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Zhang CY, Hung CH, Hsiao YL, Chang TM, Su YC, Wang LC, Wang SM, Chen SH. Miltefosine reduces coxsackievirus B3 lethality of mice with enhanced STAT3 activation. Antiviral Res 2024; 223:105824. [PMID: 38309307 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), one serotype of enteroviruses, can induce fatal myocarditis and hepatitis in neonates, but both treatment and vaccine are unavailable. Few reports tested antivirals to reduce CVB3. Several antivirals were developed against other enterovirus serotypes, but these antivirals failed in clinical trials due to side effects and drug resistance. Repurposing of clinical drugs targeting cellular factors, which enhance viral replication, may be another option. Parasite and cancer studies showed that the cellular protein kinase B (Akt) decreases interferon (IFN), apoptosis, and interleukin (IL)-6-induced STAT3 responses, which suppress CVB3 replication. Furthermore, miltefosine, the Akt inhibitor used in the clinic for parasite infections, enhances IL-6, IFN, and apoptosis responses in treated patients, suggesting that miltefosine could be the potential antiviral for CVB3. This study was therefore designated to test the antiviral effects of miltefosine against CVB3 in vitro and especially, in mice, as few studies test miltefosine in vitro, but not in vivo. In vitro results showed that miltefosine inhibited viral replication with enhanced activation of the cellular transcription factor, STAT3, which is reported to reduce CVB3 both in vitro and in mice. Notably, STAT3 knockdown abolished the anti-CVB3 activity of miltefosine in vitro. Mouse studies demonstrated that miltefosine pretreatment reduced CVB3 lethality of mice with decreased virus loads, organ damage, and apoptosis, but enhanced STAT3 activation. Miltefosine could be prophylaxis for CVB3 by targeting Akt to enhance STAT3 activation in the mechanism, which is independent of IFN responses and hardly reported in pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yu Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Huei Hung
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Hsiao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Miao Chang
- Statistical Analysis Laboratory, Department of International Business Management, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan, 710, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Su
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, 824, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chiu Wang
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Wang
- Center for Infection Control, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
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Lin YJ, Wang LC, Tsai HP, Chi CY, Chang CP, Chen SH, Wang SM. Antiviral and immunoregulatory effects of curcumin on coxsackievirus B3-infected hepatitis. Virus Res 2023; 336:199203. [PMID: 37625648 PMCID: PMC10485155 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Fulminant hepatitis is a life-threatening complication of coxsackievirus B (CVB) 3 infections. The condition may deteriorate to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with markedly increased liver enzymes, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, which significantly induce local and systemic inflammation. Curcumin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antiviral characteristics in inflammatory and infectious diseases. Here we determined effects of curcumin on viral replications, cytokine and chemokine expressions, and liver damage in CVB3-infected Huh-7 cells. The mouse-adapted CVB3 strain was used to investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin on CVB3-induced hepatitis in a mouse model. In vitro studies showed that curcumin reduced viral protein and titer levels and increased cell viability. Curcumin enhanced the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein level and decreased the levels of cleaved caspase-3 protein and mRNA of gene encoding C-X-C motif chemokine 10 in infected cells. In vivo studies showed that curcumin improved the survival rate and clinical scores in mice and reduced the viral titer in the liver during CVB3 infection. Moreover, the HO-1 levels were increased, and the cleaved caspase-3 levels were diminished in the CVB3-infected liver. Curcumin reduced the levels of interferon (IFN)-γ and monokine induced by IFN-γ in liver and levels of interleukin (IL)-8 in serum, but increased levels of regulated activation, normal T cell expression in liver and levels of IL-10 in serum of CVB3-infected mice. In summary, curcumin presents antiviral and anti-inflammation efficacies in CVB3 infection in vitro and in vivo; these results provide potential evidence on the feasibility of curcumin for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jheng Lin
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chiu Wang
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Pin Tsai
- Department of Pathology,College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70401, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70401, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chi
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Peng Chang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70401, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70401, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Hua Chen
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70401, Taiwan; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70401, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Min Wang
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70401, Taiwan; Center for Infection Control, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70401, Taiwan.
