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Park YK, Rossignol T. Broadening the application of Yarrowia lipolytica synthetic biology tools to explore the potential of Yarrowia clade diversity. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2024; 170:001472. [PMID: 38913407 PMCID: PMC11261841 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Yeasts have established themselves as prominent microbial cell factories, and the availability of synthetic biology tools has led to breakthroughs in the rapid development of industrial chassis strains. The selection of a suitable microbial host is critical in metabolic engineering applications, but it has been largely limited to a few well-defined strains. However, there is growing consideration for evaluating strain diversity, as a wide range of specific traits and phenotypes have been reported even within a specific yeast genus or species. Moreover, with the advent of synthetic biology tools, non-type strains can now be easily and swiftly reshaped. The yeast Yarrowia lipolytica has been extensively studied for various applications such as fuels, chemicals, and food. Additionally, other members of the Yarrowia clade are currently being evaluated for their industrial potential. In this study, we demonstrate the versatility of synthetic biology tools originally developed for Y. lipolytica by repurposing them for engineering other yeasts belonging to the Yarrowia clade. Leveraging the Golden Gate Y. lipolytica tool kit, we successfully expressed fluorescent proteins as well as the carotenoid pathway in at least five members of the clade, serving as proof of concept. This research lays the foundation for conducting more comprehensive investigations into the uncharacterized strains within the Yarrowia clade and exploring their potential applications in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kyoung Park
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Tristan Rossignol
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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2
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Matusiewicz M, Wróbel-Kwiatkowska M, Niemiec T, Świderek W, Kosieradzka I, Rosińska A, Niwińska A, Rakicka-Pustułka M, Kocki T, Rymowicz W, Turski WA. Effect of Yarrowia lipolytica yeast biomass with increased kynurenic acid content on selected metabolic indicators in mice. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15833. [PMID: 37780388 PMCID: PMC10540775 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The unconventional yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica is a valuable source of protein and many other nutrients. It can be used to produce hydrolytic enzymes and metabolites, including kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan with a multidirectional effect on the body. The administration of Y. lipolytica with an increased content of KYNA in the diet may have a beneficial effect on metabolism, which was evaluated in a nutritional experiment on mice. Methods In the dry biomass of Y. lipolytica S12 enriched in KYNA (high-KYNA yeast) and low-KYNA (control) yeast, the content of KYNA was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Then, proximate and amino acid composition and selected indicators of antioxidant status were compared. The effect of 5% high-KYNA yeast content in the diet on the growth, hematological and biochemical indices of blood and the redox status of the liver was determined in a 7-week experiment on adult male mice from an outbred colony derived from A/St, BALB/c, BN/a and C57BL/6J inbred strains. Results High-KYNA yeast was characterized by a greater concentration of KYNA than low-KYNA yeast (0.80 ± 0.08 vs. 0.29 ± 0.01 g/kg dry matter), lower content of crude protein with a less favorable amino acid composition and minerals, higher level of crude fiber and fat and lower ferric-reducing antioxidant power, concentration of phenols and glutathione. Consumption of the high-KYNA yeast diet did not affect the cumulative body weight gain per cage, cumulative food intake per cage and protein efficiency ratio compared to the control diet. A trend towards lower mean corpuscular volume and hematocrit, higher mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and lower serum total protein and globulins was observed, increased serum total cholesterol and urea were noted. Its ingestion resulted in a trend towards greater ferric-reducing antioxidant power in the liver and did not affect the degree of liver lipid and protein oxidation. Conclusions The improvement of the quality of Y. lipolytica yeast biomass with increased content of KYNA, including its antioxidant potential, would be affected by the preserved level of protein and unchanged amino acid profile. It will be worth investigating the effect of such optimized yeast on model animals, including animals with metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Matusiewicz
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wróbel-Kwiatkowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Niemiec
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiesław Świderek
- Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Kosieradzka
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Rosińska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Niwińska
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rakicka-Pustułka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kocki
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar A. Turski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Ciurko D, Chebbi A, Kruszelnicki M, Czapor-Irzabek H, Urbanek AK, Polowczyk I, Franzetti A, Janek T. Production and characterization of lipopeptide biosurfactant from a new strain of Pseudomonas antarctica 28E using crude glycerol as a carbon source. RSC Adv 2023; 13:24129-24139. [PMID: 37577095 PMCID: PMC10415746 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03408a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas is a cosmopolitan genus of bacteria found in soil, water, organic matter, plants and animals and known for the production of glycolipid and lipopeptide biosurfactants. In this study bacteria (laboratory collection number 28E) isolated from soil collected in Spitsbergen were used for biosurfactant production. 