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Wróbel-Kwiatkowska M, Turski W, Silska G, Rakicka-Pustułka M, Dymińska L, Rymowicz W. Determination of Bioactive Compound Kynurenic Acid in Linum usitatissimum L. Molecules 2024; 29:1702. [PMID: 38675522 PMCID: PMC11051930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is a bioactive compound exhibiting multiple actions and positive effects on human health due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. KYNA has been found to have a beneficial effect on wound healing and the prevention of scarring. Despite notable progress in the research focused on KYNA observed during the last 10 years, KYNA's presence in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) has not been proven to date. In the present study, parts of flax plants were analysed for KYNA synthesis. Moreover, eight different cultivars of flax seeds were tested for the presence of KYNA, resulting in a maximum of 0.432 µg/g FW in the seeds of the cultivar Jan. The level of KYNA was also tested in the stems and roots of two selected flax cultivars: an oily cultivar (Linola) and a fibrous cultivar (Nike). The exposure of plants to the KYNA precursors tryptophan and kynurenine resulted in higher levels of KYNA accumulation in flax shoots and roots. Thus, the obtained results indicate that KYNA might be synthesized in flax. The highest amount of KYNA (295.9 µg/g dry weight [DW]) was detected in flax roots derived from plants grown in tissue cultures supplemented with tryptophan. A spectroscopic analysis of KYNA was performed using the FTIR/ATR method. It was found that, in tested samples, the characteristic KYNA vibration bands overlap with the bands corresponding to the vibrations of biopolymers (especially pectin and cellulose) present in flax plants and fibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wróbel-Kwiatkowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland (W.R.)
| | - Waldemar Turski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8B, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Grażyna Silska
- Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants—National Research Institute, Wojska Polskiego 71B, 60-630 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Rakicka-Pustułka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland (W.R.)
| | - Lucyna Dymińska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Production Engineering, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53-345 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland (W.R.)
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Rywińska A, Tomaszewska-Hetman L, Lazar Z, Juszczyk P, Sałata P, Malek K, Kawecki A, Rymowicz W. Application of New Yarrowia lipolytica Transformants in Production of Citrates and Erythritol from Glycerol. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1475. [PMID: 38338753 PMCID: PMC10855631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Citric acid and erythritol are obtained on an industrial scale using biotechnological methods. Due to the growing market demand for these products, research is underway to improve the process economics by introducing new microorganisms, in particular of the species Yarrowia lipolytica. The aim of this study was to evaluate transformants of Y. lipolytica for growth and ability to overproduce citric acids and erythritol from glycerol. The transformants were constructed by overexpressing glycerol kinase, methylcitrate synthase and mitochondrial succinate-fumarate transporter in the mutant Wratislavia 1.31. Next, strains were assessed for biosynthesis of citrate (pH 5.5; nitrogen limitation) and erythritol (pH 3.0; high osmotic pressure) from glycerol. Regardless of culture conditions strains, 1.31.GUT1/6 and 1.31.GUT1/6.CIT1/3 exhibited high rates of substrate utilization. Under conditions favoring citrate biosynthesis, both strains produced several percent more citrates, accompanied by higher erythritol production compared to the parental strain. During erythritol biosynthesis, the strain 1.31.GUT1/6.CIT1/3.E34672g obtained as a result of co-expression of all three genes stood out, producing 84.0 g/L of erythritol with yield and productivity of 0.54 g/g and 0.72 g/Lh, respectively, which places it in the group of the highest-ranked producers of erythritol among Y. lipolytica species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ludwika Tomaszewska-Hetman
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, The Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego Str. 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.R.); (Z.L.); (P.J.); (P.S.); (A.K.); (W.R.)
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3
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Matusiewicz M, Wróbel-Kwiatkowska M, Niemiec T, Świderek W, Kosieradzka I, Rosińska A, Niwińska A, Rakicka-Pustułka M, Kocki T, Rymowicz W, Turski WA. Effect of Yarrowia lipolytica yeast biomass with increased kynurenic acid content on selected metabolic indicators in mice. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15833. [PMID: 37780388 PMCID: PMC10540775 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The unconventional yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica is a valuable source of protein and many other nutrients. It can be used to produce hydrolytic enzymes and metabolites, including kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous metabolite of tryptophan with a multidirectional effect on the body. The administration of Y. lipolytica with an increased content of KYNA in the diet may have a beneficial effect on metabolism, which was evaluated in a nutritional experiment on mice. Methods In the dry biomass of Y. lipolytica S12 enriched in KYNA (high-KYNA yeast) and low-KYNA (control) yeast, the content of KYNA was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Then, proximate and amino acid composition and selected indicators of antioxidant status were compared. The effect of 5% high-KYNA yeast content in the diet on the growth, hematological and biochemical indices of blood and the redox status of the liver was determined in a 7-week experiment on adult male mice from an outbred colony derived from A/St, BALB/c, BN/a and C57BL/6J inbred strains. Results High-KYNA yeast was characterized by a greater concentration of KYNA than low-KYNA yeast (0.80 ± 0.08 vs. 0.29 ± 0.01 g/kg dry matter), lower content of crude protein with a less favorable amino acid composition and minerals, higher level of crude fiber and fat and lower ferric-reducing antioxidant power, concentration of phenols and glutathione. Consumption of the high-KYNA yeast diet did not affect the cumulative body weight gain per cage, cumulative food intake per cage and protein efficiency ratio compared to the control diet. A trend towards lower mean corpuscular volume and hematocrit, higher mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and lower serum total protein and globulins was observed, increased serum total cholesterol and urea were noted. Its ingestion resulted in a trend towards greater ferric-reducing antioxidant power in the liver and did not affect the degree of liver lipid and protein oxidation. Conclusions The improvement of the quality of Y. lipolytica yeast biomass with increased content of KYNA, including its antioxidant potential, would be affected by the preserved level of protein and unchanged amino acid profile. It will be worth investigating the effect of such optimized yeast on model animals, including animals with metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Matusiewicz