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Wörner N, Rodrigo-García R, Antón A, Castellarnau E, Delgado I, Vazquez È, González S, Mayol L, Méndez M, Solé E, Rosal J, Andrés C, Casquero A, Lera E, Sancosmed M, Campins M, Pumarola T, Rodrigo C. Enterovirus-A71 Rhombencephalitis Outbreak in Catalonia: Characteristics, Management and Outcome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2021; 40:628-633. [PMID: 34097655 PMCID: PMC8189429 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000003114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Between April and June 2016, an outbreak of rhombencephalitis (RE) caused by enterovirus (EV) A71 was detected in Catalonia, Spain-the first documented in Western Europe. The clinical characteristics and outcome of patients with this condition differed from those reported in outbreaks occurring in Southeast Asia. METHODS Observational, multicenter study analyzing characteristics, treatment and outcome of patients with EV-A71 rhombencephalitis diagnosed in 6 publicly funded hospitals within the Catalonian Health Institute. A review of clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of these patients was conducted. RESULTS Sixty-four patients met the clinical and virologic criteria for rhombencephalitis caused by EV-A71. All patients had symptoms suggesting viral disease, mainly fever, lethargy, ataxia and tremor, with 30% of hand-foot-mouth disease. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy was given to 44/64 (69%) patients and methylprednisolone to 27/64 (42%). Six patients (9%) required pediatric intensive care unit admission. Three patients had acute flaccid paralysis of 1 limb, and another had autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction with cardiorespiratory arrest. Outcome in all patients (except the patient with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy) was good, with complete resolution of the symptoms. CONCLUSIONS During the 2016 outbreak, rhombencephalitis without ANS symptoms was the predominant form of presentation and most patients showed no hand-foot-mouth disease. These findings contrast with those of other patient series reporting associated ANS dysfunction (10%-15%) and hand-foot-mouth disease (60%-80%). Complete recovery occurred in almost all cases. In light of the favorable outcome in untreated mild cases, therapies for this condition should be reserved for patients with moderate-severe infection. The main relevance of this study is to provide useful information for setting priorities, management approaches and adequate use of resources in future EV-A71 associated rhombencephalitis outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Wörner
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Department of Pediatrics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío Rodrigo-García
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Department of Pediatrics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Antón
- Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Castellarnau
- Department of Pediatrics, Joan XXIII University Hospital, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Delgado
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Èlida Vazquez
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastià González
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Department of Pediatrics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Mayol
- Department of Pediatrics, Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Maria Méndez
- Department of Pediatrics, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
| | - Eduard Solé
- Department of Pediatrics, Arnau de Vilanova University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jaume Rosal
- Department of Pediatrics, Verge de la Cinta Hospital, Tortosa, Spain
| | - Cristina Andrés
- Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Casquero
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Department of Pediatrics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Lera
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Department of Pediatrics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Sancosmed
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Department of Pediatrics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magda Campins
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tomàs Pumarola
- Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodrigo
- From the Pediatric Emergency Department, Department of Pediatrics, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine at Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Carlos Rodrigo, MD, PhD, is currently at the Department of Pediatrics, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
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Qing H, Desrouleaux R, Israni-Winger K, Mineur YS, Fogelman N, Zhang C, Rashed S, Palm NW, Sinha R, Picciotto MR, Perry RJ, Wang A. Origin and Function of Stress-Induced IL-6 in Murine Models. Cell 2020; 182:372-387.e14. [PMID: 32610084 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute psychological stress has long been known to decrease host fitness to inflammation in a wide variety of diseases, but how this occurs is incompletely understood. Using mouse models, we show that interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the dominant cytokine inducible upon acute stress alone. Stress-inducible IL-6 is produced from brown adipocytes in a beta-3-adrenergic-receptor-dependent fashion. During stress, endocrine IL-6 is the required instructive signal for mediating hyperglycemia through hepatic gluconeogenesis, which is necessary for anticipating and fueling "fight or flight" responses. This adaptation comes at the cost of enhancing mortality to a subsequent inflammatory challenge. These findings provide a mechanistic understanding of the ontogeny and adaptive purpose of IL-6 as a bona fide stress hormone coordinating systemic immunometabolic reprogramming. This brain-brown fat-liver axis might provide new insights into brown adipose tissue as a stress-responsive endocrine organ and mechanistic insight into targeting this axis in the treatment of inflammatory and neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Qing
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Reina Desrouleaux
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kavita Israni-Winger
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yann S Mineur
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nia Fogelman
- Yale Stress Center and Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Saleh Rashed
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Noah W Palm
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Yale Stress Center and Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marina R Picciotto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rachel J Perry
- Departments of Medicine (Endocrinology) and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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