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Gong G, Wu B, Liu L, Li J, He M. Engineering oleaginous red yeasts as versatile chassis for the production of oleochemicals and valuable compounds: Current advances and perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 76:108432. [PMID: 39163921 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Enabling the transition towards a future circular bioeconomy based on industrial biomanufacturing necessitates the development of efficient and versatile microbial platforms for sustainable chemical and fuel production. Recently, there has been growing interest in engineering non-model microbes as superior biomanufacturing platforms due to their broad substrate range and high resistance to stress conditions. Among these non-conventional microbes, red yeasts belonging to the genus Rhodotorula have emerged as promising industrial chassis for the production of specialty chemicals such as oleochemicals, organic acids, fatty acid derivatives, terpenoids, and other valuable compounds. Advancements in genetic and metabolic engineering techniques, coupled with systems biology analysis, have significantly enhanced the production capacity of red yeasts. These developments have also expanded the range of substrates and products that can be utilized or synthesized by these yeast species. This review comprehensively examines the current efforts and recent progress made in red yeast research. It encompasses the exploration of available substrates, systems analysis using multi-omics data, establishment of genome-scale models, development of efficient molecular tools, identification of genetic elements, and engineering approaches for the production of various industrially relevant bioproducts. Furthermore, strategies to improve substrate conversion and product formation both with systematic and synthetic biology approaches are discussed, along with future directions and perspectives in improving red yeasts as more versatile biotechnological chassis in contributing to a circular bioeconomy. The review aims to provide insights and directions for further research in this rapidly evolving field. Ultimately, harnessing the capabilities of red yeasts will play a crucial role in paving the way towards next-generation sustainable bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Gong
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Rural Energy and Ecology Research Center of CAAS, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Bo Wu
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Rural Energy and Ecology Research Center of CAAS, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Linpei Liu
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Rural Energy and Ecology Research Center of CAAS, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jianting Li
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Rural Energy and Ecology Research Center of CAAS, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Mingxiong He
- Biomass Energy Technology Research Centre, Rural Energy and Ecology Research Center of CAAS, Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Kumari S, Kumari A, Dhiman A, Mihooliya KN, Raje M, Prasad GS, Pinnaka AK. Unveiling the potential of novel Metschnikowia yeast biosurfactants: triggering oxidative stress for promising antifungal and anticancer activity. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:245. [PMID: 39261862 PMCID: PMC11389333 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02489-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sophorolipids are glycolipid biosurfactants with potential antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer applications, rendering them promising for research. Therefore, this study hypothesizes that sophorolipids may have a notable impact on disrupting membrane integrity and triggering the production of reactive oxygen species, ultimately resulting in the eradication of pathogenic microbes. RESULTS The current study resulted in the isolation of two Metschnikowia novel yeast strains. Sophorolipids production from these strains reached maximum yields of 23.24 g/l and 21.75 g/l, respectively, at the bioreactors level. Biosurfactants sophorolipids were characterized using FTIR and LC-MS techniques and found to be a mixture of acidic and lactonic forms with molecular weights of m/z 678 and 700. Our research elucidated sophorolipids' mechanism in disrupting bacterial and fungal membranes through ROS generation, confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and FACS analysis. The results showed that these compounds disrupted the membrane integrity and induced ROS production, leading to cell death in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Fusarium solani. In addition, the anticancer properties of sophorolipids were investigated on the A549 lung cancer cell line and found that sophorolipid-11D (SL-11D) and sophorolipid-11X (SL-11X) disrupted the actin cytoskeleton, as evidenced by immunofluorescence microscopy. The A549 cells were stained with Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide, which showed that they underwent necrosis. This was confirmed by flow cytometric analysis using Annexin/PI staining. The SL-11D and SL-11X molecules exhibited low levels of haemolytic activity and in-vitro cytotoxicity in HEK293, Caco-2, and L929 cell lines. CONCLUSION In this work, novel yeast species CIG-11DT and CIG-11XT, isolated from the bee's gut, produce significant yields of sophorolipids without needing secondary oil sources, indicating a more economical production method. Our research shows that sophorolipids disrupt bacterial and fungal membranes via ROS production. They suggest they may act as chemo-preventive agents by inducing apoptosis in lung cancer cells, offering the potential for enhancing anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeeta Kumari
- Institute of Microbial Technology, CSIR, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Alka Kumari
- Institute of Microbial Technology, CSIR, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Asmita Dhiman
- Institute of Microbial Technology, CSIR, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | | | - Manoj Raje
- Institute of Microbial Technology, CSIR, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - G S Prasad
- Institute of Microbial Technology, CSIR, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India
| | - Anil Kumar Pinnaka
- Institute of Microbial Technology, CSIR, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, 160036, India.
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Malakar C, Ali M, Patowary R, Deka S. Production of Lipopeptide Biosurfactant Using Wastewater from Parboiled Paddy Rice and Evaluation of Antifungal Property of the Biosurfactant Against Two Dermatophyte Fungi. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-05000-7. [PMID: 39088023 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
A previously isolated lipopeptide biosurfactant-producing bacterium Bacillus licheniformis SCV1 was investigated for the production of the biosurfactant using wastewater from parboiled paddy rice. The biosurfactant thus produced was evaluated for its antifungal property against dermatophyte fungi Trichophyton ajelloi and Microsporum fulvum. Results revealed that the bacterial strain reduced surface tension of the media from 56.16 ± 1 mN/m to 35 ± 0.9 mN/m within 12 h, which further shrank to 29.3 ± 1 mN/m in 24 h of incubation. The yield of the biosurfactant was 3.15 ± 0.25 g/L at 48 h of incubation. The obtained biosurfactant exhibited efficient emulsifying activity against a wide range of hydrophobic substrates such as crude oil, olive oil, engine oil, and kerosene oil used in the study. The critical micelle concentration of the biosurfactant was found to be 80 mg/L. Structural characterization using FT-IR and TLC revealed that the biosurfactant produced by the strain in the wastewater is a lipopeptide consisting of surfactin and iturin. LCMS analysis revealed that the surfactin homologs range from C12 to C17-surfactin while the iturin contains C13 to C17-iturin homologs. It also revealed an in vitro study that the biosurfactant has antifungal properties against dermatophyte fungi Trichophyton ajelloi and Microsporum fulvum. Microscopic observation of the hyphae of the treated dermatophyte revealed disruption and fissure of the mycelia. The chemical composition of the wastewater revealed that it contains adequate nutritional composition and micronutrients to support bacterial growth. This is the first report that the wastewater of parboiled paddy could be used as a low-cost substrate for the production of lipopeptide biosurfactant, and the biosurfactant could be used for preventing dermatophytes fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Malakar
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
| | - Mehjabin Ali
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
| | - Rupshikha Patowary
- Department of Biotechnology, The Assam Royal Global University, Betkuchi, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India
| | - Suresh Deka
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, 781035, Assam, India.
- Faculty of Science, Assam Down Town University, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, 781026, Assam, India.
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Aqif M, Shah MUH, Khan R, Umar M, SajjadHaider, Razak SIA, Wahit MU, Khan SUD, Sivapragasam M, Ullah S, Nawaz R. Glycolipids biosurfactants production using low-cost substrates for environmental remediation: progress, challenges, and future prospects. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:47475-47504. [PMID: 39017873 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
The production of renewable materials from alternative sources is becoming increasingly important to reduce the detrimental environmental effects of their non-renewable counterparts and natural resources, while making them more economical and sustainable. Chemical surfactants, which are highly toxic and non-biodegradable, are used in a wide range of industrial and environmental applications harming humans, animals, plants, and other entities. Chemical surfactants can be substituted with biosurfactants (BS), which are produced by microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and yeast. They have excellent emulsifying, foaming, and dispersing properties, as well as excellent biodegradability, lower toxicity, and the ability to remain stable under severe conditions, making them useful for a variety of industrial and environmental applications. Despite these advantages, BS derived from conventional resources and precursors (such as edible oils and carbohydrates) are expensive, limiting large-scale production of BS. In addition, the use of unconventional substrates such as agro-industrial wastes lowers the BS productivity and drives up production costs. However, overcoming the barriers to commercial-scale production is critical to the widespread adoption of these products. Overcoming these challenges would not only promote the use of environmentally friendly surfactants but also contribute to sustainable waste management and reduce dependence on non-renewable resources. This study explores the efficient use of wastes and other low-cost substrates to produce glycolipids BS, identifies efficient substrates for commercial production, and recommends strategies to improve productivity and use BS in environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aqif
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute, Topi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23460, Pakistan
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansoor Ul Hassan Shah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Chemical and Industrial Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Rawaiz Khan
- College of Dentistry, Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, King Saud University, 11545, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute, Topi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23460, Pakistan
| | - SajjadHaider
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saiful Izwan Abd Razak
- BioInspired Device and Tissue Engineering Research Group, School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
- Sports Innovation & Technology Centre, Institute of Human Centred Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81300, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mat Uzir Wahit
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Skudai, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Salah Ud-Din Khan
- College of Engineering, Sustainable Energy Center Technologies, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magaret Sivapragasam
- Faculty of Integrated Life Sciences, School of Integrated Sciences (SIS), School of Postgraduate Studies, Research and Internationalization, Quest International University, 30250, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Shafi Ullah
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, PirMehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Shamsabad, Murree Rd, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, PirMehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Shamsabad, Murree Rd, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Kot AM, Sęk W, Kieliszek M, Błażejak S, Pobiega K, Brzezińska R. Diversity of Red Yeasts in Various Regions and Environments of Poland and Biotechnological Potential of the Isolated Strains. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3274-3316. [PMID: 37646889 PMCID: PMC11166788 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing demand for natural carotenoids, researchers have been searching for strains that are capable of efficient synthesis of these compounds. This study tested 114 red yeast strains collected from various natural environments and food specimens in Poland. The strains were isolated by their ability to produce red or yellow pigments in rich nutrient media. According to potential industrial significance of the carotenoids, both their total production and share of individual carotenoids (β-carotene, γ-carotene, torulene, and torularhodin) were analyzed. The total content of carotenoid pigments in the yeast dry matter ranged from 13.88 to 406.50 µg/g, and the percentages of individual carotenoids highly varied among the strains. Most of the yeast isolates synthesized torulene at the highest amount. Among the studied strains, isolates with a total carotenoid content in biomass greater than 200 µg/g and those containing more than 60% torularhodin were selected for identification (48 strains). The identified strains belonged to six genera: Rhodotorula, Sporidiobolus, Sporobolomyces, Buckleyzyma, Cystofilobasidium, and Erythrobasidium. The largest number of isolates belonged to Rhodotorula babjevae (18), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (7), Sporidiobolus pararoseus (4), and Rhodotorula glutinis (4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Kot
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wioletta Sęk
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Błażejak
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pobiega
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rita Brzezińska
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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6
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Georgescu AM, Corbu VM, Csutak O. Molecular Basis of Yeasts Antimicrobial Activity-Developing Innovative Strategies for Biomedicine and Biocontrol. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4721-4750. [PMID: 38785553 PMCID: PMC11119588 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of the growing concern regarding the appearance and spread of emerging pathogens with high resistance to chemically synthetized biocides, the development of new agents for crops and human protection has become an emergency. In this context, the yeasts present a huge potential as eco-friendly agents due to their widespread nature in various habitats and to their wide range of antagonistic mechanisms. The present review focuses on some of the major yeast antimicrobial mechanisms, their molecular basis and practical applications in biocontrol and biomedicine. The synthesis of killer toxins, encoded by dsRNA virus-like particles, dsDNA plasmids or chromosomal genes, is encountered in a wide range of yeast species from nature and industry and can affect the development of phytopathogenic fungi and other yeast strains, as well as human pathogenic bacteria. The group of the "red yeasts" is gaining more interest over the last years, not only as natural producers of carotenoids and rhodotorulic acid with active role in cell protection against the oxidative stress, but also due to their ability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic yeasts, fungi and bacteria using these compounds and the mechanism of competition for nutritive substrate. Finally, the biosurfactants produced by yeasts characterized by high stability, specificity and biodegrability have proven abilities to inhibit phytopathogenic fungi growth and mycelia formation and to act as efficient antibacterial and antibiofilm formation agents for biomedicine. In conclusion, the antimicrobial activity of yeasts represents a direction of research with numerous possibilities of bioeconomic valorization as innovative strategies to combat pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Georgescu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1-3, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.G.); (V.M.C.)
