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Zhang HY, Zhu JJ, Liu ZM, Zhang YX, Chen JJ, Chen KD. A prognostic four-gene signature and a therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Construction and analysis of a circRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA network. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:272-287. [PMID: 37407412 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor long-term prognosis. The competition of circular RNAs (circRNAs) with endogenous RNA is a novel tool for predicting HCC prognosis. Based on the alterations of circRNA regulatory networks, the analysis of gene modules related to HCC is feasible. METHODS Multiple expression datasets and RNA element targeting prediction tools were used to construct a circRNA-microRNA-mRNA network in HCC. Gene function, pathway, and protein interaction analyses were performed for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in this regulatory network. In the protein-protein interaction network, hub genes were identified and subjected to regression analysis, producing an optimized four-gene signature for prognostic risk stratification in HCC patients. Anti-HCC drugs were excavated by assessing the DEGs between the low- and high-risk groups. A circRNA-microRNA-hub gene subnetwork was constructed, in which three hallmark genes, KIF4A, CCNA2, and PBK, were subjected to functional enrichment analysis. RESULTS A four-gene signature (KIF4A, CCNA2, PBK, and ZWINT) that effectively estimated the overall survival and aided in prognostic risk assessment in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort was developed. CDK inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, and EGFR inhibitors were predicted as four potential mechanisms of drug action (MOA) in high-risk HCC patients. Subsequent analysis has revealed that PBK, CCNA2, and KIF4A play a crucial role in regulating the tumor microenvironment by promoting immune cell invasion, regulating microsatellite instability (MSI), and exerting an impact on HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights the role of the circRNA-related regulatory network, identifies a four-gene prognostic signature and biomarkers, and further identifies novel therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jia-Jie Zhu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Zong-Ming Liu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Zhang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jia-Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke-Da Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
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2
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Hashemi M, Daneii P, Asadalizadeh M, Tabari K, Matinahmadi A, Bidoki SS, Motlagh YSM, Jafari AM, Ghorbani A, Dehghanpour A, Nabavi N, Tan SC, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Goharrizi MASB. Epigenetic regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma progression: MicroRNAs as therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic factors. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 170:106566. [PMID: 38513802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a significant challenge for public healthcare systems in developed Western countries including the USA, Canada, and the UK, is influenced by different risk factors including hepatitis virus infections, alcoholism, and smoking. The disruption in the balance of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a vital function in tumorigenesis, given their function as regulators in numerous signaling networks. These miRNAs, which are mature and active in the cytoplasm, work by reducing the expression of target genes through their impact on mRNAs. MiRNAs are particularly significant in HCC as they regulate key aspects of the tumor, like proliferation and invasion. Additionally, during treatment phases such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the levels of miRNAs are key determinants. Pre-clinical experiments have demonstrated that altered miRNA expression contributes to HCC development, metastasis, drug resistance, and radio-resistance, highlighting related molecular pathways and processes like MMPs, EMT, apoptosis, and autophagy. Furthermore, the regulatory role of miRNAs in HCC extends beyond their immediate function, as they are also influenced by other epigenetic factors like lncRNAs and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as discussed in recent reviews. Applying these discoveries in predicting the prognosis of HCC could mark a significant advancement in the therapy of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Daneii
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahya Asadalizadeh
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiana Tabari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Matinahmadi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Seyed Shahabadin Bidoki
- Faculty of medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Ali Moghadas Jafari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Ghorbani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Dehghanpour
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Zabeti Touchaei A, Vahidi S. MicroRNAs as regulators of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy: targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:102. [PMID: 38462628 PMCID: PMC10926683 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by harnessing the power of the immune system to eliminate tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) block negative regulatory signals that prevent T cells from attacking cancer cells. Two key ICIs target the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, which includes programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). Another ICI targets cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4). While ICIs have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in various malignancies, only a subset of patients respond favorably. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, play a crucial role in modulating immune checkpoints, including PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4. This review summarizes the latest advancements in immunotherapy, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 immune checkpoints and the regulatory role of miRNAs in modulating these pathways. Consequently, understanding the complex interplay between miRNAs and immune checkpoints is essential for developing more effective and personalized immunotherapy strategies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sogand Vahidi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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4
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Li ZD, Li YL, Lu J, Liang S, Zhang C, Zeng LH. Recent research progress of circular RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1192386. [PMID: 38322286 PMCID: PMC10844539 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1192386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an extremely heterogeneous malignant tumor with a high morbidity and mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with high stability, organ/tissue/cell-specific expression and are conserved across species. Accumulating evidence suggested that circRNAs play crucial roles as microRNA sponges, protein sponges, scaffolds, recruiters and could even polypeptide encoders. Many studies have since revealed that circRNAs were aberrantly expressed in HCC and acted as crucial modulators of HCC carcinogenesis and progression. Furthermore, circRNAs have also been identified as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HCC. In this review, we thoroughly outline and evaluate the function of circRNAs in HCC development, with an emphasis on the specific molecular pathways by which they participated in the formation and progression of HCC, and we address their potential for serving as clinical biomarkers in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-di Li
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang-ling Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling-hui Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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5
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Xie C, Hao X, Yuan H, Wang C, Sharif R, Yu H. Crosstalk Between circRNA and Tumor Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanism, Function and Applications. Onco Targets Ther 2024; 17:7-26. [PMID: 38283733 PMCID: PMC10812140 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s437536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common aggressive tumors in the world. Despite the availability of various treatments, its prognosis remains poor due to the lack of specific diagnostic indicators and the high heterogeneity of HCC cases. CircRNAs are noncoding RNAs with stable and highly specific expression. Extensive research evidence suggests that circRNAs mediate the pathogenesis and progression of HCC through acting as miRNA sponges, protein modulators, and translation templates. Tumor microenvironment (TME) has become a hotspot of immune-related research in recent years due to its effects on metabolism, secretion and immunity of HCC. Accordingly, understanding the role played by circRNAs in TME is important for the study of HCC. This review will discuss the crosstalk between circRNAs and TME in HCC. In addition, we will discuss the current deficiencies and controversies in research on circRNAs and predict future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Xie
- Hepatobiliary Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaopei Hao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Hepatobiliary Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongyu Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Razinah Sharif
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia
- Biocompatibility Laboratory, Centre for Research and Instrumentation, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 43600, Malaysia
| | - Haibo Yu
- Hepatobiliary Center, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Meng L, Wu H, Wu J, Ding P, He J, Sang M, Liu L. Mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors: insights into the regulation of circular RNAS involved in cancer hallmarks. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:3. [PMID: 38177102 PMCID: PMC10766988 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for cancer, especially advanced cancer, are limited and unsatisfactory. One of the most substantial advances in cancer therapy, in the last decades, was the discovery of a new layer of immunotherapy approach, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which can specifically activate immune cells by targeting immune checkpoints. Immune checkpoints are a type of immunosuppressive molecules expressed on immune cells, which can regulate the degree of immune activation and avoid autoimmune responses. ICIs, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs, has shown inspiring efficacy and broad applicability across various cancers. Unfortunately, not all cancer patients benefit remarkably from ICIs, and the overall response rates to ICIs remain relatively low for most cancer types. Moreover, the primary and acquired resistance to ICIs pose serious challenges to the clinical application of cancer immunotherapy. Thus, a deeper understanding of the molecular biological properties and regulatory mechanisms of immune checkpoints is urgently needed to improve clinical options for current therapies. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted increasing attention, not only due to their involvement in various aspects of cancer hallmarks, but also for their impact on immune checkpoints in shaping the tumor immune microenvironment. In this review, we systematically summarize the current status of immune checkpoints in cancer and the existing regulatory roles of circRNAs on immune checkpoints. Meanwhile, we also aim to settle the issue in an evidence-oriented manner that circRNAs involved in cancer hallmarks regulate the effects and resistance of ICIs by targeting immune checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjiao Meng
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, China
- Research Center and Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jiaxiang Wu
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Ping'an Ding
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Jinchen He
- The Third Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Comprehensive Treatment of Gastric Cancer, Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Meixiang Sang
- Research Center and Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
- Science and Education Department, Shanghai Electric Power Hospital, Shanghai, 20050, China.
