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Ishikawa M, Morinaga Y, Haraikawa M, Akiyama Y, Sasaki K, Horie S, Yoshiike N, Yamazaki Y, Yokoyama T. Gap between the concerns of healthcare professionals and parents' perceptions regarding dietary habits for 18-month- and 3-year-old children in Japan. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1891. [PMID: 37777710 PMCID: PMC10544123 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A gap has been reported between healthcare professionals' (hereafter "professionals") recognition of preschool children's diets and parents' perception of concern. This study investigated the gap between the concerns reported by professionals and parents' perceptions regarding health and dietary habits by age (18 months and 3 years) and gender in Japan. METHODS The study design consisted of a cross-sectional, multilevel survey. The request letters were sent to all households with target children with the cooperation of local governments. After obtaining written informed consent from parents, questionnaires were distributed to them. The survey included 30 items on children's concerns about health and dietary habits. At the health checkup, parents indicated whether they were concerned in response to each item, and responded child's height and weight and birth height and weight. Next, the professionals provided counseling to the parents at a health checkup. After that, the professionals noted their concerns in response to the same 30 items as those given to parents. The participation rates were 82.9% (18 months) and 82.8% (3 years). Data of 239 persons for 18 months and 223 persons for 3 years old were analyzed. In the statistical analysis, the items that were judged as concerning by professionals but not by parents were identified; likewise, the items that were of concern to parents but not to professionals were identified. Sensitivity, false negative rate, specificity, false positive rate, and Youden index were calculated to analyze the discordance rate for each item. RESULTS Many parents in this study were concerned about the issues that professionals did not consider to be concerning. Moreover, the parents worried about more issues for 3-year-olds than for 18-month-olds. The items for which ≥ 10 professionals indicated concerns and with higher discordance between the professionals and parents for both boys and girls were "picky eating" for 18-month-olds and "inconsistent amount of food" for 3-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS The concerns that professionals have with respect to children's diets and the things that parents worry about show gaps. It might be necessary to provide professional counseling for parents to develop a correct understanding of their children's dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Ishikawa
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Morinaga
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja-Shi, Okayama, 719-1197, Japan
| | - Mayu Haraikawa
- Department of Child Studies, Faculty of Education, Seitoku University, 550 Iwase, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8555, Japan
| | - Yuka Akiyama
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Kemal Sasaki
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Jissen Women's University, 4-1-1 Osakaue, Hino, Tokyo, 191-8510, Japan
| | - Saki Horie
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yoshiike
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, 58-1 Mase, Hamadate, Aomori, 030-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamazaki
- Child Health Center, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, 426-7 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8710, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yokoyama
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan
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Associations between Cooking at Home and Nutrient and Food Group Intake among Female University Students: A Cross-Sectional Analysis on Living Arrangements. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041029. [PMID: 36839386 PMCID: PMC9958962 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study examined the association between cooking frequency and nutrient and food group intake among female university students with different living arrangements in Japan. Nutrient and food group intakes were assessed using a validated, brief, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Cooking frequency was measured using a single question on a five-point scale. The questionnaire also asked about living arrangements. Of the 91 respondents, 75 females were analyzed. Regarding cooking frequency, cooking at least 1-2 days a week was classified as cooking, and the "cooking yet living with families" group was compared with the "not cooking and living with families" and "cooking and living alone" groups. Based on the intakes of the "cooking yet living with families" group, the "not cooking and living with families" group consumed more total fat (29.5% energy vs. 33.0% energy, p = 0.010) and fewer cereals (224.8 g/1000 kcal vs. 179.6 g/1000 kcal, p = 0.007), and the "cooking and living alone" group consumed more confectionaries (21.0 g/1000 kcal vs. 34.5 g/1000 kcal, p = 0.023). This study showed that female university students who cook at least once a week and live with their families may have better diet quality than those who do not cook and live with their families and those who cook and live alone.
