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Hong JY, Bang T, Kim SB, Hong M, Jung J. Atmosphere particulate matter and respiratory diseases during COVID-19 in Korea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10074. [PMID: 38698010 PMCID: PMC11066041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59643-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine the impact of COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on the relationship between air pollutants and hospital admissions for respiratory and non-respiratory diseases in six metropolitan cities in South Korea. This study compared the associations between particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and hospital admission for respiratory and non-respiratory diseases before (2016-2019) and during (2020) the implementation of COVID-19 NPIs by using distributed lag non-linear models. In the Pre-COVID-19 period, the association between PM10 and admission risk for asthma and COPD showed an inverted U-shaped pattern. For PM2.5, S-shaped and inverted U-shaped changes were observed in asthma and COPD, respectively. Extremely high and low levels of PM10 and extremely low levels of PM2.5 significantly decreased the risk of admission for asthma and COPD. In the Post-COVID-19 outbreak period, the overall cumulative relationship between PM10 and PM2.5 and respiratory diseases and the effects of extreme levels of PM10 and PM2.5 on respiratory diseases were completely changed. For non-respiratory diseases, PM10 and PM2.5 were statistically insignificant for admission risk during both periods. Our study may provide evidence that implementing NPIs and reducing PM10 and PM2.5 exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to reducing hospital admissions for environment-based respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Hong
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24253, Republic of Korea
| | - Taemo Bang
- AI Product Team, Gmarket, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Bean Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13, Dokjeom-ro 3beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 38-13, Dokjeom-ro 3beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea.
- Artificial Intelligence and Big-Data Convergence Center, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Chang M, Ku Y. LSTM model for predicting the daily number of asthma patients in Seoul, South Korea, using meteorological and air pollution data. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:37440-37448. [PMID: 36574119 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a common respiratory disease that is affected by air pollutants and meteorological factors. In this study, we developed models that predict the daily number of patients receiving treatment for asthma using air pollution and meteorological data. A neural network with long short-term memory (LSTM) and fully connected (FC) layers was used. The daily number of asthma patients in the city of Seoul, the capital of South Korea, was collected from the National Health Insurance Service. The data from 2015 to 2018 were used as the training and validation datasets for model development. Unseen data from 2019 were used for testing. The daily number of asthma patients per 100,000 inhabitants was predicted. The LSTM-FC neural network model achieved a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.984 (P < 0.001) and root mean square error of 3.472 between the predicted and original values on the unseen testing dataset. The factors that impacted the prediction were the number of asthma patients in the previous time step before the predicted date, type of day (regular day and day after a holiday), minimum temperature, SO2, daily changes in the amount of cloud, and daily changes in diurnal temperature range. We successfully developed a neural network that predicts the onset and exacerbation of asthma, and we identified the crucial influencing air pollutants and meteorological factors. This study will help us to establish appropriate measures according to the daily predicted number of asthma patients and reduce the daily onset and exacerbation of asthma in the susceptible population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munyoung Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, 06974, Seoul, South Korea.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, 08826, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Yunseo Ku
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseong-Gu, 34134, Daejeon, South Korea
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Su M, Qi H, Huang Q, Wang L, Guo X, Wang Q. Acute arsenic exposure exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury possibly by compromising the integrity of the lung epithelial barrier in rats. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159561. [PMID: 36265643 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inhalation of large amounts of arsenic can damage the respiratory tract and may exacerbate the development of bacterial pneumonia, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. In this study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, arsenic trioxide (16.0 μg/kg ATO), lipopolysaccharide (0.5 mg/kg LPS), and ATO combined with LPS (16.0 μg/kg ATO + 0.5 mg/kg LPS) groups. Blood and lung tissue samples were collected from each group 12 h after exposure. The results showed that exposure to ATO or LPS alone produced different effects on leukocytes and inflammatory factors, while combined exposure significantly increased serum interleukin-6, interleukin-10, lung water content, lung lavage fluid protein, and p38 protein phosphorylation levels. Alveolar interstitial thickening, alveolar membrane edema, alveolar type I and II cell matrix vacuolization, and nuclear pyknosis were observed in rats exposed to either ATO or LPS. More severe ultrastructural changes were found in the combined exposure group, and chromatin splitting was observed in alveolar type I cells. Lanthanum nitrate particles leaked from the alveolar vascular lumen in the ATO-exposed group, whereas in the combined exposure group, Evans Blue levels were increased and lanthanum nitrate particles were present in the lung parenchyma. Claudin-3 protein expression increased and claudin-4 expression decreased after ATO or LPS exposure, while claudin-18 expression was unchanged. The changes in claudin-3 and claudin-4 protein expression were further exacerbated by combined exposure. In conclusion, these results suggest that inhalation of ATO may exacerbate the development of bacterial pneumonia and that common mechanisms may exist to synergistically disrupt epithelial barrier integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Su
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China; The Northern District of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Huixiu Qi
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China; School of Public Health, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Qingzhen Huang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xueqi Guo
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100071, China.
