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Russo DO, Jimenez ALL, Diniz LMO, Cardoso CA, Romanelli RMDC. Missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis: a scoping review. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2024:S0021-7557(24)00006-8. [PMID: 38301735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Identify potential barriers, delays, and missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of childhood TB. METHODS Scoping review according to the PRISMA extension. The definitions considered for the selection followed the acronym PCC where the population (P) is children under 18 years of age with TB disease, the concept (C) refers to missed opportunities for prevention and diagnosis, and context (C) is defined as a diagnosis of TB disease. The authors searched systematically in the databases; VHL/Lilacs, Medline via PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science, without date or language limitation. RESULTS Seven studies were included. In developed countries, with low disease burden, the main shortcoming is the delay in diagnosing bacilliferous adults in contact with young children. This problem is concentrated in the portion of the population with socioeconomic vulnerability. In underdeveloped countries, with a high burden of disease, the biggest challenge is tracking children who come into contact with bacilliferous patients. CONCLUSIONS There are still many missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of childhood TB. The positive legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic should be taken advantage of and the encouragement of scientific development in the management of infectious diseases should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Otoni Russo
- Hospital Infantil João Paulo II, Departamento de Infectologia Pediátrica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | | | - Lilian Martins Oliveira Diniz
- Hospital Infantil João Paulo II, Departamento de Infectologia Pediátrica, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Claudete Araújo Cardoso
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento Materno-Infantil, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Robles AS, Piple AS, DeSanto DJ, Lamb A, Gibbs SJ, Heckmann ND, Marecek GS. Standard versus low-dose computed tomography for assessment of acetabular fracture reduction using novel step and gap measurement technique. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2023; 33:3703-3709. [PMID: 37311829 PMCID: PMC10651530 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Quality of reduction is of paramount importance after acetabular fracture and is best assessed on computed tomography (CT). A recently proposed measurement technique for assessment of step and gap displacement is reproducible but has not been validated. The purpose of this study is to validate a well-established measurement technique against known displacements and to determine if it can be used with low dose CT. METHODS Posterior wall acetabular fractures were created in 8 cadaveric hips and fixed at known step and gap displacements. CT was performed at multiple radiation doses for each hip. Four surgeons measured step and gap displacement for each hip at all doses, and the measurements were compared to known values. RESULTS There were no significant differences in measurements across surgeons, and all measurements were found to have positive agreement. Measurement error < 1.5 mm was present in 58% of gap measurements and 46% of step measurements. Only for step measurements at a dose of 120 kVp did we observe a statistically significant measurement error. There was a significant difference in step measurements made by those with greater and those with fewer years in practice. CONCLUSION Our study suggests this technique is valid and accurate across all doses. This is important as it may reduce the amount of radiation exposure for patients with acetabular fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrianna S Robles
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Amit S Piple
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Donald J DeSanto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Lamb
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Nathanael D Heckmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Geoffrey S Marecek
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Ishikawa M, Morinaga Y, Haraikawa M, Akiyama Y, Sasaki K, Horie S, Yoshiike N, Yamazaki Y, Yokoyama T. Gap between the concerns of healthcare professionals and parents' perceptions regarding dietary habits for 18-month- and 3-year-old children in Japan. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1891. [PMID: 37777710 PMCID: PMC10544123 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A gap has been reported between healthcare professionals' (hereafter "professionals") recognition of preschool children's diets and parents' perception of concern. This study investigated the gap between the concerns reported by professionals and parents' perceptions regarding health and dietary habits by age (18 months and 3 years) and gender in Japan. METHODS The study design consisted of a cross-sectional, multilevel survey. The request letters were sent to all households with target children with the cooperation of local governments. After obtaining written informed consent from parents, questionnaires were distributed to them. The survey included 30 items on children's concerns about health and dietary habits. At the health checkup, parents indicated whether they were concerned in response to each item, and responded child's height and weight and birth height and weight. Next, the professionals provided counseling to the parents at a health checkup. After that, the professionals noted their concerns in response to the same 30 items as those given to parents. The participation rates were 82.9% (18 months) and 82.8% (3 years). Data of 239 persons for 18 months and 223 persons for 3 years old were analyzed. In the statistical analysis, the items that were judged as concerning by professionals but not by parents were identified; likewise, the items that were of concern to parents but not to professionals were identified. Sensitivity, false negative rate, specificity, false positive rate, and Youden index were calculated to analyze the discordance rate for each item. RESULTS Many parents in this study were concerned about the issues that professionals did not consider to be concerning. Moreover, the parents worried about more issues for 3-year-olds than for 18-month-olds. The items for which ≥ 10 professionals indicated concerns and with higher discordance between the professionals and parents for both boys and girls were "picky eating" for 18-month-olds and "inconsistent amount of food" for 3-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS The concerns that professionals have with respect to children's diets and the things that parents worry about show gaps. It might be necessary to provide professional counseling for parents to develop a correct understanding of their children's dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Ishikawa
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Morinaga
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja-Shi, Okayama, 719-1197, Japan
| | - Mayu Haraikawa
- Department of Child Studies, Faculty of Education, Seitoku University, 550 Iwase, Matsudo, Chiba, 271-8555, Japan
| | - Yuka Akiyama
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Kemal Sasaki
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life Sciences, Jissen Women's University, 4-1-1 Osakaue, Hino, Tokyo, 191-8510, Japan
| | - Saki Horie
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan
| | - Nobuo Yoshiike
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, 58-1 Mase, Hamadate, Aomori, 030-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamazaki
- Child Health Center, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, 426-7 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8710, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yokoyama
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, 2-3-6 Minami, Wako, Saitama, 351-0197, Japan
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Minkis K, Bolotin D, Council ML, Bar A, Farah RS, Kibbi N, Miest RYN, Orringer JS, Ortiz A, Suozzi KC, Vashi NA, Yoo SS, Albrecht J, Blalock TW, Bruce AJ, Deng M, Desai S, Eshaq M, Fiessinger LA, Ghareeb E, Greywal T, Hebert AA, Hooper D, Hordinsky M, Hu JC, Jibbe A, Joo J, Kelly KM, Kenkare S, Khetarpal S, Kole LCS, Kourosh AS, Kuhn H, Lee KC, Lucas R, Luke J, Mafee M, Mayo TT, Nawas ZY, Olasz Harken EB, Pearlstein MV, Petronic-Rosic V, Robinson CA, Rogge MN, Saikaly SK, Schenck OL, Schlick CA, Shahabi L, Shipp DM, Shive M, Silapunt S, Stratman EJ, Sulewski R, Suggs AK, Tolaymat L, Ward KHM, Weinstein Velez M, Zeichner J, Kang BY, Ibrahim SA, Christensen RE, Anvery N, Dirr MA, Lawrence N, Alam M. Needs and Gaps in Resident Trainee Education, Clinical Patient Care, and Clinical Research in Cosmetic Dermatology: Position Statement of the Association of Academic Cosmetic Dermatology. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:1755-1762. [PMID: 36463367 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02471-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Cosmetic dermatology is a key subspecialty of academic dermatology. As such, academic centers are expected to demonstrate excellence in the teaching of cosmetic dermatology skills to trainees, the clinical delivery of cosmetic dermatology services to patients, and the performance of clinical research that advances knowledge and uncovers new therapies in cosmetic dermatology. The Association of Academic Cosmetic Dermatology (AACD), a newly formed medical professional society, includes as its principal aims the support of all of these areas. AACD is comprised of group of board-certified dermatologists who teach cosmetic and laser dermatology at US dermatology residency programs. An expert panel constituted by the AACD recently convened a workshop to review gaps pertaining to academic cosmetic dermatology. This panel considered needs and potential corrective initiatives in three domains: resident education, patient experience, and clinical research. The work of the panel was used to develop a roadmap, which was adopted by consensus, and which will serve to guide the AACD moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Minkis
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell/New York Presbyterian, New York, NY, USA
| | - Diana Bolotin
- Section of Dermatology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Laurin Council
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anna Bar
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ronda S Farah
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nour Kibbi
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey S Orringer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arisa Ortiz
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen C Suozzi
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Neelam A Vashi
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simon S Yoo
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair St, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Joerg Albrecht
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Cook County Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Travis W Blalock
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alison J Bruce
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Min Deng
- Department of Dermatology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center/Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shraddha Desai
- Dermatology Institute, Duly Health and Care, Naperville, IL, USA
| | - Milad Eshaq
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lori A Fiessinger
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Erica Ghareeb
- Department of Dermatology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Tanya Greywal
- Division of Dermatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Adelaide A Hebert
- Department of Dermatology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deirdre Hooper
- Department of Dermatology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Audubon Dermatology, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Maria Hordinsky
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jenny C Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Atieh Jibbe
- Division of Dermatology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jayne Joo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Kristen M Kelly
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sonya Kenkare
- Department of Dermatology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Lauren C S Kole
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - A Shadi Kourosh
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helena Kuhn
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kachiu C Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roberta Lucas
- Department of Dermatology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Janiene Luke
- Department of Dermatology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mariam Mafee
- Division of Dermatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Tiffany T Mayo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zeena Y Nawas
- Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Vesna Petronic-Rosic
- Division of Dermatology, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carolyn A Robinson
- Department of Dermatology, San Antonio Uniformed Services Health Education Consortium, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Megan N Rogge
- Department of Dermatology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sami K Saikaly
- Department of Dermatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Olivia L Schenck
- Department of Dermatology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Cynthia A Schlick
- Health Partners Institute and Park Nicollet Clinic, Saint Louis Park, MN, USA
| | - Ladan Shahabi
- Division of Dermatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Desmond M Shipp
- Division of Dermatology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Melissa Shive
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sirunya Silapunt
- Department of Dermatology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erik J Stratman
- Department of Dermatology, Marshfield Clinic Health System, Marshfield, MI, USA
| | - Ronald Sulewski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Amanda K Suggs
- Department of Dermatology, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Leila Tolaymat
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Kimberley H M Ward
- Department of Dermatology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mara Weinstein Velez
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Zeichner
- Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bianca Y Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair St, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Sarah A Ibrahim
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair St, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Rachel E Christensen
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair St, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Noor Anvery
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair St, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - McKenzie A Dirr
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair St, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Naomi Lawrence
- Division of Dermatology, Section of Procedural Dermatology, Cooper Hospital, Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Murad Alam
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair St, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Wang SH, Zhou Q, Chen KY, Ceng CQ, Zhan GD, You C, Xing Y, Zou YY, Deng HZ. Cognitive-adaptive Functioning Gap and Mediating Factors that Impact Adaptive Functioning in Chinese Preschool-aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06029-z. [PMID: 37326789 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06029-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the gap between adaptive functioning and cognitive functioning, especially verbal and nonverbal intelligence quotient (IQ) in Chinese children with ASD. We systematically explored cognitive functioning, ASD severity, early signs of developmental abnormalities, and socioeconomic factors as mediating factors of adaptive functioning. We enrolled 151 children (age: 2.5?6 years) with ASD and categorized them into one group with IQ ≥ 70 and another with IQ < 70. The two groups were calibrated for age, age at diagnosis, and IQ, and the relationship of adaptive skills with vocabulary acquisition index (VAI) and nonverbal index (NVI) were separately analyzed. Results show that the gap between IQ and adaptive functioning was significant in children with ASD having IQ ≥ 70, with both VAI and NVI showing statistically significant differences (all P < 0.001). VAI correlated positively with scores for overall adaptive skills and specific domains, whereas NVI had no significant correlations with adaptive skill scores. Age of first walking unaided had an independent positive correlation (all P < 0.05) with scores of adaptive skills and specific domains. IQ-adaptive functioning gap is significant in children with ASD having IQ ≥ 70, suggesting that defining "high-functioning autism" merely on the basis of IQ is not appropriate. Verbal IQ and early signs of motor development are specific and possible predictors of adaptive functioning in children with ASD, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Huan Wang