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wróbel-Kwiatkowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Niemiec
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiesław Świderek
- Department of Animal Genetics and Conservation, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Kosieradzka
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Rosińska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Niwińska
- Department of Large Animal Diseases and Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rakicka-Pustułka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kocki
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar A. Turski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Juszczyk P, Rywińska A, Kosicka J, Tomaszewska-Hetman L, Rymowicz W. Sugar Alcohol Sweetener Production by Yarrowia lipolytica Grown in Media Containing Glycerol. Molecules 2023; 28:6594. [PMID: 37764370 PMCID: PMC10534813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of the world's annual production of mannitol is by chemical means, but, due to increasing demand for natural sweeteners, alternative production methods are being sought. The aim of the study was to screen Yarrowia lipolytica yeast strains and select culture conditions for the efficient and selective biosynthesis of mannitol from glycerol. From 21 strains examined in the shake-flask culture for mannitol biosynthesis from glycerol (100 g/L), three strains were selected-S2, S3, and S4-and further evaluated in batch bioreactor cultures with technical and raw glycerol (150 g/L). The best production parameters were observed for strain S3, which additionally was found to be the most resistant to NaCl concentration. Next, strain S3 was examined in batch culture with regard to the initial glycerol concentration (from 50 to 250 g/L). It was found that the substrate concentrations of 50 and 75 g/L resulted in the highest mannitol selectivity, about 70%. The fed-batch culture system proposed in this paper (performed in two variants in which glycerol was dosed in four portions of about 50 or 75 g/L) resulted in increased mannitol production, up to 78.5 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Juszczyk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.R.); (J.K.); (L.T.-H.); (W.R.)
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5
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Rakicka-Pustułka M, Miedzianka J, Jama D, Kawalec S, Liman K, Janek T, Skaradziński G, Rymowicz W, Lazar Z. High value-added products derived from crude glycerol via microbial fermentation using Yarrowia clade yeast. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:195. [PMID: 34627248 PMCID: PMC8502345 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-021-01686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contemporary biotechnology focuses on many problems related to the functioning of developed societies. Many of these problems are related to health, especially with the rapidly rising numbers of people suffering from civilization diseases, such as obesity or diabetes. One factor contributing to the development of these diseases is the high consumption of sucrose. A very promising substitute for this sugar has emerged: the polyhydroxy alcohols, characterized by low caloric value and sufficient sweetness to replace table sugar in food production. RESULTS In the current study, yeast belonging to the Yarrowia clade were tested for erythritol, mannitol and arabitol production using crude glycerol from the biodiesel and soap industries as carbon sources. Out of the 13 tested species, Yarrowia divulgata and Candida oslonensis turned out to be particularly efficient polyol producers. Both species produced large amounts of these compounds from both soap-derived glycerol (59.8-62.7 g dm-3) and biodiesel-derived glycerol (76.8-79.5 g dm-3). However, it is equally important that the protein and lipid content of the biomass (around 30% protein and 12% lipid) obtained after the processes is high enough to use this yeast in the production of animal feed. CONCLUSIONS The use of waste glycerol for the production of polyols as well as utilization of the biomass obtained after the process for the production of feed are part of the development of modern waste-free technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rakicka-Pustułka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Miedzianka
- Department of Food Storage and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Jama
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kawalec
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Liman
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Skaradziński
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Lazar
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wroclaw, Poland
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6
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Tomaszewska-Hetman L, Rywińska A, Lazar Z, Juszczyk P, Rakicka-Pustułka M, Janek T, Kuźmińska-Bajor M, Rymowicz W. Application of a New Engineered Strain of Yarrowia lipolytica for Effective Production of Calcium Ketoglutarate Dietary Supplements. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7577. [PMID: 34299193 PMCID: PMC8304598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a technology for the production of dietary supplements based on yeast biomass and α-ketoglutaric acid (KGA), produced by a new transformant of Yarrowia lipolytica with improved KGA biosynthesis ability, as well to verify the usefulness of the obtained products for food and feed purposes. Transformants of Y. lipolytica were constructed to overexpress genes encoding glycerol kinase, methylcitrate synthase and mitochondrial organic acid transporter. The strains were compared in terms of growth ability in glycerol- and oil-based media as well as their suitability for KGA biosynthesis in mixed glycerol-oil medium. The impact of different C:N:P ratios on KGA production by selected strain was also evaluated. Application of the strain that overexpressed all three genes in the culture with a C:N:P ratio of 87:5:1 allowed us to obtain 53.1 g/L of KGA with productivity of 0.35 g/Lh and yield of 0.53 g/g. Finally, the possibility of obtaining three different products with desired nutritional and health-beneficial characteristics was demonstrated: (1) calcium α-ketoglutarate (CaKGA) with purity of 89.9% obtained by precipitation of KGA with CaCO3, (2) yeast biomass with very good nutritional properties, (3) fixed biomass-CaKGA preparation containing 87.2 μg/g of kynurenic acid, which increases the health-promoting value of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwika Tomaszewska-Hetman
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego Street 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (A.R.); (Z.L.); (P.J.); (M.R.-P.); (T.J.); (M.K.-B.); (W.R.)