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050035, China.
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7
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Hao L, Li S, Deng J, Li N, Yu F, Jiang Z, Zhang J, Shi X, Hu X. The current status and future of PD-L1 in liver cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1323581. [PMID: 38155974 PMCID: PMC10754529 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1323581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of immunotherapy in tumor, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has played an important role in the treatment of advanced unresectable liver cancer. However, the efficacy of ICIs varies greatly among different patients, which has aroused people's attention to the regulatory mechanism of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in the immune escape of liver cancer. PD-L1 is regulated by multiple levels and signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including gene variation, epigenetic inheritance, transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation, and post-translational modification. More studies have also found that the high expression of PD-L1 may be the main factor affecting the immunotherapy of liver cancer. However, what is the difference of PD-L1 expressed by different types of cells in the microenvironment of HCC, and which type of cells expressed PD-L1 determines the effect of tumor immunotherapy remains unclear. Therefore, clarifying the regulatory mechanism of PD-L1 in liver cancer can provide more basis for liver cancer immunotherapy and combined immune treatment strategy. In addition to its well-known role in immune regulation, PD-L1 also plays a role in regulating cancer cell proliferation and promoting drug resistance of tumor cells, which will be reviewed in this paper. In addition, we also summarized the natural products and drugs that regulated the expression of PD-L1 in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Hao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shenghao Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiali Deng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Jiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junli Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinli Shi
- Center of Experimental Management, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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8
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Li P, Huang D, Gu X. Exploring the dual role of circRNA and PI3K/AKT pathway in tumors of the digestive system. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115694. [PMID: 37832407 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions among circRNAs, the PI3K/AKT pathway, and their downstream effectors are intricately linked to their functional roles in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the circRNAs/PI3K/AKT axis has been significantly implicated in the context of digestive system tumors. This axis is frequently abnormally activated in digestive cancers, including gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and others. Moreover, the overactivation of the circRNAs/PI3K/AKT axis promotes tumor cell proliferation, suppresses apoptosis, enhances invasive and metastatic capabilities, and contributes to drug resistance. In this regard, gaining crucial insights into the complex interaction between circRNAs and the PI3K/AKT pathway holds great potential for elucidating disease mechanisms, identifying diagnostic biomarkers, and designing targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Child Health Care, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, Henan, China.
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Wang W, Zhang C, Xiong M, Jiang L, Fang Z, Zhou H, Shao Y. WAVE3 Facilitates the Tumorigenesis and Metastasis of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma via EMT. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04764-8. [PMID: 37947948 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04764-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family verprolin-homologous domain-containing protein 3 (WAVE3) is reported as an oncogene regulating cell proliferation and motility in multiple malignancies, while its role in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the expression and mechanism of WAVE3 in TSCC. We enrolled 64 TSCC patients admitted between June 2013 and February 2014 and collected their cancerous and adjacent normal tissues to determine WAVE3 expression by immunohistochemistry. The correlation of WAVE3 expression with TSCC patients' pathological characteristics was analyzed. Then, a 7-year follow-up was conducted to observe the value of WAVE3 in evaluating patient outcomes. In addition, human TSCC SCC9, SCC25, and CAL27 cells were purchased and detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell, and scratch-wound assays for their proliferation, invasion, and migration capacities, while real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were utilized to quantify WAVE3 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related protein expression, respectively. The most active cell lines were selected to be infected with lentiviral vectors that silenced WAVE3 (named WAVE3-sh group) and overexpressed WAVE3 cDNA (named WAVE3-OE group) to observe the impacts of interfering WAVE3 expression on TSCC cell biological behavior. The positive expression of WAVE3 in TSCC tissue was found to be obviously enhanced and predominantly located in the cytoplasm. In addition, close correlations were identified between WAVE3 and T staging, clinical staging, lymphatic metastasis, distant metastasis, and differentiation degree (P < 0.05). Increased WAVE3 expression predicted an elevated risk of death, as indicated by the follow-up analysis (P < 0.05). SCC9 was selected for subsequent experiments among various TSCC cell lines studied because it showed the most potent ability to proliferate, invade, and migrate (P < 0.05). Silencing WAVE3 expression in SCC9 cells decreased cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and EMT-related protein expression (P < 0.05), while increasing WAVE3 expression promoted SCC9 viability. WAVE3, which was highly expressed in TSCC, promoted EMT in tumor cells and accelerated their proliferation, invasion, and migration, which might provide a new theoretical basis for molecular targeted therapy of TSCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chenwei Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meihua Xiong
- Department of ENT, Jiangxi Province of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiyi Fang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hanjian Zhou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yisen Shao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
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Xiao Y, Hu Y, Liu S. Non-coding RNAs: a promising target for early metastasis intervention. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2538-2550. [PMID: 37442775 PMCID: PMC10617820 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Metastases account for the overwhelming majority of cancer-associated deaths. The dissemination of cancer cells from the primary tumor to distant organs involves a complex process known as the invasion-metastasis cascade. The underlying biological mechanisms of metastasis, however, remain largely elusive. Recently, the discovery and characterization of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have revealed the diversity of their regulatory roles, especially as key contributors throughout the metastatic cascade. Here, we review recent progress in how three major types of ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs) are involved in the multistep procedure of metastasis. We further examine interactions among the three ncRNAs as well as current progress in their regulatory mechanisms. We also propose the prevention of metastasis in the early stages of cancer progression and discuss current translational studies using ncRNAs as targets for metastasis diagnosis and treatments. These studies provide insights into developing more effective strategies to target metastatic relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yijun Hu
- Clinical Research Center, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shanrong Liu
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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11
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Weidle UH, Nopora A. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Up-regulated Circular RNAs Which Mediate Efficacy in Preclinical In Vivo Models. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2023; 20:500-521. [PMID: 37889063 PMCID: PMC10614070 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranges as number two with respect to the incidence of tumors and is associated with a dismal prognosis. The therapeutic efficacy of approved multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors and checkpoint inhibitors is modest. Therefore, the identification of new therapeutic targets and entities is of paramount importance. We searched the literature for up-regulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) which mediate efficacy in preclinical in vivo models of HCC. Our search resulted in 14 circRNAs which up-regulate plasma membrane transmembrane receptors, while 5 circRNAs induced secreted proteins. Two circRNAs facilitated replication of Hepatitis B or C viruses. Three circRNAs up-regulated high mobility group proteins. Six circRNAs regulated components of the ubiquitin system. Seven circRNAs induced GTPases of the family of ras-associated binding proteins (RABs). Three circRNAs induced redox-related proteins, eight of them up-regulated metabolic enzymes and nine circRNAs induced signaling-related proteins. The identified circRNAs up-regulate the corresponding targets by sponging microRNAs. Identified circRNAs and their targets have to be validated by standard criteria of preclinical drug development. Identified targets can potentially be inhibited by small molecules or antibody-based moieties and circRNAs can be inhibited by small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Adam Nopora
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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12