- Child Developmental and Behavioral Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China
| | - Kai-Yun Chen
- Child Developmental and Behavioral Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Chao-Qun Ceng
- Child Developmental and Behavioral Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Guo-Dong Zhan
- Child Developmental and Behavioral Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Cong You
- Child Developmental and Behavioral Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yu Xing
- Child Developmental and Behavioral Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zou
- Child Developmental and Behavioral Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hong-Zhu Deng
- Child Developmental and Behavioral Center, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No.600, Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Lim KS, Khoo CS, Fong SL, Tan HJ, Fong CY, Mohamed AR, Rashid AA, Law WC, Shaikh MF, Khalid RA, Yen-Leong Tan R, Ahmad SB, Chinnasami S, Wong SW, Raymond AA. Management of status epilepticus in Malaysia: A national survey of current practice and treatment gap. J Clin Neurosci 2023; 114:25-31. [PMID: 37279626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early and effective treatment is fundamental in status epilepticus (SE) management. At the initiative of the Epilepsy Council of Malaysia, this study aimed to determine the treatment gap in SE across different healthcare settings in Malaysia. METHODS A web-based survey was sent to clinicians involved in the management of SE, across all states and at all levels of healthcare services. RESULTS A total of 158 responses were received from 104 health facilities, including 23 tertiary government hospitals (95.8% of all government tertiary hospitals in Malaysia), 4 (80.0%) universities, 14 (6.7%) private, 15 (11.5%) district hospitals and 21 clinics. Intravenous (IV) diazepam was available in 14 (93.3%) district and 33 (80.5%) tertiary hospitals for prehospital management. Non-IV benzodiazepine (rectal diazepam and intramuscular midazolam) was not widely available in prehospital services (75.8% and 51.5%). Intramuscular midazolam was underutilised (60.0% in district and 65.9% in tertiary hospitals). IV sodium valproate and levetiracetam were only available in 66.7% and 53.3% of the district hospitals, respectively. Electroencephalogram (EEG) services were available in only 26.7% of the district hospitals. Non-pharmacological therapies such as ketogenic diet, electroconvulsive therapy, and therapeutic hypothermia were not available in most district and tertiary hospitals for refractory and super-refractory SE. CONCLUSIONS We identified several gaps in the current practice of SE management, including limited availability and underutilization of non-IV midazolam in prehospital services, underutilization of non-IV midazolam and other second-line ASMs, and lack of EEG monitoring in district hospitals and limited treatment options for refractory and super-refractory SE in tertiary hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kheng-Seang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia.
| | - Ching-Soong Khoo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Si-Lei Fong
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | - Hui-Jan Tan
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Choong Yi Fong
- Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Wan-Chung Law
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sarawak General Hospital, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey CheahSchool of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Raihanah Abdul Khalid
- School of Dentistry and Medical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Sau-Wei Wong
- Neurology Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azman Ali Raymond
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, MARA University of Technology, Malaysia; Epilepsy Council Malaysia, Malaysian Society of Neurosciences, Malaysia
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Abuljadayel R, Hashem N, Almaddah Y, Bakhsh TA. Effect of cigarettes smoke on bonded polymeric restorations: OCT study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13240. [PMID: 36798757 PMCID: PMC9925970 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Up to date, the effect of cigarette smoke (CS) on the adhesive properties of the restorative materials bonded to tooth structure is still unclear. It is still questionable if it interferes with the durability and clinical success of these restorations. Few numbers of studies reported the assessment of microgaps of dental composite using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of interfacial microgaps between composite resin restoration and the tooth structure with or without exposure to CS under the CP-OCT. Materials and methods In this in-vitro study, a standardized round class-V cavities were prepared in twenty extracted, caries-free human molar teeth, and they were divided randomly into two groups (n = 10). Adhesive system (Gluma universal, Kulzer GmbH) was applied followed by filing the prepared cavities with flowable composite restoration (Charisma, Kulzer GmbH). Then, exposure to CS (40 cigarettes/day) was carried out for 14 days and the samples were stored in normal saline solution after each smoke exposure cycle. Next, all samples were immersed in ammoniac silver nitrate for 24 h, followed by immersion in a photo-developing solution for 8 h. Optical comparison was carried out by CP-OCT to assess microgaps percentage between smoke (SG) and non-smoke groups (NSG) at the axial walls (AW) and cavity floor (CF). Results Independent T-test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups (SG, NSG) in AW microgaps percentage (p = 0.008), while there was no difference in CF (p = 0.15). Conclusion It can be inferred from the current finding that OCT can be used to predict the adaptability of the bonded restoration under the thermochemical influence. CS has a negative effect on the marginal integrity of the bonded polymeric restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roaa Abuljadayel
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Hashem
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousef Almaddah
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki A. Bakhsh
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21381, Saudi Arabia,Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan,Corresponding author. Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80209, Jeddah 215-89, Saudi Arabia.
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Gil A, Navarro R, Quintero P, Mares A. Hemocompatibility and hemodynamic comparison of two centrifugal LVADs: HVAD and HeartMate3. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:871-883. [PMID: 36648697 PMCID: PMC10167126 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01686-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical circulatory support using ventricular assist devices is a common technique for treating patients suffering from advanced heart failure. The latest generation of devices is characterized by centrifugal turbopumps which employ magnetic levitation bearings to ensure a gap clearance between moving and static parts. Despite the increasing use of these devices as a destination therapy, several long-term complications still exist regarding their hemocompatibility. The blood damage associated with different pump designs has been investigated profoundly in the literature, while the hemodynamic performance has been hardly considered. This work presents a novel comparison between the two main devices of the latest generation-HVAD and HM3-from both perspectives, hemodynamic performance and blood damage. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed to model the considered LVADs, and computational results are compared to experimental measurements of pressure head to validate the model. Enhanced performance and hemocompatibility are detected for HM3 owing to its design incorporating more conventional blades and larger gap clearances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gil
- CMT-Motores Térmicos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, S/N, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Roberto Navarro
- CMT-Motores Térmicos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, S/N, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Quintero
- CMT-Motores Térmicos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, S/N, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrea Mares
- CMT-Motores Térmicos, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera, S/N, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Doriguêtto PVT, de Almeida D, de Lima CO, Lopes RT, Devito KL. Assessment of marginal gaps and image quality of crowns made of two different restorative materials: An in vitro study using CBCT images. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2022; 16:243-250. [PMID: 37560496 PMCID: PMC10407872 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2022.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study assessed the quality of images and the presence of marginal gaps on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of teeth restored with all-ceramic and metal-ceramic crowns and compared the gap sizes observed on CBCT images with those obtained on micro-CT images. Methods Thirty teeth restored with metal-ceramic and all-ceramic crowns, properly adapted and with gaps of 0.30 and 0.50 mm, were submitted to micro-CT and CBCT scans. Linear measurements corresponding to the marginal gap (MG) and the absolute marginal discrepancy (AMD) were obtained. The objective assessment of the quality of CBCT images was performed using the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and the subjective assessment was defined by the diagnoses made by five examiners regarding the presence or absence of gaps. Results The measurements were always higher for CBCT, with a significant difference regarding AMD. No significant difference in image quality was observed using CNR between the crowns tested. Low accuracy and sensitivity values could be observed for both crowns. Conclusion Marginal mismatch measures were overestimated in CBCT images. No difference in image quality was observed between the crowns. The correct diagnosis of gaps was considered low, irrespective of crown type and gap size.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela de Almeida
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
- Nuclear Engineering Department, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karina Lopes Devito
- Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Wang F, Zou JL, Shang J. Does matching degree matter for proximal femoral intramedullary nail on reoperation rate in intertrochanteric fractures? J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:573. [PMID: 36581940 PMCID: PMC9801600 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-03476-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous articles reported on the tip-apex distance, lag screw placement, fracture pattern, reduction quality, osteoporosis and other factors associated with second surgery. The current study focused on investigating the association of the matching degree between proximal femoral intramedullary nail and femoral medullary cavity on reoperation rate. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted. It included patients with intertrochanteric fracture who were treated with proximal femoral anti-rotatory intramedullary nail (PFNA) between January 2016 and April 2021. The gap between the intramedullary nail and the femoral medullary cavity was equal to the difference in diameter between the two. According to the gap size, all patients were divided into three groups, as follows: high-matching group: gap ≤ 2 mm; middle-matching group: 2 < gap < 4 mm; and low-matching group: gap ≥ 4 mm. The mean gap was measured through standard images. The primary observational index was whether the reoperation was needed, and secondary observational indexes included operative time, length of hospital stay. Patient characteristics were recorded, as follows: age, sex, follow-up time, fracture pattern, reduction grade and length of intramedullary nail. RESULTS A total of 203 eligible patients were recorded, including 78 males (38.4%) and 125 females (61.6%). They had a mean age of 77.8 ± 9.9 years old and an average follow-up time of 58.1 ± 24.0 weeks. Twenty-seven patients (13.3%) needed a second operation. Coxa varus combined with screw cutting was the most common reason for reoperation (11 cases). Unstable fracture pattern with poor reduction grade tended to contribute to reoperation, whose odds ratio (OR) was 6.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98-22.09; P = 0.002). The three groups had 11 cases (13.7%), 12 cases (13.8%) and 4 cases (11.1%) of reoperation, respectively, and logistic regression showed no significant association was noted between matching degree of intramedullary nail and reoperation rate. CONCLUSIONS The matching degree between proximal femoral intramedullary nail and femoral medullary cavity did not seem to be an important factor for reoperation, which offered more options of intramedullary nail size intraoperatively and reduced implants stock from inventory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- grid.412596.d0000 0004 1797 9737The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Office Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Ji-Long Zou
- grid.412596.d0000 0004 1797 9737The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Post Office Street, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang China
| | - Jian Shang
- grid.263488.30000 0001 0472 9649Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, 1098 Xueyuan Avenue, Xili University Town, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong China
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Bhusal UP. Poor and non-poor gap in under-five child nutrition: a case from Nepal using Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition approach. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1245. [PMID: 36224578 PMCID: PMC9559871 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) have improved health indicators in the past decades, however, there is a differential in outcomes between socioeconomic groups. Systematic analysis of drivers of child nutrition gap between non-poor and poor groups has a policy relevance in Nepal and other countries to make progress towards universal health coverage (UHC). The objective of this paper was to estimate the mean height-for-age z scores (HAZ) gap between under-five children belonging to non-poor and poor groups, divide the gap into components (endowments, coefficients and interaction), and identify the factors that contributed most to each of the component. METHODS Information about 6277 under-five children was extracted from the most recent nationally representative Nepal Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2019. HAZ was used to assess nutritional status of children. Wealth index was used to categorize children into non-poor and poor. Mean HAZ gap between groups was decomposed using Blinder-Oaxaca technique into components: endowments (group difference in levels of predictors), coefficients (group difference in effects of predictors), and interaction (group difference due to interaction between levels and effects of predictors). Detailed decomposition was carried out to identify the factors that contributed most to each component. RESULTS There was a significant non-poor and poor gap in nutrition outcome measured in HAZ (0.447; p < 0.001) among under-five children in Nepal. The between-group mean differences in the predictors of study participants (endowments) contributed 0.210 (47%) to the gap. Similarly, the between-group differences in effects of the predictors (coefficients) contributed 0.308 (68.8%) towards the gap. The interaction contributed -0.071 (15.8%) towards minimizing the gap. The predictors/variables that contributed most towards the gap due to (i) endowments were: maternal education, province (Karnali, Sudurpaschim, Madhesh), residence (rural/urban), type of toilet facility and ethnic group (Dalit and Muslim); (ii) coefficients were: number of under-five children in family, ethnic group (Dalit and Muslim), type of toilet facility, maternal age and education. CONCLUSION Decomposition of the child nutrition gap revealed that narrowing the inequality between wealth groups depends not only on improving the level of the predictors (endowments) in the poor group but also on reducing differential effects of the predictors (coefficients).