| | - Viorica Maria Corbu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1-3, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.G.); (V.M.C.)
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, B.P. Hasdeu Street 7, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ortansa Csutak
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Aleea Portocalelor 1-3, 060101 Bucharest, Romania; (A.-M.G.); (V.M.C.)
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, B.P. Hasdeu Street 7, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
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7
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Mukadam H, Gaikwad SV, Kutty NN, Gaikwad VD. Bioformulation of Bacillus proteolyticus MITWPUB1 and its biosurfactant to control the growth of phytopathogen Sclerotium rolfsii for the crop Brassica juncea var local, as a sustainable approach. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1362679. [PMID: 38707507 PMCID: PMC11066288 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1362679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacillus proteolyticus MITWPUB1 is a potential producer of biosurfactants (BSs), and the organism is also found to be a producer of plant growth promoting traits, such as hydrogen cyanide and indole acetic acid (IAA), and a solubilizer of phosphate. The BSs were reportedly a blend of two classes, namely glycolipids and lipopeptides, as found by thin layer chromatography and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. Furthermore, semi-targeted metabolite profiling via liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy revealed the presence of phospholipids, lipopeptides, polyamines, IAA derivatives, and carotenoids. The BS showed dose-dependent antagonistic activity against Sclerotium rolfsii; scanning electron microscopy showed the effects of the BS on S. rolfsii in terms of mycelial deformations and reduced branching patterns. In vitro studies showed that the application of B. proteolyticus MITWPUB1 and its biosurfactant to seeds of Brassica juncea var local enhanced the seed germination rate. However, sawdust-carrier-based bioformulation with B. proteolyticus MITWPUB1 and its BS showed increased growth parameters for B. juncea var L. This study highlights a unique bioformulation combination that controls the growth of the phytopathogen S. rolfsii and enhances the plant growth of B. juncea var L. Bacillus proteolyticus MITWPUB1 was also shown for the first time to be a prominent BS producer with the ability to control the growth of the phytopathogen S. rolfsii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Mukadam
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, School of Science and Environment Studies, Faculty of Science and Health Science, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shikha V. Gaikwad
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, School of Science and Environment Studies, Faculty of Science and Health Science, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nithya N. Kutty
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, School of Science and Environment Studies, Faculty of Science and Health Science, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikrant D. Gaikwad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Jama D, Łaba W, Kruszelnicki M, Polowczyk I, Lazar Z, Janek T. Bioconversion of waste glycerol into viscosinamide by Pseudomonas fluorescens DR54 and its activity evaluation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1531. [PMID: 38233450 PMCID: PMC10794706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipopeptides, derived from microorganisms, are promising surface-active compounds known as biosurfactants. However, the high production costs of biosurfactants, associated with expensive culture media and purification processes, limit widespread industrial application. To enhance the sustainability of biosurfactant production, researchers have explored cost-effective substrates. In this study, crude glycerol was evaluated as a promising and economical carbon source in viscosinamide production by Pseudomonas fluorescens DR54. Optimization studies using the Box - Behnken design and response surface methodology were performed. Optimal conditions for viscosinamide production including glycerol 70.8 g/L, leucine 2.7 g/L, phosphate 3.7 g/L, and urea 9.3 g/L were identified. Yield of viscosinamide production, performed under optimal conditions, reached 7.18 ± 0.17 g/L. Preliminary characterization of viscosinamide involved the measurement of surface tension. The critical micelle concentration of lipopeptide was determined to be 5 mg/L. Furthermore, the interactions between the viscosinamide and lipase from Candida rugosa (CRL) were investigated by evaluating the impact of viscosinamide on lipase activity and measuring circular dichroism. It was observed that the α-helicity of CRL increases with increasing viscosinamide concentration, while the random coil structure decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Jama
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Łaba
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kruszelnicki
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymers and Carbon Materials, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Polowczyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymers and Carbon Materials, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Lazar
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland.
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Kumar S, Verma NK, Basotra SD, Sharma D, Prasad GS, Bhattacharyya MS. Harnessing dual applications of a novel ascomycetes yeast, Starmerella cerana sp. nov., as a biocatalyst for stereoselective ketone reduction and biosurfactant production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1264826. [PMID: 37941721 PMCID: PMC10628682 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1264826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: New bioresources for catalytic application and fine chemical synthesis are the need of the hour. In an effort to find out new biocatalyst for oxidation-reduction reaction, leading to the synthesis of chiral intermediates, novel yeast were isolated from unique niche and employed for the synthesis of value added compounds. Methods: To determine the genetic relatedness of the isolated strain, HSB-15T, sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and D1/D2 domains of the 26S rRNA gene sequence was carried out. The distinctive features of the strain HSB-15T were also identified by phenotypic characterization. The isolated strain HSB-15T was employed for the reduction of selected naphthyl ketones to their corresponding alcohols and a biosurfactant was isolated from its culture broth. Results: The analysis of the ITS and D1/D2 domains of the 26S rRNA gene revealed that strain HSB-15T is closely related to the type strain of Starmerella vitae (CBS 15147T) with 96.3% and 97.7% sequence similarity, respectively. However, concatenated sequences of the ITS gene and D1/D2 domain showed 94.6% sequence similarity. Phenotypic characterization indicated significant differences between strain HSB-15T and its closely related species and consequently, it was identified as a novel species, leading to the proposal of the name Starmerella cerana sp. nov. The strain was able to reduce selected naphthyl ketones to their corresponding alcohols with remarkable efficiency, within a 12-hours. The strain HSB-15T also produced a surfactant in its culture broth, identified as sophorolipid upon analysis. Discussion: The study explored the potential of the novel strain, HSB-15T, as a whole-cell biocatalyst for the reduction of naphthyl ketones to their corresponding alcohols and also reports its capability to produce sophorolipid, a biosurfactant, in its culture broth. This dual functionality of HSB-15T both as biocatalyst and biosurfactant producer enhances its applicability in biotechnology and environmental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Nitish Kumar Verma
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre (BERPDC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandal Deep Basotra
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre (BERPDC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Divya Sharma
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre (BERPDC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - G. S. Prasad
- Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Mani Shankar Bhattacharyya
- Biochemical Engineering Research and Process Development Centre (BERPDC), CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
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Mohy Eldin A, Hossam N. Microbial surfactants: characteristics, production and broader application prospects in environment and industry. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:1013-1042. [PMID: 37651735 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2175364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Microbial surfactants are green molecules with high surface activities having the most promising advantages over chemical surfactants including their ability to efficiently reducing surface and interfacial tension, nontoxic emulsion-based formulations, biocompatibility, biodegradability, simplicity of preparation from low cost materials such as residual by-products and renewable resources at large scales, effectiveness and stabilization under extreme conditions and broad spectrum antagonism of pathogens to be part of the biocontrol strategy. Thus, biosurfactants are universal tools of great current interest. The present work describes the major types and microbial origin of surfactants and their production optimization from agro-industrial wastes in the batch shake-flasks and bioreactor systems through solid-state and submerged fermentation industries. Various downstream strategies that had been developed to extract and purify biosurfactants are discussed. Further, the physicochemical properties and functional characteristics of biosurfactants open new future prospects for the development of efficient and eco-friendly commercially successful biotechnological product compounds with diverse potential applications in environment, industry, biomedicine, nanotechnology and energy-saving technology as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohy Eldin
- Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environmental Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
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Wojciechowski K, Borucka K, Mierzejewska J. Are all yeast biosurfactants really capable of lowering surface tension below 30 mN/m ? Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 230:113503. [PMID: 37586111 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The study discusses pitfalls in attempts to determine reliable surface tension values for the culture media and their extracts for two biosurfactant-producing yeast strains: Rhodotorula graminis and Rhodotorula babjevae. The values obtained from an Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis (ADSA) tensiometer showed systematically more and more shallow dynamic surface tension decays, suggesting a deterioration of their surface activity. The rate of this apparent surface activity loss was shown to depend on the sample history, with slower changes observed in vigorously shaken samples. On the other hand, the force-based Wilhelmy plate method provided apparently stable surface tension values of the order of 30 mN/m, in accordance with numerous previous literature reports on similar yeast biosurfactants. Both observations can be justified by the presence of an oil emulsified by biosurfactants produced by the yeast. We show that the odd (apparent) surface tension results are in fact the measurement artifacts resulting from slow demulsification and subsequent oil-spreading assisted by the yeast biosurfactants. The apparent surface tension reduction is thus indeed caused by the presence of biosurfactants, but its value does not represent their real adsorption in a thermodynamic sense. Consequently, the often reported in the literature very low surface tension values for the yeast culture media, of the order of 30 ± 5 mN/m, should be treated with caution, especially if the emulsion stabilized with the biosurfactant had not been fully destabilized prior to the measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Wojciechowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Chemistry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Karolina Borucka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Mierzejewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Al-hazmi MA, Moussa TAA, Alhazmi NM. Statistical Optimization of Biosurfactant Production from Aspergillus niger SA1 Fermentation Process and Mathematical Modeling. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1238-1249. [PMID: 37449330 PMCID: PMC10580895 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2303.03005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we sought to investigate the production and optimization of biosurfactants by soil fungi isolated from petroleum oil-contaminated soil in Saudi Arabia. Forty-four fungal isolates were isolated from ten petroleum oil-contaminated soil samples. All isolates were identified using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and biosurfactant screening showed that thirty-nine of the isolates were positive. Aspergillus niger SA1 was the highest biosurfactant producer, demonstrating surface tension, drop collapsing, oil displacement, and an emulsification index (E24) of 35.8 mN/m, 0.55 cm, 6.7 cm, and 70%, respectively. This isolate was therefore selected for biosurfactant optimization using the Fit Group model. The biosurfactant yield was increased 1.22 times higher than in the nonoptimized medium (8.02 g/l) under conditions of pH 6, temperature 35°C, waste frying oil (5.5 g), agitation rate of 200 rpm, and an incubation period of 7 days. Model significance and fitness analysis had an RMSE score of 0.852 and a p-value of 0.0016. The biosurfactant activities were surface tension (35.8 mN/m), drop collapsing (0.7 cm), oil displacement (4.5 cm), and E24 (65.0%). The time course of biosurfactant production was a growth-associated phase. The main outputs of the mathematical model for biomass yield were Yx/s (1.18), and μmax (0.0306) for biosurfactant yield was Yp/s (1.87) and Yp/x (2.51); for waste frying oil consumption the So was 55 g/l, and Ke was 2.56. To verify the model's accuracy, percentage errors between biomass and biosurfactant yields were determined by experimental work and calculated using model equations. The average error of biomass yield was 2.68%, and the average error percentage of biosurfactant yield was 3.39%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour A. Al-hazmi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek A. A. Moussa
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Nuha M. Alhazmi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Adu SA, Twigg MS, Naughton PJ, Marchant R, Banat IM. Glycolipid Biosurfactants in Skincare Applications: Challenges and Recommendations for Future Exploitation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114463. [PMID: 37298939 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The 21st century has seen a substantial increase in the industrial applications of glycolipid biosurfactant technology. The market value of the glycolipid class of molecules, sophorolipids, was estimated to be USD 409.84 million in 2021, with that of rhamnolipid molecules projected to reach USD 2.7 billion by 2026. In the skincare industry, sophorolipid and rhamnolipid biosurfactants have demonstrated the potential to offer a natural, sustainable, and skin-compatible alternative to synthetically derived surfactant compounds. However, there are still many barriers to the wide-scale market adoption of glycolipid technology. These barriers include low product yield (particularly for rhamnolipids) and potential pathogenicity of some native glycolipid-producing microorganisms. Additionally, the use of impure preparations and/or poorly characterised congeners as well as low-throughput methodologies in the safety and bioactivity assessment of sophorolipids and rhamnolipids challenges their increased utilisation in both academic research and skincare applications. This review considers the current trend towards the utilisation of sophorolipid and rhamnolipid biosurfactants as substitutes to synthetically derived surfactant molecules in skincare applications, the challenges associated with their application, and relevant solutions proposed by the biotechnology industry. In addition, we recommend experimental techniques/methodologies, which, if employed, could contribute significantly to increasing the acceptance of glycolipid biosurfactants for use in skincare applications while maintaining consistency in biosurfactant research outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simms A Adu
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Matthew S Twigg
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Group, Biomedical Science Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Patrick J Naughton
- The Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Roger Marchant
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Group, Biomedical Science Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Ibrahim M Banat
- Pharmaceutical Science Research Group, Biomedical Science Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
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Al-Kashef AS, Nooman MU, Rashad MM, Hashem AH, Abdelraof M. Production and optimization of novel Sphorolipids from Candida parapsilosis grown on potato peel and frying oil wastes and their adverse effect on Mucorales fungal strains. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:79. [PMID: 37095542 PMCID: PMC10125861 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BRIEF INTRODUCTION Mucormycosis disease, which has recently expanded with the Covid 19 pandemic in many countries, endangers patients' lives, and treatment with common drugs is fraught with unfavorable side effects. AIM AND OBJECTIVES This study deals with the economic production of sophorolipids (SLs) from different eight fungal isolates strains utilizing potato peels waste (PPW) and frying oil waste (FOW). Then investigate their effect against mucormycetes fungi. RESULTS The screening of the isolates for SLs production revealed the highest yield (39 g/100 g substrate) with most efficiency was related to a yeast that have been identified genetically as Candida parapsilosis. Moreover, the characterizations studies of the produced SLs by FTIR, 1H NMR and LC-MS/MS proved the existence of both acidic and lactonic forms, while their surface activity was confirmed by the surface tension (ST) assessment. The SLs production was optimized utilizing Box-Behnken design resulting in the amelioration of yield by 30% (55.3 g/100 g substrate) and ST by 20.8% (38mN/m) with constant level of the critical micelle concentration (CMC) at 125 mg/L. The studies also revealed the high affinity toward soybean oil (E24 = 50%), in addition to maintaining the emulsions stability against broad range of pH (4-10) and temperature (10-100℃). Furthermore, the antifungal activity against Mucor racemosus, Rhizopus microsporus, and Syncephalastrum racemosum proved a high inhibition efficiency of the produced SLs. CONCLUSION The findings demonstrated the potential application of the SLs produced economically from agricultural waste as an effective and safer alternative for the treatment of infection caused by black fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr S Al-Kashef
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Mohamed U Nooman
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Mona M Rashad
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Abdelraof
- Microbial Chemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Dokki, Egypt.
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Gu X, Xu L, Yuan H, Li C, Zhao J, Li S, Yu D. Sophorolipid-toluidine blue conjugates for improved antibacterial photodynamic therapy through high accumulation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11782-11793. [PMID: 37077994 PMCID: PMC10106977 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01618h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-bacterial photodynamic therapy is the most promising treatment protocol for bacterial infection, but low accumulation of photosensitizers has seriously hindered their development in clinical application. Here, with inherent outstanding affinity to bacterial cell envelope, sophorolipid produced from Candida bombicola has been conjugated to toluidine blue (SL-TB) through amidation reaction. The structure of SL-TB conjugates was identified by 1H-NMR, FT-IR and ESI-HRMS. The interfacial assembly and photophysical properties of SL-TB conjugates have been disclosed through surface tension, micro-polarity, electronic and fluorescence spectra. After light irradiation, the log10 (reduced CFU) of free toluidine blue to P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were 4.5 and 7.9, respectively. In contrast, SL-TB conjugates showed a higher bactericidal activity, with a reduction of 6.3 and 9.7 log10 units of CFU against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively. The fluorescence quantitative results showed that SL-TB could accumulate 2850 nmol/1011 cells and 4360 nmol/1011 cells by P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, which was much higher than the accumulation of 462 nmol/1011 cells and 827 nmol/1011 cells of free toluidine blue. Through the cooperation of triple factors, including sophorose affinity to bacterial cells, hydrophobic association with plasma membrane, and electrostatic attraction, higher SL-TB accumulation was acquired, which has enhanced antibacterial photodynamic efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Gu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China +86-25-58139386
| | - Lixian Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University No.121 Jiangjiayuan Road Nanjing 210000 P. R. China
| | - Haoyang Yuan
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China +86-25-58139386
| | - Cailing Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China +86-25-58139386
| | - Juan Zhao
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China +86-25-58139386
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China +86-25-58139386
| | - Dinghua Yu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 PR China +86-25-58139386
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Pal S, Chatterjee N, Das AK, McClements DJ, Dhar P. Sophorolipids: A comprehensive review on properties and applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 313:102856. [PMID: 36827914 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Sophorolipids are surface-active glycolipids produced by several non-pathogenic yeast species and are widely used as biosurfactants in several industrial applications. Sophorolipids provide a plethora of benefits over chemically synthesized surfactants for certain applications like bioremediation, oil recovery, and pharmaceuticals. They are, for instance less toxic, more benign and environment friendly in nature, biodegradable, freely adsorb to different surfaces, self-assembly in hydrated solutions, robustness for industrial applications etc. These miraculous properties result in valuable physicochemical attributes such as low critical micelle concentrations (CMCs), reduced interfacial surface tension, and capacity to dissolve non-polar components. Moreover, they exhibit a diverse range of physicochemical, functional, and biological attributes due to their unique molecular composition and structure. In this article, we highlight the physico-chemical properties of sophorolipids, how these properties are exploited by the human community for extensive benefits and the conditions which lead to their unique tailor-made structures and how they entail their interfacial behavior. Besides, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of these sophorolipids. We also review their physiological and functional attributes, along with their potential commercial applications, in real-world scenario. Biosurfactants are compared to their man-made equivalents to show the variations in structure-property correlations and possible benefits. Those attempting to manufacture purported natural or green surfactant with innovative and valuable qualities can benefit from an understanding of biosurfactant features structured along the same principles. The uniqueness of this review article is the detailed physico-chemical study of the sophorolipid biosurfactant and how these properties helps in their usage and detailed explicit study of their applications in the current scenario and also covering their pros and cons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srija Pal
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road, Kolkata 700027, West Bengal, India
| | - Niloy Chatterjee
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road, Kolkata 700027, West Bengal, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD 2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 098, West Bengal, India
| | - Arun K Das
- Eastern Regional Station, ICAR-IVRI, 37 Belgachia Road, Kolkata 700037, West Bengal, India
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Pubali Dhar
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road, Kolkata 700027, West Bengal, India; Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD 2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 098, West Bengal, India.