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Dąbrowiecki P, Chciałowski A, Dąbrowiecka A, Badyda A. Ambient Air Pollution and Risk of Admission Due to Asthma in the Three Largest Urban Agglomerations in Poland: A Time-Stratified, Case-Crossover Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105988. [PMID: 35627528 PMCID: PMC9140383 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ambient air pollution in urban areas may trigger asthma exacerbations. We carried out a time-series analysis of the association between the concentrations of various air pollutants and the risk of hospital admission due to asthma over 7 days from exposure. We used distributed lag nonlinear models to analyze data gathered between 2010 and 2018 in the three largest urban agglomerations in Poland. Overall, there were 31,919 asthma hospitalizations. Over 7 days since exposure, the rate ratio (95%CI) for admission per 10 µg/m3 was 1.013 (1.002–1.024) for PM10; 1.014 (1.000–1.028) for PM2.5; 1.054 (1.031–1.078) for NO2; and 1.044 for SO2 (95%CI: 0.986–1.104). For all pollutants, the risk of admission was the greatest on the day of exposure (day 0), decreased below baseline on days 1 and 2, and then increased gradually up to day 6. The proportions (95%CI) of hospitalizations attributable to air pollution were 4.52% (0.80%–8.14%) for PM10; 3.74% (0.29%–7.11%) for PM2.5; 16.4% (10.0%–21.8%) for NO2; and 2.50% (−0.75%–5.36%) for SO2. In conclusion, PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 pollution was associated with an increased risk of hospital admission due to asthma in the three largest urban agglomerations in Poland over nine years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Dąbrowiecki
- Department of Allergology and Infectious Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (P.D.); (A.C.)