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7
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Janek T, Gudiña EJ, Połomska X, Biniarz P, Jama D, Rodrigues LR, Rymowicz W, Lazar Z. Sustainable Surfactin Production by Bacillus subtilis Using Crude Glycerol from Different Wastes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123488. [PMID: 34201182 PMCID: PMC8230125 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most biosurfactants are obtained using costly culture media and purification processes, which limits their wider industrial use. Sustainability of their production processes can be achieved, in part, by using cheap substrates found among agricultural and food wastes or byproducts. In the present study, crude glycerol, a raw material obtained from several industrial processes, was evaluated as a potential low-cost carbon source to reduce the costs of surfactin production by Bacillus subtilis #309. The culture medium containing soap-derived waste glycerol led to the best surfactin production, reaching about 2.8 g/L. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing surfactin production by B. subtilis using stearin and soap wastes as carbon sources. A complete chemical characterization of surfactin analogs produced from the different waste glycerol samples was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Furthermore, the surfactin produced in the study exhibited good stability in a wide range of pH, salinity and temperatures, suggesting its potential for several applications in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Janek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (X.P.); (P.B.); (D.J.); (W.R.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-320-7734
| | - Eduardo J. Gudiña
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (E.J.G.); (L.R.R.)
| | - Xymena Połomska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (X.P.); (P.B.); (D.J.); (W.R.); (Z.L.)
| | - Piotr Biniarz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (X.P.); (P.B.); (D.J.); (W.R.); (Z.L.)
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dominika Jama
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (X.P.); (P.B.); (D.J.); (W.R.); (Z.L.)
| | - Lígia R. Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (E.J.G.); (L.R.R.)
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (X.P.); (P.B.); (D.J.); (W.R.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zbigniew Lazar
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (X.P.); (P.B.); (D.J.); (W.R.); (Z.L.)
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Janek T, Mirończuk AM, Rymowicz W, Dobrowolski A. High-yield expression of extracellular lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica and its interactions with lipopeptide biosurfactants: A biophysical approach. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 689:108475. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Wróbel‐Kwiatkowska M, Turski W, Kocki T, Rakicka‐Pustułka M, Rymowicz W. An efficient method for production of kynurenic acid by
Yarrowia lipolytica. Yeast 2020; 37:541-547. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wróbel‐Kwiatkowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wrocław Poland
| | - Waldemar Turski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Lublin Lublin Poland
| | - Tomasz Kocki
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Lublin Lublin Poland
| | - Magdalena Rakicka‐Pustułka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wrocław Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences Wrocław Poland
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Citric acid is considered as the most economically feasible product of microbiological production, therefore studies on cheap and renewable raw materials for its production are highly desirable. In this study citric acid was synthesized by genetically engineered strains of Yarrowia lipolytica from widely available, renewable polysaccharide - inulin. Hydrolysis of inulin by the Y. lipolytica strains was established by expressing the inulinase gene (INU1 gene; GenBank: X57202.1) with its native secretion signal sequence was amplified from genomic DNA from Kluyveromyces marxianus CBS6432. To ensure the maximum citric acid titer, the optimal cultivation strategy-repeated-batch culture was applied. RESULTS The strain Y. lipolytica AWG7 INU 8 secreted more than 200 g dm- 3 of citric acid during repeated-batch culture on inulin, with a productivity of 0.51 g dm- 3 h- 1 and a yield of 0.85 g g- 1. CONCLUSIONS The citric acid titer obtained in the proposed process is the highest value reported in the literature for Yarrowia yeast. The obtained results suggest that citric acid production from inulin by engineered Y. lipolytica may be a very promising technology for industrial citric acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rakicka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego St, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Wolniak
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego St, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Lazar
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego St, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37 Chełmońskiego St, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
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11
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Rzechonek DA, Dobrowolski A, Rymowicz W, Mirończuk AM. Aseptic production of citric and isocitric acid from crude glycerol by genetically modified Yarrowia lipolytica. Bioresour Technol 2019; 271:340-344. [PMID: 30292133 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The unconventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is known for its capacity to produce citric or isocitric acid from glycerol. In this study a reduction of production cost was achieved by using cheap crude glycerol and conducting the production at pH 3 to prevent bacterial contamination. In this study a Y. lipolytica strain overexpressing Gut1 and Gut2 was used. For the modified strain, crude glycerol proved to be an excellent substrate for production of citric/isocitric acids in aseptic conditions, as the final concentration of these compounds reached 75.9 ± 1.8 g L-1 after 7 days of batch production. Interestingly, the concentration of isocitric acid was 42.5 ± 2.4 g L-1, which is one of the highest concentrations of isocitric acid obtained from a waste substrate. In summary, these data show that organic acids can be efficiently produced by the yeast Y. lipolytica from crude glycerol without any prior purification in aseptic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota A Rzechonek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Dobrowolski
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland.