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Madankar CS, Borde PK. Review on sophorolipids – a promising microbial bio-surfactant. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/tsd-2022-2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Surfactants are amphiphilic molecules used primarily for cleaning. Petroleum-based surfactants have a high production rate, but are non-biodegradable and destructive to the environment. Environmentally friendly biosurfactants are therefore becoming increasingly important. In addition to not being toxic; they are environmentally safe and mild to the skin. Depending on their structure, there are different types of biosurfactants. One of the types are the glycolipids, they are low molecular weight biosurfactants, and consist of sophorolipids. Sophorolipids are getting more attention as alternative to petroleum-based surfactants due to excellent stability at various pH levels, temperatures, and salinities. In addition to being anti-microbial, they have excellent wetting and foaming abilities and act as emulsifiers. There are numerous applications of sophorolipids in food, agriculture, biomedicine, cosmetics and personal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandu S. Madankar
- Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology , Institute of Chemical Technology , Mumbai , India
| | - Priti K. Borde
- Department of Oils, Oleochemicals and Surfactants Technology , Institute of Chemical Technology , Mumbai , India
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Moshe M, Gupta CL, Sela N, Minz D, Banin E, Frenkel O, Cytryn E. Comparative genomics of Bacillus cereus sensu lato spp. biocontrol strains in correlation to in-vitro phenotypes and plant pathogen antagonistic capacity. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:996287. [PMID: 36846749 PMCID: PMC9947482 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.996287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus cereus sensu lato (Bcsl) strains are widely explored due to their capacity to antagonize a broad range of plant pathogens. These include B. cereus sp. UW85, whose antagonistic capacity is attributed to the secondary metabolite Zwittermicin A (ZwA). We recently isolated four soil and root-associated Bcsl strains (MO2, S-10, S-25, LSTW-24) that displayed different growth profiles and in-vitro antagonistic effects against three soilborne plant pathogens models: Pythium aphanidermatum (oomycete) Rhizoctonia solani (basidiomycete), and Fusarium oxysporum (ascomycete). To identify genetic mechanisms potentially responsible for the differences in growth and antagonistic phenotypes of these Bcsl strains, we sequenced and compared their genomes, and that of strain UW85 using a hybrid sequencing pipeline. Despite similarities, specific Bcsl strains had unique secondary metabolite and chitinase-encoding genes that could potentially explain observed differences in in-vitro chitinolytic potential and anti-fungal activity. Strains UW85, S-10 and S-25 contained a (~500 Kbp) mega-plasmid that harbored the ZwA biosynthetic gene cluster. The UW85 mega-plasmid contained more ABC transporters than the other two strains, whereas the S-25 mega-plasmid carried a unique cluster containing cellulose and chitin degrading genes. Collectively, comparative genomics revealed several mechanisms that can potentially explain differences in in-vitro antagonism of Bcsl strains toward fungal plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Moshe
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
- Institute of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Chhedi Lal Gupta
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
| | - Noa Sela
- Institute of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
| | - Dror Minz
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
| | - Ehud Banin
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Omer Frenkel
- Institute of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon-Lezion, Israel
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Biodegradation of Selected Hydrocarbons by Fusarium Species Isolated from Contaminated Soil Samples in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020216. [PMID: 36836330 PMCID: PMC9966121 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial biodegradation of oil-hydrocarbons is one of the sustainable and cost-effective methods to remove petroleum spills from contaminated environments. The current study aimed to investigate the biodegradation abilities of three Fusarium isolates from oil reservoirs in Saudi Arabia. The novelty of the current work is that the biodegradation ability of these isolates was never tested against some natural hydrocarbons of variable compositions, such as Crude oil, and those of known components such as kerosene and diesel oils. METHODS The isolates were treated with five selected hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbon tolerance test in solid and liquid media was performed. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigated the morphological changes of treated fungi. 2, 6-Dichlorophenol Indophenol (DCPIP), drop collapse, emulsification activity, and oil Spreading assays investigated the biodegradation ability. The amount of produced biosurfactants was measured, and their safety profile was estimated by the germination assay of tomato seeds. RESULTS The tolerance test showed enhanced fungal growth of all isolates, whereas the highest dose inhibition response (DIR) was 77% for Fusarium proliferatum treated with the used oil (p < 0.05). SEM showed morphological changes in all isolates. DCPIP results showed that used oil had the highest biodegradation by Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium oxysporum. Mixed oil induced the highest effect in oil spreading, drop collapse, and emulsification assay caused by F. proliferatum. The highest recovery of biosurfactants was obtained by the solvent extraction method for F. verticillioides (4.6 g/L), F. proliferatum (4.22 g/L), and F. oxysporum (3.73 g/L). The biosurfactants produced by the three isolates stimulated tomato seeds' germination more than in control experiments. CONCLUSION The current study suggested the possible oil-biodegradation activities induced by three Fusarium isolates from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The produced biosurfactants are not toxic against tomato seed germination, emphasizing their environmental sustainability. Further studies are required to investigate the mechanism of biodegradation activities and the chemical composition of the biosurfactants produced by these species.
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Draft Genome Sequence of the Sophorolipid-Producing Yeast Pseudohyphozyma bogoriensis ATCC 18809. Microbiol Resour Announc 2023; 12:e0056622. [PMID: 36448832 PMCID: PMC9872583 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00566-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudohyphozyma bogoriensis is gaining attention as a microbial source of high-value sophorolipids. We report here on its genomic sequence, which will improve our understanding of its metabolic pathways and allow the development of genome manipulation systems. PacBio sequencing was performed, yielding a 26-Mbp genome with 57% GC content and encoding 7,847 predicted proteins.
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21
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Nooman MU, Al-Kashef AS, Rashad MM, Khattab AENA, Ahmed KA, Abbas SS. Sophorolipids produced by Yarrowia lipolytica grown on Moringa oleifera oil cake protect against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats: impact on TLR-4/p-JNK/NFκB-p65 pathway. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:544-558. [PMID: 36680771 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) activation plays a major role in triggering oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation implicated in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Due to sophorolipids (SLs) antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, they are interestingly becoming more valued for their potential effectiveness in treating a variety of diseases. This study was designed to explore the effect of SLs produced by microbial conversion of Moringa oleifera oil cake using isolated yeast Yarrowia lipolytica against UC induced by acetic acid (AA) in rats. METHODS The produced SLs were identified by FTIR, 1H NMR and LC-MS/MS spectra, and administered orally for 7 days (200 mg/kg/day) before AA (2 ml, 4% v/v) to induce UC intrarectally on day eight. Biochemically, the levels of TLR-4, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), nuclear factor kappa B-p65 (NFκB-p65), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), malondialdehyd, glutathione, Bax/Bcl2 ratio and the immunohistochemical evaluation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and caspase-3 were assayed. KEY FINDINGS SLs significantly reduced OS, inflammatory and apoptotic markers in AA-treated rats, almost like the reference sulfasalazine. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a novel impact for SLs produced by microbial conversion of M. oleifera oil cake against AA-induced UC in rats through hampering the TLR-4/p-JNK/NFκB-p65 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed U Nooman
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr S Al-Kashef
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona M Rashad
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abd El-Nasser A Khattab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah S Abbas
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Daku AB, AL-Mhanna SB, Abu Bakar R, Nurul AA. Glycolipids isolation and characterization from natural source: A review. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2023.2165097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abubakar Bishir Daku
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Dutse, Nigeria
| | - Sameer Badri AL-Mhanna
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Ruzilawati Abu Bakar
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Asma Abdullah Nurul
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Carolin C F, Senthil Kumar P, Mohanakrishna G, Hemavathy RV, Rangasamy G, M Aminabhavi T. Sustainable production of biosurfactants via valorisation of industrial wastes as alternate feedstocks. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137326. [PMID: 36410507 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the rapid increase in the human population has given rise to a variety of industries, which have produced a variety of wastes. Due to their detrimental effects on both human and environmental health, pollutants from industry have taken centre stage among the various types of waste produced. The amount of waste produced has therefore increased the demand for effective waste management. In order to create valuable chemicals for sustainable waste management, trash must be viewed as valuable addition. One of the most environmentally beneficial and sustainable choices is to use garbage to make biosurfactants. The utilization of waste in the production of biosurfactant provides lower processing costs, higher availability of feedstock and environmental friendly product along with its characteristics. The current review focuses on the use of industrial wastes in the creation of sustainable biosurfactants and discusses how biosurfactants are categorized. Waste generation in the fruit industry, agro-based industries, as well as sugar-industry and dairy-based industries is documented. Each waste and wastewater are listed along with its benefits and drawbacks. This review places a strong emphasis on waste management, which has important implications for the bioeconomy. It also offers the most recent scientific literature on industrial waste, including information on the role of renewable feedstock for the production of biosurfactants, as well as the difficulties and unmet research needs in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femina Carolin C
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
| | - Gunda Mohanakrishna
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580031, India.
