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Baltazar-García EA, Vargas-Guerrero B, Gasca-Lozano LE, Gurrola-Díaz CM. Molecular changes underlying pulmonary emphysema and chronic bronchitis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An updated review. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:805-816. [PMID: 38226432 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to update and synthesize the molecular mechanisms that lead to the heterogeneous effect on tissue remodeling observed in the two most important clinical phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary emphysema (PE) and chronic bronchitis (CB). Clinical and experimental evidence suggests that this heterogeneous response to promote PE, CB, or both, is related to differentiated genetic, epigenetic, and molecular conditions. Specifically, a tendency toward PE could be related to a variant in the DSP gene, SIRT1 downregulation, macrophage polarization to M1, as well as the involvement of the noncanonical Wnt5A signaling pathway, among other alterations. Additionally, in advanced stages of COPD, PE development is potentiated by dysregulations in autophagy, which promotes senescence and subsequently cell apoptosis, through exacerbated inflammasome activation and release of caspases. On the other hand, CB or the pro-fibrotic phenotype could be potentiated by the downregulated activity of HDAC2, the activation of the TGF-β/Smad or Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways, macrophage polarization to M2, upregulation of TIMP-1, and/or the presence of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism. Interestingly, the upregulated activity of MMPs, especially MMP-9, is widely involved in the development of both phenotypes. Furthermore, MMP-9 and MMP-12 enhance the severity, perpetuation, and exacerbation of COPD, as well as the development of autoimmunity in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia A Baltazar-García
- Transdisciplinary Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences/Institute for Research in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Campus for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Belinda Vargas-Guerrero
- Transdisciplinary Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences/Institute for Research in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Campus for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luz E Gasca-Lozano
- Transdisciplinary Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences/Institute for Research in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Campus for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Carmen M Gurrola-Díaz
- Transdisciplinary Institute for Research and Innovation in Health Sciences/Institute for Research in Chronic-Degenerative Diseases, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Campus for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
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Werder RB, Zhou X, Cho MH, Wilson AA. Breathing new life into the study of COPD with genes identified from genome-wide association studies. Eur Respir Rev 2024; 33:240019. [PMID: 38811034 PMCID: PMC11134200 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0019-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
COPD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. While the significance of environmental exposures in disease pathogenesis is well established, the functional contribution of genetic factors has only in recent years drawn attention. Notably, many genes associated with COPD risk are also linked with lung function. Because reduced lung function precedes COPD onset, this association is consistent with the possibility that derangements leading to COPD could arise during lung development. In this review, we summarise the role of leading genes (HHIP, FAM13A, DSP, AGER and TGFB2) identified by genome-wide association studies in lung development and COPD. Because many COPD genome-wide association study genes are enriched in lung epithelial cells, we focus on the role of these genes in the lung epithelium in development, homeostasis and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhiannon B Werder
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew A Wilson
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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3
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Buschur KL, Riley C, Saferali A, Castaldi P, Zhang G, Aguet F, Ardlie KG, Durda P, Craig Johnson W, Kasela S, Liu Y, Manichaikul A, Rich SS, Rotter JI, Smith J, Taylor KD, Tracy RP, Lappalainen T, Graham Barr R, Sciurba F, Hersh CP, Benos PV. Distinct COPD subtypes in former smokers revealed by gene network perturbation analysis. Respir Res 2023; 24:30. [PMID: 36698131 PMCID: PMC9875487 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varies significantly in symptomatic and physiologic presentation. Identifying disease subtypes from molecular data, collected from easily accessible blood samples, can help stratify patients and guide disease management and treatment. METHODS Blood gene expression measured by RNA-sequencing in the COPDGene Study was analyzed using a network perturbation analysis method. Each COPD sample was compared against a learned reference gene network to determine the part that is deregulated. Gene deregulation values were used to cluster the disease samples. RESULTS The discovery set included 617 former smokers from COPDGene. Four distinct gene network subtypes are identified with significant differences in symptoms, exercise capacity and mortality. These clusters do not necessarily correspond with the levels of lung function impairment and are independently validated in two external cohorts: 769 former smokers from COPDGene and 431 former smokers in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Additionally, we identify several genes that are significantly deregulated across these subtypes, including DSP and GSTM1, which have been previously associated with COPD through genome-wide association study (GWAS). CONCLUSIONS The identified subtypes differ in mortality and in their clinical and functional characteristics, underlining the need for multi-dimensional assessment potentially supplemented by selected markers of gene expression. The subtypes were consistent across cohorts and could be used for new patient stratification and disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina L Buschur
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of General Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Craig Riley
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aabida Saferali
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter Castaldi
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grace Zhang
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Francois Aguet
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Peter Durda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - W Craig Johnson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Silva Kasela
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Josh Smith
- Northwest Genome Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Tuuli Lappalainen
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Graham Barr
- Division of General Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Frank Sciurba
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Craig P Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Panayiotis V Benos
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Joint CMU-Pitt PhD Program in Computational Biology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, 2004 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA.
