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Ahmed Z, Ikram M, Khan I, Bashir K, Shah AJ, Hussain Z, Khan T. LC-ESI-MS/MS-based molecular networking, antioxidant, anti-glioma activity and molecular docking studies of Clematis graveolens. PLANT METHODS 2024; 20:111. [PMID: 39054477 PMCID: PMC11271027 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Clematis graveolens Lindl., an indigenous climbing plant found in the Himalayan areas, is used by local communities for the treatment of neck tumors. The objective of this work is to examine the comprehensive metabolomic profile, antioxidant capability, in vitro and in silico anti-glioma effects on U-87 human glioma cell lines of the crude extract and fractions from C. graveolens. Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) was used to establish detailed metabolite profiling of C. graveolens. The assessment of cell cytotoxicity was conducted using MTT cell viability assay on U-87 and BHK-21. Through molecular docking studies, the mode of inhibition and binding interaction between identified compounds and target proteins were also determined to evaluate the in vitro results. The use of LC-MS/MS-based global natural products social (GNPS) molecular networking analysis resulted in the identification of 27 compounds. The crude extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and chloroform fraction exhibited significant inhibitory activity against the U-87 cell lines, with IC50 values of 112.0, 138.1, and 142.7 µg/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significant inhibitory concentration for 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) activity, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity and the metal chelation activity with IC50 value of 39.50 µg/mL, 32.27 µg/mL, and 53.46 µg/mL, respectively. The crude extract showed maximum total phenolic, and total flavonoid concentration measuring 338.7 µg GAE/mg, and 177.04 µg QE/mg, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that C. graveolens consists of a diverse range of active phytoconstituents that possess antioxidant and anti-glioma properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad campus, 22060, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad campus, 22060, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Khan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, 25000, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Texas A&M Health Science Centre, Joe H. Reynolds Medical Build 159, College Station, 77843, Texas, USA
| | - Kashif Bashir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pak Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, 22600, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Jabbar Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad campus, 22060, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad campus, 22060, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad campus, 22060, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan.
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Shen YX, Lee PS, Wang CC, Teng MC, Huang JH, Fan HF. Exploring the Cellular Impact of Size-Segregated Cigarette Aerosols: Insights into Indoor Particulate Matter Toxicity and Potential Therapeutic Interventions. Chem Res Toxicol 2024; 37:1171-1186. [PMID: 38870402 PMCID: PMC11256904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to anthropogenic aerosols has been associated with a variety of adverse health effects, increased morbidity, and premature death. Although cigarette smoke poses one of the most significant public health threats, the cellular toxicity of particulate matter contained in cigarette smoke has not been systematically interrogated in a size-segregated manner. In this study, we employed a refined particle size classification to collect cigarette aerosols, enabling a comprehensive assessment and comparison of the impacts exerted by cigarette aerosol extract (CAE) on SH-SY5Y, HEK293T, and A549 cells. Exposure to CAE reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with organic components having a greater impact and SH-SY5Y cells displaying lower tolerance compared to HEK293T and A549 cells. Moreover, CAE was found to cause increased oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased levels of apoptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy, leading to increased cell death. Furthermore, we found that rutin, a phytocompound with antioxidant potential, could reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species and protect against CAE-triggered cell death. These findings underscore the therapeutic potential of antioxidant drugs in mitigating the adverse effects of cigarette aerosol exposure for better public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Shen
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Pe-Shuen Lee
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chia C. Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Teng
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Hong Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Fang Fan
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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Bouhedda A, Laouer H, Souilah N, Çakır C, Bouriah N, Abu-Elsaoud AM, Selamoglu Z, Ben Hamadi N, Alomran MM, Özdemir S, Öztürk M, Boufahja F, Bendif H. Does Erodium trifolium (Cav.) Guitt exhibit medicinal properties? Response elements from phytochemical profiling, enzyme-inhibiting, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. OPEN CHEM 2024; 22. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2024-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Geraniaceae are typically used as diuretic, anti-diarrhoeal, stomachic, and anti-hemorrhagic drugs. This study examined the phytochemicals and bioactivities in methanolic extract (ME) and petroleum ether extract (PEE) of the Erodium trifolium aerial part. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to assess the mineral profiles, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) were used to assess the phenolic content of ME, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to assess the fatty acid and volatile composition of the PEEs. In addition, the bioactivities of extracts were evaluated by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ABTS, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assays, including enzyme inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-amylase, α-glucosidase activities, and antibacterial properties. HPLC-MS identified eight compounds in ME: rutin, catechin, and caffeine were the major phenolic compounds detected. HPLC-DAD analysis showed that 11 compounds detected among epicatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and gallic acid were predominant. GC-MS analysis revealed 30 fatty acids in PEE, with palmitic acid and oleic acid being predominant. The mineral content showed that Fe was the abundant microelement, and Ca and K were the abundant macroelements. The ME exhibited the highest activity compared to the PEE in all tests regarding antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Furthermore, all the extracts showed moderate inhibition against AChE, BChE, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. In conclusion, E. trifolium may be employed to separate novel bioactive metabolites with potential pharmaceutical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Bouhedda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Nature and Life Science, Ferhat Abbas University Setif 1 , El Bez , Sétif, 19000 , Algeria
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of M’sila , PO Box 166 , Ichebilia , 28000 , Algeria
| | - Hocine Laouer
- Laboratory of Valorization of Natural Biological Resources, Department of Biology and Vegetal Ecology, University of Setif 1 , Setif , Algeria
| | - Nabila Souilah
- Laboratory of Optimization of Agriculture Production on Subhumide Zone, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Sciences, University of Skikda , Skikda , 21000 , Algeria
| | - Cansel Çakır
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University , 48121 , Kötekli , Muğla , Turkey
| | - Nacéra Bouriah
- Department and Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Tiaret , Tiaret , 14000 , Algeria
| | - Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh , 11623 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeliha Selamoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Medicine Faculty, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University , Nigde , Turkey
| | - Naoufel Ben Hamadi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IM-SIU) , Riyadh , 11623 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam M. Alomran
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , P.O.Box 84428 , Riyadh , 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadin Özdemir
- Food Processing Programme Technical Science Vocational School Mersin University, TR- Yenisehir , Mersin , Turkey
| | - Mehmet Öztürk
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University , 48121 , Kötekli , Muğla , Turkey
| | - Fehmi Boufahja
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh , 11623 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdi Bendif
- Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of M’sila , PO Box 166 , Ichebilia , 28000 , Algeria
- Laboratory of Ethnobotany and Natural Substances, Department of Natural Sciences, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) , Alger , 16308 , Algeria
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Chen L, Li S, Li W, Yu Y, Sun Q, Chen W, Zhou H, Wang C, Li L, Xu M, Khan MZ, Li Y, Wang T. Rutin prevents EqHV-8 induced infection and oxidative stress via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1386462. [PMID: 38725448 PMCID: PMC11079272 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1386462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway has been extensively studied for its role in regulating antioxidant and antiviral responses. The Equid herpesvirus type 8 (EqHV-8) poses a significant threat to the equine industry, primarily manifesting as respiratory disease, abortions, and neurological disorders in horses and donkeys. Oxidative stress is considered a key factor associated with pathogenesis of EqHV-8 infection. Unfortunately, there is currently a dearth of therapeutic interventions available for the effective control of EqHV-8. Rutin has been well documented for its antioxidant and antiviral potential. In current study we focused on the evaluation of Rutin as a potential therapeutic agent against EqHV-8 infection. Methods For this purpose, we encompassed both in-vitro and in-vivo investigations to assess the effectiveness of Rutin in combatting EqHV-8 infection. Results and Discussion The results obtained from in vitro experiments demonstrated that Rutin exerted a pronounced inhibitory effect on EqHV-8 at multiple stages of the viral life cycle. Through meticulous experimentation, we elucidated that Rutin's antiviral action against EqHV-8 is intricately linked to the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway-mediated antioxidant response. Activation of this pathway by Rutin was found to significantly impede EqHV-8 replication, thereby diminishing the viral load. This mechanistic insight not only enhances our understanding of the antiviral potential of Rutin but also highlights the significance of antioxidant stress responses in combating EqHV-8 infection. To complement our in vitro findings, we conducted in vivo studies employing a mouse model. These experiments revealed that Rutin administration resulted in a substantial reduction in EqHV-8 infection within the lungs of the mice, underscoring the compound's therapeutic promise in vivo. Conclusion In summation, our finding showed that Rutin holds promise as a novel and effective therapeutic agent for the prevention and control of EqHV-8 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yubao Li