| | - R V Hemavathy
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | | | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- School of Advanced Sciences, KLE Technological University, Hubballi, Karnataka, 580031, India; University Center for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Panjab, India
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Karamchandani BM, Pawar AA, Pawar SS, Syed S, Mone NS, Dalvi SG, Rahman PKSM, Banat IM, Satpute SK. Biosurfactants' multifarious functional potential for sustainable agricultural practices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1047279. [PMID: 36578512 PMCID: PMC9792099 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1047279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing food demand by the ever-growing population imposes an extra burden on the agricultural and food industries. Chemical-based pesticides, fungicides, fertilizers, and high-breeding crop varieties are typically employed to enhance crop productivity. Overexploitation of chemicals and their persistence in the environment, however, has detrimental effects on soil, water, and air which consequently disturb the food chain and the ecosystem. The lower aqueous solubility and higher hydrophobicity of agrochemicals, pesticides, metals, and hydrocarbons allow them to adhere to soil particles and, therefore, continue in the environment. Chemical pesticides, viz., organophosphate, organochlorine, and carbamate, are used regularly to protect agriculture produce. Hydrophobic pollutants strongly adhered to soil particles can be solubilized or desorbed through the usage of biosurfactant/s (BSs) or BS-producing and pesticide-degrading microorganisms. Among different types of BSs, rhamnolipids (RL), surfactin, mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs), and sophorolipids (SL) have been explored extensively due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against several phytopathogens. Different isoforms of lipopeptide, viz., iturin, fengycin, and surfactin, have also been reported against phytopathogens. The key role of BSs in designing and developing biopesticide formulations is to protect crops and our environment. Various functional properties such as wetting, spreading, penetration ability, and retention period are improved in surfactant-based formulations. This review emphasizes the use of diverse types of BSs and their source microorganisms to challenge phytopathogens. Extensive efforts seem to be focused on discovering the innovative antimicrobial potential of BSs to combat phytopathogens. We discussed the effectiveness of BSs in solubilizing pesticides to reduce their toxicity and contamination effects in the soil environment. Thus, we have shed some light on the use of BSs as an alternative to chemical pesticides and other agrochemicals as sparse literature discusses their interactions with pesticides. Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle sustainability analysis (LCSA) quantifying their impact on human activities/interventions are also included. Nanoencapsulation of pesticide formulations is an innovative approach in minimizing pesticide doses and ultimately reducing their direct exposures to humans and animals. Some of the established big players and new entrants in the global BS market are providing promising solutions for agricultural practices. In conclusion, a better understanding of the role of BSs in pesticide solubilization and/or degradation by microorganisms represents a valuable approach to reducing their negative impact and maintaining sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ameya A. Pawar
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujit S. Pawar
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sahil Syed
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nishigandha S. Mone
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil G. Dalvi
- Tissue Culture Section, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Pune, India
| | - Pattanathu K. S. M. Rahman
- Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ibrahim M. Banat
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Surekha K. Satpute, ; Ibrahim M. Banat,
| | - Surekha K. Satpute
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India,*Correspondence: Surekha K. Satpute, ; Ibrahim M. Banat,
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Handa S, Aggarwal Y, Puri S, Chatterjee M. Pharmaceutical prospects of biosurfactants produced from fungal species. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:1307-1318. [PMID: 36257786 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The development of novel types of biogenic surface-active compounds is of greater interest for combating many diseases and infections. In this respect research and development of biosurfactant has gained immense importance. Substantially, biosurfactant is defined as a class of active amphiphilic chemical compounds that comprise hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties on their surfaces. It is generally known that many kinds of microorganisms can be used to produce these surfactants or surface-active compounds. Hosting interesting features such as biodegradability, emulsifying/de-emulsifying capacity, low toxicity, and antimicrobial activities; these amphiphilic compounds in recent years have flourished as an ideal replacement for the chemically synthesized surfactant, and also have various commercial attractions. Both bacteria and fungi are the producers of these amphiphilic molecules; however, the pathogenicity of certain bacterial strains has caused a shift in interest toward fungi. Therefore, various fungi species have been reported for the production of biosurfactants amongst which Candida species have been the most studied strains. Biosurfactants uphold desired properties like antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiadhesion, and anticancer activity which proves them an ideal candidate for the application in various fields like pharmaceutical, gene therapy, medical insertion safety, immunotherapy to fight against many chronic diseases, and so forth. Hence, this review article discusses the pharmaceutical prospects of biosurfactants produced from different fungal species, providing new directions toward the discovery and development of molecules with novel structures and diverse functions for advanced application in the medical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shristi Handa
- Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yadu Aggarwal
- Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjeev Puri
- Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mary Chatterjee
- Biotechnology Engineering, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Sophorolipids—Bio-Based Antimicrobial Formulating Agents for Applications in Food and Health. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175556. [PMID: 36080322 PMCID: PMC9457973 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sophorolipids are well-known glycolipid biosurfactants, produced mainly by non-pathogenic yeast species such as Candida bombicola with high yield. Its unique environmental compatibility and high biodegradable properties have made them a focus in the present review for their promising applications in diverse areas. This study aims to examine current research trends of sophorolipids and evaluate their applications in food and health. A literature search was conducted using different research databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, and Wiley Online Library to identify studies on the fundamental mechanisms of sophorolipids and their applications in food and health. Studies have shown that various structural forms of sophorolipids exhibit different biological and physicochemical properties. Sophorolipids represent one of the most attractive biosurfactants in the industry due to their antimicrobial action against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms for applications in food and health sectors. In this review, we have provided an overview on the fundamental properties of sophorolipids and detailed analysis of their applications in diverse areas such as food, agriculture, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities.
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Alfian AR, Watchaputi K, Sooklim C, Soontorngun N. Production of new antimicrobial palm oil-derived sophorolipids by the yeast Starmerella riodocensis sp. nov. against Candida albicans hyphal and biofilm formation. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:163. [PMID: 35974372 PMCID: PMC9382743 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial derived-surfactants display low eco-toxicity, diverse functionality, high biodegradability, high specificity, and stability under extreme conditions. Sophorolipids are emerging as key biosurfactants of yeast origins, used in various industrial sectors to lower surface tension. Recently, sophorolipid complexes have been applied in biomedicals and agriculture to eradicate infectious problems related to human and plant fungal pathogens. This study aimed to characterize the functional properties and antifungal activities of sophorolipids produced by a newly characterized Starmerella riodocensis GT-SL1R sp. nov. strain. RESULTS Starmerella riodocensis GT-SL1R sp. nov. strain was belonged to Starmerella clade with 93.12% sequence similarity using the ITS technique for strain identification. Sophorolipids production was examined, using co-carbon substrates glucose and palm oil, with a yield on the substrate between 30 and 46%. Using shake-flasks, the S. riodocensis GT-SL1R strain produced biosurfactants with an emulsification activity of 54.59% against kerosene compared to the S. bombicola BCC5426 strain with an activity of 60.22%. Maximum productivities of GT-SL1R and the major sophorolipid-producer S. bombicola were similar at 0.8 gl-1 h-1. S. riodocensis GT-SL1R produced mixed forms of lactonic and acidic sophorolipids, shown by TCL, FTIR, and HPLC. Importantly, the complex sophorolipid mixture displayed antifungal activity against an opportunistic yeast pathogen Candida albicans by effectively reducing hyphal and biofilm formation. CONCLUSIONS Sophorolipids derived from S. riodocensis demonstrate potential industrial and biomedical applications as green surfactant and antifungal agent. Since numerous renewable bioresources and industrial wastes could be used by microbial cell factories in the biosynthesis of biosurfactants to reduce the production cost, sophorolipids hold a promising alternative to current antimicrobials in treatments against infectious diseases in humans, animals, and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achmad Rifky Alfian
- Gene Technology Laboratory, Biochemical Technology Division, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 49, Tian Talay Road, Tha Kham, Bang Khuntian, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Kwanrutai Watchaputi
- Gene Technology Laboratory, Biochemical Technology Division, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 49, Tian Talay Road, Tha Kham, Bang Khuntian, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Chayaphathra Sooklim
- Gene Technology Laboratory, Biochemical Technology Division, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 49, Tian Talay Road, Tha Kham, Bang Khuntian, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Nitnipa Soontorngun
- Gene Technology Laboratory, Biochemical Technology Division, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 49, Tian Talay Road, Tha Kham, Bang Khuntian, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
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Surface-Active Compounds Produced by Microorganisms: Promising Molecules for the Development of Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory, and Healing Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11081106. [PMID: 36009975 PMCID: PMC9404966 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11081106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface-active compounds (SACs), biomolecules produced by bacteria, yeasts, and filamentous fungi, have interesting properties, such as the ability to interact with surfaces as well as hydrophobic or hydrophilic interfaces. Because of their advantages over other compounds, such as biodegradability, low toxicity, antimicrobial, and healing properties, SACs are attractive targets for research in various applications in medicine. As a result, a growing number of properties related to SAC production have been the subject of scientific research during the past decade, searching for potential future applications in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic fields. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential of biosurfactants and emulsifiers as antimicrobials, modulators of virulence factors, anticancer agents, and wound healing agents in the field of biotechnology and biomedicine, to meet the increasing demand for safer medical and pharmacological therapies.
