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Zhang R, Hu Z, Wei D, Li R, Li Y, Zhang Z. Carboplatin restricts peste des petits ruminants virus replication by suppressing the STING-mediated autophagy. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1383927. [PMID: 38812563 PMCID: PMC11133560 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1383927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a morbillivirus that causes the acute and highly pathogenic infectious disease peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in small ruminants and poses a major threat to the goat and sheep industries. Currently, there is no effective treatment for PPRV infection. Here, we propose Carboplatin, a platinum-based regimen designed to treat a range of malignancies, as a potential antiviral agent. We showed that Carboplatin exhibits significant antiviral activity against PPRV in a cell culture model. The mechanism of action of Carboplatin against PPRV is mainly attributed to its ability to block STING mediated autophagy. Together, our study supports the discovery of Carboplatin as an antiviral against PPRV and potentially other closely related viruses, sheds light on its mode of action, and establishes STING as a valid and attractive target to counteract viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yanmin Li
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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2
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Wu T, Jiang Y, Shi W, Wang Y, Li T. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: a novel targeted approach to repair bone defects by regulating osteogenesis and angiogenesis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:480. [PMID: 37464413 PMCID: PMC10353205 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04328-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration therapy is clinically important, and targeted regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is important in regenerative medicine. The processing of proteins in the ER controls cell fate. The accumulation of misfolded and unfolded proteins occurs in pathological states, triggering ER stress. ER stress restores homeostasis through three main mechanisms, including protein kinase-R-like ER kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1ɑ (IRE1ɑ) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), collectively known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, the UPR has both adaptive and apoptotic effects. Modulation of ER stress has therapeutic potential for numerous diseases. Repair of bone defects involves both angiogenesis and bone regeneration. Here, we review the effects of ER stress on osteogenesis and angiogenesis, with emphasis on ER stress under high glucose (HG) and inflammatory conditions, and the use of ER stress inducers or inhibitors to regulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis. In addition, we highlight the ability for exosomes to regulate ER stress. Recent advances in the regulation of ER stress mediated osteogenesis and angiogenesis suggest novel therapeutic options for bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Wu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yaping Jiang
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Weipeng Shi
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yingzhen Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59, Haier Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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3
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Bourebaba L, Serwotka-Suszczak A, Pielok A, Sikora M, Mularczyk M, Marycz K. The PTP1B inhibitor MSI-1436 ameliorates liver insulin sensitivity by modulating autophagy, ER stress and systemic inflammation in Equine metabolic syndrome affected horses. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1149610. [PMID: 37020593 PMCID: PMC10067883 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1149610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a multifactorial pathology gathering insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation and past or chronic laminitis. Among the several molecular mechanisms underlying EMS pathogenesis, increased negative insulin signalling regulation mediated by protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 B (PTP1B) has emerged as a critical axis in the development of liver insulin resistance and general metabolic distress associated to increased ER stress, inflammation and disrupted autophagy. Thus, the use of PTP1B selective inhibitors such as MSI-1436 might be considered as a golden therapeutic tool for the proper management of EMS and associated conditions. Therefore, the present investigation aimed at verifying the clinical efficacy of MSI-1436 systemic administration on liver metabolic balance, insulin sensitivity and inflammatory status in EMS affected horses. Moreover, the impact of MSI-1436 treatment on liver autophagy machinery and associated ER stress in liver tissue has been analysed. METHODS Liver explants isolated from healthy and EMS horses have been treated with MSI-1436 prior to gene and protein expression analysis of main markers mediating ER stress, mitophagy and autophagy. Furthermore, EMS horses have been intravenously treated with a single dose of MSI-1436, and evaluated for their metabolic and inflammatory status. RESULTS Clinical application of MSI-1436 to EMS horses restored proper adiponectin levels and attenuated the typical hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. Moreover, administration of MSI-1436 further reduced the circulating levels of key pro-inflammatory mediators including IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF-β and triggered the Tregs cells activation. At the molecular level, PTP1B inhibition resulted in a noticeable mitigation of liver ER stress, improvement of mitochondrial dynamics and consequently, a regulation of autophagic response. Similarly, short-term ex vivo treatment of EMS liver explants with trodusquemine (MSI-1436) substantially enhanced autophagy by upregulating the levels of HSC70 and Beclin-1 at both mRNA and protein level. Moreover, the PTP1B inhibitor potentiated mitophagy and associated expression of MFN2 and PINK1. Interestingly, inhibition of PTP1B resulted in potent attenuation of ER stress key mediators' expression namely, CHOP, ATF6, HSPA5 and XBP1. CONCLUSION Presented findings shed for the first time promising new insights in the development of an MSI-1436-based therapy for proper equine metabolic syndrome intervention and may additionally find potential translational application to human metabolic syndrome treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Anna Serwotka-Suszczak