- Polish Federation of Asthma Allergy and COPD Patients Associations, 01-604 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Chciałowski
- Department of Allergology and Infectious Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland; (P.D.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Artur Badyda
- Polish Federation of Asthma Allergy and COPD Patients Associations, 01-604 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-653 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Wan J, Zhang Q, Li C, Lin J. Prevalence of and risk factors for asthma among people aged 45 and older in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:311. [PMID: 34607590 PMCID: PMC8489100 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases worldwide. This study aimed to determine the updated prevalence of and risk factors for asthma among individuals aged 45 and older in mainland China. Methods The data for this study came from the fourth wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted by the National School of Development of Peking University in 2018. The CHARLS is a nationally representative survey targeting populations aged 45 and over from 28 provinces/cities in mainland China. A representative sample of 19,816 participants was recruited for the study using a multistage stratified sampling method. The prevalence of asthma was determined across different characteristics. The potential risk factors were examined by multivariable logistic regressions. Results A total of 18,395 participants (8744 men and 9651 women) were eligible for the final data analysis. The estimated prevalence of asthma among Chinese people aged ≥ 45 years in 2018 was 2.16% (95% CI 1.96–2.38). The prevalence of asthma significantly differed according to race (P = 0.002), with an overall rate of 2.07% (95% CI 1.86–2.29) in Han paticipants and 3.32% (95% CI 2.50–4.38) in minority participants. Furthermore, the minority ethnicities (OR = 1.55 [95% CI 1.12–2.14], P = 0.008), older age (60–69 years group: OR = 1.85 [95% CI 1.17–2.92], P = 0.008; ≥ 70 years group: OR = 2.63 [95% CI 1.66–4.17], P < 0.001), an education level of middle school or below (middle-school education: OR = 1.88 [95% CI 1.15–3.05], P = 0.011; primary education: OR = 2.48 [95% CI 1.55–3.98], P < 0.001; literate: OR = 2.53 [95% Cl 1.57–4.07], P < 0.001; illiterate: OR = 2.78 [95% CI 1.72–4.49, P < 0.001]), smoking (OR = 1.37 [95% CI 1.11–1.68], P = 0.003), and residence in North (OR = 1.52 [95% CI 1.11–2.09], P = 0.01) or Northwest China (OR = 1.71 [95% CI 1.18–2.49], P = 0.005) were associated with prevalent asthma. Conclusions Asthma is prevalent but underappreciated among middle-aged and elderly people in China. A number of risk factors were identified. These results can help to formulate correct prevention and treatment measures for asthma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Wan
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.,Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangtao Lin
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Lu X, Zhang H, Wang M, Qu F, Li J, Li R, Yan X. Novel insights into the role of BRD4 in fine particulate matter induced airway hyperresponsiveness. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112440. [PMID: 34175826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological research has identified that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can increase airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) which is considered a typical characteristic of asthma. Although the effect of PM2.5 on AHR has been elucidated to a certain degree, its exact mechanism remains unclear. Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is recognized as a member of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family, with the ability to maintain higher-order chromatin configuration and regulate gene expression programs. The primary objective of our study was to examine the role of BRD4 in AHR triggered by PM2.5, and to elucidate its possible molecular mechanism. A mouse model with AHR was established using a nose-only PM2.5 exposure system. We observed that PM2.5 enhanced AHR in the experimental group compared to the control group, and this alteration was accompanied by increased lung inflammation and BRD4 expression in bronchi-lung tissue. However, the BRD4 inhibitor (ZL0420) could alleviate the aforementioned alterations in the mouse model with PM2.5 exposure. To explore the exact molecular mechanism, we further examined the role of BRD4 in human airway smooth muscle cells (hASMCs) after exposure to PM2.5 DMSO extracts. We found that PM2.5 DMSO extracts, which promoted the contraction and migration of hASMCs, was accompanied by an increase in the levels of BRD4, kallikrein 14 (KLK14), bradykinin 2 receptor (B2R), matrix metalloproteinases2(MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinases9(MMP-9), vimentin and bradykinin (BK) secretion, while ZL0420 and BRD4 gene silencing could reverse this response. In summary, these results demonstrate that BRD4 is an important player in AHR triggered by PM2.5, and BRD4 inhibition can ameliorate AHR induced by PM2.5. In addition, PM2.5 DMSO extracts can promote the contraction and migration of hASMCs by increasing BRD4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Huiran Zhang
- Department of Biopharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Fangfang Qu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Rongqin Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China.