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Chen W, Yu L, Zhu B, Qin L. Dendrobium officinale Endophytes May Colonize the Intestinal Tract and Regulate Gut Microbiota in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:2607506. [PMID: 35990847 PMCID: PMC9388241 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2607506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale is a traditional Chinese medicine for treating gastrointestinal diseases by nourishing "Yin" and thickening the stomach lining. To study whether D. officinale endophytes can colonize the intestinal tract and regulate gut microbiota in mice, we used autoclave steam sterilizing and 60Co-γ radiation to eliminate D. officinale endophytes from its juice. Then, high-throughput ITS1-ITS2 rDNA and 16S rRNA gene amplicons were sequenced to analyze the microbial community of D. officinale endophytes and fecal samples of mice after administration of fresh D. officinale juice. Sterilization of D. officinale juice by autoclaving for 40 min (ASDO40) could more effectively eliminate the D. officinale endophytes and decrease their interference on the gut microbiota. D. officinale juice could increase beneficial gut microbiota and metabolites including short-chain fatty acids. D. officinale endophytes Pseudomonas mosselii, Trichocladium asperum, Titata maxilliformis, Clonostachys epichloe, and Rhodotorula babjevae could colonize the intestinal tract of mice and modulate gut microbiota after oral administration of the juice for 28 days. Thus, the regulatory effect of D. officinale juice on gut microbiota was observed, which provides a basis for inferring that D. officinale endophytes might colonize the intestinal tract and participate in regulating gut microbiota to treat diseases. Thus, this study further provides a new approach for the treatment of diseases by colonizing plant endophytes in the intestinal tract and regulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Lilong Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Luping Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Al-Otibi F, Al-Zahrani RM, Marraiki N. The crude oil biodegradation activity of Candida strains isolated from oil-reservoirs soils in Saudi Arabia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10708. [PMID: 35739163 PMCID: PMC9226172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Crude oil (petroleum) is a naturally occurring complex composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials. Bioremediation of crude oil-polluted sites is restricted by the biodiversity of indigenous microflora. They possess complementary substrates required for degrading the different hydrocarbons. In the current study, four yeast strains were isolated from different oil reservoirs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The oil-biodegradation ability of these isolates showed variable oxidation effects on multiple hydrocarbons. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed morphological changes in Candida isolates compared to the original structures. The drop-collapse and oil emulsification assays showed that yeast strains affected the physical properties of tested hydrocarbons. The content of biosurfactants produced by isolated strains was quantified in the presence of different hydrocarbons to confirm the oil displacement activity. The recovery assays included acid precipitation, solvent extraction, ammonium sulfate, and zinc sulfate precipitation methods. All these methods revealed that the amount of biosurfactants correlates to the type of tested hydrocarbons, where the highest amount was produced in crude oil contaminated samples. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of Candida isolated from contaminated soils for bioremediation of petroleum oil pollution. That raises the need for further analyses on the microbes/hydrocarbon degradation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah Al-Otibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rasha M Al-Zahrani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najat Marraiki
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia
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A comprehensive review on natural occurrence, synthesis and biological activities of glycolipids. Carbohydr Res 2022; 516:108556. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Park I, Oh S, Goo D, Celi P, Lillehoj HS. Effect of dietary sophorolipids on growth performance and gastrointestinal functionality of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria maxima. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101944. [PMID: 35679665 PMCID: PMC9189210 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary sophorolipids (SLs) supplementation as antibiotic alternatives on growth performance and gut health of chickens infected with Eimeria maxima. In experiment 1, 336 (zero-day-old) male broilers were used. The chickens were weighed and randomly allocated to the following 6 treatments groups with 7 chickens/cage and 8 cages/treatment: control group that received a basal diet (NC), positive control group that received a basal diet and was challenged with E. maxima (PC), PC+C18:1 lactonic diacetyled SL (SL1), PC+C18:1 deacetyled SL (SL2), PC+C18:1 monoacetyled SL (SL3), and PC+C18:1 diacetyled SL (SL4). Each SL (200 mg/kg feed) was added to the corresponding treatment group. In experiment 2, 588 (zero-day-old) male broilers were used. The chickens were randomly allocated to the following experimental groups with 10 or 11 chickens/cage and 8 cages/treatment: NC, PC, PC+ monensin at 90 mg/kg feed (MO), PC+SL1 at 200 mg/kg feed (SL1 200), PC+SL1 at 500 mg/kg feed (SL1 500), PC+SL4 at 200 mg/kg feed (SL4 200), and PC+SL4 at 500 mg/kg of feed (SL4 500). The chickens and feed were weighed at 0, 7, 14, 20, and 22 d to determine growth performance. In both experiments, all chickens except the NC group were orally infected with E. maxima (10,000 oocysts/chicken) at d 14. One chicken per cage was euthanized at d 20 to sample jejunal tissue to measure lesion scores, cytokines, and tight junction (TJ) proteins. Excreta samples were collected daily between d 20 and 22 to measure oocyst numbers. Data were analyzed using Mixed Model (PROC MIXED) in SAS. In experiment 1, SLs did not affect the growth of broiler chickens, but SL4 decreased (P < 0.05) the lesion score and oocyst number compared to PC chickens. In terms of cytokines and TJ protein gene expression, SLs increased (P < 0.05) IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17F, IL-4, IL-13, occludin, and ZO1 levels compared to PC chickens. In experiment 2, monensin increased (P < 0.05) body weight, and decreased (P < 0.05) the lesion score and oocyst number compared to the PC group. SL4 500 increased (P < 0.05) average daily gain and feed conversion ratio but decreased (P < 0.05) lesion score and fecal oocyst number. SL4 decreased (P < 0.05) IL-6, IL-17F, TNFSF-15, IL-2, and IL-10 levels but increased (P < 0.05) occludin and ZO-1 levels. Overall, dietary SL supplementation, especially SL4, improved growth and gastrointestinal functionality of young broiler chickens, demonstrating significant potential as an antibiotic alternative.
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Park I, Oh S, Nam H, Celi P, Lillehoj HS. Antimicrobial activity of sophorolipids against Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens, and their effect on growth performance and gut health in necrotic enteritis. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101731. [PMID: 35176703 PMCID: PMC8851262 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of sophorolipids (SLs) against Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens, and the in vivo effects of SLs on growth performance and gut health in necrotic enteritis (NE)-afflicted broiler chickens were studied. To test the direct killing effects of SLs on enteric pathogens, 2.5 × 105 freshly prepared sporozoites of each Eimeria acervulina, E. maxima, and E. tenella were placed in each well of a 96-well plate, and the vegetative stage of Clostridium perfringens was prepared at 1 × 109 cfu/well. Four different SLs (C18:1 lactonic diacetyled SL [SL1], C18:1 deacetyled SL [SL2], C18:1 monoacetyled SL [SL3], and C18:1 diacetyled SL [SL4]), and 2 anticoccidial chemical controls, decoquinate and monensin, were evaluated at 3 dose levels (125 µg/mL, 250 µg/mL, and 500 µg/mL). Samples were incubated at 41°C for 3 h, and microbial survival ratios were measured by using a cell counter to quantify the number of live microbes stained by fluorescent dye. A total of 336 (0-day-old) male commercial broiler chickens were used to assess the effects of SLs in vivo. Chickens were randomly allocated to 6 treatment groups (7 chickens per cage, 8 cages per treatment) as follows: a control group which received a basal diet (CON), a negative control group (NC) which received a basal diet and NE challenge, and 4 SL treatment groups with NE (NC+SL1, NC+SL2, NC+SL3, and NC+SL4). The inclusion rates of SLs in each group were 200 mg/kg of feed. NE-induced chickens were orally infected with E. maxima (10,000 oocysts/chicken) on d 14, followed by C. perfringens (1 × 109 cfu/chicken) on d 19. Disease parameters measured included gut lesion scores, intestinal cytokine production, and level of tight junction protein expression. Data were analyzed using a Mixed Model (PROC MIXED) in SAS. In vitro (Experiment 1), all SLs dose-dependently decreased (P < 0.001) the viability of the three species of Eimeria sporozoites and C. perfringens. In vivo (Experiment 2), dietary SLs increased (P < 0.001) body weight and average daily gain of broiler chickens infected with NE. Dietary SL1 and SL4s increased (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio compared to NC. Furthermore, SL1 and SL4 decreased (P < 0.05) gut lesion scores in combination with increased expression of IL1β, IL8, TNFSF15, and IL10 genes (P < 0.05) in NE-afflicted chickens. Overall, dietary SLs promoted growth performance, intestinal immune responses, and intestinal barrier integrity of NE-afflicted, young broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inkyung Park
- Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Sungtaek Oh
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hyoyoun Nam
- Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Pietro Celi
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, MD 21045, USA; Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hyun S Lillehoj
- Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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Potential of Enterococcus faecium LM5.2 for lipopeptide biosurfactant production and its effect on the growth of maize (Zea mays L.). Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:223. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Near Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly and Annotation of Rhodotorula babjevae Strains Reveals High Intraspecific Divergence. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8040323. [PMID: 35448555 PMCID: PMC9027234 DOI: 10.3390/jof8040323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Rhodotorula includes basidiomycetous oleaginous yeast species. Rhodotorula babjevae can produce compounds of biotechnological interest such as lipids, carotenoids, and biosurfactants from low value substrates such as lignocellulose hydrolysate. High-quality genome assemblies are needed to develop genetic tools and to understand fungal evolution and genetics. Here, we combined short- and long-read sequencing to resolve the genomes of two R. babjevae strains, CBS 7808 (type strain) and DBVPG 8058, at chromosomal level. Both genomes are 21 Mbp in size and have a GC content of 68.2%. Allele frequency analysis indicates that both strains are tetraploid. The genomes consist of a maximum of 21 chromosomes with a size of 0.4 to 2.4 Mbp. In both assemblies, the mitochondrial genome was recovered in a single contig, that shared 97% pairwise identity. Pairwise identity between most chromosomes ranges from 82 to 87%. We also found indications for strain-specific extrachromosomal endogenous DNA. A total of 7591 and 7481 protein-coding genes were annotated in CBS 7808 and DBVPG 8058, respectively. CBS 7808 accumulated a higher number of tandem duplications than DBVPG 8058. We identified large translocation events between putative chromosomes. Genome divergence values between the two strains indicate that they may belong to different species.