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Prasad Bhusal
- Public Health and Social Protection Professional, Kathmandu, Nepal. .,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Matsui Y, Matsuura M, Hidaka N. The knee position at tourniquet inflation does not affect the gap balancing during total knee arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:1653-1659. [PMID: 34223972 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-04017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relationship between gap balancing and clinical outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been researched. Tourniquet is widely used by most surgeons; however, there are little quantitative data about the gap depending on the tourniquet usage. We aimed to investigate whether the knee position at tourniquet inflation affected the gap measurement intra-operatively. METHODS TKA was performed for 104 knees and the tourniquet was inflated with the knee at full flexion and extension. The gap was measured in each static knee flexion status (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and in full flexion) using a tensor. We measured the gap twice; under the tourniquet inflation and release. The gap difference at each static knee flexion status was calculated by subtracting the gap under release from that under inflation. RESULTS When the tourniquet was inflated with the knee at full flexion, the mean gap differences were < 1 mm and < 1° in each static knee flexion status. When the tourniquet was inflated with the knee at full extension, the mean gap differences were < 1 mm and < 1°, respectively. All values of the gap difference were minimum, and were not affected by the tourniquet, whether the knee position at the tourniquet inflation was flexed or extended. CONCLUSIONS We postulated that the knee position at tourniquet inflation would affect the gap, which was refuted by our results. This shows that we can measure the gap without considering the knee position at tourniquet inflation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Matsui
- Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22, Miyakojimahondori, Miyakojima, Osaka, Osaka, 534-0021, Japan.
| | - Masanori Matsuura
- Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22, Miyakojimahondori, Miyakojima, Osaka, Osaka, 534-0021, Japan
| | - Noriaki Hidaka
- Osaka City General Hospital, 2-13-22, Miyakojimahondori, Miyakojima, Osaka, Osaka, 534-0021, Japan
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Kadowaki S, Morimoto T, Okamoto H. Auditory steady state responses elicited by silent gaps embedded within a broadband noise. BMC Neurosci 2022; 23:27. [PMID: 35524192 PMCID: PMC9074354 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-022-00712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Auditory temporal processing plays an important role in speech comprehension. Usually, behavioral tests that require subjects to detect silent gaps embedded within a continuous sound are used to assess the ability of auditory temporal processing in humans. To evaluate auditory temporal processing objectively, the present study aimed to measure the auditory steady state responses (ASSRs) elicited by silent gaps of different lengths embedded within a broadband noise. We presented a broadband noise with 40-Hz silent gaps of 3.125, 6.25, and 12.5 ms. Results The 40-Hz silent gaps of 3.125, 6.25, and 12.5 ms elicited clear ASSRs. Longer silent gaps elicited larger ASSR amplitudes and ASSR phases significantly differed between conditions. Conclusion The 40 Hz gap-evoked ASSR contributes to our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying auditory temporal processing and may lead to the development of objective measures of auditory temporal acuity in humans. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12868-022-00712-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Kadowaki
- Department of Physiology, International University of Health and Welfare Faculty of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, 286-8686, Japan
| | - Takashi Morimoto
- Department of Audiological Engineering, RION Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 185-8533, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Okamoto
- Department of Physiology, International University of Health and Welfare Faculty of Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, 286-8686, Japan.
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Steinberg J, Chan P, Hogden E, Tiernan G, Morrow A, Kang YJ, He E, Venchiarutti R, Titterton L, Sankey L, Pearn A, Nichols C, McKay S, Hayward A, Egoroff N, Engel A, Gibbs P, Goodwin A, Harris M, Kench JG, Pachter N, Parkinson B, Pockney P, Ragunathan A, Smyth C, Solomon M, Steffens D, Toh JWT, Wallace M, Canfell K, Gill A, Macrae F, Tucker K, Taylor N. Lynch syndrome testing of colorectal cancer patients in a high-income country with universal healthcare: a retrospective study of current practice and gaps in seven australian hospitals. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2022; 20:18. [PMID: 35509103 PMCID: PMC9066828 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-022-00225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To inform effective genomic medicine strategies, it is important to examine current approaches and gaps in well-established applications. Lynch syndrome (LS) causes 3-5% of colorectal cancers (CRCs). While guidelines commonly recommend LS tumour testing of all CRC patients, implementation in health systems is known to be highly variable. To provide insights on the heterogeneity in practice and current bottlenecks in a high-income country with universal healthcare, we characterise the approaches and gaps in LS testing and referral in seven Australian hospitals across three states. METHODS We obtained surgery, pathology, and genetics services data for 1,624 patients who underwent CRC resections from 01/01/2017 to 31/12/2018 in the included hospitals. RESULTS Tumour testing approaches differed between hospitals, with 0-19% of patients missing mismatch repair deficiency test results (total 211/1,624 patients). Tumour tests to exclude somatic MLH1 loss were incomplete at five hospitals (42/187 patients). Of 74 patients with tumour tests completed appropriately and indicating high risk of LS, 36 (49%) were missing a record of referral to genetics services for diagnostic testing, with higher missingness for older patients (0% of patients aged ≤ 40 years, 76% of patients aged > 70 years). Of 38 patients with high-risk tumour test results and genetics services referral, diagnostic testing was carried out for 25 (89%) and identified a LS pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant for 11 patients (44% of 25; 0.7% of 1,624 patients). CONCLUSIONS Given the LS testing and referral gaps, further work is needed to identify strategies for successful integration of LS testing into clinical care, and provide a model for hereditary cancers and broader genomic medicine. Standardised reporting may help clinicians interpret tumour test results and initiate further actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Steinberg
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia.
| | - Priscilla Chan
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
| | - Emily Hogden
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
| | - Gabriella Tiernan
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
| | - April Morrow
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
| | - Yoon-Jung Kang
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
| | - Emily He
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
| | - Rebecca Venchiarutti
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Leanna Titterton
- NSW Health, Western Sydney Local Health District, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Amy Pearn
- Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cassandra Nichols
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Skye McKay
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
| | - Anne Hayward
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natasha Egoroff
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander Engel
- The University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Gibbs
- Personalised Oncology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annabel Goodwin
- Cancer Genetics Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - James G Kench
- Department of Tissue Pathology & Diagnostic Oncology, NSW Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Pachter
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western, Australia
| | - Bonny Parkinson
- Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Pockney
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Abiramy Ragunathan
- Westmead Familial Cancer Services, The Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Michael Solomon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Steffens
- Surgical Outcomes Research Centre (SOuRCe), Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - James Wei Tatt Toh
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Marina Wallace
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, South Metropolitan Health Service, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karen Canfell
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
| | - Anthony Gill
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Finlay Macrae
- Colorectal Medicine and Genetics, Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathy Tucker
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalie Taylor
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, 153 Dowling St, NSW, 2011, Woolloomooloo, Australia
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Mohammadzadeh Gonabadi A, Cesar GM, Buster TW, Burnfield JM. Effect of gap-filling technique and gap location on linear and nonlinear calculations of motion during locomotor activities. Gait Posture 2022; 94:85-92. [PMID: 35255383 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marker occlusion during camera-based movement analysis is common. Different interpolation techniques are available for estimating location of missing marker trajectories. RESEARCH QUESTION What is the effect of gap location and interpolation technique on linear and nonlinear measures for a given kinematic time series? METHODS Kinematic data were recorded during motor-assisted elliptical training and treadmill walking. Gap-filling techniques (i.e., Cubic, Makima, Autoregressive, Nearest Neighbor, and No Interpolation) and gap locations experimentally applied to each cycle across initially complete time series (Gap 1: local minimum and maximum peaks; Gap 2: maximum peaks; Gap 3: maximum peaks at negative slope; Gap 4: random locations) were examined during linear (Maxima and Minima joint angles) and nonlinear [maximum Lyapunov exponent (LyE)] measures. RESULTS Gap-filling technique and gap location influenced values calculated for linear and nonlinear measures of joint motions. When referenced to the gold standard (original data series without gaps), across all joints studied the average % error of Maxima and Minima joint angles and LyE % error were lower when applying Cubic, Makima, Autoregressive, and Nearest Neighbor techniques compared to No Interpolation (p < 0.0001). The % error of Maxima joint angles was lower for Gaps 1, 3, and 4 compared to Gap 2 (p = 0.0003), while % error of Minima joint angles was lower for Gaps 2 and 3, compared to Gaps 1 and 4 (p < 0.0001). An interaction between gap-filling technique and gap location was identified for LyE % error, in which Gap 4 % error was significantly greater during No Interpolation compared to other gap-filling techniques (p < 0.0001). SIGNIFICANCE Findings can guide selection of appropriate techniques to manage missing kinematic data points in camera-based motion analysis time series. Gap-filling techniques significantly reduced error in calculating select linear and nonlinear measures of variability, with Cubic most consistently resulting in the greatest reduction in error.