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Chao L, Lu M, An Z, Li J, Li Y, Zhao Q, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wu W, Song J. Short-term effect of NO 2 on outpatient visits for dermatologic diseases in Xinxiang, China: a time-series study. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:1-11. [PMID: 33559783 PMCID: PMC7871127 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As the largest organ of the human body, the skin is the major exposure route of NO2. However, the evidence for a relationship between NO2 exposure and dermatologic diseases (DMs) is limited. This time-series study was conducted to assess the short-term effect of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure on DMs outpatient visits in Xinxiang, China. METHODS Daily recordings of NO2 concentrations, meteorological data, and the outpatient visits data for DMs were collected in Xinxiang from January 1st, 2015, to December 31st, 2018. The analysis method used was based on the generalized additive model (GAM) with quasi-Poisson regression to investigate the relationship between NO2 exposure and DMs outpatient visits. Several covariates, such as long-term trends, seasonality, and weather conditions were controlled. RESULTS A total of 164,270 DMs outpatients were recorded. A 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 concentrations during the period was associated with a 1.86% increase in DMs outpatient visits (95% confidence intervals [Cl]: 1.06-2.66%). The effect was stronger (around 6 times) in the cool seasons than in warmer seasons and younger patients (< 15 years of age) appeared to be more vulnerable. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study indicate that short-term exposure to NO2 increases the risk of DMs in Xinxiang, China, especially in the cool seasons. Policymakers should implement more stringent air quality standards to improve air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chao
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Mengxue Lu
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhen An
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Juan Li
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuchun Li
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yinbiao Wang
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Environmental Health, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Jie Song
- Henan International Collaborative Laboratory for Health Effects and Intervention of Air Pollution, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China.
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Lu X, Li R, Yan X. Airway hyperresponsiveness development and the toxicity of PM2.5. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:6374-6391. [PMID: 33394441 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is characterized by excessive bronchoconstriction in response to nonspecific stimuli, thereby leading to airway stenosis and increased airway resistance. AHR is recognized as a key characteristic of asthma and is associated with significant morbidity. At present, many studies on the molecular mechanisms of AHR have mainly focused on the imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell function and the abnormal contraction of airway smooth muscle cells. However, the specific mechanisms of AHR remain unclear and need to be systematically elaborated. In addition, the effect of air pollution on the respiratory system has become a worldwide concern. To date, numerous studies have indicated that certain concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can increase airway responsiveness and induce acute exacerbation of asthma. Of note, the concentration of PM2.5 does correlate with the degree of AHR. Numerous studies exploring the toxicity of PM2.5 have mainly focused on the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, apoptosis, autophagy, and so on. However, there have been few reviews systematically elaborating the molecular mechanisms by which PM2.5 induces AHR. The present review separately sheds light on the underlying molecular mechanisms of AHR and PM2.5-induced AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rongqin Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
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Zhang K, Wang H, He W, Chen G, Lu P, Xu R, Yu P, Ye T, Guo S, Li S, Xie Y, Hao Z, Wang H, Guo Y. The association between ambient air pollution and blood lipids: A longitudinal study in Shijiazhuang, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141648. [PMID: 32889259 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored the associations between ambient air pollution and blood lipid levels. This study aimed to fill this knowledge gap based on a routine health examination cohort in Shijiazhuang, China. METHODS We included 7063 participants who took the routine health examination for 2-3 times at Hebei General Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. Individual serum levels of cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. Their three-month average exposure to air pollution prior to the routine health examinations was estimated using inverse distance weighted method. We used linear mixed-effects regression models to examine the associations between air pollution and levels of blood lipids while controlling for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol drinking, temperature, humidity, with a random effect for each individual. RESULTS Particles with diameters ≤2.5 μm and ≤10 μm (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) were all positively associated with TC, TG, and LDL-C and negatively associated with HDL-C, in single pollutant models. Each 10 μg/m3 increment of 3-month average PM2.5 was associated with 0.65% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03%-1.28%], 0.56% (95%CI: 0.33%-0.79%) and 0.63% (95%CI: 0.35%-0.91%) increment in TG, TC, and LDL-C, and 0.91% (95%CI: 0.68%-1.13%) decrease in HDL-C. In two-pollutant models, the effects of gaseous pollutants on blood lipids were weakened, while those of PMs were strengthened. Stronger associations were presented in the elderly (≥60 years) and overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 24) participants. CONCLUSIONS Ambient air pollution had significantly adverse effects on blood lipid levels, especially in overweight/obese and elderly individuals. CAPSULE Significant associations between increased air pollution and worse blood lipid levels were found, especially in overweight/obese and elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihua Zhang