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Nicola MA, Attaai AH, Abdel-Raheem MH, Mohammed AF, Abu-Elhassan YF. Neuroprotective effects of rutin against cuprizone-induced multiple sclerosis in mice. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1295-1315. [PMID: 38512652 PMCID: PMC11006763 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01442-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that injures the myelin sheath, provoking progressive axonal degeneration and functional impairments. No efficient therapy is available at present to combat such insults, and hence, novel safe and effective alternatives for MS therapy are extremely required. Rutin (RUT) is a flavonoid that exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects in several brain injuries. The present study evaluated the potential beneficial effects of two doses of RUT in a model of pattern-III lesion of MS, in comparison to the conventional standard drug; dimethyl fumarate (DMF). Demyelination was induced in in male adult C57BL/6 mice by dietary 0.2% (w/w) cuprizone (CPZ) feeding for 6 consecutive weeks. Treated groups received either oral RUT (50 or 100 mg/kg) or DMF (15 mg/kg), along with CPZ feeding, for 6 consecutive weeks. Mice were then tested for behavioral changes, followed by biochemical analyses and histological examinations of the corpus callosum (CC). Results revealed that CPZ caused motor dysfunction, demyelination, and glial activation in demyelinated lesions, as well as significant oxidative stress, and proinflammatory cytokine elevation. Six weeks of RUT treatment significantly improved locomotor activity and motor coordination. Moreover, RUT considerably improved remyelination in the CC of CPZ + RUT-treated mice, as revealed by luxol fast blue staining and transmission electron microscopy. Rutin also significantly attenuated CPZ-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the CC of tested animals. The effect of RUT100 was obviously more marked than either that of DMF, regarding most of the tested parameters, or even its smaller tested dose. In silico docking revealed that RUT binds tightly within NF-κB at the binding site of the protein-DNA complex, with a good negative score of -6.79 kcal/mol. Also, RUT-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) model clarifies the possible inhibition of Keap1-Nrf2 protein-protein interaction. Findings of the current study provide evidence for the protective effect of RUT in CPZ-induced demyelination and behavioral dysfunction in mice, possibly by modulating NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways. The present study may be one of the first to indicate a pro-remyelinating effect for RUT, which might represent a potential additive benefit in treating MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam A Nicola
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Asyût, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Abdelraheim H Attaai
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Assiut, New Nasser City, West of Assiut, Asyût, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyût, 71526, Egypt
| | | | - Anber F Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Asyût, 71526, Egypt
| | - Yasmin F Abu-Elhassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Asyût, 71526, Egypt
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Sharma V, Arora A, Bansal S, Semwal A, Sharma M, Aggarwal A. Role of bio-flavonols and their derivatives in improving mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with pancreatic tumorigenesis. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3920. [PMID: 38269510 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria, a cellular metabolic center, efficiently fulfill cellular energy needs and regulate crucial metabolic processes, including cellular proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Alteration in the mitochondrial functions leads to metabolic imbalances and altered extracellular matrix dynamics in the host, utilized by solid tumors like pancreatic cancer (PC) to get energy benefits for fast-growing cancer cells. PC is highly heterogeneous and remains unidentified for a longer time because of its complex pathophysiology, retroperitoneal position, and lack of efficient diagnostic approaches, which is the foremost reason for accounting for the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. PC cells often respond poorly to current therapeutics because of dense stromal barriers in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, which limit the drug delivery and distribution of antitumor immune cell populations. As an alternative approach, various natural compounds like flavonoids are reported to possess potent antioxidant and anticancerous properties and are less toxic than current chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, we aim to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the pharmacological properties of flavonols in PC in this review from the perspective of mitigating mitochondrial dysfunctions associated with cancer cells. Our literature survey indicates that flavonols efficiently regulate cellular metabolism by scavenging reactive oxygen species, mitigating inflammation, and arresting the cell cycle to promote apoptosis in tumor cells via intrinsic mitochondrial pathways. In particular, flavonols proficiently inhibit the cancer-associated proliferation and inflammatory pathways such as EGFR/MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and nuclear factor κB in PC. Overall, this review provides in-depth evidence about the therapeutic potential of flavonols for future anticancer strategies against PC; still, more multidisciplinary human interventional studies are required to dissect their pharmacological effect accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinit Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankita Arora
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sakshi Bansal
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ankita Semwal
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Mayank Sharma
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anjali Aggarwal
- Department of Anatomy, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Huang SKH, Bueno PRP, Garcia PJB, Lee MJ, De Castro-Cruz KA, Leron RB, Tsai PW. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Effects of Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. Flower Extracts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3168. [PMID: 37687413 PMCID: PMC10489841 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. flowers (OF-F) have been traditionally consumed as a functional food and utilized as folk medicine. This study evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of OF-F extracts on prostate cancer cells (DU-145) and determined possible protein-ligand interactions of its compounds in silico. The crude OF-F extracts-water (W) and ethanol (E) were tested for phytochemical screening, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer. Network and molecular docking analyses of chemical markers were executed to establish their application for anticancer drug development. OF-F-E possessed higher total polyphenols (233.360 ± 3.613 g/kg) and tannin (93.350 ± 1.003 g/kg) contents than OF-F-W. In addition, OF-F-E extract demonstrated effective DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 0.173 ± 0.004 kg/L) and contained a high FRAP value (830.620 ± 6.843 g Trolox/kg). In cell culture experiments, OF-F-E significantly reduced NO levels and inhibited cell proliferation of RAW-264.7 and DU-145 cell lines, respectively. Network analysis revealed O. fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. metabolites could affect thirteen molecular functions and thirteen biological processes in four cellular components. These metabolites inhibited key proteins of DU-145 prostate cancer using molecular docking with rutin owning the highest binding affinity with PIKR31 and AR. Hence, this study offered a new rationale for O. fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. metabolites as a medicinal herb for anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan; (S.K.-H.H.); (M.-J.L.)
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 711, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Paolo Robert P. Bueno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Metro Manila 1000, Philippines;
- School of Medicine, The Manila Times College of Subic, Zambales 2222, Philippines
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Adamson University, Metro Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Patrick Jay B. Garcia
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Metro Manila 1002, Philippines; (P.J.B.G.); (K.A.D.C.-C.); (R.B.L.)
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Metro Manila 1002, Philippines
| | - Mon-Juan Lee
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan; (S.K.-H.H.); (M.-J.L.)
| | - Kathlia A. De Castro-Cruz
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Metro Manila 1002, Philippines; (P.J.B.G.); (K.A.D.C.-C.); (R.B.L.)
| | - Rhoda B. Leron
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Metro Manila 1002, Philippines; (P.J.B.G.); (K.A.D.C.-C.); (R.B.L.)
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan; (S.K.-H.H.); (M.-J.L.)
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Lekmine S, Benslama O, Kadi K, Martín-García AI, Yilmaz MA, Akkal S, Boumegoura A, Alhomida AS, Ola MS, Ali A. LC/MS-MS Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Hyoscyamus albus L. Extract: In Vitro Antidiabetic Activity, In Silico Molecular Docking, and In Vivo Investigation against STZ-Induced Diabetic Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1015. [PMID: 37513927 PMCID: PMC10384095 DOI: 10.3390/ph16071015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition and antidiabetic properties of cultivated Hyoscyamus albus L. The ethanol extract was analyzed using LC-MS/MS, and 18 distinct phenolic compounds were identified. Among these, p-coumaric acid (6656.8 ± 3.4 µg/g), gallic acid (6516 ± 1.7 µg/g), luteolin (6251.9 ± 1.3 µg/g), apigenin (6209.9 ± 1.1 µg/g), and rutin (5213.9 ± 1.3 µg/g) were identified as the most abundant polyphenolic molecules. In the in vitro antidiabetic experiment, the ability of the plant extract to inhibit α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities was examined. The results indicated that the extract from H. albus L. exhibited a higher inhibitory effect on α-amylase compared to α-glucosidase, with an IC50 of 146.63 ± 1.1 µg/mL and 270.43 ± 1.1 µg/mL, respectively. Docking simulations revealed that luteolin, fisetin, and rutin exhibited the most promising inhibitory activity against both enzymes, as indicated by their high contrasting inhibition scores. To further investigate the in vivo antidiabetic effects of H. albus L., an experiment was conducted using STZ-induced diabetic mice. The results demonstrated that the plant extract effectively reduced the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. These findings suggest that H. albus L. may have therapeutic potential for managing hyperlipidemia, a common complication associated with diabetes. This highlights its potential as a natural remedy for diabetes and related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Lekmine
- Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health Laboratory, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela 40000, Algeria
| | - Ouided Benslama
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Biomolecules, and Biotechnological Applications, Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Larbi Ben M'Hidi University, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
| | - Kenza Kadi
- Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health Laboratory, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela 40000, Algeria
| | | | - Mustafa Abdullah Yilmaz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakir, Türkiye
| | - Salah Akkal
- Valorization of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules and Biological Analysis Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Ali Boumegoura
- Biotechnology Research Center (C.R.Bt), Ali Mendjeli, Nouvelle Ville, UV 03 BP, Constantine P.O. Box E73, Algeria
| | - Abdullah S Alhomida
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shamsul Ola
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Mumbai 400098, India
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Hassani S, Maghsoudi H, Fattahi F, Malekinejad F, Hajmalek N, Sheikhnia F, Kheradmand F, Fahimirad S, Ghorbanpour M. Flavonoids nanostructures promising therapeutic efficiencies in colorectal cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 241:124508. [PMID: 37085076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is among the frequently diagnosed cancers with high mortality rates around the world. Polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites which exhibit anti-cancer activities along with anti-inflammatory effects. However, due to their hydrophobicity, sensitivity to degradation and low bioavailability, therapeutic effects have shown poor therapeutic effect. Nano delivery systems such as nanoliposomes, nanomicelles, silica nanoparticles have been investigated to overcome these difficulties. This review provides a summary of the efficiency of certain flavonoids and polyphenols (apigenin, genistein, resveratrol, quercetin, silymarin, catechins, luteolin, fisetin, gallic acid, rutin, and curcumin) on colorectal cancer models. It comprehensively discusses the influence of nano-formulation of flavonoids on their biological functions, including cellular uptake rate, bioavailability, solubility, and cytotoxicity, as well as their potential for reducing colorectal cancer tumor size under in vivo situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Hassani
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hossein Maghsoudi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Fattahi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Faezeh Malekinejad
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nooshin Hajmalek
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farhad Sheikhnia
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Kheradmand
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shohreh Fahimirad
- Molecular and Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran.
