by hypobaric hypoxia. Life Sci 2019; 248:116481. [PMID: 31102744 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypobaric hypoxia (HH), linked to oxidative stress, impairs cardiac function. We synthesized a novel nitronyl nitroxide radical, an HPN derivative (HEPN) and investigated the protective effects of HEPN and HPN against HH-induced heart injury in mice and the underlying mechanisms of action. MAIN METHODS Mice were administered with HPN (200 mg/kg) or HEPN (200 mg/kg) 30 min before exposed to HH. The cardiac function was measured. Serum AST, CK, LDH and cTnI were estimated. Heart tissue oxidase activity, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, ROS and MDA were estimated. ATP content, Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase activity was measured. The expression of HIF-1, VEGF, Nrf2, HO-1, Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 was estimated. KEY FINDINGS Results showed that pretreatment with HEPN or HPN led to a dramatic decrease in the activity of biochemical markers AST, CK, LDH and cTnI in murine serum. They increased the activity of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px and reduced the level of ROS and MDA in the hearts of mice. HEPN and HPN could increase the expression of Nrf2 and OH-1. They could maintain the ATPase activity. The Bax and Caspase-3 expression as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were significantly downregulated and the Bcl-2 expression was upregulated by HPN or HEPN compared to the HH group. They may attenuate the HH-induced oxidant stress via free radical scavenging activity. SIGNIFICANCE The present study showed that the nitronyl nitroxide radical HEPN and HPN may be potential therapeutic agents for treatment of HH-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Jin Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Ting Lan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, XiAn, Shaanxi 710032, PR China
| | - Zhengping Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China
| | - Huiping Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, PR China.
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, XiAn, Shaanxi 710032, PR China.
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Kastelic JP, Wilde RE, Bielli A, Genovese P, Rizzoto G, Thundathil J. Hyperthermia is more important than hypoxia as a cause of disrupted spermatogenesis and abnormal sperm. Theriogenology 2019; 131:177-181. [PMID: 30978568 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that hypoxia replicates effects of hyperthermia on reducing number and quality of sperm produced, whereas hyperoxia mitigates effects of hyperthermia. Forty-eight CD-1 mice (∼50 d old), inspired air with 13, 21, or 95% O2 and were exposed to ambient temperatures of 20 or 36 °C (3 × 2 factorial, six groups) twice for 12 h (separated by 12 h at 20 °C and 21% O2), with euthanasia 14 or 20 d after first exposure. Combined for both post-exposure intervals, there were primarily main effects of temperature; mice exposed to 20 vs 36 °C had differences in testis weight (110.2 vs 96.9 mg, respectively; P < 0.0001), daily sperm production (24.7 vs 21.1 × 106 sperm/g testes, P < 0.03), motile sperm (54.5 vs 41.5%, P < 0.002), morphologically normal sperm (59.9 vs 45.4%, P < 0.002), morphologically abnormal heads (7.3 vs 22.0%, P < 0.0001), seminiferous tubule diameter (183.4 vs 176.3 μm, P < 0.004) and altered elongated spermatids (2.2 vs 15.9, P < 0.001). Increasing O2 (from 13 to 95%) affected morphologically abnormal heads (15.4, 10.8 and 17.6%, respectively; P < 0.03), seminiferous tubule diameter (175.7, 185.6 and 178.4 μm, P < 0.003) and total altered spermatids (8.3, 3.3 and 15.2, P < 0.05). Our hypothesis was not supported; hypoxia did not replicate effects of hyperthermia with regards to reducing number and quality of sperm produced and hyperoxia did not mitigate effects of hyperthermia. We concluded that hyperthermia per se and not secondary hypoxia was the fundamental cause of heat-induced effects on spermatogenesis and sperm. These findings are of interest to develop evidence-based efforts to mitigate effects of testicular hyperthermia, as efforts should be focused on hyperthermia per se and not on hyperthermia-induced hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Kastelic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - R E Wilde
- Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - A Bielli
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - P Genovese
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G Rizzoto
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - J Thundathil
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Tao L, Wang L, Yang X, Jiang X, Hua F. Recombinant human glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against chronic intermittent hypoxia by improving myocardial energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 481:95-103. [PMID: 30503377 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a chronic disease associated with intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) is a naturally occurring incretin used as a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, dilated cardiomyopathy, and advanced heart failure. However, whether GLP-1 can protect against IH-induced cardiac injury is still unclear. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated the effects of recombinant human GLP-1 (rhGLP-1) on cardiac health in mice. METHODS Mice were subjected to repetitive 5% O2 for 30 s and 21% O2 for 30 s, for a total of 8 h/day for 4 weeks. Subsequently, mice received subcutaneous injection of saline or rhGLP-1 (100 μg/kg, three times per day). Cardiac function, myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis, energy metabolism, and mitochondrial biogenesis were examined for evaluation of cardiac injury. RESULTS A reduction in diastolic function (E/A ratio) in mice exposed to IH was significantly reversed by rhGLP-1. IH induced marked cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis. Additionally, IH resulted in a shift from fatty acid to glucose metabolism in the myocardium with downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α and PPARγ. Moreover, IH caused a reduction in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication and transcription, together with reduced mtDNA content and impaired mitochondrial ultrastructure. These changes were abolished by rhGLP-1 via activation of PGC-1α and Akt signaling. CONCLUSIONS rhGLP-1 protects against IH-induced cardiac injury by improving myocardial energy metabolism and enhancing the early adaptive changes of mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichan Tao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China
| | - Fei Hua
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou City, 213003, China.