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Zeng Y, Hu S, Luo Y, He K. Exosome Cargos as Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2365. [PMID: 37765333 PMCID: PMC10537613 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Due to the insidiousness of HCC onset and the lack of specific early-stage markers, the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC are still unsatisfactory, leading to a poor prognosis. Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicle containing various components, which play an essential part in the development, progression, and metastasis of HCC. A large number of studies have demonstrated that exosomes could serve as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of HCC. These diagnostic components mainly include proteins, microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs. The exosome biomarkers showed high sensitivity and high specificity in distinguishing HCC from health controls and other liver diseases, such as chronic HBV and liver cirrhosis. The expression of these biomarkers also exhibits correlations with various clinical factors such as tumor size, TMN stage, overall survival, and recurrence rate. In this review, we summarize the function of exosomes in the development of HCC and highlight their application as HCC biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulai Zeng
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shuyu Hu
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Kang He
- Department of Liver Surgery, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (Y.Z.); (S.H.)
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Transplantation and Immunology, Shanghai 200127, China
- Shanghai Institute of Transplantation, Shanghai 200127, China
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13
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Ghionescu AV, Sorop A, Dima SO. The pivotal role of EMT-related noncoding RNAs regulatory axes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1270425. [PMID: 37767397 PMCID: PMC10520284 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1270425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a major health problem worldwide, being the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, with limited treatment options, especially in its advanced stages. Tumor resistance is closely associated with the activation of the EMT phenomenon and its reversal, being modulated by different molecules, including noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Noncoding RNAs have the potential to function as both tumor suppressors and oncogenic molecules, controlling the malignant potential of HCC cells. Basically, these molecules circulate in the tumor microenvironment, encapsulated in exosomes. Their impact on cell biology is more significant than originally expected, which makes related research rather complex. The temporal and spatial expression patterns, precise roles and mechanisms of specific ncRNAs encapsulated in exosomes remain primarily unknown in different stages of the disease. This review aims to highlight the recent advances in ncRNAs related to EMT and classifies the described mechanism as direct and indirect, for a better summarization. Moreover, we provide an overview of current research on the role of ncRNAs in several drug resistance-related pathways, including the emergence of resistance to sorafenib, doxorubicin, cisplatin and paclitaxel therapy. Nevertheless, we comprehensively discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms of exosomal ncRNAs in EMT-HCC via intercellular communication pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrei Sorop
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Olimpia Dima
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- Digestive Diseases and Liver Transplantation Center, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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14
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Moldogazieva NT, Zavadskiy SP, Astakhov DV, Sologova SS, Margaryan AG, Safrygina AA, Smolyarchuk EA. Differentially expressed non-coding RNAs and their regulatory networks in liver cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19223. [PMID: 37662778 PMCID: PMC10474437 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of human transcriptome is represented by various types of small RNAs with little or no protein-coding capability referred to as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Functional ncRNAs include microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are expressed at very low, but stable and reproducible levels in a variety of cell types. ncRNAs regulate gene expression due to miRNA capability of complementary base pairing with mRNAs, whereas lncRNAs and circRNAs can sponge miRNAs off their target mRNAs to act as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Each miRNA can target multiple mRNAs and a single mRNA can interact with several miRNAs, thereby creating miRNA-mRNA, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA, and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. Over the past few years, a variety of differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs (DEMs, DELs, and DECs, respectively) have been linked to cancer pathogenesis. They can exert both oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in uncovering the roles of DEMs, DELs, and DECs and their networks in aberrant cell signaling, cell cycle, transcription, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, as well as tumor microenvironment remodeling and metabolic reprogramming during hepatocarcinogenesis. We highlight the potential and challenges in the use of differentially expressed ncRNAs as biomarkers for liver cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbubu T. Moldogazieva
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey P. Zavadskiy
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Astakhov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modelling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Susanna S. Sologova
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Arus G. Margaryan
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A. Safrygina
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Smolyarchuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
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15
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Alqurashi YE, Al-Hetty HRAK, Ramaiah P, Fazaa AH, Jalil AT, Alsaikhan F, Gupta J, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Tayyib NA, Peng H. Harnessing function of EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma: From biological view to nanotechnological standpoint. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 227:115683. [PMID: 36933639 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Management of cancer metastasis has been associated with remarkable reduction in progression of cancer cells and improving survival rate of patients. Since 90% of mortality are due to cancer metastasis, its suppression can improve ability in cancer fighting. The EMT has been an underlying cause in increasing cancer migration and it is followed by mesenchymal transformation of epithelial cells. HCC is the predominant kind of liver tumor threatening life of many people around the world with poor prognosis. Increasing patient prognosis can be obtained via inhibiting tumor metastasis. HCC metastasis modulation by EMT and HCC therapy by nanoparticles are discussed here. First of all, EMT happens during progression and advanced stages of HCC and therefore, its inhibition can reduce tumor malignancy. Moreover, anti-cancer compounds including all-trans retinoic acid and plumbaging, among others, have been considered as inhibitors of EMT. The EMT association with chemoresistance has been evaluated. Moreover, ZEB1/2, TGF-β, Snail and Twist are EMT modulators in HCC and enhancing cancer invasion. Therefore, EMT mechanism and related molecular mechanisms in HCC are evaluated. The treatment of HCC has not been only emphasized on targeting molecular pathways with pharmacological compounds and since drugs have low bioavailability, their targeted delivery by nanoparticles promotes HCC elimination. Moreover, nanoparticle-mediated phototherapy impairs tumorigenesis in HCC by triggering cell death. Metastasis of HCC and even EMT mechanism can be suppressed by cargo-loaded nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser E Alqurashi
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Pin Code 281406, U. P., India
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Colombia; Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Ecuador
| | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hu Peng
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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16
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Yu LL, Xiao Q, Yu B, Lv QL, Liu ZQ, Yin JY. CircRNAs in tumor immunity and immunotherapy: Perspectives from innate and adaptive immunity. Cancer Lett 2023; 564:216219. [PMID: 37146937 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy is a new therapeutic approach that has been evolving in the last decade and has dramatically changed the treatment options for cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with high stability, tissue-specific and cell-specific expression. There is growing evidence that circRNAs are involved in the regulation of both adaptive and innate immunity. They play important roles in tumor immunotherapy by affecting macrophage, NK and T cell function. The high stability and tissue specificity make them ideal candidate biomarkers for therapeutic effects. CircRNAs also represent one of promising targets or adjuvant for immunotherapy. Investigations in this field progress rapidly and provide essential support for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment guidance of cancers in the future. In this review, we summarize the role of circRNAs on tumor immunity from the viewpoint of innate and adaptive immunity, and explore the role of circRNAs in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qiao-Li Lv
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029, PR China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Personalized Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330029, PR China.