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Edgcomb VP, Teske AP, Mara P. Microbial Hydrocarbon Degradation in Guaymas Basin-Exploring the Roles and Potential Interactions of Fungi and Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:831828. [PMID: 35356530 PMCID: PMC8959706 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.831828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrocarbons are degraded by specialized types of bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Their occurrence in marine hydrocarbon seeps and sediments prompted a study of their role and their potential interactions, using the hydrocarbon-rich hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California as a model system. This sedimented vent site is characterized by localized hydrothermal circulation that introduces seawater sulfate into methane- and hydrocarbon-rich sediments, and thus selects for diverse hydrocarbon-degrading communities of which methane, alkane- and aromatics-oxidizing sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea have been especially well-studied. Current molecular and cultivation surveys are detecting diverse fungi in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments, and draw attention to possible fungal-bacterial interactions. In this Hypothesis and Theory article, we report on background, recent results and outcomes, and underlying hypotheses that guide current experiments on this topic in the Edgcomb and Teske labs in 2021, and that we will revisit during our ongoing investigations of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities in the deep sedimentary subsurface of Guaymas Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas P. Teske
- Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Paraskevi Mara
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
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Lin X, Zhou H, Zeng F, Jiang L, Atakpa EO, Chen G, Zhang C, Xie Q. A biosurfactant-producing yeast Rhodotorula sp.CC01 utilizing landfill leachate as nitrogen source and its broad degradation spectra of petroleum hydrocarbons. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:68. [PMID: 35247078 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03254-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants (BSs) are known for their remarkable properties, however, their commercial applications are hampered partly by the high production cost. To overcome this issue, a biosurfactant producing strain, Rhodotorula sp.CC01 was isolated using landfill leachate as nitrogen source, while olive oil was determined as the best sole carbon source. The BS produced by Rhodotorula sp.CC01 had oil displacement diameter of 19.90 ± 0.10 cm and could reduce the surface tension of water to 34.77 ± 0.63 mN/m. It was characterized as glycolipids by thin layer chromatography, FTIR spectra, and GC-MS analysis, with the critical micelle concentration of 70 mg/L. Meanwhile, the BS showed stability over a wide range of pH (2-12), salinity (0-100 g/L), and temperature (20-100 °C). During the cultivation process, BS was produced with a maximum rate of 163.33 mg L-1 h-1 and a maximum yield of 1360 mg/L at 50 h. In addition, the removal efficiency of NH4+-N reached 84.2% after 75 h cultivation with a maximum NH4+-N removal rate of 3.92 mg L-1 h-1. Moreover, Rhodotorula sp.CC01 has proven to be of great potential in remediating petroleum hydrocarbons, as revealed by chromogenic assays. Furthermore, genes related to nitrogen metabolism and glycolipid metabolism were found in this strain CC01 after annotating the genome data with KEGG database, such as narB, glycoprotein glucosyltransferase, acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase, LRA1, LRA3, and LRA4. The findings of this study prove a cost-effective strategy for the production of BS by yeast through the utilization of landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Lin
- Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanghai Zhou
- Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Lijia Jiang
- Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Edidiong Okokon Atakpa
- Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gen Chen
- Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biology, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qinglin Xie
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China.
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Kazemzadeh S, Emami‐Karvani Z, Naghavi NS, Emtiazi G. Production of surface‐active sophorolipid biosurfactant and crude oil degradability by novel
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa
strain
SKF2. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Kazemzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch Islamic Azad University Isfahan Iran
| | | | | | - Giti Emtiazi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology Shahid Ashrafi Esfahani University Isfahan Iran
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de O Caretta T, I Silveira VA, Andrade G, Macedo F, P C Celligoi MA. Antimicrobial activity of sophorolipids produced by Starmerella bombicola against phytopathogens from cherry tomato. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:1245-1254. [PMID: 34378222 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytopathogenic microorganisms are the main cause of plant diseases, generating significant economic losses for the agricultural and food supply chain. Cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) are very perishable plants and highly demanding in the use of pesticides; therefore, alternative solutions such as biosurfactants have aroused as a potent substituent. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of sophorolipids against the phytopathogens Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum. RESULTS The biosurfactant inhibited the mycelial growth in vitro with a minimum concentration of 2 mg mL-1 . The application of sophorolipids at 1, 2 and 4 mg mL-1 in detached leaves of tomato before the inoculation of the fungus B. cinerea was the best treatment, reducing leaf necrosis by up to 76.90%. The use of sophorolipids for washing tomato fruits before the inoculation of B. cinerea was able to inhibit the development of gray mold by up to 96.27%. CONCLUSION The results for tomato leaves and fruits revealed that the biosurfactant acts more effectively when used preventively. Sophorolipids are stable molecules that show promising action for the potential replacement of pesticides in the field and the post-harvest process against the main tomato phytopathogens. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita de O Caretta
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Victória A I Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Galdino Andrade
- Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Fernando Macedo
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
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Overview on Glycosylated Lipids Produced by Bacteria and Fungi: Rhamno-, Sophoro-, Mannosylerythritol and Cellobiose Lipids. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 181:73-122. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Silveira VAI, Kobayashi RKT, de Oliveira Junior AG, Mantovani MS, Nakazato G, Celligoi MAPC. Antimicrobial effects of sophorolipid in combination with lactic acid against poultry-relevant isolates. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1769-1778. [PMID: 34173211 PMCID: PMC8578371 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of sophorolipid in combination with lactic acid against relevant bacteria isolated from the poultry industry. Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli were isolated from chicken meat and antibacterial tests with sophorolipid and lactic acid were performed. Checkerboard, time-kill, and scanning electron microscopy analyses were used to confirm the antibacterial action and the combined effects. Although no inhibitory effects were observed for E. coli and Salmonella, these compounds presented antibacterial activity against L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. Additionally, sophorolipid and lactic acid were not cytotoxic at the concentrations used in the tests. The combination of sophorolipid and lactic acid resulted in an additive interaction, reducing the concentration of the active compounds needed for effectiveness against S. aureus and L. monocytogenes, to 50% and 75%, respectively. These findings lead to the possibility of developing a new, sustainable, and natural antimicrobial solution that is considered noncytotoxic and has wide applicability in the poultry industry to reduce substantial losses in this sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória Akemi Itakura Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, State University of Londrina, Mailbox 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mario Sérgio Mantovani
- Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina, Mailbox 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Mailbox 10.011, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil
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Loeto D, Jongman M, Lekote L, Muzila M, Mokomane M, Motlhanka K, Ndlovu T, Zhou N. Biosurfactant production by halophilic yeasts isolated from extreme environments in Botswana. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6426179. [PMID: 34788824 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine morphologically distinct halophilic yeasts were isolated from Makgadikgadi and Sua pans, as pristine and extreme environments in Botswana. Screening for biosurfactant production showed that Rhodotorula mucilaginosa SP6 and Debaryomyces hansenii MK9 exhibited the highest biosurfactant activity using Xanthocercis zambesiaca seed powder as a novel and alternative inexpensive carbon substrate. Chemical characterization of the purified biosurfactants by Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy suggested that the biosurfactant from R. mucilaginosa SP6 was a rhamnolipid-type whereas the biosurfactant from D. hansenii MK9 was a sophorolipid-type. The two biosurfactants exhibited antimicrobial activities against eight pathogenic bacteria and fungal strains (Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans and Aspergilus niger). The sophorolopid-type biosurfactant was found to be the most potent among the antimicrobial drug resistant strains tested. The findings open up prospects for the development of environmentally friendly antimicrobial drugs that use an inexpensive source of carbon to reduce the costs associated with the production of biosurfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Loeto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Mosimanegape Jongman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Lerato Lekote
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Mbaki Muzila
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Margaret Mokomane
- School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone Botswana
| | - Koketso Motlhanka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Thando Ndlovu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Nerve Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana University of Science and Technology, Private Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
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Chen Y, Tang X, Li Y, Liu C, Zhuang Y, Tian X, Chu J. Ultrasound assisted in situ separation of sophorolipids in multi-phase fermentation system to achieve efficient production by Candida bombicola. Biotechnol J 2021; 17:e2100478. [PMID: 34792852 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sophorolipids (SLs) are regarded as one of the most promising biosurfactants. However, high production costs are the main obstacle to extended SLs application. Semi-continuous fermentation, which is based on in situ separation, is a promising technology for achieving high SLs productivity. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, the sedimentation mechanism of SLs was analyzed. The formation of a hydrophobic mixture of SLs and rapeseed oil was a key factor in sedimentation. And the hydrophobicity and density of the mixture determined SLs sedimentation rate. On this basis, ultrasonic enhanced sedimentation technology (UEST) was introduced, by which the sedimentation rates were increased by 46.9%-485.4% with different ratio of rapeseed oil to SLs. UEST-assisted real-time in situ separation and semi-continuous fermentation were performed. SLs productivity and yield were 2.15 g L-1 h-1 and 0.58 g g-1 , respectively, simultaneously the loss ratio of cells, glucose, and rapeseed oil were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a new horizon for optimization of the SLs fermentation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingping Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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44
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Rastogi S, Kumar R. Statistical optimization of biosurfactant production using waste biomaterial and biosorption of Pb 2+ under concomitant submerged fermentation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 295:113158. [PMID: 34214793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to statistically optimize the biosurfactant production yield of Pseudomonas sp. F5 using raw orange peel extract (Central composite design (CCD) design; Surface tension (ST) reduction = 32.41 dyne/cm; biosurfactant yield = ~2.4 g/L). The extracted biosurfactant was characterized as a glycolipid having predominant mono-rhamnolipids than di-rhamnolipids with a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 40 mg/L. The potential of strain F5 for good biosurfactant yield during Pb2+ stress and the inherent mechanism for simultaneous biosorption of Pb2+ was also investigated. During concomitant submerged fermentation from 100 to 500 mg/L of Pb2+ showed enhancement in adsorption capacity from 99.44 to 267.86 mg/g respectively having 60.33 ± 2.87 of emulsification index (E24%) measured at 100 mg/L Pb2+ corresponding to maximum biosurfactant production during metal stress. The bacterium showed a high Pb2+ MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 2200 mg/L and efficiently biosorbed Pb2+ ions at pH 7 and a dosage of 0.05 g under varying initial metal ion concentration and contact time. The exothermic biosorption (chemisorption) mechanism was found to be fitted well with Langmuir (R2 = 0.9859) and Pseudo second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.9975; 200 mg/L) having a maximum adsorption capacity of 294.12 mg/g. These findings indicated the excellent potential of biosurfactant producing strain F5 in the removal of Pb2+ ions from aqueous system and management of agrowastes as suitable carbon substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Rastogi
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar (A Central) University, Vidya Vihar Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Rhizosphere Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar (A Central) University, Vidya Vihar Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, India.