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10
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Matsumura Y, Kitabatake M, Kayano SI, Ito T. Dietary Phenolic Compounds: Their Health Benefits and Association with the Gut Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040880. [PMID: 37107256 PMCID: PMC10135282 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress causes various diseases, such as type II diabetes and dyslipidemia, while antioxidants in foods may prevent a number of diseases and delay aging by exerting their effects in vivo. Phenolic compounds are phytochemicals such as flavonoids which consist of flavonols, flavones, flavanonols, flavanones, anthocyanidins, isoflavones, lignans, stilbenoids, curcuminoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. They have phenolic hydroxyl groups in their molecular structures. These compounds are present in most plants, are abundant in nature, and contribute to the bitterness and color of various foods. Dietary phenolic compounds, such as quercetin in onions and sesamin in sesame, exhibit antioxidant activity and help prevent cell aging and diseases. In addition, other kinds of compounds, such as tannins, have larger molecular weights, and many unexplained aspects still exist. The antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds may be beneficial for human health. On the other hand, metabolism by intestinal bacteria changes the structures of these compounds with antioxidant properties, and the resulting metabolites exert their effects in vivo. In recent years, it has become possible to analyze the composition of the intestinal microbiota. The augmentation of the intestinal microbiota by the intake of phenolic compounds has been implicated in disease prevention and symptom recovery. Furthermore, the “brain–gut axis”, which is a communication system between the gut microbiome and brain, is attracting increasing attention, and research has revealed that the gut microbiota and dietary phenolic compounds affect brain homeostasis. In this review, we discuss the usefulness of dietary phenolic compounds with antioxidant activities against some diseases, their biotransformation by the gut microbiota, the augmentation of the intestinal microflora, and their effects on the brain–gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Matsumura
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kitabatake
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Kayano
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Nara 635-0832, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ito
- Department of Immunology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
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11
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Takemoto K, Hao L, Narukawa T, Iji M, Koyama T, Watanabe H. Inhibition of Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation by Treatment with Itadori Leaf Extract. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:199-209. [PMID: 36631102 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess22245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment with itadori extract inhibited the growth of mouse colon cancer cells (Colon-26) in mice. In addition, it induced DNA fragmentation and caspase 3/7 activation in Colon-26 cells, suggesting potent induction of apoptosis. Itadori extracts are rich in neochlorogenic acid and rutin and also contain quercetin and piceatannol. These polyphenols are thought to be involved in the observed DNA fragmentation and caspase 3/7 activation in colon cancer cells and may thus have anticancer effects. There is hence scope for development of the leaf of itadori, which currently has only a few known uses, as a novel anti-tumor therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luo Hao
- University of Kochi, Faculty of Nutrition
| | | | - Masaki Iji
- University of Kochi, Faculty of Nutrition
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12
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Talib WH, Abuawad A, Thiab S, Alshweiat A, Mahmod AI. Flavonoid-based nanomedicines to target tumor microenvironment. OPENNANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onano.2022.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Omar S, El Borolossy RM, Elsaid T, Sabri NA. Evaluation of the combination effect of rutin and vitamin C supplementation on the oxidative stress and inflammation in hemodialysis patients. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:961590. [PMID: 36160426 PMCID: PMC9493033 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.961590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are at risk of malnutrition, cardiovascular complications, and all-cause mortality due to oxidative stress and inflammation. Some studies have demonstrated that rutin attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation in CKD rats, but its effects in HD patients are unknown to date.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rutin and vitamin C versus vitamin C alone on oxidative stress and inflammation in HD patients.Methods: A prospective randomized, open-label, controlled trial enrolled on hundred and five HD patients divided into three groups as follows: patients in group 1 were given a rutin/vitamin C combination (Ruta C group as the combination trade name is known as Ruta C 60 tablets), patients in group 2 were given vitamin C (1 g) (vitamin C group), and group 3 was the control group; the study period was 16 weeks. The following were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study: serum malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), lipid profile levels, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.Results: It was found that vitamin C significantly increased serum GPx in group 2 (p = 0.001) compared to a non-significant result in both group 1 and 3; in addition, serum MDA and TNF-α values had decreased significantly in the three groups compared to their baselines; however, a non-significant difference was seen among the studied groups at the end of the study. On the other hand, MDA levels were reduced by 50% in interventional groups compared to 28% in the control group, while the Ruta C group showed an 80% reduction in the level of TNF α compared to the 78% reduction observed in the vitamin C group, and finally, the interventional drugs showed a significant improvement in the lipid profile.Conclusion: Vitamin C supplementation alone for 16 weeks had a potential effect on the antioxidant’s GPx activity. Moreover, it was reported that both vitamin C alone or the rutin/vitamin C combination (Ruta C) showed a protective role against lipid peroxidation, evidenced by the reduced levels of MDA. Finally, rutin had a favorable synergistic effect with vitamin C in reducing TG and TNF-α levels and increasing HDL-C level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Omar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Samia Omar,
| | | | - Tamer Elsaid
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa A. Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Youssef SSM, Ibrahim NK, El-Sonbaty SM, El-Din Ezz MK. Rutin Suppresses DMBA Carcinogenesis in the Breast Through Modulating IL-6/NF-κB, SRC1/HSP90 and ER-α. Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221118213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rutin dietary supplements may offer pharmacological benefits as anticancer and antiinflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory and protective effect of rutin on signaling pathways of mammary gland carcinogenesis expermintally induced in female rats by 7,12-di-methyl benz (a) anthracene (DMBA). Results showed that rutin administration ameliorated DMBA toxicity and carcinogic effect on kidney and liver revealed by a significant decrease of urea and creatinine levels, and the activity of the liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The antioxidant state indicated by the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was significantly increased accompanied by a reduction in the inflammatory markers of interleukin-1β (IL-1B), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) with induction of apoptosis indicated by a significant increase in caspase-3 level. Rutin significantly reduced the levels of the tumor markers carcinoma antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) and proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src1 (Src1). along with downregulation of nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB), heat shock protein 90 (HSP 90), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression. The present study demonstrated the beneficial anticancer activity of rutin as a protective and therapeutic agent. Rutin induces its antitumor activity through elevation of the antioxidant state, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, downregulation of oncogenes expression, and stimulation of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nashwa K Ibrahim
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
| | - Sawsan M El-Sonbaty
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
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15
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Brito LD, Araujo CDS, Cavalcante DGSM, Gomes AS, Zocoler MA, Yoshihara E, Job AE, Kerche LE. In vivo assessment of antioxidant, antigenotoxic, and antimutagenic effects of bark ethanolic extract from Spondias purpurea L. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:336-352. [PMID: 34903147 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2021.2013373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have always been used for therapeutic purposes; however, some plants may contain toxic and mutagenic substances. The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic, antioxidant, antigenotoxic, and antimutagenic effects of the bark ethanolic extract of Spondias purpurea L. using male and female Swiss albino mice. To determine the protective effects of the extract, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and cyclophosphamide (CP) were selected as cell damage inducers. The extract was examined at doses of 500, 1000, or 1500 mg/kg body weight (BW)via gavage alone or concomitant with B[a]P or CP. Oxidative stress was measured by quantification of blood catalase activity (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in total blood, liver, and kidney, and concentrations of malondiadehyde (MDA) in liver and kidney. Genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity were evaluated by the comet assay using peripheral blood. Cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and antimutagenicity were determined utilizing the micronucleus test in bone marrow and peripheral blood. The S. purpurea L extract increased CAT activity and GSH levels accompanied by a decrease in MDA levels after treatment with B[a]P and CP. No genotoxic, cytotoxic, or mutagenic effects were found in mice exposed only to the extract. These results indicate that the extract of S. purpurea exhibited protective effects against oxidative and DNA damage induced by B[a]P and CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorrane Davi Brito
- Faculdade de Artes, Ciências, Letras E Educação, Universidade Do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Caroline de Souza Araujo
- Faculdade de Artes, Ciências, Letras E Educação, Universidade Do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Silva Gomes
- Departamento de Física, Química E Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | | | - Eidi Yoshihara
- Department of Animal Health, Agência Paulista de Tecnologia Dos Agronegócios (Apta), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Aldo Eloizo Job
- Departamento de Física, Química E Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Leandra Ernst Kerche
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Do Oeste Paulista, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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16
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Kaur R, Sood A, Lang DK, Bhatia S, Al-Harrasi A, Aleya L, Behl T. Potential of flavonoids as anti-Alzheimer's agents: bench to bedside. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:26063-26077. [PMID: 35067880 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are challenging because of the presence of blood-brain barrier and Alzheimer being one of the commonest and uprising neurodegenerative disorders possess the need for developing novel therapies. Alzheimer's is attributed to be the sixth leading cause of death in the USA and the number of cases is estimated to be increased from 58 million in 2021 to 88 million by 2050. Natural drugs have benefits of being cost-effective, widely available, fewer side effects, and immuno-booster can be useful in managing Alzheimer. Flavonoids can slow the neuronal degeneration as they have shown activity in central nervous system and are able to cross the blood-brain barrier. These can be easily extracted from fruits, vegetable, and plants. In Alzheimer disease, flavonoids scavenges the reactive oxygen species and reduces the production of amyloid beta protein. Agents from sub-classes of flavonoids such as flavanones, flavanols, flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins, and isoflavones having pharmacological action in treating Alzheimer disease are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajwinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University Punjab, Rajpura, India
| | - Ankita Sood
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University Punjab, Rajpura, India
| | | | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University Punjab, Rajpura, India.