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12
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Wróbel-Kwiatkowska M, Kropiwnicki M, Żebrowski J, Beopoulos A, Dymińska L, Hanuza J, Rymowicz W. Effect of mcl-PHA synthesis in flax on plant mechanical properties and cell wall composition. Transgenic Res 2018; 28:77-90. [PMID: 30484148 PMCID: PMC6353814 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The high demand for new biomaterials makes synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) in plants an interesting and desirable achievement. Production of polymers in plants is an example of application of biotechnology for improving the properties of plants, e.g. industrial properties, but it can also provide knowledge about plant physiology and metabolism. The subject of the present study was an industrially important plant: flax, Linum usitatissimum L., of a fibre cultivar (cv Nike). In the study the gene encoding PHA synthase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fused to a peroxisomal targeting signal, was expressed in flax plants with the aim of modifying the mechanical properties of plants. Medium-chain-length (mcl) hydroxy acids in flax plants from tissue cultures were detected by GC-FID and FTIR method. The introduced changes did not affect fatty acid content and composition in generated flax plants. Since mcl-PHA are known as elastomers, the mechanical properties of created plants were examined. Modified plants showed increases in the values of all measured parameters (except strain at break evaluated for one modified line). The largest increase was noted for tensile stiffness, which was 2- to 3-fold higher than in wild-type plants. The values estimated for another parameter, Young's modulus, was almost at the same level in generated flax plants, and they were about 2.7-fold higher when compared to unmodified plants. The created plants also exhibited up to about 2.4-fold higher tensile strength. The observed changes were accompanied by alterations in the expression of selected genes, related to cell wall metabolism in line with the highest expression of phaC1 gene. Biochemical data were confirmed by spectroscopic methods, which also revealed that crystallinity index values of cellulose in modified flax plants were increased in comparison to wild-type flax plants and correlated with biomechanical properties of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wróbel-Kwiatkowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Kropiwnicki
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Żebrowski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Athanasios Beopoulos
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Lucyna Dymińska
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Economics, Wrocław University of Economics, Komandorska Str. 118/120, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Hanuza
- Institute of Low Temperatures and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna Str.2, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
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Urbanek AK, Rymowicz W, Mirończuk AM. Degradation of plastics and plastic-degrading bacteria in cold marine habitats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:7669-7678. [PMID: 29992436 PMCID: PMC6132502 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic plastics present in everyday materials constitute the main anthropogenic debris entering the Earth’s oceans. The oceans provide important and valuable resources such as food, energy, and water. They are also the main way of international trade and the main stabilizer of the climate. Hence, changes in the marine ecosystem caused by anthropogenic influences such as plastic pollution can have a dramatic impact on a global scale. Although the problem of plastics still remains unsolved, different ways are being considered to reduce their impact on the environment. One of them is to use microorganisms capable of degradation of plastic. A particularly interesting area is the application of microorganisms isolated from cold regions in view of their unique characteristics. Nevertheless, the interactions between plastic and microorganisms are still poorly known. Here, we present a review of current knowledge on plastic degradation and plastic-microorganism interactions in cold marine habitats. Moreover, we highlight the advantages of microorganisms isolated from this environment for eliminating plastic waste from ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta K Urbanek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland.
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14
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Urbanek AK, Rymowicz W, Strzelecki MC, Kociuba W, Franczak Ł, Mirończuk AM. Isolation and characterization of Arctic microorganisms decomposing bioplastics. AMB Express 2017; 7:148. [PMID: 28697585 PMCID: PMC5503855 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0448-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing amount of plastic waste causes significant environmental pollution. In this study, screening of Arctic microorganisms which are able to degrade bioplastics was performed. In total, 313 microorganisms were isolated from 52 soil samples from the Arctic region (Spitsbergen). Among the isolated microorganisms, 121 (38.66%) showed biodegradation activity. The ability of clear zone formation on emulsified poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) was observed for 116 microorganisms (95.87%), on poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) for 73 microorganisms (60.33%), and on poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) for 102 microorganisms (84.3%). Moreover, the growth of microorganisms on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) agar plates was observed for 56 microorganisms (46.28%). Based on the 16S rRNA sequence, 10 bacterial strains which showed the highest ability for biodegradation were identified as species belonging to Pseudomonas sp. and Rhodococcus sp. The isolated fungal strains were tested for polycaprolactone films and commercial corn and potato starch bags degradation under laboratory conditions. Strains 16G (based on the analysis of a partial 18S rRNA sequence, identified as Clonostachys rosea) and 16H (identified as Trichoderma sp.) showed the highest capability for biodegradation. A particularly high capability for biodegradation was observed for the strain Clonostachys rosea, which showed 100% degradation of starch films and 52.91% degradation of PCL films in a 30-day shake flask experiment. The main advantage of the microorganisms isolated from Arctic environment is the ability to grow at low temperature and efficient biodegradation under this condition. The data suggest that C. rosea can be used in natural and laboratory conditions for degradations of bioplastics.
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Rakicka M, Biegalska A, Rymowicz W, Dobrowolski A, Mirończuk AM. Polyol production from waste materials by genetically modified Yarrowia lipolytica. Bioresour Technol 2017; 243:393-399. [PMID: 28686929 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Sugar alcohols (polyols) are sweeteners with many industrial applications. In this study, a fermentation process of polyol production based on waste substrates - raw industrial molasses and crude glycerol - was tested. The yeast strain Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 was genetically modified by overexpression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SUC2 gene and overexpression of the native GUT1 gene. This process allowed for sucrose utilization and rapid glycerol assimilation by the engineered strain. In this study, the obtained strain AIB pAD-UTGut1 produced 100.65±3.75g/l of polyols, with productivity of 1.09±0.9g/lh and yield of 0.67±0.2g/g. This is the first study describing efficient polyol production by the modified Y. lipolytica strain from industrial raw molasses and crude glycerol. By process optimization, we established conditions for abundant polyol synthesis from low-value substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rakicka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Anna Biegalska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Adam Dobrowolski
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland.