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Ji-Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, 410078, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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17
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Mahmoudian RA, Akhlaghipour I, Lotfi M, Shahidsales S, Moghbeli M. Circular RNAs as the pivotal regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastrointestinal tumor cells. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154472. [PMID: 37087995 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, as the most common human malignancies are always considered one of the most important health challenges in the world. Late diagnosis in advanced tumor stages is one of the main reasons for the high mortality rate and treatment failure in these patients. Therefore, investigating the molecular pathways involved in GI tumor progression is required to introduce the efficient markers for the early tumor diagnosis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the main cellular mechanisms involved in the GI tumor metastasis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are one of the main regulatory factors in EMT process. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of covalently closed loop ncRNAs that have higher stability in body fluids compared with other ncRNAs. Considering the importance of circRNAs in regulation of EMT process, in the present review we discussed the role of circRNAs in EMT process during GI tumor invasion. It has been reported that circRNAs mainly affect the EMT process through the regulation of EMT-specific transcription factors and signaling pathways such as WNT, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, and MAPK. This review can be an effective step in introducing a circRNA/EMT based diagnostic panel marker for the early tumor detection among GI cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Malihe Lotfi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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18
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Peña-Paladines JJ, Wong CH, Chen Y. Circularized RNA as novel therapeutics in cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 156:106364. [PMID: 36639095 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) regulate gene expression by functioning as microRNA sponges, regulating protein stability, and gilding proteins for gene transcription and translation. Also, limited circRNAs harbour protein-coding ability through cap-independent pathways. These molecular mechanisms of circRNAs contribute to their importance in several cellular processes. Particularly, the dysregulation of circRNAs also plays a critical role in disease development. Targeting disease-causing circRNAs by restoring their normal expression by gain-of-function or loss-of-function approach and regulating their molecular activities could be potential direction for the development of anti-cancer therapies. Furthermore, due to unique covalently closed circular structure, the superior stability of circRNAs also grants them as novel therapeutic tools replacing the therapeutic small interfering RNAs and messenger RNAs. Here, we will review the functional and molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in pathogenesis, the current methods for targeting the dysregulated circRNAs, and the potential of using synthetic circRNAs in disease treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chi Hin Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518087, China
| | - Yangchao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518087, China.
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19
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Liu Z, Yang F, Xiao Z, Liu Y. Review of novel functions and implications of circular RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1093063. [PMID: 36890830 PMCID: PMC9986438 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1093063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most frequent malignancies, with high incidence and mortality. As the majority of HCC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage and die of recurrence and metastasis, its pathology and new biomarkers are needed. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large subclass of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with covalently closed loop structures and abundant, conserved, stable, tissue-specific expression in mammalian cells. CircRNAs exert multiple functions in HCC initiation, growth and progression, serving as promising biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targets for this disease. This review briefly describes the biogenesis and biological functions of circRNAs and elucidates the roles of circRNAs in the development and progression of HCC, especially regarding epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), drug resistance and interactions with epigenetic modifications. In addition, this review highlights the implications of circRNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HCC. We hope to provide novel insight into the roles of circRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangming Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhun Xiao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuexuan Liu
- Department of Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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20
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Regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment by cancer-derived circular RNAs. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:132. [PMID: 36797245 PMCID: PMC9935907 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05647-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNAs) is a covalently closed circular non-coding RNA formed by reverse back-splicing from precursor messenger RNA. It is found widely in eukaryotic cells and can be released to the surrounding environment and captured by other cell types. This, circRNAs serve as connections between different cell types for the mediation of multiple signaling pathways. CircRNAs reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME), a key factor involved in all stages of cancer development, by regulating epithelial-stromal transformation, tumor vascularization, immune cell function, and inflammatory responses. Immune cells are the most abundant cellular TME components, and they have profound toxicity to cancer cells. This review summarizes circRNA regulation of immune cells, including T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages; highlights the impact of circRNAs on tumor progression, treatment, and prognosis; and indicates new targets for tumor immunotherapy.
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21
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The Interaction of Programmed Cell Death Protein and Its Ligands with Non-Coding RNAs in Neoplasms: Emerging Anticancer Immunotherapeutics. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11020538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that cancer cells can elude immune cells by creating a sanctuary within the tumor’s microenvironment. Large amounts of immune-suppressing signaling proteins can be expressed by cancer cells. One of the most important mechanisms in this system is immune suppression caused by tumors and the modulation of the immune checkpoint. The immune checkpoint is modulated by both the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligands, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-L2. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), including the more well-known microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), all play roles in the regulation of biological processes and extensive diseases such as cancer. Thus, the focus of this study is on the interactions between the programmed death protein and its ligands with miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs during tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Furthermore, some FDA-approved drugs for the treatment of various cancers were based on their interactions with PD-1, PD-Ls, and ncRNAs. This promising strategy is still in the production stages, with additional results and clinical trials being processed.