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17
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Nunes VV, Silva-Mann R, Souza JL, Calazans CC. Pharmaceutical, food potential, and molecular data of Hancornia speciosa Gomes: a systematic review. GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION 2022; 69:525-543. [PMID: 35068695 PMCID: PMC8764503 DOI: 10.1007/s10722-021-01319-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hancornia speciosa Gomes is a fruit and medicinal tree species native to South America, which in Brazil is considered of potential economic value and priority for research and development. We present a map of the state-of-art, including articles, patents, and molecular data of the species to identify perspectives for future research. The annual scientific production, intellectual, social, and conceptual structure were evaluated, along with the number of patent deposits, components of the plant used, countries of deposit, international classification and assignees, and the accessibility of available molecular data. Brazil has the most significant publications (306) between 1992 and 2020. Technological products (29) have been developed from different tissues of the plant. Most of the articles and patents were developed by researchers from public universities from different regions of Brazil. The molecular data are sequences of nucleotides (164) and proteins (236) of the chloroplast genome and are described to identify the species as DNA barcodes and proteins involved in photosynthesis. The compilation and report of scientific, technological, and molecular information in the present review allowed the identification of new perspectives of research to be developed based on the gaps in knowledge regarding the species and perspectives for the definition of future research. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10722-021-01319-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdinete Vieira Nunes
- Post-Graduation Program in Agriculture and Biodiversity, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil
| | - Renata Silva-Mann
- Department of Agronomic Engineering, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil
| | - Juliana Lopes Souza
- Post-Graduation Program in Agriculture and Biodiversity, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil
| | - Crislaine Costa Calazans
- Post-Graduation Program in Agriculture and Biodiversity, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe Brazil
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18
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Fidelis KR, Dos Santos Nunes RG, da Silva CS, Oliveira CVB, Costa AR, de Lima Silva JR, Dos Santos LB, de Oliveira EES, Pereira PS, de Menezes IRA, Kamdem JP, Duarte AE, Pinho AI, Barros LM. Evaluation of the neuroprotective effect of rutin on Drosophila melanogaster about behavioral and biochemical aspects induced by mercury chloride (HgCl 2). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 249:109119. [PMID: 34182094 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mercury chloride (HgCl2) acts as a bioaccumulator capable of causing numerous neurological and physiological changes in organisms in a negative way. However, rutin has been considered a very effective antioxidant compound in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, as it can neutralize radicals capable of damaging neuronal cells. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate rutin as a neoprotective agent against the damage induced by HgCl2 in Drosophila melanogaster. The exposure of the flies to the agents was carried out in triplicate, and about 150 adult flies were evaluated. To assess the antioxidant action of rutin, MTT, phenanthroline, nitric oxide, total thiols and NPSH tests were carried out in the following concentrations: Control (1500 μL of distilled water), 1 mg/g of HgCl2, 0.5 mg/g of Rutin + HgCl2, 1 mg/g of Rutin + HgCl2, 2 mg/g of Rutin + HgCl2. The locomotion test was verified by negative geotaxis, the result of which showed that flies exposed to HgCl2 had difficulties in flight. The group treated with HgCl2 alone had a high mortality rate, while in combination with different concentrations of rutin, it heard a moderate reduction in the number of deaths, as well as in the negative geotaxis data in which the rutin had a positive effect. An increase in iron (II) levels was observed at the highest concentrations of rutin, while at low concentrations, rutin significantly decreased nitric oxide levels. The HgCl2 + R group (2 mg/g) showed a significant increase in the total thiols content, while for the NPSH all rutin concentrations showed a significant increase in the levels of non-protein thiols. Our results demonstrate that mercury chloride can cause oxidative stress in D. melanogaster. However, the results suggest that rutin has antioxidant and protective effects against the damage caused by HgCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kleber Ribeiro Fidelis
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Gomes Dos Santos Nunes
- Plant Ecophysiolgy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Physiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adrielle Rodrigues Costa
- Plant Ecophysiolgy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil; Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Pedro Silvino Pereira
- Plant Ecophysiolgy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil; Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Plant Ecophysiolgy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil; Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Antônia Eliene Duarte
- Plant Ecophysiolgy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Regional Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Marivando Barros
- Plant Ecophysiolgy Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri (URCA), Crato, CE, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Regional Cariri, Crato, CE, Brazil.
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19
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Pandey P, Khan F, Qari HA, Oves M. Rutin (Bioflavonoid) as Cell Signaling Pathway Modulator: Prospects in Treatment and Chemoprevention. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1069. [PMID: 34832851 PMCID: PMC8621917 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex ailment orchestrated by numerous intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Recent research has displayed a deep interest in developing plant-based cancer therapeutics for better management of the disease and limited side effects. A wide range of plant-derived compounds have been reported for their anticancer potential in the quest of finding an effective therapeutic approach. Rutin (vitamin P) is a low-molecular weight flavonoid glycoside (polyphenolic compound), abundantly present in various vegetables, fruits (especially berries and citrus fruits), and medicinal herbs. Numerous studies have delineated several pharmacological properties of rutin such as its antiprotozoal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, antiallergic, vasoactive, cytoprotective, antispasmodic, hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, and antiplatelet properties. Specifically, rutin-mediated anticancerous activities have been reported in several cancerous cell lines, but the most common scientific evidence, encompassing several molecular processes and interactions, including apoptosis pathway regulation, aberrant cell signaling pathways, and oncogenic genes, has not been thoroughly studied. In this direction, we attempted to project rutin-mediated oncogenic pathway regulation in various carcinomas. Additionally, we also incorporated advanced research that has uncovered the notable potential of rutin in the modulation of several key cellular functions via interaction with mRNAs, with major emphasis on elucidating direct miRNA targets of rutin as well as the process needed to transform these approaches for developing novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida 201306, India;
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, 19, Knowledge Park-II, Institutional Area, Greater Noida 201306, India;
| | - Huda A. Qari
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Oves
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Rutin: A Flavonoid as an Effective Sensitizer for Anticancer Therapy; Insights into Multifaceted Mechanisms and Applicability for Combination Therapy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9913179. [PMID: 34484407 PMCID: PMC8416379 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9913179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rutin is a unique antioxidant flavonoid that is mainly found in fruit, vegetables, cereals, and many other plant-based human diets. This review aims to highlight the in vitro anticancer properties of rutin including combination therapeutic strategies. Literature resources were gathered through PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases that cover the period of 1995–2021. Rutin is demonstrated to inhibit the proliferation of breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancers and other tumors. Furthermore, rutin alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents has been shown to regulate several signalling pathways involving the Ras/Raf and PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and TGF-β2/Smad2/3Akt/PTEN, etc., which are related to the processes of carcinogenesis and induction of apoptosis. The combination of rutin with other chemotherapy drugs may benefit on prevention of tumor cells by decreasing drug resistance and chemotherapy side effects. Moreover, rutin induces apoptosis synergistically with the therapeutic agent. More in vivo and clinical data are however needed to evaluate the true potential of rutin as an anticancer agent as an adjuvant. The present review highlights the effects of rutin which can be a promising candidate in combination with other antitumor drugs or alone for cancer treatment in vitro. Also, rutin can lead to decrease in drug resistance and chemotherapeutic side effects.
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Hong W, Liu CC, Zhang H, Chen Z, Xiao M, Xu L. Cancer Cell Preferential Penetration and pH-Responsive Drug Delivery of Oligorutin. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3679-3691. [PMID: 34383480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a novel delivery system, derived from the facile enzymatic synthesis of oligorutin (OR), for cancer cell targeting and pH-responsive drug delivery. In this study, we demonstrate that OR could preferentially penetrate cancer cells via the lipid raft-mediated endocytosis pathway, and cell membrane cholesterol was critical to the internalization of OR. The accumulation of OR in the tumor region was further confirmed by an in vivo biodistribution study. Considering the tumor-targeting property of OR, a pH-responsive drug delivery system (OR-BTZ) was developed by covalent conjugation of the catechol groups on OR with antitumor drug bortezomib (BTZ) through a pH-sensitive borate ester bond. OR-BTZ exerted cytotoxicity as well as inhibition of the migration and invasion to hepatoma carcinoma cells and showed no apparent cytotoxicity with liver normal cells. The OR-BTZs also presented significant therapeutic efficacy and low systematic toxicity in the murine hepatocellular carcinoma model. To our knowledge, this study presents the first attempt to exploit the potential of oligoflavonoids for cancer cell-targeted drug delivery and will motivate the development of flavonoids and their derivatives as a new type of biomaterials for tumor-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Hong
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chang-Cheng Liu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Henan Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinan University, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Min Xiao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Li Xu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Carbohydrate-Based Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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Sharma P, Shri R, Ntie-Kang F, Kumar S. Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Perspectives of Ehretia laevis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123489. [PMID: 34201193 PMCID: PMC8228998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ehretia laevis Roxb. (Boraginaceae) has been extensively used as a traditional remedy for the treatment of a diverse range of ailments related to the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal tract, the reproductive system, and against several infections. This review critically assesses and documents, for the first time, the fragmented information on E. laevis, including its botanical description, folklore uses, bioactive phyto metabolites and pharmacological activities. The goal is to explore this plant therapeutically. Ethnomedicinal surveys reveal that E. laevis has been used by tribal communities in Asian countries for the treatment of various disorders. Quantitative and qualitative phytochemical investigations of E. laevis showed the presence of important phytoconstituents such as pentacyclic triterpenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty acids, steroids, alkaloids, aliphatic alcohols, hydrocarbons, amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Fresh plant parts, crude extracts, fractions and isolated compounds have been reported to exhibit broad spectrum of therapeutic activities viz., antioxidant, antiarthritic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antidiarrheal, antidysenteric, wound healing and anti-infective activities. E. laevis is shown to be an excellent potential source of drugs for the mitigation of jaundice, asthma, dysentery, ulcers, diarrhea, ringworm, eczema, diabetes, fissure, syphilis, cuts and wounds, inflammation, liver problems, venereal and infectious disorders. Although few investigations authenticated its traditional uses but employed uncharacterized crude extracts of the plant, the major concerns raised are reproducibility of therapeutic efficacy and safety of plant material. The outcomes of limited pharmacological screening and reported bioactive compounds of E. laevis suggest that there is an urgent need for in-depth pharmacological investigations of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India or (P.S.); (R.S.)
- Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Manawala, Amritsar 143001, India
| | - Richa Shri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India or (P.S.); (R.S.)
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon
- Institute for Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Correspondence: (F.N.-K.); (S.K.)
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India or (P.S.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (F.N.-K.); (S.K.)
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23
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Fayyaz S, Attar R, Xu B, Sabitaliyevich UY, Adylova A, Fares M, Qureshi MZ, Yaylim I, Alaaeddine N. Realizing the Potential of Blueberry as Natural Inhibitor of Metastasis and Powerful Apoptosis Inducer: Tapping the Treasure Trove for Effective Regulation of Cell Signaling Pathways. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1780-1786. [PMID: 32160854 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200311103206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Blueberries belong to the genus Vaccinium of the family Ericaceae. Rapidly accumulating experimentally verified data is uncovering the tremendous pharmacological properties of biologically active constituents of blueberries against different diseases. Our rapidly evolving knowledge about the multifaceted nature of cancer has opened new horizons to search for different strategies to target multiple effectors of oncogenic networks to effectively inhibit cancer onset and progression. Excitingly, whole blueberry powder and various bioactive constituents (pterostilbene, malvidin-3-galactoside) of blueberries have been shown to efficiently inhibit metastasis in animal models. These results are encouraging and future studies must focus on the identification of cell signaling pathways effectively modulated by blueberries in different cancers. It seems exciting to note that researchers are focusing on metastasis inhibitory effects of blueberry; however, to reap full benefits, it is necessary to take a step back and critically re-interpret the mechanisms used by active components of blueberry to inhibit or prevent metastasis. JAK/STAT, TGF/SMAD, Notch, SHH/GLI, and Wnt/ β-Catenin have been shown to be directly involved in the regulation of metastasis. However, because of limited studies, it is difficult to critically assess the true potential of blueberry. Loss of apoptosis, metastasis and deregulation of signaling pathways are branching trajectories of molecular oncology. Accordingly, we have to emphasize on these essential facets to realistically claim blueberry as "Superfood". Different clinical trials have been conducted to gather clinical evidence about the chemopreventive role of blueberry or its bioactive components in cancer patients. But it seems clear that because of the lack of sufficient proof-of-concept studies, we cannot extract significant information about the transition of blueberry into the next phases of clinical trials. Overview of the existing scientific evidence revealed visible knowledge gaps and a better understanding of the targets of blueberry will be helpful in efficient and meaningful translation of laboratory findings to clinically effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundas Fayyaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Rashid Latif Medical College (RLMC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rukset Attar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Uteuliyev Y Sabitaliyevich
- Department of Postgraduate Education and Research, Kazakhstan Medical University KSPH, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Aima Adylova
- Department of Postgraduate Education and Research, Kazakhstan Medical University KSPH, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - Muhammad Z Qureshi
- Department of Plant Production and Protection, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ilhan Yaylim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nada Alaaeddine
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Tlili H, Macovei A, Buonocore D, Lanzafame M, Najjaa H, Lombardi A, Pagano A, Dossena M, Verri M, Arfa AB, Neffati M, Doria E. The polyphenol/saponin-rich Rhus tripartita extract has an apoptotic effect on THP-1 cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:153. [PMID: 34044827 PMCID: PMC8161611 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperactivation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of cellular growth, proliferation, and more in general, is a common phenomenon in most types of cancers. Thus, natural substances targeting this pathway can be of great therapeutic potential in supporting the treatment of tumor patients. Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande is a plant growing in desertic areas which is traditionally used for the treatment of several diseases in Tunisia. In the present work, the biochemical profile of the main compounds present in the plant leaf extract was determined and the anti-leukemic potential of the plant extracts against acute monocytic leukaemia (AML) THP-1 cells was investigated. Methods After HPLC identification of some phenolic compounds present in the plant extract and the quantification of saponin content, the cytotoxic effect of Rhus tripartita extracts on THP-1 cell culture was evaluated using the colorimetric MTT assay for cell viability. THP-1 cells were incubated with medium containing the relative IC50 concentrations of total plant extract, saponin extract and some standard compounds (rutin (R); kaempferol (K); mixture of catechin, epicatechin, and epicatechin-gallate (CEEG); ellagic acid (EA). Finally, qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis were used to evaluate the effect of some flavonoids present in a crude extract of polyphenols and the total extract of saponins on cell survival and apoptosis. Results Analysis of expression level of some gene (PIK3CA, PTEN, AKT1, mTOR, EIF4E, RPS6KB1, and TSC1) involved in the mTOR pathway and the phosphorylation of S6 and AKT proteins allowed to observe that a total Rhus tripartita extract and some of the compounds found in the extract controls THP-1 cell proliferation and apoptosis via regulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Rhus tripartita-induced inhibition of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis may involve the mTOR pathway. Therefore, Rhus tripartita extract may be a useful candidate as a natural anti-cancer drug to support the treatment of AML. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03328-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Tlili
- Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Microorganisms, Institute of Arid Regions (IRA), Tunis, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Anca Macovei
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Buonocore
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Hanen Najjaa
- Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Microorganisms, Institute of Arid Regions (IRA), Tunis, Medenine, Tunisia
| | | | - Andrea Pagano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizia Dossena
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Manuela Verri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Abdelkarim Ben Arfa
- Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Microorganisms, Institute of Arid Regions (IRA), Tunis, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Neffati
- Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants and Microorganisms, Institute of Arid Regions (IRA), Tunis, Medenine, Tunisia
| | - Enrico Doria
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Balogun TA, Buliaminu KD, Chukwudozie OS, Tiamiyu ZA, Idowu TJ. Anticancer Potential of Moringa oleifera on BRCA-1 Gene: Systems Biology. Bioinform Biol Insights 2021; 15:11779322211010703. [PMID: 35173424 PMCID: PMC8842389 DOI: 10.1177/11779322211010703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has consistently been a global challenge that is prevalent among women. There is a continuous increase in the high number of women mortality rates because of breast cancer and affecting nations at all modernization levels. Women with high-risk factors, including hereditary, obesity, and menopause, have the possibility of developing breast cancer growth. With the advent of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and surgery in breast cancer treatment, breast cancer survivors have increased. Also, the design and development of drugs targeting therapeutic enzymes effectively treat the tumour cells early. However, long-term use of anticancer drugs has been linked to severe side effects. This research aims to develop potential drug candidates from Moringa oleifera, which could serve as anticancer agents. In silico analysis using Schrödinger Molecular Drug Discovery Suite and SWISS ADME was employed to determine the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals from M oleifera against breast cancer via molecular docking, pharmacokinetic parameters, and drug-like properties. The result shows that rutin, vicenin-2, and quercetin-3-O-glucoside have the highest binding energy of −7.522, −6.808, and −6.635 kcal/mol, respectively, in the active site of BRCA-1. The essential amino acids involved in the protein-ligand interaction following active site analysis are ASN 1678, ASN 1774, GLY 1656, LEU 1657, GLN 1779, LYS 1702, SER 1655, PHE 1662, ARG 1699, GLU 1698, and VAL 1654. Thus, we propose that bioactive compounds from M oleifera may be potential novel drug candidates in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toheeb A Balogun
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Zainab A Tiamiyu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University Dutsin-ma, Dutsin-Ma, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo J Idowu
- Department of Plant Science, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
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26
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Park Y, Lee K, Kim SW, Lee MW, Kim B, Lee SG. Effects of Induced Exosomes from Endometrial Cancer Cells on Tumor Activity in the Presence of Aurea helianthus Extract. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082207. [PMID: 33921245 PMCID: PMC8068874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) cells metastasize to various regions, including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, blood, liver, bone, and brain. Various carcinogens are known to cause EC. Exosomes are released from several types of cells and contain various cellular components. In this study, flow cytometry and quantitative PCR were used to evaluate marker levels, cell migration, cell invasion, and mitochondrial membrane potential, and cellular senescence tests were used to estimate cancer activity. The microRNAs were profiled using next-generation sequencing. Although tocopherol-α and rutin content in Aurea helianthus is high, A. helianthus extract was more useful in modulating tumor activity compared to the two aforementioned substances. Notably, we established that the extract induced bioactive exosomes in EC cells, and profiling of miRNAs in the extract-inducing exosomes (EIE) indicated their potency to be developed as a biological drug. The extract and EIE contributed to the following five biological process categories for EC cells: (1) cell migration and invasion suppression, (2) cellular senescence activation by attenuating mitochondrial membrane potential and enhancing autophagy, (3) reproductive cancer activity attenuation, (4) drug susceptibility activation, and (5) EIE containing miRNAs associated with decreasing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjin Park
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.P.); (S.W.K.); (M.W.L.)