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16
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Rzechonek DA, Neuvéglise C, Devillers H, Rymowicz W, Mirończuk AM. EUF1 - a newly identified gene involved in erythritol utilization in Yarrowia lipolytica. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12507. [PMID: 28970528 PMCID: PMC5624910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12715-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene YALI0F01562g was identified as an important factor involved in erythritol catabolism of the unconventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Its putative role was identified for the first time by comparative analysis of four Y. lipolytica strains: A-101.1.31, Wratislavia K1, MK1 and AMM. The presence of a mutation that seriously damaged the gene corresponded to inability of the strain Wratislavia K1 to utilize erythritol. RT-PCR analysis of the strain MK1 demonstrated a significant increase in YALI0F01562g expression during growth on erythritol. Further studies involving deletion and overexpression of the selected gene showed that it is indeed essential for efficient erythritol assimilation. The deletion strain Y. lipolytica AMM∆euf1 was almost unable to grow on erythritol as the sole carbon source. When the strain was applied in the process of erythritol production from glycerol, the amount of erythritol remained constant after reaching the maximal concentration. Analysis of the YALI0F01562g gene sequence revealed the presence of domains characteristic for transcription factors. Therefore we suggest naming the studied gene Erythritol Utilization Factor - EUF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota A Rzechonek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37, Wrocław, 57-630, Poland
| | - Cécile Neuvéglise
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Devillers
- Micalis Institute, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, Paris, France
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37, Wrocław, 57-630, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 37, Wrocław, 57-630, Poland.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota A. Rzechonek
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Dobrowolski
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M. Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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18
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Kropiwnicki M, Kwiatkowska MW, Rymowicz W. Optimization of transformation and regeneration of Polish apple cultivar ( Malus domestica cv. Alwa). J Biotechnol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.06.1137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Rakicka M, Mirończuk AM, Tomaszewska-Hetman L, Rywińska A, Rymowicz W. An Effective Method of Continuous Production of Erythritol from Glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica MK1. Food Technol Biotechnol 2017; 55:125-130. [PMID: 28559741 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.55.01.17.4812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the potential applicability of the UV mutant Yarrowia lipolytica MK1 for the valorisation of glycerol and erythritol production in a chemostat culture. The aim of this research is to investigate the optimal C:N ratio in the feeding medium in order to enhance erythritol production. The highest erythritol concentration, at 113.1 g/L with a volumetric erythritol production rate of 1.1 g/(L·h) and a yield of 0.57 g/g, was obtained in the feeding medium with a C:N ratio of 80:1. Moreover, no residual glycerol was observed in the culture broth during cultivation. The chemical composition of the biomass was analysed. The contents of lysine and threonine in the biomass protein amino acid profile were higher than those required by the FAO/WHO for fodder yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rakicka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental
and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, PL-51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental
and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, PL-51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ludwika Tomaszewska-Hetman
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental
and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, PL-51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anita Rywińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental
and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, PL-51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental
and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego St. 37, PL-51-630 Wroclaw, Poland
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20
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Rywinska A, Hetman LT, Rymowicz W. Erythritol production from raw materials by Yarrowia lipolytica. J Biotechnol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Wróbel-Kwiatkowska M, Kostyn K, Dyminska L, Hanuza J, Szopa J, Rymowicz W. Characterization of suspension cultures derived from transgenic flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) plants. J Biotechnol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Dobrowolski A, Mituła P, Rymowicz W, Mirończuk AM. Efficient conversion of crude glycerol from various industrial wastes into single cell oil by yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Bioresour Technol 2016; 207:237-43. [PMID: 26890799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, crude glycerol from various industries was used to produce lipids via wild type Yarrowia lipolytica A101. We tested samples without any prior purification from five different waste products; each contained various concentrations of glycerol (42-87%) as the sole carbon source. The best results for lipid production were obtained for medium containing glycerol from fat saponification. This reached 1.69gL(-1) (25% of total cell dry weight) with a biomass yield of 0.17gg(-1) in the flasks experiment. The batch cultivation in a bioreactor resulted in enhanced lipid production-it achieved 4.72gL(-1) with a biomass yield 0.21gg(-1). Moreover, the properly selected batch of crude glycerol provides a defined fatty acid composition. In summary, this paper shows that crude glycerol from soap production could be efficiently converted to single cell oil without any prior purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Dobrowolski
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Paweł Mituła
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq 24, Wrocław 50-363, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland.