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22
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Ishaq Y, Ikram A, Alzahrani B, Khurshid S. The Role of miRNAs, circRNAs and Their Interactions in Development and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Insilico Approach. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:genes14010013. [PMID: 36672755 PMCID: PMC9858589 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of malignant tumor. miRNAs are noncoding RNAs and their differential expression patterns are observed in HCC-induced by alcoholism, HBV and HCV infections. By acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), circRNA regulates the miRNA function, indirectly controlling the gene expression and leading to HCC progression. In the present study, data mining was performed to screen out all miRNAs and circRNA involved in alcohol, HBV or HCV-induced HCC with statistically significant (≤0.05%) expression levels reported in various studies. Further, the interaction of miRNAs and circRNA was also investigated to explore their role in HCC due to various causative agents. Together, these study data provide a deeper understanding of the circRNA-miRNA regulatory mechanisms in HCC. These screened circRNA, miRNA and their interactions can be used as prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Ishaq
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore (UOL), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Ikram
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), University of Lahore (UOL), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
| | - Badr Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Khurshid
- Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, 1-Davis Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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23
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Niu ZS, Wang WH, Niu XJ. Recent progress in molecular mechanisms of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:6433-6477. [PMID: 36569275 PMCID: PMC9782839 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i46.6433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatectomy is currently considered the most effective option for treating patients with early and intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unfortunately, the postoperative prognosis of patients with HCC remains unsatisfactory, predominantly because of high postoperative metastasis and recurrence rates. Therefore, research on the molecular mechanisms of postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence will help develop effective intervention measures to prevent or delay HCC metastasis and recurrence and to improve the long-term survival of HCC patients. Herein, we review the latest research progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying postoperative HCC metastasis and recurrence to lay a foundation for improving the understanding of HCC metastasis and recurrence and for developing more precise prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Shan Niu
- Laboratory of Micromorphology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Niu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Qingdao Shibei District People's Hospital, Qingdao 266033, Shandong Province, China
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Dai M, Liu M, Yang H, Küçük C, You H. New insights into epigenetic regulation of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:101. [PMID: 36384676 PMCID: PMC9667634 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) is a type of immune-inhibitory checkpoint protein, which delivers inhibitory signals to cytotoxic T cells by binding to the programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) displayed on the surface of cancer cells. Antibodies blocking PD-1/PD-L1 interaction have been extensively used in treatment of human malignancies and have achieved promising outcomes in recent years. However, gradual development of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has decreased the effectiveness of this immunotherapy in cancer patients. The underlying epigenetic mechanisms need to be elucidated for application of novel strategies overcoming this immunotherapy resistance. Epigenetic aberrations contribute to cancerogenesis by promoting different hallmarks of cancer. Moreover, these alterations may lead to therapy resistance, thereby leading to poor prognosis. Recently, the epigenetic regulatory drugs have been shown to decrease the resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in certain cancer patients. Inhibitors of the non-coding RNAs, DNA methyltransferases, and histone deacetylases combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown considerable therapeutic efficacy against carcinomas as well as blood cancers. Importantly, DNA methylation-mediated epigenetic silencing can inhibit antigen processing and presentation, which promotes cancerogenesis and aggravates resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy. These observations altogether suggest that the combination of the epigenetic regulatory drugs with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors may present potential solution to the resistance caused by monotherapy of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Shoorei H, Hussen BM, Poornajaf Y, Taheri M, Sharifi G. Interplay between programmed death-ligand 1 and non-coding RNAs. Front Immunol 2022; 13:982902. [PMID: 36405753 PMCID: PMC9667550 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.982902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a transmembrane protein with essential roles in the suppression of adaptive immune responses. As an immune checkpoint molecule, PD-L1 can be exploited by cancer cells to evade the anti-tumor attacks initiated by the immune system. Thus, blockade of the PD1/PD-L1 axis can eliminate the suppressive signals and release the antitumor immune responses. Identification of the underlying mechanisms of modulation of the activity of the PD1/PD-L1 axis would facilitate the design of more efficacious therapeutic options and better assignment of patients for each option. Recent studies have confirmed the interactions between miRNAs/lncRNAs/circ-RNAs and the PD1/PD-L1 axis. In the current review, we give a summary of interactions between these transcripts and PD-L1 in the context of cancer. We also overview the consequences of these interactions in the determination of the response of patients to anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq,Center of Research and Strategic Studies, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Yadollah Poornajaf
- Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany,*Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Guive Sharifi,
| | - Guive Sharifi
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Mohammad Taheri, ; Guive Sharifi,
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Huang Z, Zhu L, Zhang Q, Zhao D, Yao J. Circular RNA hsa-circ-0005238 enhances trophoblast migration, invasion and suppresses apoptosis via the miR-370-3p/CDC25B axis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:943885. [PMID: 36314002 PMCID: PMC9606333 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.943885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is attributed to various maternal, fetal, and placental factors. Trophoblasts participate in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy from implantation and placentation to providing nutrition to fetus. Studies have reported that impaired trophoblast invasion and proliferation are among factors driving development of FGR. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) can regulate trophoblast function. We assessed the significance of circRNAs underlying FGR development. Materials and methods Next generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out to quantify levels of circRNAs in placenta tissues with and without FGR. In vitro experiments including transfection, (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2Htetrazolium) (MTS) assays, flow cytometry analyses, Transwell assays, wound healing assays, western blotting, qRT-PCR, dual-luciferase assays, immunofluorescence staining, and RIP assay were performed. Results There were 18 differentially expressed circRNAs between FGR placentas and uncomplicated pregnancies, while levels of hsa-circ-0005238 were markedly low in FGR placentas. Our in vitro experiments further revealed that hsa-circ-0005238 suppressed apoptosis and enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion of trophoblast cell lines. The hsa-miR-370-3p was identified as a direct target of hsa-circ-0005238. Mechanistically, hsa-miR-370-3p prevents invasion as well as migration of trophoblast cells by downregulating CDC25B. Conclusion The hsa-circ-0005238 modulates FGR pathogenesis by inhibiting trophoblast cell invasion and migration through sponging hsa-miR-370-3p. Hence, targeting this circRNA may be an attractive strategy for FGR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuomin Huang
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Litong Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Quanfu Zhang
- Shenzhen Baoan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Depeng Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,Depeng Zhao,
| | - Jilong Yao
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Jilong Yao,
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Wu Z, Yu X, Zhang S, He Y, Guo W. Mechanism underlying circRNA dysregulation in the TME of digestive system cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:951561. [PMID: 36238299 PMCID: PMC9550895 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a new series of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) that have been reported to be expressed in eukaryotic cells and have a variety of biological functions in the regulation of cancer pathogenesis and progression. The TME, as a microscopic ecological environment, consists of a variety of cells, including tumor cells, immune cells and other normal cells, ECM and a large number of signaling molecules. The crosstalk between circRNAs and the TME plays a complicated role in affecting the malignant behaviors of digestive system cancers. Herein, we summarize the mechanisms underlying aberrant circRNA expression in the TME of the digestive system cancers, including immune surveillance, angiogenesis, EMT, and ECM remodelling. The regulation of the TME by circRNA is expected to be a new therapeutic method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenzhi Guo, ; Yuting He,
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenzhi Guo, ; Yuting He,
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Pallozzi M, Di Tommaso N, Maccauro V, Santopaolo F, Gasbarrini A, Ponziani FR, Pompili M. Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Immunotherapy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194631. [PMID: 36230554 PMCID: PMC9559710 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The search for non-invasive biomarkers is a hot topic in modern oncology, since a tissue biopsy has significant limitations in terms of cost and invasiveness. The treatment perspectives have been significantly improved after the approval of immunotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma; therefore, the quick identification of responders is crucial to define the best therapeutic strategy. In this review, the current knowledge on the available non-invasive biomarkers of the response to immunotherapy is described. Abstract The treatment perspectives of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have deeply changed after the introduction of immunotherapy. The results in responders show improved survival compared with Sorafenib, but only one-third of patients achieve a significant benefit from treatment. As the tumor microenvironment exerts a central role in shaping the response to immunotherapy, the future goal of HCC treatment should be to identify a proxy of the hepatic tissue condition that is easy to use in clinical practice. Therefore, the search for biomarkers that are accurate in predicting prognosis will be the hot topic in the therapeutic management of HCC in the near future. Understanding the mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy may expand the patient population that will benefit from it, and help researchers to find new combination regimens to improve patients’ outcomes. In this review, we describe the current knowledge on the prognostic non-invasive biomarkers related to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors, focusing on serological markers and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pallozzi
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Natalia Di Tommaso
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Maccauro
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Santopaolo
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Translational Medicine and Surgery Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Ponziani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Translational Medicine and Surgery Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.R.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology-Hepatology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Translational Medicine and Surgery Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.R.P.); (M.P.)