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Life Together, 13 Gongdan-ro, Chuncheon-si 24232, Gangwon, Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Lee
- Mitosbio, 13 Gongdan-ro, Chuncheon-si 24232, Gangwon, Korea;
| | - Suhng Wook Kim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.P.); (S.W.K.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Min Woo Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.P.); (S.W.K.); (M.W.L.)
| | - Boyong Kim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.P.); (S.W.K.); (M.W.L.)
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Life Together, 13 Gongdan-ro, Chuncheon-si 24232, Gangwon, Korea
- Mitosbio, 13 Gongdan-ro, Chuncheon-si 24232, Gangwon, Korea;
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (S.G.L.); Tel.: +82-10-9105-1435 (B.K. & S.G.L.)
| | - Seung Gwan Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea; (Y.P.); (S.W.K.); (M.W.L.)
- Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.K.); (S.G.L.); Tel.: +82-10-9105-1435 (B.K. & S.G.L.)
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Noman OM, Nasr FA, Alqahtani AS, Al-zharani M, Cordero MAW, Alotaibi AA, Bepari A, Alarifi S, Daoud A. Comparative study of antioxidant and anticancer activities and HPTLC quantification of rutin in white radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) leaves and root extracts grown in Saudi Arabia. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The nutrient contents of Raphanus sativus L. (white radish) leaves (RSLs) and roots are known to have promising vital effects. We comparatively investigated the leaves and roots of R. sativus grown in Saudi Arabia to estimate the total phenol and flavonoid contents using the standard colorimetric methods. The antioxidant activity of RSLs and R. sativus roots (RSRs) were measured by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. Both extracts’ cytotoxic activity was assessed by MTT assay against several human cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7). High-performance thin-layer chromatography was used to identify and quantify the biomarker compound rutin in both extracts. The total phenolic content in RSLs (125.3 mg of gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/g) was higher than that in roots (95.8 of GAE/g), whereas the flavonoid content (44.5 mg of quercetin equivalent [QE]/g) was almost double compared in RSR extract (24.4 of QE/g). Similarly, RSLs exhibited a higher antioxidative activity than RSRs in both DPPH (IC50 216.8 vs 359.7 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 326.7 vs 549 µg/mL) models. RSLs also demonstrated the highest antiproliferative efficiency against all cell lines, with IC50 values of 217–453 µg/mL. The reversed-phase-high-performance thin-layer chromatography results showed the presence of rutin (5.2 µg/mg) only in RSLs. Our study indicates RSLs as a promising source of bioactive compounds compared with roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M. Noman
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd A. Nasr
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S. Alqahtani
- Medicinal Aromatic and Poisonous Plants Research Centre, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-zharani
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) , Riyadh 11623 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mary Anne W. Cordero
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal A. Alotaibi
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmatanzeem Bepari
- Basic Science Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University , Riyadh 11671 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Daoud
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
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Li Z, Yang Y, Liu M, Zhang C, Shao J, Hou X, Tian J, Cui Q. A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, bioactivities, toxicity studies, and clinical studies on Ficus carica Linn. leaves. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111393. [PMID: 33761610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Ficus carica Linn. (FC) have been widely used for medicine purposes since ancient times, and its decoction is consumed as tea. Many scientific papers have been published in the literature and the researchers across the world are still exploring the health benefits of FC leaves. In this review, we have collected the literature published since 2010 in the databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar and local classic herbal literature. The summary of the chemical constituents in FC leaves, biological activities, toxicity studies, and clinical studies carried out on FC leaves is provided in this review. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of the active constituents in FC leaves are also comprehended. FC leaves are reported to 126 constituents out of which the polyphenolic compounds are predominant. Many scientific studies have proven the antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective activities. Many studies have carried out to provide the insights on molecular pathways involved in the biological activities of FC leaves. The toxicity studies have suggested that FC leaves exhibit toxicity only at very high doses. We believe this review serve as a comprehensive resource for those who are interested to understand the scientific evidence that support the medicinal values of FC leaves and also the research gaps to further improve the commercial value and health benefits of FC leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Chenghua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Junjing Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xuewen Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jingzhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266041, China.
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266041, China.
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Enogieru AB, Haylett W, Hiss DC, Ekpo OE. Regulation of AKT/AMPK signaling, autophagy and mitigation of apoptosis in Rutin-pretreated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to MPP . Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:315-326. [PMID: 33146846 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggest that apoptosis, autophagy and dysregulation of signaling pathways are common mechanisms involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis, and thus development of therapeutic agents targeting these mechanisms may be useful for the treatment of this disease. Although rutin (a bioflavonoid) is reported to have pharmacological benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities, there are very few reports on the activity of this compound in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced PD models. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of rutin on apoptosis, autophagy and cell signaling markers (AKT/AMPK) in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to MPP+. Results show reduced changes in nuclear morphology and mitigation of caspase 3/7 and 9 activities in rutin pre-treated cells exposed to MPP+. Likewise, rutin regulated cell signaling pathways (AKT/AMPK) and significantly decreased protein expression levels of cleaved PARP, cytochrome c, LC3-II and p62. Also, rutin significantly increased protein expression levels of full-length caspase 3 in SH-SY5Y cells treated with MPP+. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images demonstrated a reduction in autophagosomes in rutin-pretreated SH-SY5Y cells exposed to MPP+. These results provide experimental support for rutin's neuroprotective activity against MPP+-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, which is as a promising therapeutic agent for clinical trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adaze Bijou Enogieru
- Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - William Haylett
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Donavon Charles Hiss
- Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa
| | - Okobi Eko Ekpo
- Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
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Evaluation of Chemical Composition, Radical Scavenging and Antitumor Activities of Satureja hortensis L. Herb Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010053. [PMID: 33466256 PMCID: PMC7824789 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Satureja hortensis L. is an annual herbaceous plant of the Lamiaceae Lindl. family. S. hortensis L., related to thyme and rosemary, is used as spice and traditional medicinal herb in Europe. Mainly due to the polyphenols contained in S. hortensis L., this plant exhibits multiple biological effects. However, therapeutic effects on cells, including skin tumors, have not yet been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the composition and the resulting antioxidant as well as biological properties [on melanocytes and melanoma cells] of summer, savory growing in botanical garden of Vytautas Magnus University in middle Lithuania climatic conditions, collected during various phases of vegetation. It has been shown that the budding phase alcohol extract of this plant contains the largest amounts of polyphenols, including rutin and rosemary acid, which promote the radical scavenging activity and antioxidant properties. In contrast, the extract from the massive flowering phase already at a concentration of 12.5 µg/mL reduces the survival of melanoma cells to 60% with 90% melanocytes survival. In addition, extracts from beginning of flowering and end of flowering at a concentration of 25 µg/mL, containing significantly less rutin and rosmarinic acid, in combination with irradiation of cells with UVB, significantly increased the lipid peroxidation process, particularly in melanoma cells. These data indicate the possibility of using extracts from S. hortensis L. to modulate/differentiate the metabolism of normal and tumor skin cells.
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Farha AK, Gan RY, Li HB, Wu DT, Atanasov AG, Gul K, Zhang JR, Yang QQ, Corke H. The anticancer potential of the dietary polyphenol rutin: Current status, challenges, and perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:832-859. [PMID: 33054344 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1829541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rutin is one of the most common dietary polyphenols found in vegetables, fruits, and other plants. It is metabolized by the mammalian gut microbiota and absorbed from the intestines, and becomes bioavailable in the form of conjugated metabolites. Rutin exhibits a plethora of bioactive properties, making it an extremely promising phytochemical. Numerous studies demonstrate that rutin can act as a chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agent, and its anticancer effects can be mediated through the suppression of cell proliferation, the induction of apoptosis or autophagy, and the hindering of angiogenesis and metastasis. Rutin has been found to modulate multiple molecular targets involved in carcinogenesis, such as cell cycle mediators, cellular kinases, inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, drug transporters, and reactive oxygen species. This review summarizes the natural sources of rutin, its bioavailability, and in particular its potential use as an anticancer agent, with highlighting its anticancer mechanisms as well as molecular targets. Additionally, this review updates the anticancer potential of its analogs, nanoformulations, and metabolites, and discusses relevant safety issues. Overall, rutin is a promising natural dietary compound with promising anticancer potential and can be widely used in functional foods, dietary supplements, and pharmaceuticals for the prevention and management of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arakkaveettil Kabeer Farha
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Nutrition Translation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Khalid Gul
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Rong Zhang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Yang
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Biotechnology and Food Engineering Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, China
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Nouri Z, Fakhri S, Nouri K, Wallace CE, Farzaei MH, Bishayee A. Targeting Multiple Signaling Pathways in Cancer: The Rutin Therapeutic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2276. [PMID: 32823876 PMCID: PMC7463935 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple dysregulated signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer. The conventional therapies used in cancer prevention/treatment suffer from low efficacy, considerable toxicity, and high cost. Hence, the discovery and development of novel multi-targeted agents to attenuate the dysregulated signaling in cancer is of great importance. In recent decades, phytochemicals from dietary and medicinal plants have been successfully introduced as alternative anticancer agents due to their ability to modulate numerous oncogenic and oncosuppressive signaling pathways. Rutin (also known as rutoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin) is an active plant-derived flavonoid that is widely distributed in various vegetables, fruits, and medicinal plants, including asparagus, buckwheat, apricots, apples, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, plums, oranges, and tea. Rutin has been shown to target various inflammatory, apoptotic, autophagic, and angiogenic signaling mediators, including nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins, light chain 3/Beclin, B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein, caspases, and vascular endothelial growth factor. A comprehensive and critical analysis of the anticancer potential of rutin and associated molecular targets amongst various cancer types has not been performed previously. Accordingly, the purpose of this review is to present an up-to-date and critical evaluation of multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms through which the anticancer effects of rutin are known to be exerted. The current challenges and limitations as well as future directions of research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nouri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran;
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;
| | - Keyvan Nouri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran;
| | - Carly E. Wallace
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
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Implications for glycosylated compounds and their anti-cancer effects. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:1323-1332. [PMID: 32622770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylated compounds are major secondary metabolites of plants, which have various therapeutic effects on human diseases, by acting as anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agents. Glycosylation increases stability, bioactivity, and solubility of compounds and improves their pharmacological properties. Two well-known examples of glycosylated compounds include cardiac and flavonoid, the anti-tumor activities of which have been emphasized by several studies. However, little is known about their role in the treatment or prevention of cancer. In this review, recent studies on anti-tumor properties of cardiac and flavonoid glycosides, and their mechanisms of action, have been investigated. More specifically, this review is aimed at focusing on the multifactorial properties of cardiac and flavonoid compounds as well as their correlation with signaling pathways in the treatment of cancer.