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Rakicka M, Rywińska A, Cybulski K, Rymowicz W. Enhanced production of erythritol and mannitol by Yarrowia lipolytica in media containing surfactants. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:417-23. [PMID: 26991292 PMCID: PMC4874608 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Various chemical compounds, including surfactants, when introduced to culture media may increase the permeability of cellular membranes and thereby affect the quantity of metabolites excreted by cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of detergents including Triton X-100, Span 20 and Tween 80 on erythritol production from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 in a shake-flask experiment, batch and fed-batch cultures. When Span 20 was added to a fed-batch culture with glycerol as a carbon source (300gL(-1)), erythritol production increased by 15% compared to the culture without the surfactant where it reached 142gL(-1) after 5 days, which corresponded to 0.47gg(-1) yield and productivity of 1.1gL(-1)h(-1). Therefore, it was concluded that Span 20 considerably enhanced the production of this polyol from glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rakicka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Anita Rywińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Cybulski
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,Wrocław, Poland
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Rakicka M, Lazar Z, Rywińska A, Rymowicz W. Efficient utilization of inulin and glycerol as fermentation substrates in erythritol and citric acid production using Yarrowia lipolytica expressing inulinase. Chemical Papers 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/chempap-2016-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInulin and glycerol were used as substrates for efficient erythritol and citric acid production by newly engineered
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Mirończuk AM, Rakicka M, Biegalska A, Rymowicz W, Dobrowolski A. A two-stage fermentation process of erythritol production by yeast Y. lipolytica from molasses and glycerol. Bioresour Technol 2015; 198:445-55. [PMID: 26409857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a two-stage fermentation process of erythritol production based on molasses and glycerol was investigated. During the first stage, the biomass of Yarrowia lipolytica was grown on medium containing sucrose as the sole carbon source. In the second stage, production of erythritol was initiated by glycerol addition. To use molasses as a substrate for erythritol synthesis, sucrose utilization was established by expressing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SUC2 gene. In this study, cultivation of yeast Y. lipolytica could produce 52-114 g/L of erythritol. The productivity was 0.58-1.04 g/L/h, and yield was 0.26-0.57 g/g; the final biomasses yield ranged 17-41 g/L. This is the first report describing erythritol production via industrial raw molasses and glycerol by Y. lipolytica. This work uses genetically modified strains of Y. lipolytica as tool for the direct conversion of affordable raw industrial molasses and glycerol into the value-added erythritol product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rakicka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Anna Biegalska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland
| | - Adam Dobrowolski
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland.
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Rywińska A, Marcinkiewicz M, Cibis E, Rymowicz W. Optimization of medium composition for erythritol production from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica using response surface methodology. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 45:515-29. [PMID: 25387364 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2014.940966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Several factors affecting erythritol production from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 strain were examined in batch fermentations. Ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, and sodium chloride were identified as critical medium components that determine the ratio of polyols produced. The central composite rotatable experimental design was used to optimize medium composition for erythritol production. The concentrations of ammonium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, and sodium chloride in the optimized medium were 2.25, 0.22, and 26.4 g L(-1), respectively. The C:N ratio was found as 81:1. In the optimized medium with 100 g L(-1) of glycerol the Wratislavia K1 strain produced 46.9 g L(-1) of erythritol, which corresponded to a 0.47 g g(-1) yield and a productivity of 0.85 g L(-1) hr(-1). In the fed-batch mode and medium with the total concentration of glycerol at 300 g L(-1) and C:N ratio at 81:1, 132 g L(-1) of erythritol was produced with 0.44 g g(-1) yield and a productivity of 1.01 g L(-1) hr(-1.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rywińska
- a Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology , Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences , Wrocław , Poland
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Mirończuk AM, Dobrowolski A, Rakicka M, Rywińska A, Rymowicz W. Newly isolated mutant of Yarrowia lipolytica MK1 as a proper host for efficient erythritol biosynthesis from glycerol. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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28
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Tomaszewska L, Rakicka M, Rymowicz W, Rywińska A. A comparative study on glycerol metabolism to erythritol and citric acid in Yarrowia lipolytica yeast cells. FEMS Yeast Res 2014; 14:966-76. [PMID: 25041612 DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Citric acid and erythritol biosynthesis from pure and crude glycerol by three acetate-negative mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica yeast was investigated in batch cultures in a wide pH range (3.0-6.5). Citric acid biosynthesis was the most effective at pH 5.0-5.5 in the case of Wratislavia 1.31 and Wratislavia AWG7. With a decreasing pH value, the direction of biosynthesis changed into erythritol synthesis accompanied by low production of citric acid. Pathways of glycerol conversion into erythritol and citric acid were investigated in Wratislavia K1 cells. Enzymatic activity was compared in cultures run at pH 3.0 and 4.5, that is, under conditions promoting the production of erythritol and citric acid, respectively. The effect of pH value (3.0 and 4.5) and NaCl presence on the extracellular production and intracellular accumulation of citric acid and erythritol was compared as well. Low pH and NaCl resulted in diminished activity of glycerol kinase, whereas such conditions stimulated the activity of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The presence of NaCl strongly influenced enzymes activity - the effective erythritol production was correlated with a high activity of transketolase and erythrose reductase. Therefore, presented results confirmed that transketolase and erythrose reductase are involved in the overproduction of erythritol in the cells of Y. lipolytica yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwika Tomaszewska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Tomaszewska L, Rymowicz