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Yu H, Liu Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Sun J, Liu L. Circ_0005397 enhances hepatocellular carcinoma progression through miR-1283/HEG1. Ann Hepatol 2022; 27:100712. [PMID: 35500803 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2022.100712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Circular RNA (circRNA) has been confirmed to be an important regulator for the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role and regulatory mechanism of circ_0005397 in HCC are not completely clear. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty HCC patients were included in this study. Reverse transcription-qPCR analysis was used to appraise circ_0005397, microRNA (miR)-1283, HEG homolog 1 (HEG1) mRNA expression levels, while western blot was used to identify HEG1, PCNA, Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression levels. Furthermore, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and angiogenesis were judged through cell counting kit-8 assay, EdU assay, Caspase3 activity test, flow cytometry, transwell assay and tube formation experiment. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-1283 and circ_0005397 or HEG1. Finally, the effect of circ_0005397 on HCC tumor development was detected by mice experiments in vivo. RESULTS Circ_0005397 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cells, in HCC cell lines. Circ_0005397 silencing inhibited proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis, while induced apoptosis in HCC cells. Circ_0005397 could sponge miR-1283, and miR-1283 could target HEG1. MiR-1283 inhibitor incompletely counteracted the effect of si-circ_0005397 on HCC cell progression, while HEG1 overexpression partially overturned the effect of miR-1283 on HCC cell progression. Circ_0005397 regulated the expression of HEG1 through targeting miR-1283. Moreover, circ_0005397 silencing blocked the growth of HCC tumors in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Circ_0005397 regulated HEG1 by targeting miR-1283, thereby promoting HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Yu
- Department of Hepatology, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Youde Liu
- Department of Hepatology, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Yanna Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Hepatology, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Hepatology, Yantai Qishan Hospital, Yantai 264001, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, No. 20, Yuhuangding East Road, Zhifu District, Yantai 264000, China.
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Non-coding RNAs in EMT regulation: Association with tumor progression and therapy response. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 932:175212. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Tian Q, Wu T, Zhang X, Xu K, Yin X, Wang X, Shi S, Wang P, Gao L, Xu S, Liu X. Immunomodulatory functions of the circ_001678/miRNA-326/ZEB1 axis in non-small cell lung cancer via the regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:4094-4106. [PMID: 35848890 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput circRNA sequencing identified circRNA_001678 (circ_001678) as an upregulated circRNA in NSCLC tissues. Hence, the current study sought to investigate the function and the underlying mechanism of circRNA_001678 in immune escape of NSCLC. Briefly, commercially purchased NSCLC cell lines were adopted for in vitro experiment to evaluate the effects of circ_001678 over-expression or knockdown on cell biological functions, including proliferation, migration, and invasive abilities. In addition, the effects of circ_001678 on the in vivo tumorigenicity ability were evaluated for verification. Accordingly, we uncovered that circ_001678 over-expression augmented NSCLC progression in vitro and enhanced tumorigenicity ability in vivo. The interaction between circ_001678 and miR-326 predicted online was verified by means of luciferase and RNA pull-down assays. Furthermore, circ_001678 could sponge miR-326 to up-regulate ZEB1. On the other hand, the tumor-promoting effects of circ_001678 could be inhibited by anti-PD-L1/PD-1 treatment. Mechanistically, circ_001678 led to the activation of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to promote CD8+ T cell apoptosis, thereby inducing NSCLC cell immune escape via regulation of the miR-326/ZEB1 axis. To conclude, our findings revealed that circ_001678 sponges miR-326 to up-regulate ZEB1 expression and induce the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway-dependent immune escape, thereby promoting the malignant progression of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tian
- Department of Respiratory, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- Graduate School of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, P.R. China
| | - Xiudi Zhang
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Ke Xu
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Yin
- Department of Respiratory, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Respiratory, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Shi
- Department of Respiratory, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Liming Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P.R. China
| | - Shufeng Xu
- Department of Respiratory, the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050047, P.R. China
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Yang L, Wang L, Tang Q, Liu Y, Meng C, Sun S, Chong Y, Zhang Y, Feng F. Hsa_circ_0093884 bound to RNA-binding protein RPS3 ameliorates hepatocyte inflammation in anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury by competitively activating SIRT1. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109018. [PMID: 35816943 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ADLI) is one of the main factors hindering the efficacy of routine chemotherapy against tuberculosis. Understanding the mechanism of ADLI will aid in the effective treatment of patients with tuberculosis. Recently, we found that the expression of hsa_circ_0093884, a circular RNA derived from the NAD-dependent deacetylase, sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), was down-regulated in ADLI. Hsa_circ_0093884 was negatively correlated with the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and its overexpression increased the expression levels of NLRP3, interleukin-1β, and caspase-1. Mechanistically, RNA immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays revealed that the ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3) could bind to hsa_circ_0093884 and SIRT1. Additionally, the expression of hsa_circ_0093884 was positively correlated with that of SIRT1, and the upregulation of hsa_circ_0093884 expression was crucial for the upregulation of SIRT1 expression. We confirmed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SIRT1 were influenced by hsa_circ_0093884 and RPS3. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0093884 recruited RPS3 to increase SIRT1 mRNA and protein levels. Importantly, we found a marked decrease in the upregulating effect of hsa_circ_0093884 on SIRT1 owing to RPS3 depletion. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to reveal that hsa_circ_0093884 regulates SIRT1 expression and inhibits the inflammatory response by binding to RPS3 in ADLI, which may be used to develop novel strategies for ADLI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luming Yang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
| | - Qinyan Tang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
| | - Chunyan Meng
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
| | - Shufeng Sun
- College of Nursing and Rehabilitation, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
| | - Yingzhi Chong
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
| | - Yiyang Zhang
- Lubei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tangshan City, Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, China.
| | - Fumin Feng
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China; School of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063210, China.