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ariadna Pielok
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Sikora
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Malwina Mularczyk
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Krzysztof Marycz,
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Downregulation of RIP3 Improves the Protective Effect of ATF6 in an Acute Liver Injury Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8717565. [PMID: 34778458 PMCID: PMC8589516 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8717565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) are important signaling proteins in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and necroptosis, respectively. However, their regulatory relationship and clinical significance are unknown. We investigate the impact of ATF6 on RIP3 expression, and its role in hepatocyte necroptosis in an acute liver injury model. Methods In vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out. LO2 cells were treated with thapsigargin (TG). In vivo, male BALB/c mice were treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4, 1 mL/kg) or tunicamycin (TM, 2 mg/kg). Then, the impact of ATF6 or RIP3 silencing on liver injury, hepatocyte necroptosis, and ER stress-related protein expression was examined. Results TG induced ER stress and necroptosis and ATF6 and RIP3 expression in LO2 cells. The knockdown of ATF6 significantly decreased RIP3 expression (p < 0.05) and increased ER stress and necroptosis. The downregulation of RIP3 significantly reduced necroptosis and ER stress (p < 0.05). Similar results were observed in CCl4 or the TM-induced mouse model. The knockdown of ATF6 significantly decreased CCl4-induced RIP3 expression and increased liver injury, necroptosis, and ER stress in mice livers (p < 0.05). In contrast, the downregulation of RIP3 significantly reduced liver injury, hepatocyte necroptosis, and ER stress. Conclusions Hepatocyte ATF6 has multiple roles in acute liver injury. It reduces hepatocyte necroptosis via negative feedback regulation of ER stress. In addition, ATF6 can upregulate the expression of RIP3, which is not helpful to the recovery process. However, downregulating RIP3 reduces hepatocyte necroptosis by promoting the alleviation of ER stress. The findings suggest that RIP3 could be a plausible target for the treatment of liver injury.
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Sicari D, Centonze FG, Pineau R, Le Reste PJ, Negroni L, Chat S, Mohtar MA, Thomas D, Gillet R, Hupp T, Chevet E, Igbaria A. Reflux of Endoplasmic Reticulum proteins to the cytosol inactivates tumor suppressors. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51412. [PMID: 33710763 PMCID: PMC8724677 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, many studies reported the presence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐resident proteins in the cytosol. However, the mechanisms by which these proteins relocate and whether they exert cytosolic functions remain unknown. We find that a subset of ER luminal proteins accumulates in the cytosol of glioblastoma cells isolated from mouse and human tumors. In cultured cells, ER protein reflux to the cytosol occurs upon ER proteostasis perturbation. Using the ER luminal protein anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) as a proof of concept, we tested whether the refluxed proteins gain new functions in the cytosol. We find that refluxed, cytosolic AGR2 binds and inhibits the tumor suppressor p53. These data suggest that ER reflux constitutes an ER surveillance mechanism to relieve the ER from its contents upon stress, providing a selective advantage to tumor cells through gain‐of‐cytosolic functions—a phenomenon we name ER to Cytosol Signaling (ERCYS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Sicari
- Inserm U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Federica G Centonze
- Inserm U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Raphael Pineau
- Inserm U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre-Jean Le Reste
- Inserm U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France.,Neurosurgery Department, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Luc Negroni
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,UMR7104, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Illkirch, France.,U1258, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Sophie Chat
- CNRS, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), UMR6290, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - M Aiman Mohtar
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Daniel Thomas
- CNRS, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), UMR6290, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Reynald Gillet
- CNRS, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), UMR6290, Univ. Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Ted Hupp
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh University, Edinburgh, UK.,International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Eric Chevet
- Inserm U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Aeid Igbaria