W, Rywińska A. Mineral supplementation increases erythrose reductase activity in erythritol biosynthesis from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:3069-78. [PMID: 24488778 PMCID: PMC3962577 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-0745-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of divalent copper, iron, manganese, and zinc ions on the production of erythritol from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica and their effect on the activity of erythrose reductase. No inhibitory effect of the examined minerals on yeast growth was observed in the study. Supplementation with MnSO4·7H2O (25 mg l−1) increased erythritol production by Y. lipolytica by 14.5 %. In the bioreactor culture with manganese ion addition, 47.1 g l−1 of erythritol was produced from 100.0 g l−1 of glycerol, which corresponded to volumetric productivity of 0.87 g l−1 h−1. The addition of Mn2+ enhanced the intracellular activity of erythrose reductase up to 24.9 U g−1 of dry weight of biomass (DW), hence, about 1.3 times more than in the control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwika Tomaszewska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego Str. 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Waldemar Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego Str. 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anita Rywińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego Str. 37/41, 51-630 Wrocław, Poland
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Mirończuk AM, Furgała J, Rakicka M, Rymowicz W. Enhanced production of erythritol by Yarrowia lipolytica on glycerol in repeated batch cultures. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 41:57-64. [PMID: 24281394 PMCID: PMC3889834 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1380-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Erythritol is an important natural sweetener, industrially produced only by fermentation on glucose media. Glycerol is an important renewable feedstock as it is the major by-product of the biodiesel production process; here we present an alternative way to convert this low-cost substrate into value-added products, such as erythritol. Repeated batch cultures (RBC) were performed to improve the productivity of erythritol from pure and crude glycerol. An acetate negative mutant of Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1 was found to be applicable for the production of high amounts of erythritol in RBC. When 20 % of fresh replaced medium was added, the strain Wratislavia K1 was able to produce 220 g l (-1) erythritol, which corresponded to a 0.43 g g(-1) yield and a productivity of 0.54 g l(-1) h(-1). Additionally, the activity of the culture remained stable for more than 1,000 h, i.e., 11 cycles of the repeated batch bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Mirończuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37/41, 51-630, Wrocław, Poland,
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Juszczyk P, Tomaszewska L, Kita A, Rymowicz W. Biomass production by novel strains of Yarrowia lipolytica using raw glycerol, derived from biodiesel production. Bioresour Technol 2013; 137:124-131. [PMID: 23587815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrated the potential applicability of the isolated strains of Yarrowia lipolytica for the valorization of glycerol waste generated during biodiesel production, throughout biomass production. Twenty-one strains were isolated from different environments and identified as Y. lipolytica. Biomass production from pure glycerol (25 g L(-1)) was performed in the shake-flasks experiment. Eight strains with the best biomass production ability were chosen for studies in bioreactor (pH 3.5). The analysis of technological process parameters and biomass chemical composition demonstrated that S6 strain was the most suitable for biomass production. Its application allowed obtaining 11.7 and 12.3 g L(-1) of the biomass with 1.30 and 1.37 g L(-1) h(-1) productivity, respectively when pure and raw glycerol (25 g L(-1)) was used. In the yeast protein amino acid profile the contents of lysine, threonine and phenylalanine/tyrosine were higher than required by FAO/WHO. According to the EAAI, the nutritional value of the biomass reached up to 72.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Juszczyk
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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Kurzepa-Skaradzinska A, Skaradzinski G, Weber-Dabrowska B, Zaczek M, Maj T, Slawek A, Switalska M, Maciejewska M, Wietrzyk J, Rymowicz W, Gorski A. Influence of bacteriophage preparations on migration of HL-60 leukemia cells in vitro. Anticancer Res 2013; 33:1569-1574. [PMID: 23564799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteriophage therapy is considered one of the most attractive alternatives to antibiotic treatment, which may be significant due to the rising number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Patients with cancer frequently suffer bacterial infections resulting from immunosuppression caused by anticancer treatment; thus they constitute a considerable group of patients subjected to phage therapy. In this study, we investigated the influence of bacteriophages on the migration of human leukemia (HL-60) cells. Results of these studies provide data regarding phage treatment of patients with cancer, especially with this type of leukemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The influence of phage preparation on migration of HL-60 leukemia cells was evaluated with BD Bioscience Migration Chambers. RESULTS Bacteriophages have no influence on migration of HL-60 cells. The only phage preparation which stimulated migration of HL-60 cells was Staph.liz, specific to S. aureus, however, the molecular basis of these interactions cannot be currently explained. CONCLUSION Results of our studies may be in line with previous data indicating that phage therapy is safe for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Kurzepa-Skaradzinska
- Laboratory of Bacteriophages, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Kurzepa-Skaradzinska A, Lusiak-Szelachowska M, Skaradzinski G, Jonczyk-Matysiak E, Weber-Dabrowska B, Zaczek M, Maj T, Slawek A, Rymowicz W, Klak M, Miedzybrodzki R, Gorski A. Influence of bacteriophage preparations on intracellular killing of bacteria by human phagocytes in vitro. Viral Immunol 2013; 26:150-62. [PMID: 23458442 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2012.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. It was shown that bacteriophage therapy is an effective method of combating bacterial infections, including infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. One of the main obstacles to widespread use of phage preparations is limited knowledge regarding the influence of bacteriophages on human organisms. In our study, we evaluated whether application of phage preparations impair bactericidal activities of human phagocytes (granulocytes and monocytes). In our study, we used preparations of phages T2 and T4 specific to Escherichia coli and A3 phage specific to Staphylococcus aureus. We found that bacteriophage preparations do not influence intracellular killing of bacteria by human phagocytes. The effect is irrespective of phage preparation type (lysate, purified phage preparation), phage titer of the preparation, and whether bacteria phagocytosed by phagocyte cells are sensitive or insensitive to phage (bacteriophages homologous and heterologous to bacteria). Although the results of our study are preliminary, they support previous data indicating safety of therapeutic application of phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Kurzepa-Skaradzinska