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Guo L, Jia L, Luo L, Xu X, Xiang Y, Ren Y, Ren D, Shen L, Liang T. Critical Roles of Circular RNA in Tumor Metastasis via Acting as a Sponge of miRNA/isomiR. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137024. [PMID: 35806027 PMCID: PMC9267010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of new endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are closely related to the carcinogenic process and play a critical role in tumor metastasis. CircRNAs can lay the foundation for tumor metastasis via promoting tumor angiogenesis, make tumor cells gain the ability of migration and invasion by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), interact with immune cells, cytokines, chemokines, and other non-cellular components in the tumor microenvironment, damage the normal immune function or escape the immunosuppressive network, and further promote cell survival and metastasis. Herein, based on the characteristics and biological functions of circRNA, we elaborated on the effect of circRNA via circRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network by acting as miRNA/isomiR sponges on tumor angiogenesis, cancer cell migration and invasion, and interaction with the tumor microenvironment (TME), then explored the potential interactions across different RNAs, and finally discussed the potential clinical value and application as a promising biomarker. These results provide a theoretical basis for the further application of metastasis-related circRNAs in cancer treatment. In summary, we briefly summarize the diverse roles of a circRNA-associated ceRNA network in cancer metastasis and the potential clinical application, especially the interaction of circRNA and miRNA/isomiR, which may complicate the RNA regulatory network and which will contribute to a novel insight into circRNA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Lin Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.J.); (L.L.); (X.X.); (L.S.)
| | - Lulu Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.J.); (L.L.); (X.X.); (L.S.)
| | - Xinru Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.J.); (L.L.); (X.X.); (L.S.)
| | - Yangyang Xiang
- Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Yujie Ren
- Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Dekang Ren
- Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.G.); (Y.X.); (Y.R.); (D.R.)
| | - Lulu Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.J.); (L.L.); (X.X.); (L.S.)
| | - Tingming Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; (L.J.); (L.L.); (X.X.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu LY, Jiang D, Qu Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Yang S, Xie X, Wu S, Zhou H, Xu G. Potential and functional prediction of six circular RNAs as diagnostic markers for colorectal cancer. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13420. [PMID: 35611168 PMCID: PMC9124462 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been discovered in colorectal cancer (CRC), but there are few reports on the expression distribution and functional mining analysis of circRNAs. Methods Differentially expressed circRNAs in CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were screened and identified by microarray and qRT-PCR. ROC curves of the six circRNAs were analyzed. A series of bioinformatics analyses on differentially expressed circRNAs were performed. Results A total of 207 up-regulated and 357 down-regulated circRNAs in CRC were screened, and three top up-regulated and down-regulated circRNAs were chosen to be verified in 33 pairs of CRCs by qRT-PCR. 6 circRNAs showed high diagnostic values (AUC = 0.6860, AUC = 0.8127, AUC = 0.7502, AUC = 0.9945, AUC = 0.9642, AUC = 0.9486 for hsa_circRNA_100833, hsa_circRNA_103828, hsa_circRNA_103831 and hsa_circRNA_103752, hsa_circRNA_071106, hsa_circRNA_102293). A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network (cirReNET) including six candidate circRNAs, 19 miRNAs and 210 mRNA was constructed, and the functions of the cirReNET were predicted and displayed via Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses on these mRNAs and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the hub genes acquired by string and CytoHubba. Conclusion A cirReNET containing potential diagnostic and predictive indicators of CRCs and several critical circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axes (cirReAXEs) in CRC were mined, and may provide a novel route to study the mechanism and clinical targets of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li yuan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Institute of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Jiang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Institute of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuliang Qu
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yanting Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Shaoqi Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaoliang Xie
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Shan Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Haijin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Institute of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guangxian Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Institute of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Najafi S. Circular RNAs as emerging players in cervical cancer tumorigenesis; A review to roles and biomarker potentials. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:939-953. [PMID: 35318084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most lethal gynecological cancer among women worldwide. Most of the patients are diagnosed at the advanced stages due to late diagnosis and lack of accessible and valuable approaches for early detection of the disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a distinguishable class of non-coding RNAs with characteristic loop structures. Although their function has not been completely elucidated; however, recent evidence has suggested regulatory functions for circRNAs on gene expression controlling various biological functions like cell growth and apoptosis, development, embryogenesis, and pathogenesis of human diseases particularly cancers. Studies show the role of dysregulated circRNAs in biological processes including cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance contributing to affect tumorigenesis in ovarian cancer cells, animal, and clinical studies. These effects can be defined as consistent with several tumorigenesis characteristics, which are defined as "hallmarks of cancer". Additionally, dysregulated circRNAs exhibit prognostic, and diagnostic potentials both in the prediction of prognosis in ovarian cancer patients, and also their discrimination from healthy individuals. Furthermore, targeting circRNAs has shown positive results in the suppression of malignant features of cancer cells, and also in overcoming chemoresistance. In this review, I have gathered the majority of studies evaluating the role of circRNAs in the development, and progression of cervical cancer, and also have discussed prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic potentials of circRNAs for clinical applications in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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36
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Wang P, Zhang Y, Deng L, Qu Z, Guo P, Liu L, Yu Z, Wang P, Liu N. The function and regulation network mechanism of circRNA in liver diseases. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:141. [PMID: 35361205 PMCID: PMC8973545 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02559-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA), a new type of endogenous non-coding RNA, is abundantly present in eukaryotic cells, and characterized as stable high conservation and tissue specific expression. It has been generated increasing attention because of their close association with the progress of diseases. The liver is the vital organ of humans, while it is prone to acute and chronic diseases due to the influence of multiple pathogenic factors. Moreover, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the one of most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Overwhelming evidences indicate that some circRNAs are differentially expressed in liver diseases, such as, HCC, chronic hepatitis B, hepatic steatosis and hepatoblastoma tissues, etc. Additionally, these circRNAs are related to proliferation, invasion, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and metastasis of cell in liver diseases and act as oncogenic agents or suppressors, and linked to clinical manifestations. In this review, we briefly summarize the biogenesis, characterization and biological functions, recent detection and identification technologies of circRNA, and regulation network mechanism of circRNA in liver diseases, and discuss their potential values as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for liver diseases, especially on HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China.,South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhuan Zhang
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lugang Deng
- South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Qu
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peisen Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China.,South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China.,South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengli Yu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peixi Wang
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 540001, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Chronic Disease Risks Assessment, School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People's Republic of China. .,South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People's Republic of China.