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Poorhassan M, Navae F, Mahakizadeh S, Bazrafkan M, Nikmehr B, Abolhassani F, Ijaz S, Yamini N, Dashti N, Mehrannia K, Hassanzadeh GH, Akbari M. Flaxseed Can Reduce Hypoxia-Induced Damages in Rat Testes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2018; 12:235-241. [PMID: 29935070 PMCID: PMC6018172 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACHGROUND Hypoxia causes detrimental effects on the structure and function of tissues through increased production of reactive oxygen species that are generated during the re-oxygenation phase of intermittent and continuous hypobaric hypoxia. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of flaxseed (Fx) in reducing the incidence of hypoxia in rat testes. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, 24 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: i. Control group (Co) that received normal levels of oxygen and food, ii. Sham group (Sh) that were placed in hypoxia chamber but received normal oxygen and food, iii. Hypoxia induction group (Hx) that were placed in hypoxia chamber and treated with normal food, iv. Hypoxia induction group (Hx+Fx) that were placed in hypoxia chamber and treated with 10% flaxseed food. Both the Hx and Hx+Fx groups were kept in a hypoxic chamber for 30 days; during this period rats were exposed to reduced pressure (oxygen 8% and nitrogen 92%) for 4 hours/day. Then, all animal were sacrificed and their testes were removed. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were evaluated in the testis tissue. Tubular damages were examined using histological studies. Blood samples and sperm were collected to assess IL-18 level and measure sperms parameters, respectively. All data were analyzed using SPPSS-22 software. One way-ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS A significant difference was recorded in the testicular mass/body weight ratio in Hx and Hx+Fx groups in comparison to the control (P=0.003 and 0.027, respectively) and Sh (P=0.001 and 0.009, respectively) groups. The sperm count and motility in Hx+Fx group were significantly different from those of the Hx group (P=0.0001 and 0.028, respectively) .Also sperm viability (P=0.0001) and abnormality (P=0.0001) in Hx+Fx group were significantly different from Hx group. CONCLUSION This study therefore suggests that the oral administration of flaxseed can be useful for prevention from the detrimental effects of hypoxia on rat testes structure and sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Poorhassan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Navae
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Mahakizadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Bazrafkan
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafshe Nikmehr
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Abolhassani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Ijaz
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Yamini
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Dashti
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kobra Mehrannia
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - G holamReza Hassanzadeh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
| | - Mohammad Akbari
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
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Aguilar M, González-Candia A, Rodríguez J, Carrasco-Pozo C, Cañas D, García-Herrera C, Herrera EA, Castillo RL. Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Protection Associated with Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure in a Rat Model: Role of Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020366. [PMID: 29373484 PMCID: PMC5855588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 140 million people live and works (in a chronic or intermittent form) above 2500 m worldwide and 35 million live in the Andean Mountains. Furthermore, in Chile, it is estimated that 55,000 persons work in high altitude shifts, where stays at lowlands and interspersed with working stays at highlands. Acute exposure to high altitude has been shown to induce oxidative stress in healthy human lowlanders, due to an increase in free radical formation and a decrease in antioxidant capacity. However, in animal models, intermittent hypoxia (IH) induce preconditioning, like responses and cardioprotection. Here, we aimed to describe in a rat model the responses on cardiac and vascular function to 4 cycles of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH). Twelve adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into two equal groups, a four-cycle of IHH, and a normobaric hypoxic control. Intermittent hypoxia was induced in a hypobaric chamber in four continuous cycles (1 cycle = 4 days hypoxia + 4 days normoxia), reaching a barometric pressure equivalent to 4600 m of altitude (428 Torr). At the end of the first and fourth cycle, cardiac structural, and functional variables were determined by echocardiography. Thereafter, ex vivo vascular function and biomechanical properties were determined in femoral arteries by wire myography. We further measured cardiac oxidative stress biomarkers (4-Hydroxy-nonenal, HNE; nytrotirosine, NT), reactive oxygen species (ROS) sources (NADPH and mitochondrial), and antioxidant enzymes activity (catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx, and superoxide dismutase, SOD). Our results show a higher ejection and shortening fraction of the left ventricle function by the end of the 4th cycle. Further, femoral vessels showed an improvement of vasodilator capacity and diminished stiffening. Cardiac tissue presented a higher expression of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondrial ROS formation in IHH, as compared with normobaric hypoxic controls. IHH exposure determines a preconditioning effect on the heart and femoral artery, both at structural and functional levels, associated with the induction of antioxidant defence mechanisms. However, mitochondrial ROS generation was increased in cardiac tissue. These findings suggest that initial states of IHH are beneficial for cardiovascular function and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Aguilar
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile.