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Bookari K. A cross-sectional exploratory study of food literacy among Saudi parents of adolescent children aged 10 to 19 years. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1083118. [PMID: 36687688 PMCID: PMC9853415 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1083118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parental food literacy is fundamental in laying a solid foundation for healthy eating among their children. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the current state of food literacy among Saudi parents of 10-19 years old adolescent children, and (2) determine the correlates associated with parental food literacy. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2022, with a convenience sample of 1845 Saudi parents (mean age = 45.1 ± 11; mothers: 56%). A Short Food Literacy Questionnaire (SFLQ) was used to meet the study aims. Results Findings showed that around 46% of parents had poor food literacy. Fathers were 2.4 times more likely than mothers to be food illiterate (OR = 2.4, CI = 1.9-3.0, p < 0.001). Parents residing in Riyadh, Northern borders, Jawf, or Ha'il had a three times higher risk of being food illiterate than those residing in other provinces (OR = 3.2, CI = 2.6-3.9, p < 0.001). Parental overweight or obesity increased their risk of being food illiterate by 60% (OR = 1.6, CI = 1.3-2.1, p < 0.001). Healthy parents, in contrast to those having a chronic disease (s), had a 60% higher probability of food illiteracy (OR = 0.4, CI = 0.3-0.6, p < 0.001). Educated parents had a three times higher risk of being food illiterate (vs. uneducated parents, OR = 3.0, CI = 1.6-5.8, p = 0.001). Parents making less than 3000 Saudi Riyal (SR) per month (<798 USD/779 EUR) were 40% more likely to be food illiterate than those who reported 3000-25000 SR (798-6652 USD/779-6499 EUR) (OR = 0.6, CI = 0.4-0.9, p = 0.02), and 70% more likely to be food illiterate than those making more than 25000 SR (>6652 USD/6497 EUR) (OR = 0.3, CI = 0.2-0.6, p < 0.001). Parents who lived in crowded households were twice as likely to be food illiterate as those who did not (OR = 1.9, CI = 1.5-2.4, p < 0.001). Conclusion The current study findings should be employed in future programming and policy-making approaches to reach Saudi parents for necessary food literacy interventions. These interventions could include bolstering their confidence while cooking, buying groceries, reading nutrition labels, and integrating them into nutrition education lessons with their children in school settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khlood Bookari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia,National Nutrition Committee (NNC), Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Khlood Bookari,
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Thorsteinsdottir S, Njardvik U, Bjarnason R, Olafsdottir AS. Changes in Eating Behaviors Following Taste Education Intervention: Focusing on Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Their Families: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:4000. [PMID: 36235654 PMCID: PMC9571701 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fussy-eating children often display problematic behaviors around mealtimes, such as irritation, opposition, or may even throw tantrums. This may lead to reduced food variety and poor nutritional profiles, which may increase parents' worries about their children's diet, particularly when the children also have neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD). To investigate the effect of Taste Education on problematic mealtime behaviors, 81 children aged 8-12 years, with ND (n = 33) and without (n = 48), and their parents, participated in a 7-week Taste Education intervention. Children were matched on age, sex, and ND, and allocated at random into Immediate-intervention and Delayed-intervention groups. Parents completed the Meals in Our Household Questionnaire (MiOH). To examine changes in MiOH-scores, repeated-measures analysis-of-variance with time-points were used, with condition as factors (Immediate intervention and Delayed intervention). Baseline measures were adjusted for, and a robust linear mixed-model was fitted. Results showed superior outcomes for Intervention compared to waiting on all measures of MiOH, with stable effects through six-month follow-up. Differences were non-significant between children with and without ND. The Taste Education program suggests a promising, simple, and non-intrusive way to reduce children's problematic mealtime behaviors in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, Stakkahlid, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Urdur Njardvik
- Faculty of Psychology, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Saemundargata 12, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ragnar Bjarnason
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Laeknagardur 4th Floor, Vatnsmyrarvegur 16, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Pediatrics, National University Hospital, Hringbraut, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anna S. Olafsdottir
- Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, School of Education, University of Iceland, Stakkahlid, 105 Reykjavik, Iceland
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Abstract
Objective: To identify the relationship between preschool children’s dietary diversity and parents’ care behaviours related to their diet including contents of foods and snacks, mealtime practice and parent–child communication. Design: Cross-sectional study. Data were extracted from the National Nutrition Survey on Preschool Children in 2015 by Japan’s Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Setting: The distribution of food diversity score (FDS) (maximum of eight points) was confirmed. The participants were divided into higher (≥4 points) and lower (≤3 points) food diversity groups. A comparison between the two groups examined parents’ socio-economic status, children’s health and living conditions, and parental care concerning children’s diets (thirteen items). A multiple regression analysis was performed relating FDS to the factors of parental socio-economic status and child health, and a logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors of parental care related to the higher food diversity group. Participants: 2143 persons from households with children aged 2–6 years. Results: Parental care concerning children’s diets was the factor most strongly associated with children’s FDS. Those factors most strongly associated with higher food diversity were nutritional balance of foods (OR: 1·76; 95 % CI 1·44, 2·16; P < 0 0001), snack contents (OR: 1·41; 95 % CI 1·07, 1·86; P = 0·014) and regular mealtimes (OR: 1·30; 95 % CI 1·08, 1·55; P = 0·005). Conclusions: The findings indicate the importance of parents paying attention to the contents of children’s foods and snacks, ensuring that children eat regularly, and increasing the diversity of their diets.
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Sanlier N, Ulusoy HG, Kocabaş S, Çelik B, Göbel P, Yilmaz S. Mediterranean Diet Adherence among Preschoolers and its Association with Parents' Beliefs, Attitudes, and Practices. Ecol Food Nutr 2020; 60:225-243. [PMID: 33048584 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2020.1833874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The effect of parents on nutritional habits in preschool children is undeniable. It is known that parental control in child nutrition can affect the child's eating habits, and bodyweight. Mediterranean Diet (MD) adherence of children (KIDMED), parents' beliefs, attitudes and practices (Preschool Feeding Questionnaire-PFQ2) were investigated. The questionnaire prepared was applied by researchers face-to-face to 1413 families who agreed to participate voluntarily in the research with preschool children. Parental beliefs, attitudes, and practices regarding child nutrition status of parents were evaluated using 39-item PFQ2 and their child's eating habits using the 16-item KIDMED index. Children's KIDMED scores were found optimal in 34.1%, average in 57.0%, very low in 8.9%. The KIDMED scores of children whose parents are together (6.6 ± 2.1) were found to be significantly higher than children whose parents are separated (4.9 ± 2.2) (p <.001). A correlation was found between the KIDMED scores of the children, the parental control (r = 0.156, p <.001), maternal restriction (r = 0.104, p <.001), and structured feeding (r = 0.162, p <.001). Unfortunately, the adherence of most preschool children with the MD which considered a healthy diet pattern was found below the optimal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevin Sanlier
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hande Gül Ulusoy
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sule Kocabaş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bulent Çelik
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pınar Göbel
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sine Yilmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
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