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Sun Z, Xue C, Li J, Zhao H, Du Y, Du N. LINC00244 suppresses cell growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma by downregulating programmed cell death ligand 1. Bioengineered 2022; 13:7635-7647. [PMID: 35266439 PMCID: PMC8974003 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2050073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in suppressing antitumor immune responses has been widely reported, and recent studies showed that PD-L1 also plays an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), determination of tumor cell phenotypes, metastasis, and drug resistance. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of epigenetic regulatory processes. The tumorigenesis and development of most cancers cannot be studied separately from their regulation by lncRNAs. To explore the epigenetic regulation of PD-L1, we identified an lncRNA, LINC00244, which reduced PD-L1 expression and predicted good clinical outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). LINC00244 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of HCC by downregulating PD-L1 expression. In addition, low LINC00244 expression activated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways and facilitated the rapid growth and metastasis of HCC cells. Thus, LINC00244 is a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Sun
- Department of Oncology, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyuan Xue
- Department of Genetic Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangbo Li
- Department of Genetic Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Yimeng Du
- Department of Genetic Engineering Lab, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Du
- Department of Oncology, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, Beijing, China
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Ke Y, Su S, Duan C, Wang Y, Cao G, Fang Z, Tuo Y, Li W, Wang Z, Zhang S. Hsa_circ_0076931 suppresses malignant biological properties, down-regulates miR-6760-3p through direct binding, and up-regulates CCBE1 in glioma. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20211895. [PMID: 34931668 PMCID: PMC8738865 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in gliomas is as yet unknown. The present study explored role of hsa_circ_0076931 in glioma. circRNA expression profiles were identified via RNA-seq followed by qRT-PCR validation in three pairs of glioma and normal brain tissues (NBT). The function of hsa_circ_0076931 was investigated in vitro using cell lines as well as in vivo using a xenograft tumor. Hsa_circ_0076931 was up-regulated by overexpression and an mRNA profile compared with wild-type was identified by RNA-seq. The relationship between miR-6760-3p and hsa_circ_0076931 or CCBE1 was confirmed via luciferase reporter or AGO2-RIP assays. A total of 507 circRNAs were identified in glioma tissues that were differentially expressed compared with that in NBT, and the sequencing data were deposited in BioProject (ID: PRJNA746438). Hsa_circ_0007694 and hsa_circ_0008016 were memorably increased whereas hsa_circ_0076931 and hsa_circ_0076948 decreased in glioma compared with those in NBT. Additionally, hsa_circ_0076931 expression was negatively correlated with histological grade. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0076931 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis of glioma cells. A total of 4383 and 537 aberrantly expressed genes were identified between the hsa_circ_0076931-overexpressed and control groups in H4 and U118-MG cells, respectively; the sequencing data were deposited in BioProject (ID: PRJNA746438). These differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in cancer-related pathways. In addition, elevated hsa_circ_0076931 levels induced the expression of CCBE1 while suppressing miR-6760-3p expression. miR-6760-3p can bind to hsa_circ_0076931. The experimental evidence supports using hsa_circ_0076931 as a marker for glioma and to help prevent malignant progression. The mechanism might be relevant to miR-6760-3p and CCBE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Ke
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixing Su
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuanzhi Duan
- Neurosurgery Center, Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Yezhong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Guobin Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Zelu Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonghua Tuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaotao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China
| | - Shizhen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong, China
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Luo YH, Yang YP, Chien CS, Yarmishyn AA, Adekunle Ishola A, Chien Y, Chen YM, Tsai PH, Lin TW, Wang ML, Chiou SH. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000190 Facilitates the Tumorigenesis and Immune Evasion by Upregulating the Expression of Soluble PD-L1 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010064. [PMID: 35008490 PMCID: PMC8744551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer in Taiwan and throughout the world. Immunotherapy has revealed promising and significant efficacy in NSCLC, through immune checkpoint inhibition by blocking programmed cell death protein (PD)-1/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) signaling pathway to restore patients’ T-cell immunity. One novel type of long, non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs (circRNAs), are endogenous, stable, and widely expressed in tissues, saliva, blood, urine, and exosomes. Our previous results revealed that the plasma level of hsa_circ_0000190 can be monitored by liquid-biopsy-based droplet digital PCR and may serve as a valuable blood-based biomarker to monitor the disease progression and the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this study, hsa_circ_0000190 was shown to increase the PD-L1 mRNA-mediated soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) expression, consequently interfering with the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 antibody and T-cell activation, which may result in immunotherapy resistance and poor outcome. Our results unraveled that hsa_circ_0000190 facilitated the tumorigenesis and immune evasion of NSCLC by upregulating sPD-L1 expression, potentially developing a different aspect in elucidating the molecular immunopathogenesis of NSCLC. Hsa_circ_0000190 upregulation can be an effective indicator for the progression of NSCLC, and hsa_circ_0000190 downregulation may possess a potential therapeutic value for the treatment of NSCLC in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hung Luo
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Aliaksandr A. Yarmishyn
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Afeez Adekunle Ishola
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Yuh-Min Chen
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (Y.-M.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Tzu-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (M.-L.W.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (C.-S.C.); (A.A.Y.); (A.A.I.); (Y.C.); (P.-H.T.); (T.-W.L.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2875-7394
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Hui Y, Jin D, Leng J, Liu D, Yuan P, Tang C, Wang Q. Hsa_circ_0007059 sponges miR-421 to repress cell growth and stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma by the PTEN-AKT/mTOR pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 229:153692. [PMID: 34847369 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a substantial health concern worldwide. Increasing studies have suggested that circle RNAs (circRNAs) function as new regulators in HCC progression. The present work explored the role of hsa_circ_0007059 (circ_0007059) in the developing process of hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS The circ_0007059 level in HCC was determined by reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and northern blot. Its biological role in HCC cells was assessed using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell, sphere formation and western blotting analyses. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to test the regulatory mechanisms of circ_0007059. RESULTS Our results revealed that circ_0007059 expression was downregulated in HCC samples and cells. Moreover, circ_0007059 overexpression inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and stem cell-like property, and strengthened cell apoptosis. In mechanism, circ_0007059 suppressed AKT/mTOR pathway by positively regulating phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression. Additionally, circ_0007059 acted as a positive regulator of PTEN through controlling the availability of miR-421. Rescue assays demonstrated that PTEN knockdown or SC79 (AKT agonist) eliminated the effect of circ_0007059 on HCC cell phenotypes. CONCLUSION Circ_0007059 sponges miR-421 to inhibit oncogenic cellular process in HCC by mediating the PTEN-AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Hui
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Dong Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Junzhi Leng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Chaofeng Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, PR China.
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Zhang C, Peng L, Ji J, Jiao W. [Research Progress of Circular RNAs in Tumor Immunotherapy]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2021; 24:698-704. [PMID: 34628781 PMCID: PMC8560983 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2021.101.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy is a new therapy which developed in recent years, it has greatly changed the therapeutic schedules and brought new options for patients. However, not all patients can have obvious therapeutic effects after using immunotherapy. So selecting more suitable patients and raising immunotherapy effect are worthy to discuss. With the research of circular RNAs (circRNAs), circRNAs have been found that they not only play a significant role in the field of tumor markers, tumor progression and prognosis, but also can abnormally express in a variety of tumors and affect tumor immunity. Therefore, the circRNAs expression may not only can be used as a supplementary method for selecting patients, but also can be used to predict the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. In this article, we summarize current knowledge on circRNAs abnormally expressed in many cancers, especially lung cancer which can affect tumor immunity, and discuss its potential effects in tumor immunotherapy, and we hope to provide more references for the clinical practice of circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingbin Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenjie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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