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Bonham CA, Noth I. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Genetic Risk Factors, Function, and Mechanisms? The Concepts Are Starting to Gel. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1197-1199. [PMID: 36075070 PMCID: PMC9746834 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202208-1591ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A Bonham
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Imre Noth
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia
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Cho MH, Hobbs BD, Silverman EK. Genetics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: understanding the pathobiology and heterogeneity of a complex disorder. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2022; 10:485-496. [PMID: 35427534 PMCID: PMC11197974 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00510-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a deadly and highly morbid disease. Susceptibility to and heterogeneity of COPD are incompletely explained by environmental factors such as cigarette smoking. Family-based and population-based studies have shown that a substantial proportion of COPD risk is related to genetic variation. Genetic association studies have identified hundreds of genetic variants that affect risk for COPD, decreased lung function, and other COPD-related traits. These genetic variants are associated with other pulmonary and non-pulmonary traits, demonstrate a genetic basis for at least part of COPD heterogeneity, have a substantial effect on COPD risk in aggregate, implicate early-life events in COPD pathogenesis, and often involve genes not previously suspected to have a role in COPD. Additional progress will require larger genetic studies with more ancestral diversity, improved profiling of rare variants, and better statistical methods. Through integration of genetic data with other omics data and comprehensive COPD phenotypes, as well as functional description of causal mechanisms for genetic risk variants, COPD genetics will continue to inform novel approaches to understanding the pathobiology of COPD and developing new strategies for management and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Brian D Hobbs
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Noël A, Perveen Z, Xiao R, Hammond H, Le Donne V, Legendre K, Gartia MR, Sahu S, Paulsen DB, Penn AL. Mmp12 Is Upregulated by in utero Second-Hand Smoke Exposures and Is a Key Factor Contributing to Aggravated Lung Responses in Adult Emphysema, Asthma, and Lung Cancer Mouse Models. Front Physiol 2021; 12:704401. [PMID: 34912233 PMCID: PMC8667558 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.704401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-12 (Mmp12) is upregulated by cigarette smoke (CS) and plays a critical role in extracellular matrix remodeling, a key mechanism involved in physiological repair processes, and in the pathogenesis of emphysema, asthma, and lung cancer. While cigarette smoking is associated with the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) and lung cancer, in utero exposures to CS and second-hand smoke (SHS) are associated with asthma development in the offspring. SHS is an indoor air pollutant that causes known adverse health effects; however, the mechanisms by which in utero SHS exposures predispose to adult lung diseases, including COPD, asthma, and lung cancer, are poorly understood. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that in utero SHS exposure aggravates adult-induced emphysema, asthma, and lung cancer. Methods: Pregnant BALB/c mice were exposed from gestational days 6–19 to either 3 or 10mg/m3 of SHS or filtered air. At 10, 11, 16, or 17weeks of age, female offspring were treated with either saline for controls, elastase to induce emphysema, house-dust mite (HDM) to initiate asthma, or urethane to promote lung cancer. At sacrifice, specific disease-related lung responses including lung function, inflammation, gene, and protein expression were assessed. Results: In the elastase-induced emphysema model, in utero SHS-exposed mice had significantly enlarged airspaces and up-regulated expression of Mmp12 (10.3-fold compared to air-elastase controls). In the HDM-induced asthma model, in utero exposures to SHS produced eosinophilic lung inflammation and potentiated Mmp12 gene expression (5.7-fold compared to air-HDM controls). In the lung cancer model, in utero exposures to SHS significantly increased the number of intrapulmonary metastases at 58weeks of age and up-regulated Mmp12 (9.3-fold compared to air-urethane controls). In all lung disease models, Mmp12 upregulation was supported at the protein level. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that in utero SHS exposures exacerbate lung responses to adult-induced emphysema, asthma, and lung cancer. Our data show that MMP12 is up-regulated at the gene and protein levels in three distinct adult lung disease models following in utero SHS exposures, suggesting that MMP12 is central to in utero SHS-aggravated lung responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Noël
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Zakia Perveen
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Harriet Hammond
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | | | - Kelsey Legendre
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Sushant Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, United States
| | - Daniel B Paulsen
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Arthur L Penn
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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Doubkova M, Kriegova E, Littnerova S, Schneiderova P, Sterclova M, Bartos V, Plackova M, Zurkova M, Bittenglova R, Lostaková V, Siskova L, Lisa P, Suldova H, Doubek M, Psikalova J, Snizek T, Musilova P, Vasakova M. DSP rs2076295 variants influence nintedanib and pirfenidone outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a pilot study. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2021; 15:17534666211042529. [PMID: 34515605 DOI: 10.1177/17534666211042529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antifibrotic drugs nintedanib and pirfenidone are used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We analysed the association of common profibrotic polymorphisms in MUC5B (mucin 5B, rs35705950) and DSP (desmoplakin, rs2076295) on antifibrotic treatment outcomes in IPF. METHODS MUC5B rs35705950 and DSP rs2076295 were assessed in IPF patients (n = 210, 139 men/71 women) from the Czech EMPIRE registry and age- or sex-matched healthy individuals (n = 205, 125 men/80 women). Genetic data were collated with overall survival (OS), acute exacerbation episodes, worsening lung function and antifibrotic treatment. RESULTS We confirmed overexpression of the MUC5B rs35705950*T allele (55.2% versus 20.9%, p < 0.001) and the DSP rs2076295*G allele (80.4% versus 68.3%, p < 0.001) in IPF compared with controls. On antifibrotic drugs, lower mortability was observed in IPF patients with DSP G* allele (p = 0.016) and MUC5B T* allele (p = 0.079). Carriers of the DSP rs2076295*G allele benefitted from nintedanib treatment compared with TT genotype by a longer OS [hazard ratio (HR) = 7.99; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.56-40.90; p = 0.013] and a slower decline in lung function (HR = 8.51; 95% CI = 1.68-43.14; p = 0.010). Patients with a TT genotype (rs2076295) benefitted from treatment with pirfenidone by prolonged OS (p = 0.040; HR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.13-0.95) compared with nintedanib treatment. Both associations were confirmed by cross-validation analysis. After stratifying by MUC5B rs35705950*T allele carriage, no difference in treatment outcome was observed for nintedanib or pirfenidone (p = 0.784). In the multivariate model, smoking, age, forced vital capacity (FVC) and DLCO (diffuse lung capacity) at the IPF diagnosis were associated with survival. CONCLUSION Our real-world study showed that IPF patients with MUC5B T* allele or DSP G* allele profit from antifibrotic treatment by lower mortability. Moreover, carriers of the DSP rs2076295*G allele benefit from treatment with nintedanib, and TT genotype from treatment with pirfenidone. MUC5B rs35705950 did not impact the outcome of treatment with either nintedanib or pirfenidone. Our single-registry pilot study should be confirmed with an independent patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Doubkova
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Jihlavská 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kriegova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Littnerova
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Schneiderova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Sterclova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Bartos
- Department of Pneumology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Plackova
- Department of Pneumology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital in Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Zurkova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Bittenglova
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University and University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimira Lostaková
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Siskova
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Tomáš Baťa Regional Hospital, Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Lisa
- Department of Pneumology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Suldova
- Pulmonary Department, České Budějovice Hospital, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Doubek
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Psikalova
- PneumoAllergology Department, Kroměříž Hospital, Kromeriz, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Snizek
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Jihlava Hospital, Jihlava, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Musilova
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Jihlava Hospital, Jihlava, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vasakova
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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Guzmán-Vargas J, Ambrocio-Ortiz E, Pérez-Rubio G, Ponce-Gallegos MA, Hernández-Zenteno RDJ, Mejía M, Ramírez-Venegas A, Buendia-Roldan I, Falfán-Valencia R. Differential Genomic Profile in TERT, DSP, and FAM13A Between COPD Patients With Emphysema, IPF, and CPFE Syndrome. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:725144. [PMID: 34490311 PMCID: PMC8416604 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.725144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Genetic association studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with lasting lung diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), as well as the simultaneous presentation, known as Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema (CPFE) Syndrome. It is unknown if these diseases share genetic variants previously described in an independent way. This study aims to identify common or differential variants between COPD, IPF, and CPFE. Materials and methods: The association analysis was carried out through a case-control design in a Mexican mestizo population (n = 828); three patients' groups were included: COPD smokers (COPD-S, n = 178), IPF patients (n = 93), and CPFE patients (n = 16). Also, two comparison groups were analyzed: smokers without COPD (SWOC, n = 367) and healthy subjects belonging to the Mexican Pulmonary Aging Cohort (PAC, n = 174). Five SNPs in four genes previously associated to interstitial and obstructive diseases were selected: rs2609255 (FAM13A), rs2736100 (TERT), rs2076295 (DSP) rs5743890, and rs111521887 (TOLLIP). Genotyping was performed by qPCR using predesigned Taqman probes. Results: In comparing IPF vs. PAC, significant differences were found in the frequency of the rs260955 G allele associated with the IPF risk (OR = 1.68, p = 0.01). Also, the genotypes, GG of rs260955 (OR = 2.86, p = 0.01) and TT of rs2076295 (OR = 1.79, p = 0.03) were associated with an increased risk of IPF; after adjusting by covariables, only the rs260955 G allele remain significant (p = 0.01). For the CPFE vs. PAC comparison, an increased CPFE risk was identified since there is a difference in the rs2736100 C allele (OR = 4.02, p < 0.01; adjusted p < 0.01). For COPD-S, the rs2609255 TG genotype was associated with increased COPD risk after adjusting by covariables. Conclusion: The rs2736100 C allele is associated with decreased IPF risk and confers an increased risk for CPFE. Also, the rs2076295 TT genotype is associated with increased IPF risk, while the GG genotype is associated with CFPE susceptibility. The rs2609255 G allele and GG genotype are associated with IPF susceptibility, while the TG genotype is present in patients with emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Guzmán-Vargas
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ambrocio-Ortiz
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Mayra Mejía
- Interstitial Pulmonary Diseases and Rheumatology Unit, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas
- Tobacco Smoking and COPD Research Department, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivette Buendia-Roldan
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
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9
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van Moorsel CHM. Desmoplakin: An Important Player in Aging Lung Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 202:1201-1202. [PMID: 32716632 PMCID: PMC7605188 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202006-2457ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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