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Rehman R, Ali MI, Ali N, Badshah M, Iqbal M, Jamal A, Huang Z. Crude oil biodegradation potential of biosurfactant-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Meyerozyma sp. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 418:126276. [PMID: 34119978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the potential of crude oil degrading capabilities of biosurfactant-producing strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa MF069166 and Meyerozyma sp. MF138126. P. aeruginosa produced mono-/di-rhamnolipids congeners whereas, Meyerozyma sp. produced acidic and lactonic forms of sophorolipids with crude oil. The values of critical micelle concentrations of rhamnolipids and sophorolipids were 40 mg/L and 50 mg/L with reductions in surface tension of water to 29 mN/m and 33 mN/m. Dynamic light scattering revealed that the average diameter of micellar aggregates of rhamnolipids ranged between 300 and 350 nm and the average size of sophorolipids micelles was 309 nm and 380 nm. Biosurfactants from P. aeruginosa and Meyerozyma sp. exhibited emulsification activities of 87% and 84% in crude oil. Cell surface hydrophobicity of both strains was higher in the presence of hydrophobic contaminants. The biosurfactants showed stability under varying pH, NaCl concentrations and temperatures. Gravimetric and GC-MS analyses demonstrated that P. aeruginosa degraded 91% of the petroleum hydrocarbons while Meyerozyma sp. showed 87% biodegradation efficiency. P. aeruginosa and Meyerozyma sp. have also been found to degrade halogen-containing compounds and showed excellent crude oil degradation efficiency. It is concluded that both strains have high potential of applications in the bioremediation of hydrocarbons-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramla Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishtiaq Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Malik Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Asif Jamal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Zaixing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining & Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China; Department of Civil & Architectural Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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46
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Application of Green Surfactants in the Remediation of Soils Contaminated by Hydrocarbons. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the innovative technologies utilized for the treatment of contaminated soils, the use of green surfactants appears to be a biocompatible, efficient, and attractive alternative, since the cleaning processes that normally use synthetic surfactants as additives cause other problems due to toxicity and the accumulation of by-products. Three green surfactants, i.e., two biobased (biobased 1 and biobased 2) surfactants produced by chemical synthesis and a microbial surfactant produced from the yeast Starmerella bombicola ATCC 22214, were used as soil remediation agents and compared to a synthetic surfactant (Tween 80). The three surfactants were tested for their ability to emulsify, disperse, and remove different hydrophobic contaminants. The biosurfactant, which was able to reduce the water surface tension to 32.30 mN/m at a critical micelle concentration of 0.65 g/L, was then used to prepare a commercial formulation that showed lower toxicity to the tested environmental bioindicators and lower dispersion capacity than the biobased surfactants. All the green surfactants showed great emulsification capacity, especially against motor oil and petroleum. Therefore, their potential to remove motor oil adsorbed on different types of soils (sandy, silty, and clay soil and beach sand) was investigated either in kinetic (flasks) or static (packed columns) experiments. The commercial biosurfactant formulation showed excellent effectiveness in removing motor oil, especially from contaminated sandy soil (80.0 ± 0.46%) and beach sand (65.0 ± 0.14%) under static conditions, while, in the kinetic experiments, the commercial biosurfactant and the biobased 2 surfactant were able to remove motor oil from all the contaminated soils tested more effectively than the biobased 1 surfactant. Finally, the S. bombicola commercial biosurfactant was evaluated as a soil bioremediation agent. In degradation experiments carried out on motor oil-contaminated soils enriched with sugarcane molasses, oil degradation yield in the sandy soil reached almost 90% after 60 days in the presence of the commercial biosurfactant, while it did not exceed 20% in the presence of only S. bombicola cells. These results promise to contribute to the development of green technologies for the treatment of hydrophobic pollutants with economic gains for the oil industries.
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Kumar A, Singh SK, Kant C, Verma H, Kumar D, Singh PP, Modi A, Droby S, Kesawat MS, Alavilli H, Bhatia SK, Saratale GD, Saratale RG, Chung SM, Kumar M. Microbial Biosurfactant: A New Frontier for Sustainable Agriculture and Pharmaceutical Industries. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1472. [PMID: 34573103 PMCID: PMC8469275 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current scenario of changing climatic conditions and the rising global population, there is an urgent need to explore novel, efficient, and economical natural products for the benefit of humankind. Biosurfactants are one of the latest explored microbial synthesized biomolecules that have been used in numerous fields, including agriculture, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food processing, and environment-cleaning industries, as a source of raw materials, for the lubrication, wetting, foaming, emulsions formulations, and as stabilizing dispersions. The amphiphilic nature of biosurfactants have shown to be a great advantage, distributing themselves into two immiscible surfaces by reducing the interfacial surface tension and increasing the solubility of hydrophobic compounds. Furthermore, their eco-friendly nature, low or even no toxic nature, durability at higher temperatures, and ability to withstand a wide range of pH fluctuations make microbial surfactants preferable compared to their chemical counterparts. Additionally, biosurfactants can obviate the oxidation flow by eliciting antioxidant properties, antimicrobial and anticancer activities, and drug delivery systems, further broadening their applicability in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Nowadays, biosurfactants have been broadly utilized to improve the soil quality by improving the concentration of trace elements and have either been mixed with pesticides or applied singly on the plant surfaces for plant disease management. In the present review, we summarize the latest research on microbial synthesized biosurfactant compounds, the limiting factors of biosurfactant production, their application in improving soil quality and plant disease management, and their use as antioxidant or antimicrobial compounds in the pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Postharvest Science, Rishon Lezzion 50250, Israel; (A.K.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Centre of Advance Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (S.K.S.); (D.K.); (P.P.S.)
| | - Chandra Kant
- Department of Botany, Dharma Samaj College, Aligarh 202001, India;
| | - Hariom Verma
- Department of Botany, B.R.D. Government Degree College, Sonbhadra, Duddhi 231218, India;
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Centre of Advance Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (S.K.S.); (D.K.); (P.P.S.)
| | - Prem Pratap Singh
- Centre of Advance Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India; (S.K.S.); (D.K.); (P.P.S.)
| | - Arpan Modi
- Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Postharvest Science, Rishon Lezzion 50250, Israel; (A.K.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Samir Droby
- Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Postharvest Science, Rishon Lezzion 50250, Israel; (A.K.); (A.M.); (S.D.)
| | - Mahipal Singh Kesawat
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754006, India;
| | - Hemasundar Alavilli
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | | | - Rijuta Ganesh Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University, Seoul 10326, Korea;
| | - Sang-Min Chung
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 10326, Korea;
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Seoul 10326, Korea;
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48
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Franco Marcelino PR, Ortiz J, da Silva SS, Ortiz A. Interaction of an acidic sophorolipid biosurfactant with phosphatidylcholine model membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 207:112029. [PMID: 34399158 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sophorolipids (SLs) constitute a group of unique biosurfactants (BS) in the light of their outstanding properties, among which their antimicrobial activities stand out. SLs can exist mainly in an acidic and a lactonic form, both of which display inhibitory activity. Given the amphipathic nature of SLs it is feasible that these antimicrobial actions are the result of the perturbation of the physicochemical properties of targeted membranes. Thus, in this work we have carried out a biophysical study to unveil the molecular details of the interaction of an acidic SL with a model phospholipid membrane made of 1,2-dipalmitoy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). Using differential scanning calorimetry it was found that SL altered the phase behaviour of DPPC at low molar fractions, producing fluid phase immiscibility with the result of formation of biosurfactant-enriched domains within the phospholipid bilayer. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed that SL interacted with DPPC increasing ordering of the phospholipid acyl chain palisade and hydration of the lipid/water interface. Small angle X-ray scattering showed that SL did not modify bilayer thickness in the biologically relevant Lα fluid phase. SL was found to induce contents leakage in 1-palmitoy-2-oleoy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) unilamellar liposomes, at sublytic concentrations below the cmc. This SL-induced membrane permeabilization at concentrations below the onset for membrane solubilization can be the result of the formation of laterally segregated domains, which might contribute to provide a molecular basis for the reported antimicrobial actions of SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Ricardo Franco Marcelino
- Laboratório de Bioprocessos e Produtos Sustentáveis (LBios), Escola de Engenharia de Lorena (EEL), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Julia Ortiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvio Silvério da Silva
- Laboratório de Bioprocessos e Produtos Sustentáveis (LBios), Escola de Engenharia de Lorena (EEL), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Brazil
| | - Antonio Ortiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular-A, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Spain.
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49
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França ÍWL, Oliveira DWF, Giro MEA, Melo VMM, Gonçalves LRB. Production of surfactin by
Bacillus subtilis
LAMI005
and evaluation of its potential as tensoactive and emulsifier. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vânia Maria Maciel Melo
- Departamento de Biologia ‐ LemBiotech ‐ Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana e Biotecnologia Universidade Federal do Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
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50
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Mycobiota in the Carposphere of Sour and Sweet Cherries and Antagonistic Features of Potential Biocontrol Yeasts. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071423. [PMID: 34209423 PMCID: PMC8307871 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sour cherries (Prunus cerasus L.) and sweet cherries (P. avium L.) are economically important fruits with high potential in the food industry and medicine. In this study, we analyzed fungal communities associated with the carposphere of sour and sweet cherries that were freshly harvested from private plantations and purchased in a food store. Following DNA isolation, a DNA fragment of the ITS2 rRNA gene region of each sample was individually amplified and subjected to high-throughput NGS sequencing. Analysis of 168,933 high-quality reads showed the presence of 690 fungal taxa. Investigation of microbial ASVs diversity revealed plant-dependent and postharvest handling-affected fungal assemblages. Among the microorganisms inhabiting tested berries, potentially beneficial or pathogenic fungi were documented. Numerous cultivable yeasts were isolated from the surface of tested berries and characterized by their antagonistic activity. Some of the isolates, identified as Aureobasidium pullulans, Metschnikowia fructicola, and M. pulcherrima, displayed pronounced activity against potential fungal pathogens and showed attractiveness for disease control.
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