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Hüsch T, Haferkamp A, Thomas C, Steffens J, Fornara P, Kranz J. Gender gap at a large European urological congress: still at the beginning. World J Urol 2022; 40:257-262. [PMID: 34219179 PMCID: PMC8813805 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Women are underrepresented at scientific conferences, decreasing the visibility of female role models, which are vital for aspiring young female scientists. This investigation aimed to evaluate female representation at the German Society of Urology's (GSoU) annual meeting. METHODS The programs of the GSoU meeting of 2011, 2018, 2019 and the virtual conference in 2020 were retrospectively quantified by gender and categorized by chair or speaker, type, and topic of the session. Descriptive analysis was applied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify gender inequity and variables influencing gender distribution. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 2.504 chairs and speakers were invited to the GSoU meeting in 2018 and 2019. Female speakers or chairs were represented in 17.8%, indicating a gender gap of 64.7%. There were significant differences between session type, topic, and gender distribution for chairs and speakers. The topic surgical techniques were independent variables for both, underrepresented female chairs and speakers, respectively (p < 0.001). Vocational policy and plenary session were not represented by any female chair in 2011, 2018, and 2019. In comparison, the gender gap in 2011 was 74.2%, indicating a gap reduction of 1.2% per year. In a selected virtual program in 2020, the gender gap increased to 70.4%. CONCLUSION There is still a significant discrepancy between gender representation at the GSoU annual meetings, and gender equity is currently not expected before 50 years. Future efforts should address the implementation of established guidelines for achieving gender equity at urological conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Hüsch
- grid.410607.4Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel Haferkamp
- grid.410607.4Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- grid.412282.f0000 0001 1091 2917Department of Urology, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Joachim Steffens
- grid.459927.40000 0000 8785 9045Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, St. Antonius-Hospital gGmbH, Eschweiler, Germany
| | - Paolo Fornara
- grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jennifer Kranz
- grid.459927.40000 0000 8785 9045Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, St. Antonius-Hospital gGmbH, Eschweiler, Germany ,grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Department of Urology and Kidney Transplantation, Martin-Luther-University, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Gassas R. Sources of the knowledge-practice gap in nursing: Lessons from an integrative review. Nurse Educ Today 2021; 106:105095. [PMID: 34388539 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ultimate value of learning lies in the transfer of knowledge to real-life settings. The gap between knowledge and practice can be described as the disconnection between acquired knowledge, the skills learned in nursing school, and those skills needed to practice safely and independently. This is a concerning issue that needs to be investigated deeply to address all the circumstances and factors contributing to the gap. OBJECTIVES To reveal the full range of factors leading to the knowledge-practice gap in nursing by means of a thorough survey of the most recent evidence and updates. METHODS An integrative review design was selected. Three data bases (MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus and ERIC) were searched electronically for research articles from 2009 up to June 2020 on the gap between knowledge and practice. The 406 articles that appeared were appraised for inclusion or exclusion using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for qualitative research. RESULT Eight qualitative studies were included in the review, which identified three major themes and subthemes. The first theme is personal factors, with the following subthemes: internal motivation, learning style and attitude. The second theme is educational structure, with the following subthemes: clinical instructor role, preceptor effect and curriculum. The third theme is organisational characteristics, with the following subthemes: resources, clinical setting features and staffing. CONCLUSION The review revealed that the knowledge-practice gap has deep roots in multiple factors. Considering all dimensions of these factors is the key to bridging the knowledge-practice gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roaa Gassas
- King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia.
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Goto K, Naito K, Nagura N, Sugiyama Y, Obata H, Kaneko A, Kawakita S, Kajihara H, Iwase Y, Ishijima M. Outcomes of conservative treatment for bony mallet fingers. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol 2021. [PMID: 33646388 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-021-02914-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment strategy for bony mallet fingers remains controversial. The outcomes of conservative treatment were investigated in this study. In addition, the time to bone union, and gap between the bone fragment and distal phalanx are discussed. METHODS The subjects were 26 patients (27 fingers) with bony mallet fingers (20 males and 6 females, mean age: 46.0 years old, the mean limitation of extension of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint: - 20.2°). In conservative treatment, splinting was applied for 6 weeks, followed by 2-week taping. The time to bone union, range of motion of the DIP joint, and the Crawford classification on the final follow-up were investigated. In addition, the bone fragment occupation rate was evaluated on plain radiography on the first examination. Furthermore, the gap on the first examination and after splinting. The relationship between the gap and bone union period was also investigated. RESULTS The mean time from injury to bone union was 170.2 days, the mean range of motion of the DIP joint was - 8.5° in extension and 60.9° in flexion, and the Crawford classification was Excellent for 22 fingers, Good for 2, Fair for 2, and Poor for 1. On the first examination, the mean bone fragment occupation rate was 44.0%. The mean gap on the first examination was 1.1 mm and this was significantly narrowed to 0.8 mm after splinting (p < 0.01). No significant correlation was noted between the time to bone union and gap on the first examination (p = 0.16), however, a significant positive correlation was noted between them after splinting (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that a favorable clinical outcome can be achieved by conservative treatment. Moreover, the bone union period decreased as the gap after splinting decreased, being significantly correlated.
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Zhou Y, Matin K, Shimada Y, Wang G, Sadr A, Tagami J. Detection and analysis of early degradation at resin-dentin interface by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). J Dent 2021; 106:103583. [PMID: 33450311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate early degradation at resin-dentin interface using non-invasive swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). METHODS Self-etch adhesives and resin-composites containing bisphenol-glycidyl-dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), which is one of the most widely used monomers in restorative materials, were investigated in this study. Forty cervical cavities were prepared in bovine incisors and applied by the adhesive with/without Bis-GMA (AdhesiveBG/Adhesive), filled by the resin with/without Bis-GMA (ResinBG/Resin) and then challenged by cariogenic biofilm (37 °C, 24 h). Gap Formation and dentin demineralization around resin-composites were observed by SS-OCT and CLSM. RESULTS Three types of resin-dentin interfacial degradation could be detected from SS-OCT. Type I-dentin demineralization around resin without gap, showing feather-shaped dark zones without bright scattered lines at resin-dentin interfaces. Type II-dentin demineralization around resin with adhesive-dentin bonded gaps, showing feather-shaped dark zones with bright scattered lines at resin-dentin interfaces. Type III-dentin demineralization around resin with adhesive-dentin debonded gaps, showing edge-shaped dark zones with bright scattered lines at resin-dentin interface. From CLSM, the groups were compared in gap scale (GS), gap depth (GD), gap width (GW) and dentin wall lesion depth (WLD). Bis-GMA-containing adhesive groups showed significantly lower GS than Bis-GMA-free adhesive groups. Bis-GMA-containing resin groups showed significantly lower WLD than Bis-GMA-free resin groups. However, they did not show significant differences in GD and GW. CONCLUSION Three types of early degradation at resin-dentin interface can be noninvasively detected by SS-OCT. Bis-GMA-containing and Bis-GMA-free restorative materials show differences in gap scale and dentin wall lesion depth. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE SS-OCT can nondestructively detect early resin-dentin interfacial degradation. Gap scale can be used as a parameter to evaluate the risk factor of gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Preventive Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Huangpu District, 200011, Shanghai, China.
| | - Khairul Matin
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan; Endowed Department of International Oral Health Science (Affiliated With Department of Translational Research), School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Guoqing Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yin Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Qu W, Tian W, Chen S. Accuracy of fluoroscopic examination in the treatment of Bennett's fracture. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:3. [PMID: 33397336 PMCID: PMC7783999 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Restoration of joint congruity is an important factor for the prevention of subsequent arthritis in patients with Bennett’s fracture. Surgical treatment of Bennett’s fracture is thus generally recommended for displaced intra-articular fractures to the proximal aspect of the thumb metacarpal. Fluoroscopic examination is used to evaluate the adequacy of closed reduction after pinning of Bennett’s fracture. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of fluoroscopy to determine the reduction of Bennett’s fractures. Methods A model was created, to mimic a Bennett’s fracture utilizing ten fresh-frozen cadaveric hands. An oblique cut was made in the proximal aspect of the thumb metacarpal using an oscillating saw. The small oblique fragment involved 1/4–1/3 of the joint surface was then shifted in position creating a step-off or gap at the fracture site. An anatomical reduction model, gap models (1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm), and step-off models (1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm) were created using percutaneous fixation with two 1.0 mm Kirschner wires for each cadaveric hand. Fluoroscopic assessment then took place and was reviewed by 2 attending hand surgeons blinded to the actual position. Their estimated fluoroscopic position was then compared to the actual displacement. Results The step-off and gap on fluoroscopic examination showed a significant difference compared to the step-off and gap from direct visualization. The frequency of underestimation for the 3 mm displacement models from the fluoroscopic examination was 60%. The frequency for overestimated was 9% for the models in which displacement was within 2 mm (0, 1, 2 mm). Conclusions The assessment of articular gap and step-off using PA (postero-anterior), AP (antero-posterior), and lateral view of fluoroscopic examination is not accurate as compared to the examination by direct visualization. Surgeons need to be aware that PA, AP and lateral view of fluoroscopic examination alone may not be sufficient to judge the final position of a reduced Bennett’s fracture. Other methods such as live fluoroscopy in multiple different planes, 3-dimensional fluoroscopy or arthroscopic examination should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaobin Yin
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital and the 4th Medical College of Peking University, Xin jie kou dong jie 31, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital and the 4th Medical College of Peking University, Xin jie kou dong jie 31, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital and the 4th Medical College of Peking University, Xin jie kou dong jie 31, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Wenrui Qu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital and the 4th Medical College of Peking University, Xin jie kou dong jie 31, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Wen Tian
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital and the 4th Medical College of Peking University, Xin jie kou dong jie 31, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Shanlin Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital and the 4th Medical College of Peking University, Xin jie kou dong jie 31, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100035, China.
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Malle O, Borgstroem F, Fahrleitner-Pammer A, Svedbom A, Dimai SV, Dimai HP. Mind the gap: Incidence of osteoporosis treatment after an osteoporotic fracture - results of the Austrian branch of the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (ICUROS). Bone 2021; 142:115071. [PMID: 31593822 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite availability of effective treatment options proven to prevent osteoporotic fractures, a huge gap in osteoporosis treatment exists. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the treatment rate after a major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) in Austria, one of the 25 wealthiest countries worldwide. METHODS This analysis is based on the data of the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (ICUROS), a prospective observational study assessing data from patients who suffered a MOF. We stratified these patients by treatment status at time of fracture and compared treatment use following MOF by sex as well as by fracture sites at the time of the index fracture, and 4, 12, and 18 months thereafter. Descriptive statistics, t-tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for nominal variables, were performed to compare treatment groups. RESULTS A total of 915 patients (78 % female) were recruited at 8 different trauma centers throughout Austria. At the time of fracture, 731 patients (80 %) did not receive osteoporosis treatment. In this group, follow-up analysis after 4, 12 and 18 months revealed a treatment rate of 18 %, 16 %, 15 % in women, and 8 %, 12 %, 10 % in men, respectively. In those who received osteoporosis medication at the time of fracture the treatment rate was 65 %, 54 % and 60 % in women, and comparable results in men. CONCLUSIONS Only 1 in 10 men, and less than 2 in 10 women of those who did not receive osteoporosis treatment at the time of fracture were prescribed an adequate osteoporosis treatment. Thus, the vast majority of patients who sustained an osteoporotic fracture and thus were at imminent risk of receiving subsequent fractures did not receive an adequate treatment. There is a clear need for the implementation of coordinated, multi-disciplinary models of care for secondary fracture prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Malle
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Graz, Austria.