16S rRNA sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) revealed that this isolate belongs to the species Pseudomonas antarctica. In the present study, crude glycerol, a raw material obtained from several industrial processes, was evaluated as a potential low-cost carbon source to reduce the costs of lipopeptide production. Among several tested glycerols, a waste product of stearin production, rich in nitrogen, iron and calcium, ensured optimal conditions for bacterial growth. Biosurfactant production was evidenced by a reduction of surface tension (ST) and an increase in the emulsification index (E24%). According to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), the biosurfactant was identified as viscosin. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of lipopeptide was determined to be 20 mg L-1. Interestingly, viscosin production has been reported previously for Pseudomonas viscosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas libanensis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on viscosin production by a P. antarctica 28E. The results indicated the potential of crude glycerol as a low-cost substrate to produce a lipopeptide biosurfactant with promising tensioactive and emulsifying properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Ciurko
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences 51-630 Wrocław Poland +48-71-320-7734
| | - Alif Chebbi
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University 00146 Rome Italy
| | - Mateusz Kruszelnicki
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymers and Carbon Materials, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 50-370 Wrocław Poland
| | - Hanna Czapor-Irzabek
- Laboratory of Elemental Analysis and Structural Research, Wroclaw Medical University 50-556 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Aneta K Urbanek
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw 50-383 Wroclaw Poland
| | - Izabela Polowczyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymers and Carbon Materials, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology 50-370 Wrocław Poland
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences - DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca 20126 Milano Italy
| | - Tomasz Janek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences 51-630 Wrocław Poland +48-71-320-7734
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Szczepańczyk M, Rzechonek DA, Neuvéglise C, Mirończuk AM. In-depth analysis of erythrose reductase homologs in Yarrowia lipolytica. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9129. [PMID: 37277427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The unconventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica produces erythritol as an osmoprotectant to adapt to osmotic stress. In this study, the array of putative erythrose reductases, responsible for the conversion of d-erythrose to erythritol, was analyzed. Single knockout and multiple knockout strains were tested for their ability to produce polyols in osmotic stress conditions. Lack of six of the reductase genes does not affect erythritol significantly, as the production of this polyol is comparable to the control strain. Deletion of eight of the homologous erythrose reductase genes resulted in a 91% decrease in erythritol synthesis, a 53% increase in mannitol synthesis, and an almost 8-fold increase in arabitol synthesis as compared to the control strain. Additionally, the utilization of glycerol was impaired in the media with induced higher osmotic pressure. The results of this research may shed new light on the production of arabitol and mannitol from glycerol by Y. lipolytica and help to develop strategies for further modification in polyol pathways in these microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Szczepańczyk
- Laboratory for Biosustainability, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 5B Kozuchowska St., 51-631, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota A Rzechonek
- Laboratory for Biosustainability, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 5B Kozuchowska St., 51-631, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cécile Neuvéglise
- INRAE, Institut Agro, SPO, University Montpellier, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Laboratory for Biosustainability, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 5B Kozuchowska St., 51-631, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Liang P, Cao M, Li J, Wang Q, Dai Z. Expanding sugar alcohol industry: Microbial production of sugar alcohols and associated chemocatalytic derivatives. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 64:108105. [PMID: 36736865 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sugar alcohols are polyols that are widely employed in the production of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and food products. Chemical synthesis of polyols, however, is complex and necessitates the use of hazardous compounds. Therefore, the use of microbes to produce polyols has been proposed as an alternative to traditional synthesis strategies. Many biotechnological approaches have been described to enhancing sugar alcohols production and microbe-mediated sugar alcohol production has the potential to benefit from the availability of inexpensive substrate inputs. Among of them, microbe-mediated erythritol production has been implemented in an industrial scale, but microbial growth and substrate conversion rates are often limited by harsh environmental conditions. In this review, we focused on xylitol, mannitol, sorbitol, and erythritol, the four representative sugar alcohols. The main metabolic engineering strategies, such as regulation of key genes and cofactor balancing, for improving the production of these sugar alcohols were reviewed. The feasible strategies to enhance the stress tolerance of chassis cells, especially thermotolerance, were also summarized. Different low-cost substrates like glycerol, molasses, cellulose hydrolysate, and CO2 employed for producing these sugar alcohols were presented. Given the value of polyols as precursor platform chemicals that can be leveraged to produce a diverse array of chemical products, we not only discuss the challenges encountered in the above parts, but also envisioned the development of their derivatives for broadening the application of sugar alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Liang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Mingfeng Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jing Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Qinhong Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
| | - Zongjie Dai
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China.