- Inserm U1242, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,Centre de lutte contre le cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France.,Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Jheng JR, Chen YS, Horng JT. Regulation of the proteostasis network during enterovirus infection: A feedforward mechanism for EV-A71 and EV-D68. Antiviral Res 2021; 188:105019. [PMID: 33484748 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2021.105019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The proteostasis network guarantees successful protein synthesis, folding, transportation, and degradation. Mounting evidence has revealed that this network maintains proteome integrity and is linked to cellular physiology, pathology, and virus infection. Human enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) and EV-D68 are suspected causative agents of acute flaccid myelitis, a severe poliomyelitis-like neurologic syndrome with no known cure. In this context, further clarification of the molecular mechanisms underlying EV-A71 and EV-D68 infection is paramount. Here, we summarize the components of the proteostasis network that are intercepted by EV-A71 and EV-D68, as well as antivirals that target this network and may help develop improved antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Jheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Siao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jim-Tong Horng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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7
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Fass D. Going for the Golgi: small PDI protein helps ATF6 perform better under stress. EMBO J 2019; 38:e102743. [PMID: 31328793 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
ATF6 is a major signal transducer for cellular reprogramming in response to protein mis-folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, the mechanism by which ATF6 senses unfolded proteins and becomes activated is not yet known. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Oka et al show that ERp18, a single-domain member of the protein disulfide isomerase family, interacts preferentially with ATF6 under stress conditions and regulates ATF6 transport to the Golgi apparatus. Furthermore, ERp18 impacts the ATF6 cleavage product generated in the Golgi, ultimately determining whether or not ATF6 becomes a functional transcription factor and induces the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Fass
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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8
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Agrawal M, Rastogi M, Dogra S, Pandey N, Basu A, Singh SK. Chandipura virus changes cellular miRNome in human microglial cells. J Med Virol 2019; 94:480-490. [PMID: 31017674 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chandipura virus (CHPV) is a neurotropic virus, known to cause encephalitis in humans. The microRNAs (miRNA/miR) play an important role in the pathogenesis of viral infection. The present study is focused on the role of miRNAs during CHPV (strain 1653514) infection in human microglial cells. The deep sequencing of CHPV-infected human microglial cells identified a total of 12 differentially expressed miRNA (DEMs). To elucidate the role of DEMs, the target gene prediction, Gene Ontology term (GO Term), pathway enrichment analysis, and miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) interaction network analysis was performed. The GO terms and pathway enrichment analysis provided 146 enriched genes; which were involved in interferon response, cytokine and chemokine signaling. Further, the WGCNA (weighted gene coexpression network analysis) of the enriched genes were discretely categorized into three modules (blue, brown, and turquoise). The hub genes in the blue module may correlate to CHPV induced neuroinflammation. Altogether, the miRNA-mRNA interaction network and WGCNA study revealed the following pairs, hsa-miR-542-3p and FAF1, hsa-miR-92a-1-5p and MYD88, and hsa-miR-3187-3p and TNFRSF21, which may contribute to neuroinflammation during CHPV infection in human microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Agrawal
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Meghana Rastogi
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Smriti Dogra
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Neha Pandey
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Anirban Basu
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, India
| | - Sunit K Singh
- Molecular Biology Unit, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Zhou T, Cheng Y, Yan W, Shi X, Xu X, Zhou J, Li J, Chen J, Shen X. TSPA as a novel ATF6α translocation inducer efficiently ameliorates insulin sensitivity restoration and glucose homeostasis in db/db mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:948-953. [PMID: 29626480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6α) as a transducer in unfolded protein response (UPR), plays an important role in liver glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Thus, targeting ATF6α activation has been proposed to be a potential strategy for anti-T2DM drug discovery. Here, we determined that small molecule 2-[5-[1-(4-chlorophenoxy)ethyl]-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl-N-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)acetamide (TSPA) functioned as an ATF6α translocation inducer effectively promoting ATF6α translocation into nucleus and ameliorating glucose homeostasis on db/db mice. TSPA promoted ATF6α translocation into nucleus without incresing C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) expression. TSPA restored the tunicamycin (TM)-stimulated insulin receptor (IR) desensitization through ATF6α activation, inhibited gluconeogenesis and efficiently improved glucose homeostasis on db/db mice. Furthermore, TSPA protected insulin pathway involving p38/X-box binding protein 1s (Xbp1s)/ER chaperones signaling pathway. Our current study has determined that ATF6α was a promising therapeutic target and also highlighted the potential of TSPA in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhou
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yanhua Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenzhong Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaofan Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jinpei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Jiangsu, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xu Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
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