| | - F Borgstroem
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Fahrleitner-Pammer
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Graz, Austria
| | - A Svedbom
- MAPI Group, Real World Strategy and Analytics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S V Dimai
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - H P Dimai
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Graz, Austria
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Hayashi J, Tagami J, Chan D, Sadr A. New bulk-fill composite system with high irradiance light polymerization: Integrity and degree of conversion. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1615-1623. [PMID: 33168226 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study used optical coherence tomography (OCT) and micro Raman microscopy (mRM) to investigate internal defect (ID) and degree of conversion (DC) of two bulk-fill composite systems with high-irradiance or conventional light polymerization settings. METHODS The ID and DC of the new bulk-fill composites; Tetric PowerFill (PwrPst) and Tetric PowerFlow (PwrFlw) were compared with the predecessor bulk-fill composites; Tetric EvoCeram Bulkfill (EvoPst) and Tetric EvoFlow Bulkfill (EvoFlw), using LED light curing unit in two settings; normal (LED-Nrm: 1000 mW/cm2, 10-s) or PowerCure (LED-Pwr: 3000 mW/cm2, 3-s). ID formation was observed in bonded cylindrical composite cavities (4-mm depth, 3-mm diameter) using Yoshida Dental OCT. From the vertically projected 2D image, ID area percentage (ID-A%) was calculated. DC at the top and bottom and bottom/top DC ratio (DC-R%) of 4-mm thick discs was calculated using mRM. All data were statistically analyzed at significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS Flowable composites in LED-Pwr showed smaller ID frequencies than other groups (PwrFlw: 0/8, EvoFlw: 2/8) (p < 0.05). Composite type significantly affected ID-A%, DC and DC-R% (p < 0.001), while light settings significantly affected ID-A% but not DC and DC-R% (p > 0.05). In both light settings, EvoPst showed the lowest DC-R% (<80%). SIGNIFICANCE Internal defect and degree of conversion of bulk-fill composites were affected by their composition and light settings. There was a tendency for less defects and better polymerization for the flowable bulk-fills. The new flowable bulk-fill composite with 3-seconds high irradiance light curing showed no defect formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juri Hayashi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7456, USA; Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Daniel Chan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7456, USA
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7456, USA.
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Yassin M, Myatt R, Thomas W, Gupta V, Hoque T, Mahadevan D. Does size of tendon gap affect patient-reported outcome following Achilles tendon rupture treated with functional rehabilitation? Bone Joint J 2020; 102-B:1535-1541. [PMID: 33135439 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.102b11.bjj-2020-0908.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Functional rehabilitation has become an increasingly popular treatment for Achilles tendon rupture (ATR), providing comparably low re-rupture rates to surgery, while avoiding risks of surgical complications. Limited evidence exists on whether gap size should affect patient selection for this treatment option. The aim of this study was to assess if size of gap between ruptured tendon ends affects patient-reported outcome following ATR treated with functional rehabilitation. METHODS Analysis of prospectively collected data on all 131 patients diagnosed with ATR at Royal Berkshire Hospital, UK, from August 2016 to January 2019 and managed non-operatively was performed. Diagnosis was confirmed on all patients by dynamic ultrasound scanning and gap size measured with ankle in full plantarflexion. Functional rehabilitation using an established protocol was the preferred treatment. All non-operatively treated patients with completed Achilles Tendon Rupture Scores (ATRS) at a minimum of 12 months following injury were included. RESULTS In all, 82 patients with completed ATRS were included in the analysis. Their mean age was 51 years (standard deviation (SD) 14). The mean ATRS was 76 (SD 19) at a mean follow-up of 20 months (SD 11) following injury. Gap inversely affected ATRS with a Pearson's correlation of -0.30 (p = 0.008). Mean ATRS was lower with gaps > 5 mm compared with ≤ 5 mm (73 (SD 21) vs 82 (SD 16); p = 0.031). Mean ATRS was lowest (70 (SD 23)) with gaps > 10 mm, with significant differences in perceived strength and pain. The overall re-rupture rate was two out of 131 (1.5%). CONCLUSION Increasing gap size predicts lower patient-reported outcome, as measured by ATRS. Tendon gap > 5 mm may be a useful predictor in physically demanding individuals, and tendon gap > 10 mm for those with low physical demand. Further studies that control for gap size when comparing non-operative and operative treatment are required to assess if these patients may benefit from surgery, particularly when balanced against the surgical risks. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(11):1535-1541.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yassin
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
| | - Richard Myatt
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
| | - William Thomas
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
| | - Vatsal Gupta
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
| | - Tagrit Hoque
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
| | - Devendra Mahadevan
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
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Abstract
AIMS The primary aim of this study was to address the hypothesis that fracture morphology might be more important than posterior malleolar fragment size in rotational type posterior malleolar ankle fractures (PMAFs). The secondary aim was to identify clinically important predictors of outcome for each respective PMAF-type, to challenge the current dogma that surgical decision-making should be based on fragment size. METHODS This observational prospective cohort study included 70 patients with operatively treated rotational type PMAFs, respectively: 23 Haraguchi Type I (large posterolateral-oblique), 22 Type II (two-part posterolateral and posteromedial), and 25 (avulsion-) Type III. There was no standardized protocol on how to address the PMAFs and CT-imaging was used to classify fracture morphology and quality of postoperative syndesmotic reduction. Quantitative 3D-CT (Q3DCT) was used to assess the quality of fracture reduction, respectively: the proportion of articular involvement; residual intra-articular: gap, step-off, and 3D-displacement; and residual gap and step-off at the fibular notch. These predictors were correlated with the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) at two-years follow-up. RESULTS Bivariate analyses revealed that fracture morphology (p = 0.039) as well as fragment size (p = 0.007) were significantly associated with the FAOS. However, in multivariate analyses, fracture morphology (p = 0.001) (but not fragment size (p = 0.432)) and the residual intra-articular gap(s) (p = 0.009) were significantly associated. Haraguchi Type-II PMAFs had poorer FAOS scores compared with Types I and III. Multivariate analyses identified the following independent predictors: step-off in Type I; none of the Q3DCT-measurements in Type II, and quality of syndesmotic reduction in small-avulsion Type III PMAFs. CONCLUSION PMAFs are three separate entities based on fracture morphology, with different predictors of outcome for each PMAF type. The current debate on whether or not to fix PMAFs needs to be refined to determine which morphological subtype benefits from fixation. In PMAFs, fracture morphology should guide treatment instead of fragment size. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(9):1229-1241.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin P Blom
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Batur Hayat
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rami M A Al-Dirini
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Inger Sierevelt
- Specialized Center of Orthopaedic Research and Education (SCORE), Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gino M M J Kerkhoffs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Academic Centre for Evidence based Sports medicine (ACES), Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports (ACHSS), Amsterdam, Netherlands.,IOC Research Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J Carel Goslings
- University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ruurd L Jaarsma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia.,Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Job N Doornberg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide Australia
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Song SJ, Lee HW, Kim KI, Park CH. Load imbalances existed as determined by a sensor after conventional gap balancing with a tensiometer in total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:2953-2961. [PMID: 31485685 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate intercompartmental load intraoperatively with a sensor after conventional gap balancing with a tensiometer during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS Fifty sensor-assisted TKA procedures were performed prospectively between August and September 2018 with a cruciate-retaining prosthesis. After applying a modified measured resection technique, conventional balancing between resected surfaces was achieved. The equal and rectangular flexion-extension gaps were confirmed using a tensiometer at 90° and 5°-7° (due to posterior tibial slope) of knee flexion. Then, the load distribution was evaluated intraoperatively with a sensor placed on trial implants in the positions of knee flexion (90° flexion) and extension (10° flexion). RESULTS The proportion of coronal load imbalance (medial load - lateral load ≥ ± 15 lb) was 56% in extension and 32% in flexion (p = 0.023). The proportion of sagittal load imbalance (extension load - flexion load ≥ ± 15 lb) was 36% in the medial compartment and 4% in the lateral compartment (p < 0.001). An additional procedure for load balancing was performed in 74% of knees. CONCLUSIONS Coronal and sagittal load imbalances existed as determined by the sensor even after the achievement of appropriate conventional gap balance. The additional rebalancing procedure was performed for balanced loads in 74% of the knees after conventional balancing. The use of an intraoperative load sensor offers the advantage of direct evaluation of the load on TKA implants. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang Il Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Hee Park
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-872, Korea.
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Keogh CJ, Mulcahy D, Reidy D, Beverland DE, Harty JA. Polyethylene spinout in the Attune® Cruciate-Retaining Rotating-Platform (CR RP) total knee arthroplasty performed with a cruciate-sacrificing and measured-resection technique. Knee Surg Relat Res 2020; 32:36. [PMID: 32698908 PMCID: PMC7374844 DOI: 10.1186/s43019-020-00057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polyethylene (PE) spinout is a known but uncommon complication when using a mobile-bearing (MB) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) design. Sacrificing the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is within the manufacturer's recommendations for the Attune® Cruciate-Retaining Rotating-Platform (CR RP) knee design. AIM To discuss the potential aetiology and prevention of spinout in the Attune® CR RP knee. METHODS We used a retrospective radiological review from two centres reporting a higher rate of spinout in the Attune® CR RP knee using a cruciate-sacrificing and measured-resection technique when compared to a gap-balancing technique. Three hundred and thirty-two patients were evaluated over a 3-year period. RESULTS There were 8 out of 279 (2.86%) cases of spinout in our first cohort of patients using a measured-resection technique. There were 0 out of 53 cases of spinout in our second cohort of patients where a gap-balancing technique was used. One spinout was reduced closed, the other seven were initially revised to a thicker RP insert of the same design. Of these seven, three underwent a further revision TKA and one patient required a knee fusion/arthrodesis. CONCLUSIONS This study reports a higher incidence of PE spinout in the Attune® CR RP TKA when a measured-resection technique in combination with PCL resection is performed. We recommend a gap-balancing technique with conservative soft-tissue release if the surgeon is planning to sacrifice the PCL in the Attune® CR RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cillian J Keogh
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Cork University Hospital/South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, T12 DC4A, Republic of Ireland.
| | - David Mulcahy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bon Secours Hospital Cork, College Road, Cork, Republic of Ireland
| | - Declan Reidy
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Cork University Hospital/South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, T12 DC4A, Republic of Ireland
| | - David E Beverland
- Musgrave Park Hospital, Stockman's Lane, Belfast, BT9 7JB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - James A Harty
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Cork University Hospital/South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, T12 DC4A, Republic of Ireland
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Barrón E, García-Leal Ó, Camarena HO, Ávila-Chauvet L. The distractor intensity is related to the rightward shift of the response rate distribution in a peak procedure in pigeons. Behav Processes 2020; 179:104190. [PMID: 32623013 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The expected effect of interrupting the light that signals the to-be-estimated fixed Interval in a peak procedure is a shift rightward of the peak time. Nevertheless, it has not been studied the effect of inserting a distractor using a peak procedure in pigeons. In this experiment, two lights of different intensities were used as distractors (i.e., 10 and 50 luxes). They elapsed for 5 s, during a to-be-estimated interval of 30 s. It was observed an immediate decrease of the response rate as the distractor was inserted and a rightward shift of the response rate distribution, both related to the distractor intensity. Our results support other findings using different species and with different stimuli modalities,suggesting that rats, mice, and pigeons could share a common timing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Barrón
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones en Comportamiento, México
| | - Óscar García-Leal
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones en Comportamiento, México.