| | - Alejandro González-Candia
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile.
| | - Jorge Rodríguez
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile.
- Departamento de Kinesiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
| | - Catalina Carrasco-Pozo
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4222, Australia.
- Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile.
| | - Daniel Cañas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170125, Chile.
| | - Claudio García-Herrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170125, Chile.
| | - Emilio A Herrera
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile.
- International Center for Andean Studies, Universidad de Chile, Putre, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo L Castillo
- Programa de Fisiopatología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500922, Chile.
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Valdez-Morales M, Carlos LC, Valverde ME, Ramírez-Chávez E, Paredes-López O. Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Lipid Profile of Huitlacoche Mushroom (Ustilago maydis) Produced in Several Maize Genotypes at Different Stages of Development. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 71:436-443. [PMID: 27605221 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-016-0572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Huitlacoche mushroom (composed by the fruiting bodies growing on the maize ears from the basidiomycete Ustilago maydis) is a culinary delicacy with a great economic and nutraceutical value. In this work, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, ergosterol and fatty acids profile from huitlacoche produced in 15 creole and in one hybrid maize genotypes, and harvested at different stages of development were determined. The hybrid crop was studied in raw and cooked samples. Total phenolic content ranged from 415.6 to 921.8.0 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g of flour. Samples exhibited attractive antioxidant activities: 75 % of antiradical activity on average by DPPH methodology, and ORAC values up to 7661.3 μmol Trolox equivalents /100 g. Important quantities of ferulic acid, quercetin, ergosterol, linoleic and oleic acids were observed. Stage of development and cooking process had an effect on evaluated compounds, sometimes negative and sometimes positive. Results suggest that huitlacoche is an attractive food source of phenolics with excellent antioxidant potential and interesting lipidic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Valdez-Morales
- Departamento de Biotecnología Agrícola, CONACyT - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Sinaloa, Área de Metabolómica Agrícola-Blvd Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes 250, C.P. 81101, Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - L Céspedes Carlos
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Andrés Bello Av. s/n, Casilla, 447, Chillán, Chile
| | - María Elena Valverde
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato, 36821, Gto, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ramírez-Chávez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato, 36821, Gto, Mexico
| | - Octavio Paredes-López
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 Libramiento Norte, Carretera Irapuato-León, Irapuato, 36821, Gto, Mexico
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Protection of Pentoxifylline against Testis Injury Induced by Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3406802. [PMID: 27642493 PMCID: PMC5015030 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3406802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of pentoxifylline (PTX) on spermatogenesis dysfunction induced by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) and unveil the underlying mechanism, experimental animals were assigned to Control, IHH+Vehicle, and IHH+PTX groups and exposed to 4 cycles of 96 h of hypobaric hypoxia followed by 96 h of normobaric normoxia for 32 days. PTX was administered for 32 days. Blood and tissue samples were collected 7 days thereafter. Serum malondialdehyde levels were used to assess lipid peroxidation; ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), superoxide dismutase, and catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities were assessed to determine antioxidant capacity in various samples. Testis histopathology was assessed after hematoxylin-eosin staining by Johnsen's testicular scoring system. Meanwhile, testosterone synthase and vimentin amounts were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Sperm count, motility, and density were assessed to determine epididymal sperm quality. IHH treatment induced significant pathological changes in testicular tissue and enhanced serum lipid peroxide levels, while reducing serum FRAP, antioxidant enzyme activities, and testosterone synthase expression. Moreover, IHH impaired epididymal sperm quality and vimentin structure in Sertoli cells. Oral administration of PTX improved the pathological changes in the testis. IHH may impair spermatogenesis function of testicular tissues by inducing oxidative stress, but this impairment could be attenuated by administration of PTX.