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The biological activities of the spiderworts (Tradescantia). Food Chem 2020; 317:126411. [PMID: 32087517 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Widely used throughout the world as traditional medicine for treating a variety of diseases ranging from cancer to microbial infections, members of the Tradescantia genus show promise as sources of desirable bioactive compounds. The bioactivity of several noteworthy species has been well-documented in scientific literature, but with nearly seventy-five species, there remains much to explore in this genus. This review aims to discuss all the bioactivity-related studies of Tradescantia plants and the compounds discovered, including their anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities. Gaps in knowledge will also be identified for future research opportunities.
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Mateos-Maces L, Chávez-Servia JL, Vera-Guzmán AM, Aquino-Bolaños EN, Alba-Jiménez JE, Villagómez-González BB. Edible Leafy Plants from Mexico as Sources of Antioxidant Compounds, and Their Nutritional, Nutraceutical and Antimicrobial Potential: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E541. [PMID: 32575671 PMCID: PMC7346153 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of indigenous Mexican plants with edible stems and leaves and their nutritional and nutraceutical potential was conducted, complemented by the authors' experiences. In Mexico, more than 250 species with edible stems, leaves, vines and flowers, known as "quelites," are collected or are cultivated and consumed. The assessment of the quelite composition depends on the chemical characteristics of the compounds being evaluated; the protein quality is a direct function of the amino acid content, which is evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the contribution of minerals is evaluated by atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or ICP mass spectrometry. The total contents of phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, saponins and other general compounds have been analyzed using UV-vis spectrophotometry and by HPLC. For the determination of specific compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, organic acids and other profiles, it is recommended to use HPLC-DAD, UHPLC-DAD, UFLC-PDA or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The current biochemical analysis and biological evaluations were performed to understand the mechanisms of action that lead to decreased glucose levels and lipid peroxidation, increased hypoglycemic and antitumor activity, immune system improvement, increased antibacterial and antifungal activity and, in some cases, anti-Helicobacter pylori activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Mateos-Maces
- Recursos Genéticos y Productividad-Genética, Colegio de Posgraduados, Carr. México-Texcoco Km. 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Mexico;
| | - José Luis Chávez-Servia
- CIIDIR-Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico; (A.M.V.-G.); (B.B.V.-G.)
| | | | - Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa-Enríquez 1090, Mexico;
| | - Jimena E. Alba-Jiménez
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa-Enríquez 1090, Mexico;
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Sengupta P, Mondal P, Mukherjee S, Chanda S, Bose A. Rutin- serum albumin interaction in different media and its effective dose selection in radiation-induced cytotoxicity on human blood cells. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2019.100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bonta RK. Dietary Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids as Potential Anti-Cancer Agents: Current State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:29-48. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191019112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a rapidly growing disease and the second most leading cause of death
worldwide. Breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancer are the most diagnosed types of cancer among the majority
of the population. The prevalence of these cancers is increasing rapidly due to the lack of effective drugs. The
search for anti-cancer bioactive components from natural plant sources is gaining immense significance. The
aim of the paper is to introduce the readers about the in vitro and in vivo biochemical mechanisms of phenolic
acids and flavonoids in these four types of cancers.
Methods:
A literature search was carried out in databases, including Scopus, SciFinder, Springer, Science direct
and Google. The main keywords used were fruits & vegetables, phenolic acids, flavonoids, anticancer, bioavailability,
etc. The data obtained were integrated and analyzed.
Results:
The study revealed the potential molecular mechanisms of phenolic acids and flavonoids, which include
the induction of apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, cell-cycle arrest, induction of Poly ADP ribose
polymerase cleavage, downregulation of Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and Matrix metalloproteinases-9 activities,
decreased levels of B-cell lymphoma-2, etc. Promising effects of phenolic acids and flavonoids have been observed
against breast, colon, lung and prostate cancers.
Conclusion:
The in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer mechanisms of phenolic acids and flavonoids have been revealed
in this study. With the knowledge of specific molecular targets and the structural-functional relationship
of bioactive compounds, the current review will open a new gateway for the scientific community and provide
them a viable option to exploit more of these compounds for the development of novel and efficacious anticancer
compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh K. Bonta
- Plant Metabolic Pathway Laboratory, Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
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Caparica R, Júlio A, Araújo MEM, Baby AR, Fonte P, Costa JG, Santos de Almeida T. Anticancer Activity of Rutin and Its Combination with Ionic Liquids on Renal Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020233. [PMID: 32033222 PMCID: PMC7072522 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer. Identifying novel and more effective therapies, while minimizing toxicity, continues to be fundamental in curtailing RCC. Rutin, a bioflavonoid widely found in nature, has shown promising anticancer properties, but with limited applicability due to its poor water solubility and pharmacokinetics. Thus, the potential anticancer effects of rutin toward a human renal cancer cell line (786-O), while considering its safety in Vero kidney cells, was assessed, as well as the applicability of ionic liquids (ILs) to improve drug delivery. Rutin (up to 50 µM) did not show relevant cytotoxic effects in Vero cells. However, in 786-O cells, a significant decrease in cell viability was already observed at 50 µM. Moreover, exposure to rutin caused a significant increase in the sub-G1 population of 786-O cells, reinforcing the possible anticancer activity of this biomolecule. Two choline-amino acid ILs, at non-toxic concentrations, enhanced rutin’s solubility/loading while allowing the maintenance of rutin’s anticancer effects. Globally, our findings suggest that rutin may have a beneficial impact against RCC and that its combination with ILs ensures that this poorly soluble drug is successfully incorporated into ILs–nanoparticles hybrid systems, allowing controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Caparica
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Júlio
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Eduarda Machado Araújo
- CQE, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - André Rolim Baby
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 580 Prof. Lineu Prestes Av., Bl. 15, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil;
| | - Pedro Fonte
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve and Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - João Guilherme Costa
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- Correspondence: (J.G.C.); (T.S.d.A.); Tel.: +351-217515500 (T.S.d.A.)
| | - Tânia Santos de Almeida
- CBIOS—Universidade Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; (R.C.); (A.J.); (P.F.)
- CQE, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.G.C.); (T.S.d.A.); Tel.: +351-217515500 (T.S.d.A.)
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Gęgotek A, Jarocka-Karpowicz I, Skrzydlewska E. Synergistic Cytoprotective Effects of Rutin and Ascorbic Acid on the Proteomic Profile of 3D-Cultured Keratinocytes Exposed to UVA or UVB Radiation. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112672. [PMID: 31694226 PMCID: PMC6893536 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of ascorbic acid and rutin, often used in oral preparations, due to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, can be used to protect skin cells against the effects of UV radiation from sunlight. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of rutin and ascorbic acid on the proteomic profile of UVA and UVB irradiated keratinocytes cultured in a three-dimensional (3D) system. Results showed that the combination of rutin and ascorbic acid protects skin cells against UV-induced changes. In particular, alterations were observed in the expression of proteins involved in the antioxidant response, DNA repairing, inflammation, apoptosis, and protein biosynthesis. The combination of rutin and ascorbic acid also showed a stronger cytoprotective effect than when using either compound alone. Significant differences were visible between rutin and ascorbic acid single treatments in the case of protein carboxymethylation/carboxyethylation. Ascorbic acid prevented UV or rutin-induced protein modifications. Therefore, the synergistic effect of rutin and ascorbic acid creates a potentially effective protective system against skin damages caused by UVA and UVB radiation.