| | - Héctor O Camarena
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones en Comportamiento, México
| | - Laurent Ávila-Chauvet
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones en Comportamiento, México
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Blakeney W, Beaulieu Y, Puliero B, Kiss MO, Vendittoli PA. Bone resection for mechanically aligned total knee arthroplasty creates frequent gap modifications and imbalances. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2020; 28:1532-41. [PMID: 31201441 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-019-05562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to calculate bone resection thicknesses and resulting gap sizes, simulating a measured resection mechanical alignment (MA) technique for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS MA bone resections were simulated on 1000 consecutive lower limb CT scans from patients undergoing TKA. Femoral rotation was aligned with either the surgical trans-epicondylar axis (TEA) or with 3° of external rotation to the posterior condyles (PC). Imbalances in the extension space, flexion space, medial compartment and lateral compartment were calculated. RESULTS Extension space imbalances (≥ 3 mm) occurred in 25% of varus and 54% of valgus knees and severe imbalances (≥ 5 mm) were present in up to 8% of varus and 19% of valgus knees. Higher flexion space imbalance rates were created with TEA versus PC (p < 0.001). Using TEA, only 49% of varus and 18% of valgus knees had < 3 mm of imbalance throughout the extension and flexion spaces, and medial and lateral compartments. CONCLUSION A systematic use of the simulated measured resection MA technique for TKA leads to many cases with imbalance. Some imbalances may not be correctable surgically and may result in TKA instability. Modified versions of the MA technique or other alignment methods that better reproduce knee anatomies should be explored. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2.
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Sadr A, Bakhtiari B, Hayashi J, Luong MN, Chen YW, Chyz G, Chan D, Tagami J. Effects of fiber reinforcement on adaptation and bond strength of a bulk-fill composite in deep preparations. Dent Mater 2020; 36:527-534. [PMID: 32044045 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of plasma-treated leno weaved ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene fiber placement on gap formation and microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of a bulk-fill composite in deep cavity. METHODS Resin composite molds (3 mm width, 4 mm depth) were treated with Clearfil SE Bond 2 and restored with 3 techniques : (1) Surefil SDR flow (SDR) placed in bulk (BLK), (2) SDR placed in two unequal increments (INC) and (3) SDR placed after an increment of SDR placed with wetted polyethylene fiber (Ribbond Ultra) at the cavity floor (FRC). As a control, the cavities were bulk-filled with SDR and no bonding agent (n = 12). All the specimens were subjected to real-time and 3D imaging by SS-OCT (1330 nm) to calculate the total volume of gap formed (mm3) at the cavity floor and between the composite increments. For MTBS, the occlusal cavities of the similar dimensions (3 × 3 × 4 mm3) were prepared on extracted molars with similar composite placement techniques (BLK, INC and FRC). After 24 h 37 °C water storage, the specimens were sectioned using a diamond saw to create 0.7 × 0.7 mm2 beams for MTBS, and subjected to bond testing at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data for both tests was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and multiple-comparisons with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05). RESULTS The gap volumes were different among the groups (p < 0.05). The largest cavity floor gaps (mm3) were observed in the control group (2.00 ± 0.08); followed by BLK (0.74 ± 0.20) and INC (0.02 ± 0.01). In FRC, the cavity floor was gap-free in all specimens but some separation was observed between the two increments. MTBS values (MPa) were 13.8 ± 7.6, 31.7 ± 12.5 and 28.3 ± 8.5 for BLK, INC and FRC groups. There was no significant difference between FRC and INC and both were different from BLK (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Gap formation of the bulk-fill composite at cavity floor was significantly reduced with the placement of a fiber-reinforced increment at the base of the deep preparation. The fiber-reinforced increment acts as a shrinkage stress breaker and protects the bonded interface at deep dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Sadr
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Behnoush Bakhtiari
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Juri Hayashi
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Minh N Luong
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yen-Wei Chen
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Grant Chyz
- Private Practice, 509 Olive Way # 1142, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Daniel Chan
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics Biomechanics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Junji Tagami
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry Department, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Alshahni RZ, Shimada Y, Zhou Y, Yoshiyama M, Sadr A, Sumi Y, Tagami J. Cavity adaptation of composite restorations prepared at crown and root: Optical assessment using SS-OCT. Dent Mater J 2019; 38:779-789. [PMID: 31341148 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of gap formation at the interfaces of a two-step self-etching adhesive with/without pre-etching was performed using sweptsource optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Round cavities were prepared in bovine incisors at the middle (MC) and cervical (CC) thirds of the crown and the cervical third of the root (CR). Clearfil SE bond was directly applied to one group (SE) and another (PA) was pretreated with K-etchant gel. Following restoration by flowable composite resin, the teeth were thermally challenged and stored for 2 months. Interfacial gaps observed in the cross-sectional OCT images were analyzed and the bottom cavities exhibited increased gaps compared to the margin and dentin-enamel junction (DEJ). The CR site had a larger gap than at MC and CC in the SE group. DEJ separation at the MC was significantly smaller than that at CC in both groups. Therefore, gap formation depends on the cavity region, location, and bonding protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Zakzuk Alshahni
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Masahiro Yoshiyama
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, School of Dentistry
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- Division of Oral and Dental Surgery, Department of Advanced Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Hospital for Geriatric Medicine
| | - Junji Tagami
- Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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Abstract
Schistosomiasis, helminthic zoonoses and NTDs constitute a considerable majority of the diseases of poverty in the world. The RNAS+ targeted zoonoses are not only problems to human and animal health, but also cause poverty in 1 billion poor livestock keepers as well as result in 2.3 billion cases of human illness and 1.7 million human deaths a year. The gaps in research of those targeted zoonoses are urgently addressed by identifying the research priority, fulfilled by improving the multisectoral cooperation and strengthening the interventions in the control programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Leonardo
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman and University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Graduate School, Quezon City, Philippines.
| | | | - Juerg Utzinger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Marilu Venturina
- Asian Tropical Foundation, Filinvest Corporate City, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine Compound, Muntinlupa, Philippines
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
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Bergquist R, Leonardo L, Zhou XN. From inspiration to translation: Closing the gap between research and control of helminth zoonoses in Southeast Asia. Adv Parasitol 2019; 105:111-124. [PMID: 31530392 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Poverty magnifies limitations resulting from traditional biases and environmental risks in endemic areas. Any approach towards disease control needs to recognise that socially embedded vulnerabilities can be as powerful as externally imposed infections. Important for RNAS was networking across borders, not just on schistosomiasis but on the whole spectrum of endemic helminthiases, and this bore fruit in the form of the expansion of RNAS into the 'Regional Network on Asian Schistosomiasis and other Helminth Zoonoses (RNAS+)', which focuses on technical standardization, supporting the growth of research capacity and the further development of networking. Administration is lean and largely virtual with the focus on connecting members via the Internet, providing databases and administrative back-up. The strategy emphasizes ways and means to alleviate the spectre of disease and poverty from the endemic areas through boosting research on target diseases and supporting collaboration between basic and operational research on the one hand and control/elimination activities on the other. RNAS+ also benefits from continuing input from outside research institutions in areas outside Southeast Asia. This paper is aiming to identify the priority actions to close the gap between researcher and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lydia Leonardo
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines; University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Graduate School, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, China; Shanghai, China
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Chen YN, Chang CW, Chang CH, Chung CR, Li CT, Peng YT. Gap between the fragment and the tibia affects the stability of tibial tubercle osteotomy: A finite element study. Med Eng Phys 2019; 68:57-64. [PMID: 30975631 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is commonly performed in cases of complicated juxta-articular trauma or revision total knee arthroplasty. However, strategies for firmly fixing the resulting osteotomy bone fragment are not sufficiently understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of the location of the gap between the fragment and the tibia and with various fixed screw configurations on TTO stability, contact force on the fragment, and bone stress by using the finite element method. A TTO model with a 1-mm gap, either above or below the fragment, was developed. Furthermore, five screw configurations, including two parallel horizontal screws placed at 20- and 30-mm intervals, two parallel downward screws, two trapezoid screws, and two divergent screws, were used. A vertically upward 1600-N force was applied on the tibial tubercle to mimic a worst-case condition. Placing the fragment close to the superior cutting plane (above the gap) yielded greater stability and less stress on the bone than did placing it close to the inferior cutting plane. The superior cutting plane of the tibia generated the largest contact force on the superior plane of the fragment for static balance under loading. Additionally, among all screw configurations, the configuration involving two parallel downward screws resulted in the highest stability but also the greatest stress on the cortical bone. The fragment obtains a solid barrier and support from the tibia immediately after surgery to against the patellar tension force when the fragment is close to the superior cutting plane of the tibia.