- Laboratory of Bacteriophages, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Rywińska A, Musiał I, Rymowicz W, Zarowska B, Boruczkowski T. Effect of agitation and aeration on the citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica grown on glycerol. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 42:279-91. [PMID: 22509852 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2012.656868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The effects of agitation rates from 400 to 900 rpm and aeration rates ranging from 0.18 to 0.6 vvm on biomass and citric acid production on glycerol media by acetate-negative mutants of Yarrowia lipolytica, Wratislavia 1.31 and Wratislavia AWG7, in batch culture were studied. The agitation rates of 800 and 900 rpm (at a constant aeration rate of 0.36 vvm) and aeration rates within the range of 0.24-0.48 vvm (at a constant agitation rate of 800 rpm), which generated dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) higher than 40%, were found the best for citric acid biosynthesis from glycerol. An increase in agitation rate (higher than 800 rpm) and aeration rate (higher than 0.36 vvm) had no impact on DO and citric acid production. The highest citric acid concentration (92.8 g/L) and yield (0.63 g/g) were obtained with Wratislavia 1.31 strain at 0.24 vvm. The highest volumetric citric acid production rate (1.15 g/Lh) and specific citric acid production rate (0.071 g/gh) were reached at 0.48 vvm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rywińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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Tomaszewska L, Rywinska A, Musial I, Rymowicz W, Juszczyk P. Effect of vitamins source on erythritol biosynthesis by Yarrowia lipolytica Wratislavia K1. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.05.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rywińska A, Juszczyk P, Wojtatowicz M, Rymowicz W. Chemostat study of citric acid production from glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica. J Biotechnol 2011; 152:54-7. [PMID: 21262285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine how the dilution rate and the chemical composition of the production medium impacts on the synthesis of citric acid by the Yarrowia lipolytica strain Wratislavia AWG7 from glycerol in a chemostat culture. The yeast Y. lipolytica Wratislavia AWG7, an acetate (acet(-)) and morphological (fil(-)) mutant, was cultured in a nitrogen- and phosphorus-limited medium at the dilution rate of 0.009-0.031h(-1) in the chemostat. Under steady-state conditions, the increase in the dilution rate was paralleled by the decrease in citric acid concentration (from 86.5 to 51.2gL(-1)), as well as by the increase in the volumetric rate (from 0.78 to 1.59gL(-1)h(-1)) and specific rate (from 0.05 to 0.18gg(-1)h(-1)) of citric acid production. The yield of the production process varied from 0.59 to 0.67gg(-1). In a 550-h continuous culture of the yeast test, at a dilution rate of 0.01h(-1), in a medium with enhanced concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus sources, the concentration of citric acid, the concentration of biomass and the volumetric rate of citric acid production were 97.8gL(-1), 22.2gL(-1) and 0.98gL(-1)h(-1), respectively. The yield of the process decreased to 0.49gg(-1). The number of dead cells did not exceed 1% while that of the budding cells accounted for about 20%. Owing to the low content of isocitric acid and polyols, the fermentation process was characterized by a high purity. This study has produced the following finding: the double mutant Y. lipolytica AWG7 is an effective citric acid producer, with the ability to preserve its properties unchanged during the long run of the continuous chemostat process. This is a valued technological feature of such mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rywińska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Science, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25/27, Wrocław, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Rywińska A, Rymowicz W, Marcinkiewicz M. Valorization of raw glycerol for citric acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica yeast. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2010. [DOI: 10.2225/vol13-issue4-fulltext-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Rywińska A, Rymowicz W. High-yield production of citric acid by Yarrowia lipolytica on glycerol in repeated-batch bioreactors. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 37:431-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-009-0687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rywińska A, Rymowicz W, Żarowska B, Skrzypiński A. Comparison of citric acid production from glycerol and glucose by different strains of Yarrowia lipolytica. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 26:1217-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-009-0291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rymowicz W, Rywinska A, Zarowska B. Biosynthesis of citric acid from crude glycerol by Yarrowia lipolytica in repeated-batch cultivations. J Biotechnol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.07.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
Crude rapeseed oil and post-refining fatty acids were used as substrates for oxalic acid production by a mutant of Aspergillus niger. Both the final concentration and the yield of the product were highest at pH 4 to 5. With a medium containing 50 g lipids l(-1), production reached a maximum of 68 g oxalic acid l(-1) after 7 d. A high yield of the product (up to 1.4 g oxalic acid g(-1) lipids consumed) was achieved with oil and fatty acids combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Rymowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Agricultural University of Wroclaw, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Wojtatowicz M, Rymowicz W, Kautola H. Comparison of different strains of the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for citric acid production from glucose hydrol. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1991; 31:165-74. [PMID: 1799291 DOI: 10.1007/bf02921787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Four commercial strains and two mutants of the yeast species Yarrowia lipolytica were screened using batch fermentation. Strain Y. lipolytica A-101-1.14 (induced with UV irradiation) was found to be the most suitable for citric acid production from glucose hydrol (39.9% glucose and 2.1% other sugars), a byproduct of glucose production from potato starch. The specific rate of total citric and isocitric acid production was 0.138 g/g.h, the yield on consumed glucose 0.93 g/g, and the productivity achieved was as high as 1.25 g/L.h. All of the tested yeast strains were able to utilize only the glucose from the glucose hydrol medium. Thus, some residual higher oligosaccharides remained in the process effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wojtatowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Academy of Agriculture, Wroclaw, Poland
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