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15
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Oda SS. The influence of Omega3 fatty acids supplementation against aluminum-induced toxicity in male albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:14354-14361. [PMID: 27055897 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the protective and antioxidant potential of Omega3 fatty acids (FAs) against aluminum intoxicated male albino rats. Twenty-four male albino rats were divided into four equal groups: group I served as control; group II (Omega3-treated) received Omega3 FAs 1000 mg/kg bwt/day orally; group III (aluminum-treated) received aluminum chloride 100 mg/kg bwt/day orally and group IV (aluminum + Omega3-treated) received aluminum chloride 100 mg/kg bwt/day and Omega3 FAs 1000 mg/kg bwt/day orally. Treatments lasted for 4 weeks. Results indicate that administration of aluminum chloride showed non-significant changes in serum alanine aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine levels, a significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase and malondialdehyde as well as a significant reduction in serum-reduced glutathione levels. Aluminum treatment induced histopathological alterations in the liver, kidney, brain, testes, and epididymis. Omega3 FAs supplementation improved the serum parameters, enhanced endogenous antioxidant status, reduced lipid peroxidation, and ameliorated the intensity of the histopathological lesions. These findings reveal that Omega3 FAs supplementation can lighten the toxic effects of aluminum through their antioxidant and free radical-scavenging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah S Oda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, P.O. Box. 22758, Edfina-Rashid-Behera, Egypt.
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Verratti V, Di Giulio C, D'Angeli A, Tafuri A, Francavilla S, Pelliccione F. Sperm forward motility is negatively affected by short-term exposure to altitude hypoxia. Andrologia 2016; 48:800-6. [PMID: 26762696 DOI: 10.1111/and.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human exposure to altitude is a model to study the role of oxygen in different areas of physiology and pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a short exposure to hypoxia (5 days) combined with exercise, at altitude ranging from 900 m above sea level to 5895 m above sea level (Kilimanjaro Expedition) can modify seminal and reproductive hormonal parameter levels in human beings. During the ascent, blood oxygen saturation at 3.848 m above sea level was found to be decreased when compared to sea level (P < 0.02). The sperm forward motility at sea level after the expedition showed a significant reduction (P < 0.02). There were no changes in other seminal parameters among those compared. Determination of the hormonal plasma concentrations showed that baseline values of follicle-stimulating hormone, total testosterone, prolactin and oestradiol were unchanged at sea level after the hypoxic experience, with respect to baseline values at sea level. On the other hand, luteinising hormone levels after altitudes trekking significantly increased compared to levels before the expedition (P < 0.05). Because of the short-term exposure, we can assume that the reduced forward motility described here may result from the effects of the acute altitude hypoxia on spermatozoa during the epididymal transit where they mature acquiring their motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Verratti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Laboratory of Functional Evaluation, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - C Di Giulio
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - A D'Angeli
- Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences, Andrology Section, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A Tafuri
- Urology Clinic, Ospedale Civile Maggiore Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Francavilla
- Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences, Andrology Section, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - F Pelliccione
- Department of Life, Health and Environment Sciences, Andrology Section, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Mohammad NS, Arafa MH, Atteia HH. Coenzyme Q10 and fish oil synergistically alleviate aluminum chloride-induced suppression of testicular steroidogenesis and antioxidant defense. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:1319-34. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1069290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Abstract
Hypoxia induces several responses at cardiovascular, pulmonary and reproductive levels, which may lead to chronic diseases. This is relevant in human populations exposed to high altitude (HA), in either chronic continuous (permanent inhabitants) or intermittent fashion (HA workers, tourists and mountaineers). In Chile, it is estimated that 1.000.000 people live at highlands and more than 55.000 work in HA shifts. Initial responses to hypoxia are compensatory and induce activation of cardioprotective mechanisms, such as those seen under intermittent hypobaric (IH) hypoxia, events that could mediate preconditioning. However, whenever hypoxia is prolonged, the chronic activation of cellular responses induces long-lasting modifications that may result in acclimatization or produce maladaptive changes with increase in cardiovascular risk. HA exposure during pregnancy induces hypoxia and oxidative stress, which in turn may promote cellular responses and epigenetic modifications resulting in severe impairment in growth and development. Sadly, this condition is accompanied with an increased fetal and neonatal morbi-mortality. Further, developmental hypoxia may program cardio-pulmonary circulations later in postnatal life, ending in vascular structural and functional alterations with augmented risk on pulmonary and cardiovascular failure. Additionally, permanent HA inhabitants have augmented risk and prevalence of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy and cardiopulmonary remodeling. Similar responses are seen in adults that are intermittently exposed to chronic hypoxia (CH) such as shift workers in HA areas. The mechanisms involved determining the immediate, short and long-lasting effects are still unclear. For several years, the study of the responses to hypoxic insults and pharmacological targets has been the motivation of our group. This review describes some of the mechanisms underlying hypoxic responses and potential therapeutic approaches with antioxidants such as melatonin, ascorbate, omega 3 (Ω3) or compounds that increase the nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability.
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