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Theodosiou E. Engineering Strategies for Efficient Bioconversion of Glycerol to Value-Added Products by Yarrowia lipolytica. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13040657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica has been a valuable biotechnological workhorse for the production of commercially important biochemicals for over 70 years. The knowledge gained so far on the native biosynthetic pathways, as well as the availability of numerous systems and synthetic biology tools, enabled not only the regulation and the redesign of the existing metabolic pathways, but also the introduction of novel synthetic ones; further consolidating the position of the yeast in industrial biotechnology. However, for the development of competitive and sustainable biotechnological production processes, bioengineering should be reinforced by bioprocess optimization strategies. Although there are many published reviews on the bioconversion of various carbon sources to value-added products by Yarrowia lipolytica, fewer works have focused on reviewing up-to-date strain, medium, and process engineering strategies with an aim to emphasize the significance of integrated engineering approaches. The ultimate goal of this work is to summarize the necessary knowledge and inspire novel routes to manipulate at a systems level the yeast biosynthetic machineries by combining strain and bioprocess engineering. Due to the increasing surplus of biodiesel-derived waste glycerol and the favored glycerol-utilization metabolic pathways of Y. lipolytica over other carbon sources, the present review focuses on pure and crude glycerol-based biomanufacturing.
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Ribeiro GO, Rodrigues LDAP, dos Santos TBS, Alves JPS, Oliveira RS, Nery TBR, Barbosa JDV, Soares MBP. Innovations and developments in single cell protein: Bibliometric review and patents analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1093464. [PMID: 36741879 PMCID: PMC9897208 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1093464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Global demand for food products derived from alternative proteins and produced through sustainable technological routes is increasing. Evaluation of research progress, main trends and developments in the field are valuable to identify evolutionary nuances. Methods In this study, a bibliometric analysis and search of patents on alternative proteins from fermentation processes was carried out using the Web of Science and Derwent World Patents Index™ databases, using the keywords and Boolean operators "fermentation" AND "single cell protein" OR "single-cell protein." The dataset was processed and graphics generated using the bibliometric software VOSviewer and OriginPro 8.1. Results The analysis performed recovered a total of 360 articles, of which 271 were research articles, 49 literature review articles and 40 publications distributed in different categories, such as reprint, proceedings paper, meeting abstract among others. In addition, 397 patents related to the field were identified, with China being the country with the largest number of publications and patents deposits. While this topic is largely interdisciplinary, the majority of work is in the area of Biotechnology Applied Microbiology, which boasts the largest number of publications. The area with the most patent filings is the food sector, with particular emphasis on the fields of biochemistry, beverages, microbiology, enzymology and genetic engineering. Among these patents, 110 are active, with industries or companies being the largest depositors. Keyword analysis revealed that the area of study involving single cell protein has included investigation into types of microorganisms, fermentation, and substrates (showing a strong trend in the use of agro-industrial by-products) as well as optimization of production processes. Conclusion This bibliometric analysis provided important information, challenges, and trends on this relevant subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislane Oliveira Ribeiro
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Leticia de Alencar Pereira Rodrigues
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil,SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil,*Correspondence: Leticia de Alencar Pereira Rodrigues, ✉
| | | | - João Pedro Santos Alves
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Roseane Santos Oliveira
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barreto Rocha Nery
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil,SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Alternative Protein Competence Center, University Center SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil,SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil,Milena Botelho Pereira Soares,
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Rakicka-Pustułka M, Ziuzia P, Pierwoła J, Szymański K, Wróbel-Kwiatkowska M, Lazar Z. The microbial production of kynurenic acid using Yarrowia lipolytica yeast growing on crude glycerol and soybean molasses. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:936137. [PMID: 36061425 PMCID: PMC9428254 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.936137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica yeast are able to produce kynurenic acid—a very valuable compound acting as a neuroprotective and antioxidant agent in humans. The recent data proved the existence of the kynurenine biosynthesis pathway in this yeast cells. Due to this fact, the aim of this work was to enhance kynurenic acid production using crude glycerol and soybean molasses as cheap and renewable carbon and nitrogen sources. The obtained results showed that Y. lipolytica GUT1 mutants are able to produce kynurenic acid in higher concentrations (from 4.5 mg dm−3 to 14.1 mg dm−3) than the parental strain (3.6 mg dm−3) in the supernatant in a medium with crude glycerol. Moreover, the addition of soybean molasses increased kynurenic acid production by using wild type and transformant strains. The A-101.1.31 GUT1/1 mutant strain produced 17.7 mg dm−3 of kynurenic acid in the supernatant during 150 h of the process and 576.7 mg kg−1 of kynurenic acid in dry yeast biomass. The presented work proves the great potential of microbial kynurenic acid production using waste feedstock. Yeast biomass obtained in this work is rich in protein, with a low content of lipid, and can be a healthy ingredient of animal and human diet.