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Ateschrang A, Salewski C, Ahrend MD, Schreiner AJ, Hirschmann MT, Stöckle U, Ahmad SS. The elastic capacity of a tendon-repair construct influences the force necessary to induce gapping. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019; 27:971-977. [PMID: 29761212 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-4972-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most biomechanical investigations of tendon repairs were based on output measures from hydraulic loading machines, therefore, accounting for construct failure rather than true gapping within the rupture zone. It was hypothesized that the elastic capacity of a tendon-repair construct influences the force necessary to induce gapping. METHODS A tendon-repair model was created in 48 porcine lower hind limbs, which were allocated to three fixation techniques: (1) Krackow, (2) transosseous and (3) anchor fixation. Loading was performed based on a standardized phased load-to-failure protocol using a servohydraulic mechanical testing system MTS (Zwick Roell, Ulm, Germany). Rupture-zone dehiscence was measured with an external motion capture device. Factors influencing dehiscence formation was determined using a linear regression model and adjustment performed as necessary. A 3-mm gap was considered clinically relevant. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for comparison between groups. RESULTS The elastic capacity of a tendon-repair construct influences the force necessary to induce gapping of 3 mm (F3mm) [β = 0.6, confidence interval (CI) 0.4-1.0, p < 0.001]. Furthermore, the three methods of fixation did not differ significantly in terms of maximum force to failure (n.s) or F3mm (n.s). CONCLUSION The main finding of this study demonstrated that the higher the elastic capacity of a tendon-repair construct, the higher the force necessary to induce clinically relevant gapping. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Controlled biomechanical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atesch Ateschrang
- Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Salewski
- Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marc-Daniel Ahrend
- Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Janine Schreiner
- Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Michael T Hirschmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Kantonsspital Baselland (Bruderholz, Liestal, Laufen), Bruderholz, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Stöckle
- Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sufian S Ahmad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Knox PC, Heming De-Allie E, Wolohan FDA. Probing oculomotor inhibition with the minimally delayed oculomotor response task. Exp Brain Res 2018; 236:2867-2876. [PMID: 30062441 PMCID: PMC6223844 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability to not execute (i.e. to inhibit) actions is important for behavioural flexibility and frees us from being slaves to our immediate sensory environment. The antisaccade task is one of several used to investigate behavioural inhibitory control. However, antisaccades involve a number of important processes besides inhibition such as attention and working memory. In the minimally delayed oculomotor response (MDOR) task, participants are presented with a simple target step, but instructed to saccade not to the target when it appears (a prosaccade response), but when it disappears (i.e. on target offset). Varying the target display duration prevents offset timing being predictable from the time of target onset, and saccades prior to the offset are counted as errors. Antisaccade error rate and latency are modified by alterations in fixation conditions produced by inserting a gap between fixation target offset and stimulus onset (the gap paradigm; error rate increases, latency decreases) or by leaving the fixation target on when the target appears (overlap paradigm; error rate decreases, latency increases). We investigated the effect of gaps and overlaps on performance in the MDOR task. In Experiment 1 we confirmed that, compared to a control condition in which participants responded to target onsets, in the MDOR task saccade latency was considerably increased (increases of 122-272 ms depending on target display duration and experimental condition). However, there was no difference in error rate or saccade latency between gap and synchronous (fixation target offset followed immediately by saccade target onset) conditions. In Experiment 2, in a different group of participants, we compared overlap and synchronous conditions and again found no statistically significant differences in error rate and saccade latency. The timing distribution of errors suggested that most were responses to target onsets, which we take to be evidence of inhibition failure. We conclude that the MDOR task evokes behaviour that is consistent across different groups of participants. Because it is free of the non-inhibitory processes operative in the antisaccade task, it provides a useful means of investigating behavioural inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Knox
- Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Emma Heming De-Allie
- Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Felicity D A Wolohan
- Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.,Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
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Takayama K, Ishida K, Muratsu H, Kuroda Y, Tsubosaka M, Hashimoto S, Hayashi S, Matsushita T, Niikura T, Kuroda R, Matsumoto T. The medial tibial joint line elevation over 5 mm restrained the improvement of knee extension angle in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018; 26:1737-1742. [PMID: 29124288 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-017-4763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between medial tibial joint line elevation and the improvement of range of motion (ROM) in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). The hypothesis was that limited elevation of tibial joint line will improve knee range of motion in UKA. METHODS Forty-six consecutive medial UKAs were enrolled in this study. Medial tibial joint line elevation was defined as the polyethylene insert and tibial tray thickness minus the tibial osteotomy and sawblade thickness. Positive values indicated an elevation of the tibial joint line. A component gap between the femoral trial prosthesis and the medial tibial osteotomy surface was also examined. Joint loosening was also calculated based on the joint component gap minus insert and tibial tray thickness. The correlation of the medial tibial joint line elevation with joint looseness and postoperative range of motion were analyzed. RESULTS The mean medial tibial joint line elevation was 4.9 ± 1.1 mm. The medial tibial joint line elevation reduced the improvement of knee extension (R = - 0.43, p < 0.01). The medial tibial joint line elevation was also correlated with reduced loosening of the joint knee extension (R = - 0.42, p < 0.01). This, in turn, resulted in limited improvement of the knee extension angle. Moreover, joint line elevation under 5 mm significantly improved knee extension angle compared to joint line elevation over 5 mm. CONCLUSIONS The medial joint line elevation of the tibia in UKA reduced the improvement of knee extension angle, due to a reduced joint looseness at knee extension. A tibial joint line elevation greater than 5 mm in UKA should be avoided to prevent postoperative flexion contracture. For the clinical relevance, this study clarified that the medial joint line of the tibia is an important factor to prevent postoperative flexion contracture in UKA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Kazunari Ishida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Muratsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Steel Memorial Hirohata Hospital, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsubosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shingo Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shinya Hayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takahiro Niikura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the length spectrum of rainbows in RNA secondary structures. A rainbow in a secondary structure is a maximal arc with respect to the partial order induced by nesting. We show that there is a significant gap in this length spectrum. We shall prove that there asymptotically almost surely exists a unique longest rainbow of length at least [Formula: see text] and that with high probability any other rainbow has finite length. We show that the distribution of the length of the longest rainbow converges to a discrete limit law and that, for finite k, the distribution of rainbows of length k becomes for large n a negative binomial distribution. We then put the results of this paper into context, comparing the analytical results with those observed in RNA minimum free energy structures, biological RNA structures and relate our findings to the sparsification of folding algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J X Li
- Biocomplexity Institute of Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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Imber M, Huyen NTT, Pietrzyk-Brzezinska AJ, Loi VV, Hillion M, Bernhardt J, Thärichen L, Kolšek K, Saleh M, Hamilton CJ, Adrian L, Gräter F, Wahl MC, Antelmann H. Protein S-Bacillithiolation Functions in Thiol Protection and Redox Regulation of the Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Gap in Staphylococcus aureus Under Hypochlorite Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:410-430. [PMID: 27967218 PMCID: PMC5791933 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Bacillithiol (BSH) is the major low-molecular-weight thiol of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. In this study, we used OxICAT and Voronoi redox treemaps to quantify hypochlorite-sensitive protein thiols in S. aureus USA300 and analyzed the role of BSH in protein S-bacillithiolation. RESULTS The OxICAT analyses enabled the quantification of 228 Cys residues in the redox proteome of S. aureus USA300. Hypochlorite stress resulted in >10% increased oxidation of 58 Cys residues (25.4%) in the thiol redox proteome. Among the highly oxidized sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-sensitive proteins are five S-bacillithiolated proteins (Gap, AldA, GuaB, RpmJ, and PpaC). The glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) dehydrogenase Gap represents the most abundant S-bacillithiolated protein contributing 4% to the total Cys proteome. The active site Cys151 of Gap was very sensitive to overoxidation and irreversible inactivation by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or NaOCl in vitro. Treatment with H2O2 or NaOCl in the presence of BSH resulted in reversible Gap inactivation due to S-bacillithiolation, which could be regenerated by the bacilliredoxin Brx (SAUSA300_1321) in vitro. Molecular docking was used to model the S-bacillithiolated Gap active site, suggesting that formation of the BSH mixed disulfide does not require major structural changes. Conclusion and Innovation: Using OxICAT analyses, we identified 58 novel NaOCl-sensitive proteins in the pathogen S. aureus that could play protective roles against the host immune defense and include the glycolytic Gap as major target for S-bacillithiolation. S-bacillithiolation of Gap did not require structural changes, but efficiently functions in redox regulation and protection of the active site against irreversible overoxidation in S. aureus. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 410-430.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Imber
- 1 Institute for Biology-Microbiology, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Huyen
- 1 Institute for Biology-Microbiology, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Vu Van Loi
- 1 Institute for Biology-Microbiology, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Hillion
- 1 Institute for Biology-Microbiology, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Bernhardt
- 3 Institute for Microbiology , Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lena Thärichen
- 4 Molecular Biomechanics, Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany .,5 Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical Studies , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katra Kolšek
- 5 Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical Studies , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Malek Saleh
- 1 Institute for Biology-Microbiology, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Chris J Hamilton
- 6 School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia , Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenz Adrian
- 7 Department Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ , Leipzig, Germany
| | - Frauke Gräter
- 4 Molecular Biomechanics, Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University , Heidelberg, Germany .,5 Heidelberg Institute of Theoretical Studies , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus C Wahl
- 2 Laboratory of Structural Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin, Germany
| | - Haike Antelmann
- 1 Institute for Biology-Microbiology, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin, Germany
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Siriwittayakorn T. The Processing of Relative Clause Attachment as a Tool for Resolving a Problem in Typology of Relative Clauses: Preliminary Evidence from Thai Data. J Psycholinguist Res 2018; 47:179-193. [PMID: 29052097 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-017-9523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In typological literature, there has been disagreement as to whether there should be distinction between relative clauses (RCs) and nominal sentential complements (NSCs) in pro-drop languages such as Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Khmer and Thai. In pro-drop languages, nouns can be dropped when its reference can be retrieved from context. Therefore, what has been defined as a gap in RCs (i.e., the controversial element hereafter) and has often been used for differentiating RCs from NSCs might actually be a zero pronoun, making syntactic structures of RC and NSCs indistinguishable. This article reviews the study of the processing of RC attachment in Thai and discusses how its results provide preliminary evidence supporting that RCs and NSCs in Thai are syntactically different constructions and the controversial element in RCs is not a zero pronoun. The article suggests a new promising tool for investigating an unresolved typological problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teeranoot Siriwittayakorn
- English Department, Faculty of Humanities, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huaykaew Road, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Abstract
Express saccades are low latency (80-130 ms), visually guided saccades. While their occurrence is encouraged by the use of gap tasks (the fixation target is extinguished 200 ms prior to the saccade target appearing) and suppressed by the use of overlap tasks (the fixation target remains present when the saccade target appears), there are some healthy, adult participants, "express saccade makers" (ESMs), who persist in generating high proportions (> 30%) of express saccades in overlap conditions. These participants are encountered much more frequently in Chinese participant groups than amongst the Caucasian participants tested to date. What is not known is whether this high number of ESMs is only a feature of Chinese participant groups. More broadly, there are few comparative studies of saccade behaviour across large participant groups drawn from different populations. We, therefore, tested an independent group of 70 healthy adult Egyptian participants, using the same equipment and procedures as employed in the previous studies. Each participant was exposed to two blocks of 200 gap, and two blocks of 200 overlap trials, with block order counterbalanced. Results from the Schwartz Value Survey were used to confirm that this group of participants was culturally distinct from the Chinese and Caucasian (white British) groups tested previously. Fourteen percent (10/70) of this new group were ESMs, and the pattern of latency distribution in these ESMs was identical to that identified in the other participant groups, with a prominent peak in the express latency range in overlap conditions. Overall, we identified three modes in the distribution of saccade latency in overlap conditions, the timing of which (express peak at 110 ms, subsequent peaks at 160 and 210 ms) were strikingly consistent with our previous observations. That these behavioural patterns of saccade latency are observed consistently in large participant groups, drawn from geographically, ethnically, and culturally distinct populations, suggests that they relate to the underlying architecture of the saccade system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C Knox
- Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Felicity D A Wolohan
- Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.,Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Mai S Helmy
- Department of Psychology, University of Menoufia, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
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Kanemoto K, LaFrance WC, Duncan R, Gigineishvili D, Park S, Tadokoro Y, Ikeda H, Paul R, Zhou D, Taniguchi G, Kerr M, Oshima T, Jin K, Reuber M. PNES around the world: Where we are now and how we can close the diagnosis and treatment gaps-an ILAE PNES Task Force report. Epilepsia Open 2017; 2:307-316. [PMID: 29588959 PMCID: PMC5862115 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An international consensus clinical practice statement issued in 2011 ranked psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) among the top three neuropsychiatric problems. An ILAE PNES Task Force was founded and initially charged with summarizing the current state of the art in terms of diagnosis and treatment, resulting in two publications. The first described different levels of diagnostic certainty. The second summarized current knowledge of management approaches. The present paper summarizes an international workshop of the ILAE PNES Task Force that focused on the current understanding and management of PNES around the world. We initially provide a knowledge update about the etiology, epidemiology, and prognosis of PNES-in adults and in special patient groups, such as children, older adults, and those with intellectual disability. We then explore clinical management pathways and obstacles to optimal care for this disorder around the world by focusing on a number of countries with different cultural backgrounds and at very different stages of social and economic development (United Kingdom, U.S.A., Zambia, Georgia, China, and Japan). Although evidence-based methods for the diagnosis and treatment of PNES have now been described, and much is known about the biopsychosocial underpinnings of this disorder, this paper describes gaps in care (not only in less developed countries) that result in patients with PNES not having adequate access to healthcare provisions. A range of challenges requiring solutions tailored to different healthcare systems emerges. Continued attention to PNES by the ILAE and other national and international neurologic, psychiatric, and health organizations, along with ongoing international collaboration, should ensure that patients with PNES do not lose out as healthcare services evolve around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousuke Kanemoto
- Department of NeuropsychiatryAichi Medical UniversityNagakuteJapan
| | - W. Curt LaFrance
- Rhode Island HospitalBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandU.S.A.