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Haoyuan Wang
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Weiliang He
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Rongbin Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pei Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tingting Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Suying Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yinyu Xie
- Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihua Hao
- Physical Examination Center of Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hebo Wang
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China; Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Pan R, Wang X, Yi W, Wei Q, Gao J, Xu Z, Duan J, He Y, Tang C, Liu X, Zhou Y, Son S, Ji Y, Zou Y, Su H. Interactions between climate factors and air quality index for improved childhood asthma self-management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137804. [PMID: 32213400 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily air quality index (AQI) forecast can provide early warning information, and it is not clear whether it is appropriate for childhood asthma hospitalizations (CAHs). Furthermore, little is known about the effects of AQI on CAHs, as well as the interactions between temperature, humidity and AQI. METHODS We collected 32,238 cases in Hefei from 2013 to 2016 and estimated the association between daily CAHs and AQI by combining the Poisson Generalized Linear Models (PGLMs) with the Distributed Lag Nonlinear Models (DLNMs). The interaction between AQI and temperature was tested by stratifying AQI and temperature, as well as humidity. RESULTS AQI was associated with an increased risk of hospitalizations for childhood asthma. The adverse effect first appeared on the 3rd day, with the RR of 1.011 (95%CI: 1.000-1.023) and continued until the 19th day of lag (RR = 1.010, 95%CI: 1.001-1.020). In the subgroup analysis, the male and pre-school children were more sensitive to AQI, and there are seasonal differences in the effects of AQI on CAHs. Besides, in a stratified analysis with an AQI of 150, we found synergies between temperature, humidity and AQI. The interaction relative risk (IRR) and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) for the interaction between temperature and AQI were 1.157 (95%CI: 1.029-1.306) and 0.122 (95%CI: 0.022-0.223) respectively. For the humidity, the IRR and RERI were 1.090 (95%CI: 1.056-1.206) and 0.083 (95%CI: 0.083-0.143) respectively. Exploring different subgroups in the interaction analyses, it was worth noting that female and pre-school children were more sensitive to the interaction between AQI and temperature, while school-age children were more sensitive to the interaction between AQI and humidity. CONCLUSIONS The study found that not only AQI can significantly increase the risk of CAHs, but also that under the context of climate change, temperature and humidity have a synergistic effect on AQI, suggesting that considering only the warning information of air pollution is not enough to strengthen the prevention of childhood asthma hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubing Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Anhui provincial Children's hospital, China
| | - Weizhuo Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Qiannan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Jiaojiao Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Zihan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Jun Duan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Yangyang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Xiangguo Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Shasha Son
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Yanhu Ji
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Yanfeng Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, China.
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Cao X, Wang M, Li J, Luo Y, Li R, Yan X, Zhang H. Fine particulate matter increases airway hyperresponsiveness through kallikrein-bradykinin pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110491. [PMID: 32213367 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported short-term fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure to increase incidence of asthma, related to the increase of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Aim of this study was to elucidate the role of kallikrein in PM2.5-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and understand the underlying mechanism. Nose-only PM2.5 exposure system was used to generate a mouse model of airway hyperresponsiveness. Compared with the control group, PM2.5 exposure could significantly increase airway resistance, lung inflammation, kallikrein expression of bronchi-lung tissue and bradykinin (BK) secretion. However, these changes could be alleviated by kallikrein inhibitor. In addition,PM2.5 could increase the viability of human airway smooth muscle cells (hASMCs), accompanied by increased expression of kallikrein 14 (Klk14), bradykinin 2 receptor (B2R), bradykinin secretion and cytosol calcium level, while kallikrein 14 gene knockdown could significantly amelioratethe above response induced by PM2.5. Taken together, the data suggested kallikrein to play a key role in PM2.5-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, and that it could be a potential therapeutic target in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The No.1 Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Rongqin Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China.
| | - Huiran Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, China.
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