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Jach ME, Malm A. Yarrowia lipolytica as an Alternative and Valuable Source of Nutritional and Bioactive Compounds for Humans. Molecules 2022; 27:2300. [PMID: 35408699 PMCID: PMC9000428 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica, an oleagineous species of yeast, is a carrier of various important nutrients. The biomass of this yeast is an extensive source of protein, exogenous amino acids, bioavailable essenctial trace minerals, and lipid compounds as mainly unsaturated fatty acids. The biomass also contains B vitamins, including vitamin B12, and many other bioactive components. Therefore, Y. lipolytica biomass can be used in food supplements for humans as safe and nutritional additives for maintaining the homeostasis of the organism, including for vegans and vegetarians, athletes, people after recovery, and people at risk of B vitamin deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Elżbieta Jach
- Department of Molecular Biology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów Street 1I, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki Street 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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Martínez-Miranda JG, Chairez I, Durán-Páramo E. Mannitol Production by Heterofermentative Lactic Acid Bacteria: a Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:2762-2795. [PMID: 35195836 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes, and other cardiovascular diseases are directly related to the high consumption of processed sugars with high caloric content. The current food industry has novel trends related to replacing highly caloric sugars with non-caloric or low-calorie sweeteners. Mannitol, a polyol, represents a suitable substitute because it has a low caloric content and does not induce a glycemic response, which is crucial for diabetic people. Consequently, this polyol has multiple applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and medicine industries. Mannitol can be produced by plant extraction, chemical or enzymatic synthesis, or microbial fermentation. Different in vitro processes have been developed regarding enzymatic synthesis to obtain mannitol from fructose, glucose, or starch-derived substrates. Various microorganisms such as yeast, fungi, and bacteria are applied for microbial fermentation. Among them, heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a reliable and feasible alternative due to their metabolic characteristics. In this regard, the yield and productivity of mannitol depend on the culture system, the growing conditions, and the culture medium composition. In situ mannitol production represents a novel approach to decrease the sugar content in food and beverages. Also, genetic engineering offers an interesting option to obtain mannitol-producing strains. This review presents and discusses the most significant advances that have been made in the mannitol production through fermentation by heterofermentative LAB, including the pertinent and critical analysis of culture conditions considering broth composition, reaction systems, and their effects on productivities and yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gilberto Martínez-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Bioconversiones, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isaac Chairez
- Laboratorio de Bioconversiones, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Durán-Páramo
- Laboratorio de Bioconversiones, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n, Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, 07340, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Erian AM, Sauer M. Utilizing yeasts for the conversion of renewable feedstocks to sugar alcohols - a review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126296. [PMID: 34798255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sugar alcohols are widely marketed compounds. They are useful building block chemicals and of particular value as low- or non-calorigenic sweeteners, serving as sugar substitutes in the food industry. To date most sugar alcohols are produced by chemical routes using pure sugars, but a transition towards the use of renewable, non-edible feedstocks is anticipated. Several yeasts are naturally able to convert renewable feedstocks, such as lignocellulosic substrates, glycerol and molasses, into sugar alcohols. These bioconversions often face difficulties to obtain sufficiently high yields and productivities necessary for industrialization. This review provides insight into the most recent studies on utilizing yeasts for the conversion of renewable feedstocks to diverse sugar alcohols, including xylitol, erythritol, mannitol and arabitol. Moreover, metabolic approaches are highlighted that specifically target shortcomings of sugar alcohol production by yeasts from these renewable substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Erian
- CD-Laboratory for Biotechnology of Glycerol, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Sauer
- CD-Laboratory for Biotechnology of Glycerol, Muthgasse 18, Vienna, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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Jach ME, Serefko A, Ziaja M, Kieliszek M. Yeast Protein as an Easily Accessible Food Source. Metabolites 2022; 12:63. [PMID: 35050185 PMCID: PMC8780597 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the awareness and willingness of consumers to consume healthy food has grown significantly. In order to meet these needs, scientists are looking for innovative methods of food production, which is a source of easily digestible protein with a balanced amino acid composition. Yeast protein biomass (single cell protein, SCP) is a bioavailable product which is obtained when primarily using as a culture medium inexpensive various waste substrates including agricultural and industrial wastes. With the growing population, yeast protein seems to be an attractive alternative to traditional protein sources such as plants and meat. Moreover, yeast protein biomass also contains trace minerals and vitamins including B-group. Thus, using yeast in the production of protein provides both valuable nutrients and enhances purification of wastes. In conclusion, nutritional yeast protein biomass may be the best option for human and animal nutrition with a low environmental footprint. The rapidly evolving SCP production technology and discoveries from the world of biotechnology can make a huge difference in the future for the key improvement of hunger problems and the possibility of improving world food security. On the market of growing demand for cheap and environmentally clean SCP protein with practically unlimited scale of production, it may soon become one of the ingredients of our food. The review article presents the possibilities of protein production by yeast groups with the use of various substrates as well as the safety of yeast protein used as food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Elżbieta Jach
- Department of Molecular Biology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów Street 1I, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Serefko
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki Street 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Maria Ziaja
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, Cicha Street 2a, 35-326 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Street 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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