1
|
Zhang X, van der Vorst EPC. High-Density Lipoprotein Modifications: Causes and Functional Consequences in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Cells 2024; 13:1113. [PMID: 38994965 PMCID: PMC11240616 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a group of small, dense, and protein-rich lipoproteins that play a role in cholesterol metabolism and various cellular processes. Decreased levels of HDL and HDL dysfunction are commonly observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is also associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Due to hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation that develop in T2DM, HDL undergoes several post-translational modifications such as glycation, oxidation, and carbamylation, as well as other alterations in its lipid and protein composition. It is increasingly recognized that the generation of HDL modifications in T2DM seems to be the main cause of HDL dysfunction and may in turn influence the development and progression of T2DM and its related cardiovascular complications. This review provides a general introduction to HDL structure and function and summarizes the main modifications of HDL that occur in T2DM. Furthermore, the potential impact of HDL modifications on the pathogenesis of T2DM and CVD, based on the altered interactions between modified HDL and various cell types that are involved in glucose homeostasis and atherosclerotic plaque generation, will be discussed. In addition, some perspectives for future research regarding the T2DM-related HDL modifications are addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Zhang
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for CardioRenal Disease (AMICARE), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich (LMU), 80336 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen W, Wu X, Hu J, Liu X, Guo Z, Wu J, Shao Y, Hao M, Zhang S, Hu W, Wang Y, Zhang M, Zhu M, Wang C, Wu Y, Wang J, Xing D. The translational potential of miR-26 in atherosclerosis and development of agents for its target genes ACC1/2, COL1A1, CPT1A, FBP1, DGAT2, and SMAD7. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:21. [PMID: 38195542 PMCID: PMC10777520 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. miR-26 is a potential biomarker of atherosclerosis. Standardized diagnostic tests for miR-26 (MIR26-DX) have been developed, but the fastest progress has been in predicting the efficacy of IFN-α therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, phase 3). MiR-26 slows atherosclerosis development by suppressing ACC1/2, ACLY, ACSL3/4, ALDH3A2, ALPL, BMP2, CD36, COL1A1, CPT1A, CTGF, DGAT2, EHHADH, FAS, FBP1, GATA4, GSK3β, G6PC, Gys2, HMGA1, HMGB1, LDLR, LIPC, IL-1β, IL-6, JAG2, KCNJ2, MALT1, β-MHC, NF-κB, PCK1, PLCβ1, PYGL, RUNX2, SCD1, SMAD1/4/5/7, SREBF1, TAB3, TAK1, TCF7L2, and TNF-α expression. Many agents targeting these genes, such as the ACC1/2 inhibitors GS-0976, PF-05221304, and MK-4074; the DGAT2 inhibitors IONIS-DGAT2Rx, PF-06427878, PF-0685571, and PF-07202954; the COL1A1 inhibitor HT-100; the stimulants 68Ga-CBP8 and RCT-01; the CPT1A inhibitors etomoxir, perhexiline, and teglicar; the FBP1 inhibitors CS-917 and MB07803; and the SMAD7 inhibitor mongersen, have been investigated in clinical trials. Interestingly, miR-26 better reduced intima-media thickness (IMT) than PCSK9 or CT-1 knockout. Many PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab, evolocumab, inclisiran, AZD8233, Civi-007, MK-0616, and LIB003, have been investigated in clinical trials. Recombinant CT-1 was also investigated in clinical trials. Therefore, miR-26 is a promising target for agent development. miR-26 promotes foam cell formation by reducing ABCA1 and ARL4C expression. Multiple materials can be used to deliver miR-26, but it is unclear which material is most suitable for mass production and clinical applications. This review focuses on the potential use of miR-26 in treating atherosclerosis to support the development of agents targeting it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Jianxia Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhu Guo
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Heart Failure Prevention & Treatment of Hengyang, Clinical Medicine Research Center of Arteriosclerotic Disease of Hunan Province, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yingchun Shao
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Minglu Hao
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Weichao Hu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yudong Wu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Toyoshima MTK, Santana MFM, Silva ARM, Mello GB, Santos-Bezerra DP, Goes MFS, Bosco AA, Caramelli B, Ronsein GE, Correa-Giannella ML, Passarelli M. Proteomics of high-density lipoprotein subfractions and subclinical atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:42. [PMID: 36899434 PMCID: PMC10007776 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subclinical atherosclerosis is frequently observed in type 1 diabetes (T1D) although the mechanisms and markers involved in the evolution to established cardiovascular disease are not well known. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol in T1D is normal or even high, and changes in its functionality and proteomics are considered. Our aim was to evaluate the proteomics of HDL subfractions in T1D and control subjects and its association with clinical variables, subclinical atherosclerosis markers and HDL functionality. METHODS A total of 50 individuals with T1D and 30 matched controls were included. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), and ten-year cardiovascular risk (ASCVDR) were determined. Proteomics (parallel reaction monitoring) was determined in isolated HDL2 and HDL3 that were also utilized to measure cholesterol efflux from macrophages. RESULTS Among 45 quantified proteins, 13 in HDL2 and 33 in HDL3 were differentially expressed in T1D and control subjects. Six proteins related to lipid metabolism, one to inflammatory acute phase, one to complement system and one to antioxidant response were more abundant in HDL2, while 14 lipid metabolism, three acute-phase, three antioxidants and one transport in HDL3 of T1D subjects. Three proteins (lipid metabolism, transport, and unknown function) were more abundant in HDL2; and ten (lipid metabolism, transport, protease inhibition), more abundant in HDL3 of controls. Individuals with T1D had higher PWV and ten-year ASCVDR, and lower FMD, Cholesterol efflux from macrophages was similar between T1D and controls. Proteins in HDL2 and HDL3, especially related to lipid metabolism, correlated with PWV, CAN, cholesterol efflux, HDLc, hypertension, glycemic control, ten-year ASCVDR, and statins use. CONCLUSION HDL proteomics can be predictive of subclinical atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes. Proteins that are not involved in reverse cholesterol transport may be associated with the protective role of HDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Tadashi K Toyoshima
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM10), Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-000, Brazil
- Serviço de Onco-Endocrinologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo Octávio Frias de Oliveira, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Monique F M Santana
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM10), Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Amanda R M Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela B Mello
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM10), Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Daniele P Santos-Bezerra
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM18), Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marisa F S Goes
- Laboratório de Aterosclerose, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana A Bosco
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM18), Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Caramelli
- Unidade de Medicina Interdisciplinar em Cardiologia (UnMic), Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clinicas (InCor, HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Graziella E Ronsein
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Correa-Giannella
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM18), Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marisa Passarelli
- Laboratorio de Lipides (LIM10), Hospital das Clinicas (HCFMUSP) Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, Room 3305, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-000, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Denimal D, Monier S, Bouillet B, Vergès B, Duvillard L. High-Density Lipoprotein Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020253. [PMID: 36837872 PMCID: PMC9967905 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations affecting high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are one of the various abnormalities observed in dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Kinetic studies have demonstrated that the catabolism of HDL particles is accelerated. Both the size and the lipidome and proteome of HDL particles are significantly modified, which likely contributes to some of the functional defects of HDLs. Studies on cholesterol efflux capacity have yielded heterogeneous results, ranging from a defect to an improvement. Several studies indicate that HDLs are less able to inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) proinflammatory pathway, and subsequently, the adhesion of monocytes on endothelium and their recruitment into the subendothelial space. In addition, the antioxidative function of HDL particles is diminished, thus facilitating the deleterious effects of oxidized low-density lipoproteins on vasculature. Lastly, the HDL-induced activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is less effective in T2DM and metabolic syndrome, contributing to several HDL functional defects, such as an impaired capacity to promote vasodilatation and endothelium repair, and difficulty counteracting the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Denimal
- INSERM, UMR1231, University of Burgundy, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Biochemistry, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Serge Monier
- INSERM, UMR1231, University of Burgundy, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Benjamin Bouillet
- INSERM, UMR1231, University of Burgundy, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Bruno Vergès
- INSERM, UMR1231, University of Burgundy, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Duvillard
- INSERM, UMR1231, University of Burgundy, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Biochemistry, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|