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Maldonado-Cubas J, Albores-Méndez EM, San Martín-Martínez E, Quiroz-Reyes CN, González-Córdova GE, Casañas-Pimentel RG. Mexican hawthorn (Crataegus gracilior J. B. Phipps) stems and leaves induce cell death on breast cancer cells. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:1411-1421. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1678657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Maldonado-Cubas
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Exsal M. Albores-Méndez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Eduardo San Martín-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Cinthya N. Quiroz-Reyes
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Gerardo E. González-Córdova
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Rocio G. Casañas-Pimentel
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, CONACYT - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CDMX, Mexico
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Enogieru AB, Haylett WL, Miller HC, van der Westhuizen FH, Hiss DC, Ekpo OE. Attenuation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Impaired Calcium Homeostasis, and Altered Bioenergetic Functions in MPP+-Exposed SH-SY5Y Cells Pretreated with Rutin. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:764-776. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Li X, Yao Z, Jiang X, Sun J, Ran G, Yang X, Zhao Y, Yan Y, Chen Z, Tian L, Bai W. Bioactive compounds from Cudrania tricuspidata: A natural anticancer source. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:494-514. [PMID: 30582344 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1541866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor is becoming a critical threat to our lives in these years. Searching for antitumor substances from natural products is a great interest of scientists. Cudrania tricuspidata (C. tricuspidata) is a regional plant containing 158 flavonoids and 99 xanthones, and others ingredients with favorable bioactivity. This review comprehensively analyzes the antitumor compounds from C. tricuspidata against different tumors, and 78 flavonoids plus xanthones are considered as underlying antineoplastic. Importantly, the structure of preylation groups is the primary source of antitumor activity among 45 flavonoids plus xanthones, which could be a direction of structural modification for a better antitumor ability. Additionally, the fruits are also preferable sources of antitumor compounds compared to the roots and barks due to the abundant isoflavones and sustainability. However, many studies only focused on the cells viability inhibition of the compounds, the underlying molecular mechanisms, and the intracellular targets remain ambiguous. In conclusion, C. tricuspidata has a great potential for anti-tumor prevention or therapy, but more attention should be paid to deeper research in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zilan Yao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- >Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Guojing Ran
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zisheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, PR China
| | - Lingmin Tian
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Weibin Bai
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Guangdong Engineering Technology Center of Food Safety Molecular Rapid Detection, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Aleksandar P, Dragana MĆ, Nebojša J, Biljana N, Nataša S, Branka V, Jelena KV. Wild edible onions - Allium flavum and Allium carinatum - successfully prevent adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:2482-2491. [PMID: 30551509 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate potential of two chemically characterized edible wild onion species, Allium flavum and Allium carinatum, to reduce side effects of cytostatic doxorubicin (Dox). Since Dox application is mainly limited due to its high cardiotoxicity, while there are no approved cardioprotective agents for the prevention of Dox adverse effects, new co-treatments are urgently needed. Here, we showed that methanol extracts expressed high antioxidant activity and synergistically increased Dox anticancer activity against human hepatoma (HepG2) and lung carcinoma (A549) cells, while protected normal human fibroblasts (MRC-5) from Dox cytotoxicity. Analysis of the antioxidative enzymes level (catalase and superoxide dismutases) showed that the catalase level was differently altered in cancer cells compared to normal cells upon applied treatments. In vivo toxicity evaluation in the zebrafish model revealed significantly lower toxicity of extracts compared to Dox, and no teratogenic effects at applied doses. We found that extracts successfully rescued the Dox-treated embryos of life-threating cardiomyopathy, while at the same time reduced developmental toxicity and neutropenia. Further analysis demonstrated that extracts had higher anti-angiogenic activity than sunitinib or auranofin, clinically used antiangiogenic drugs. In addition, angiogenesis was markedly more suppressed in Dox-extract cotreatments than upon single treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavić Aleksandar
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Mitić-Ćulafić Dragana
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jasnić Nebojša
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikolić Biljana
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Simin Nataša
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vasiljević Branka
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Vojvode Stepe 444a, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Pandey VK, Mathur A, Kakkar P. Emerging role of Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) mediated proteotoxic apoptosis in diabetes. Life Sci 2018; 216:246-258. [PMID: 30471281 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a crucial single membrane organelle that acts as a quality control system for cellular proteins as it is intricately involved in their synthesis, folding and trafficking to the respective targets. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by enhanced blood glucose level that promotes insulin resistance and hampers cellular glucose metabolism. Hyperglycemia provokes mitochondrial ROS production and glycation of proteins which exert a tremendous load on ER for conventional refolding of misfolded/unfolded and nascent proteins that perturb ER homeostasis resulting in apoptotic cell death. Impairment in ER functions is suspected to be through specific ER membrane-bound proteins known as Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) sensor proteins. Conformational changes in these proteins induce oligomerization and cross-autophosphorylation which facilitate processes required for the restoration of ER homeostatic imbalance. Multiple studies have reported the involvement of UPR mediated autophagy and apoptotic pathways in the progression of metabolic disorders including diabetes, cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury and hypoxia-mediated cell death. In this review, the involvement of UPR pathways in the progression of diabetes associated complications have been addressed, which underscores molecular crosstalks during neuropathy, nephropathy, hepatic injury and retinopathy. A better understanding of these molecular interventions may reveal advanced therapeutic approaches for preventing diabetic comorbidities. The article also highlights the importance of phytochemicals that are emerging as novel ER stress inhibitors and are being explored for targeted interaction in preventing cell death responses during diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Pandey
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alpana Mathur
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Kakkar
- Herbal Research Laboratory, Food, Drug & Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan 31, M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Nafees S, Mehdi SH, Zafaryab M, Zeya B, Sarwar T, Rizvi MA. Synergistic Interaction of Rutin and Silibinin on Human Colon Cancer Cell Line. Arch Med Res 2018; 49:226-234. [PMID: 30314650 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Rutin and Silibinin are active flavonoid compounds, well-known for possessing multiple biological activities. We have studied how Rutin and Silibinin in combination modulate wide range intracellular signaling cascades as evidenced by in-vitro research. Data obtained from preclinical studies provide evidence to be supportive to bridge basic and translational studies. METHODS In this study, cytotoxic effect of Rutin and Silibinin individually and in combination on the viability of colon cancer cell line (HT-29) was revealed using the MTT assay. Mechanism involved in the cytotoxic effect were then investigated in terms of apoptosis using comet assay, DNA fragmentation and fluorescent microscopy analyses. The apoptosis associated proteins viz; Caspase-3, 8, 9, Bax, Bcl-2, p53, inflammation associated proteins viz; NFκB, IKK-α IKK-β and MAPK pathway associated proteins viz; p38 and MK-2 were determined by western-blot and Real Time-PCR analysis. RESULTS Results suggest that Rutin and Silibinin produce anticancer effects via induction of apoptosis as well as regulating the expressions of genes related to apoptosis, inflammation and MAPK pathway proteins more effectively in combination than individually. CONCLUSION Our study supports the viability of developing Rutin and Silibinin in combination as a novel therapeutic prodrug for colon cancer treatment and may have a promising role in the development of new anticancer drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Nafees
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi.
| | | | | | - Bushra Zeya
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi
| | - Tarique Sarwar
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi
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Varghese E, Samuel SM, Abotaleb M, Cheema S, Mamtani R, Büsselberg D. The "Yin and Yang" of Natural Compounds in Anticancer Therapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E346. [PMID: 30248941 PMCID: PMC6209965 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the different types of breast cancers, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are highly aggressive, do not respond to conventional hormonal/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted interventions due to the lack of the respective receptor targets, have chances of early recurrence, metastasize, tend to be more invasive in nature, and develop drug resistance. The global burden of TNBCs is increasing regardless of the number of cytotoxic drugs being introduced into the market each year as they have only moderate efficacy and/or unforeseen side effects. Therefore, the demand for more efficient therapeutic interventions, with reduced side effects, for the treatment of TNBCs is rising. While some plant metabolites/derivatives actually induce the risk of cancers, many plant-derived active principles have gained attention as efficient anticancer agents against TNBCs, with fewer adverse side effects. Here we discuss the possible oncogenic molecular pathways in TNBCs and how the purified plant-derived natural compounds specifically target and modulate the genes and/or proteins involved in these aberrant pathways to exhibit their anticancer potential. We have linked the anticancer potential of plant-derived natural compounds (luteolin, chalcones, piperine, deguelin, quercetin, rutin, fisetin, curcumin, resveratrol, and others) to their ability to target multiple dysregulated signaling pathways (such as the Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Hedgehog) leading to suppression of cell growth, proliferation, migration, inflammation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, and activation of apoptosis in TNBCs. Plant-derived compounds in combination with classical chemotherapeutic agents were more efficient in the treatment of TNBCs, possibly with lesser side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
| | - Mariam Abotaleb
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
| | - Sohaila Cheema
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
| | - Ravinder Mamtani
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
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Enogieru AB, Omoruyi SI, Hiss DC, Ekpo OE. Potential antiparkinsonian agents derived from South African medicinal plants. J Herb Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dammak I, do Amaral Sobral PJ. Investigation into the physicochemical stability and rheological properties of rutin emulsions stabilized by chitosan and lecithin. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Rutin as a Potent Antioxidant: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6241017. [PMID: 30050657 PMCID: PMC6040293 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6241017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and prion diseases, share common mechanisms such as neuronal loss, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Intervention strategies using plant-derived bioactive compounds have been offered as a form of treatment for these debilitating conditions, as there are currently no remedies to prevent, reverse, or halt the progression of neuronal loss. Rutin, a glycoside of the flavonoid quercetin, is found in many plants and fruits, especially buckwheat, apricots, cherries, grapes, grapefruit, plums, and oranges. Pharmacological studies have reported the beneficial effects of rutin in many disease conditions, and its therapeutic potential in several models of NDs has created considerable excitement. Here, we have summarized the current knowledge on the neuroprotective mechanisms of rutin in various experimental models of NDs. The mechanisms of action reviewed in this article include reduction of proinflammatory cytokines, improved antioxidant enzyme activities, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, downregulation of mRNA expression of PD-linked and proapoptotic genes, upregulation of the ion transport and antiapoptotic genes, and restoration of the activities of mitochondrial complex enzymes. Taken together, these findings suggest that rutin may be a promising neuroprotective compound for the treatment of NDs.
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Han XL, Li JD, Wang WL, Yang C, Li ZY. Sweroside eradicated leukemia cells and attenuated pathogenic processes in mice by inducing apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:477-486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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