| | | | - David Gigineishvili
- Department of Neurology & NeurosurgerySarajishvili Institute of NeurologyTbilisi State UniversityTbilisiGeorgia
| | - Sung‐Pa Park
- Department of NeurologyKyungpook National University School of MedicineDaeguKorea
| | - Yukari Tadokoro
- Department of NeuropsychiatryAichi Medical UniversityNagakuteJapan
| | - Hiroko Ikeda
- Department of PediatricsEpilepsy CenterNHO Shizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological DisordersShizuokaJapan
| | - Ravi Paul
- Department of PsychiatrySchool of MedicineUniversity of ZambiaLusakaZambia
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of NeurologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Go Taniguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatrythe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Mike Kerr
- Learning Disability PsychiatryCardiff UniversityCardiffUnited Kingdom
| | - Tomohiro Oshima
- Department of NeuropsychiatryAichi Medical UniversityNagakuteJapan
| | - Kazutaka Jin
- Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Igakukei Kenkyuka IgakubuSendaiMiyagiJapan
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Martín-Sánchez JC, Bilal U, Clèries R, Lidón-Moyano C, Fu M, González-de Paz L, Franco M, Fernandez E, Martínez-Sánchez JM. Modelling lung cancer mortality rates from smoking prevalence: Fill in the gap. Cancer Epidemiol 2017; 49:19-23. [PMID: 28528290 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study is to estimate the gap between smoking prevalence and lung cancer mortality and provide predictions of lung cancer mortality based on previous smoking prevalence. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used data from the Spanish National Health Surveys (2003, 2006 and 2011) to obtain information about tobacco use and data from the Spanish National Statistics Institute to obtain cancer mortality rates from 1980 to 2013. We calculated the cross-correlation among the historical series of smoking prevalence and lung cancer mortality rate (LCMR) to estimate the most likely time gap between both series. We also predicted the magnitude and timing of the LCMR peak. RESULTS All cross-correlations were statistically significant and positive (all above 0.8). For men, the most likely gap ranges from 20 to 34 years. The age-adjusted LCMR increased by 3.2 deaths per 100,000 people for every 1 unit increase in the smoking prevalence 29 years earlier. The highest rate for men was observed in 1995 (55.6 deaths). For women, the most likely gap ranges from 10 to 37 years. The age-adjusted LCMR increased by 0.28 deaths per 100,000 people for every 1 unit increase in the smoking prevalence 32 years earlier. The maximum rate is expected to occur in 2026 (10.3 deaths). CONCLUSION The time series of prevalence of tobacco smoking explains the mortality from lung cancer with a distance (or gap) of around 30 years. According to the lagged smoking prevalence, the lung cancer mortality among men is declining while in women continues to rise (maximum expected in 2026).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Martín-Sánchez
- Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Usama Bilal
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Clèries
- Plan for Oncology of the Catalan Government, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Lidón-Moyano
- Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
| | - Marcela Fu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Cancer Control and Prevention Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Luís González-de Paz
- Centre Atenció Primària Les Corts, Transverse Group for Research in Primary Care, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteve Fernandez
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Cancer Control and Prevention Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Jose M Martínez-Sánchez
- Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology-ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; Cancer Control and Prevention Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.
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Itô H. Changes in understory species occurrence of a secondary broadleaved forest after mass mortality of oak trees under deer foraging pressure. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2816. [PMID: 28028480 PMCID: PMC5183088 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of mass mortality of oak trees by Japanese oak wilt has affected secondary deciduous broadleaved forests that have been used as coppices in Japan. The dieback of oak trees formed gaps in the crown that would be expected to enhance the regeneration of shade-intolerant pioneer species. However, foraging by sika deer Cervus nippon has also affected forest vegetation, and the compound effects of both on forest regeneration should be considered when they simultaneously occur. A field study was conducted in Kyôto City, Japan to investigate how these compound effects affected the vegetation of the understory layer of these forests. The presence/absence of seedlings and saplings was observed for 200 quadrats sized 5 m ×5 m for each species in 1992, before the mass mortality and deer encroachment, and in 2014 after these effects. A hierarchical Bayesian model was constructed to explain the occurrence, survival, and colonization of each species with their responses to the gaps that were created, expanded, or affected by the mass mortality of Quercus serrata trees. The species that occurred most frequently in 1992, Eurya japonica, Quercus glauca, and Cleyera japonica, also had the highest survival probabilities. Deer-unpalatable species such as Symplocos prunifolia and Triadica sebifera had higher colonization rates in the gaps, while the deer-palatable species Aucuba japonica had the smallest survival probability. The gaps thus promoted the colonization of deer-unpalatable plant species such as Symplocos prunifolia and Triadica sebifera. In the future, such deer-unpalatable species may dominate gaps that were created, expanded, or affected by the mass mortality of oak trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Itô
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute , Sapporo , Hokkaido , Japan
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Use of compatible abutments may increase micromovements between the abutments, and the inner part of the implant may increase the stress on marginal bone level. Also micromovement will change the volume of the inner space of the implant-abutment complex. The resulting pumping effect can transport even initially immobile microorganisms from the exterior to the interior and vice versa. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to evaluate the mechanical comportment of OsseoSpeed™ Tx implants connected with original and compatible abutments in vitro under simulated clinical loading conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 15 OsseoSpeed™ TX implants (4 × 11 mm) were used and divided into three groups (n = 5). Three types of abutments were used in the study; group I: Five original Ti Design™ abutments, group II: Five Natea™ abutments, and group III: Implanet™ abutments. Abutments used in groups II and III were all compatible with Astra Tech Implant System™. Implants were embedded into resin. Simulating the human masticatory cycle, the axial force vector was increased up to a defined maximum (25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 N) and inclined 30° to the implant axis. A radiograph amplifier was used to convert the X-ray projection into a picture. The visual evaluation of the frames and the provided X-ray videos were evaluated for an existing microgap in width and length between the implant and the abutment. RESULTS An initial width gap was observed in groups II and III in four of the five samples with an average of 6.5 and 5 μm respectively. When the axial forces reach 75 N, only groups II and III demonstrated a gap width of 5.2 ± 3.63 and 4.8 ± 3.03 μm, and a gap length of 5.2 ± 3.63 and 94 ± 125.3 μm respectively. At 200 N, group I showed a gap width of 8.4 ± 1.67 μm and a gap length of 187.6 ± 43.6 μm, while groups II and III showed a gap width of 12.4 ± 3.29 and 22.8 ± 5.76 μm, and a gap length of 387.2 ± 84.36 and 641.2 ± 122.6 μm respectively. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study and under the parameters used and from the resulting data collected, we can presume that the use of compatible components leads to significant micromovement when compared with the use of original ones. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of compatible prosthetic components with original implants showed significant micromovements when compared with the use of abutment and implant from the same manufacturer. Clinically, the micromovements when associated with leakage leads to bone loss around the neck of the implant and later to peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Berberi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +9613731173, e-mail:
| | - Dagher Maroun
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine Saint Joseph's University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wasfi Kanj
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - El Zoughbi Amine
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Saint Joseph's University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Aramouni Philippe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Saint Joseph's University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Zhou Y, Shimada Y, Matin K, Sadr A, Sumi Y, Tagami J. Assessment of bacterial demineralization around composite restorations using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Dent Mater 2016; 32:1177-88. [PMID: 27435052 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the bacterial demineralization of the enamel and dentin around composite restorations bonded with one-step and two-step self-etch adhesive systems using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). METHODS Forty class V cavities (2.5-mm surface diameter, 2.0-mm maximum depth) were prepared on cervical areas of 20 human molars. The specimens were either treated with one-step adhesive (Clearfil Tri-S Bond ND Quick; TS) or two-step adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond; SE), restored with a flowable resin composite (Estelite Flow Quick). Specimens in the demineralized group were incubated for 2 weeks after Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation, while specimens in the control group were incubated for 2 weeks without biofilms. After SS-OCT observation, specimens were cut and examined under confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The lesion depth (LD), interfacial gap depth (GD) and gap length (GL) obtained from SS-OCT and CLSM were analyzed by Pearson's correlation, LD by Independent-samples t-test, GD and GL by Welch t-test, the frequency of specimens with or without gap by Fisher's exact test at the 95% significant level. RESULTS Specimens with interfacial gaps in the demineralized group showed significantly higher frequency than that in the control group (p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between SS-OCT and CLSM values of LD, GD and GL (p<0.05). SE showed significantly larger LD of dentin, but less GD and GL of enamel than TS (p<0.05). SIGNIFICANCE SS-OCT nondestructively detected demineralization around composite restorations and interfacial gaps created by S. mutans biofilm in this in vitro model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Khairul Matin
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Endowed Department of International Oral Health Science (affiliated with Department of Translational Research), School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Biomimetics Biomaterials Biophotonics & Technology Laboratory, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357456, Seattle, WA 98195-7456, USA
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- Division of Oral and Dental Surgery, Department for Advanced Dental Research, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 36-3, Gengo, Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Horie K, Shimada Y, Matin K, Ikeda M, Sadr A, Sumi Y, Tagami J. Monitoring of cariogenic demineralization at the enamel-composite interface using swept-source optical coherence tomography. Dent Mater 2016; 32:1103-12. [PMID: 27427292 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate enamel demineralization at composite restoration margins caused by cariogenic biofilm using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). METHODS Sixty round-shaped cavities were prepared on the mid-buccal enamel surface of extracted human molars. The cavities were restored with Estelite Flow Quick flowable composite using either Clearfil SE Bond or Clearfil Tri-S Bond ND bonding agents. Streptococcus mutans suspension was applied to form a cariogenic biofilm on the surface. After 1, 2, or 3 weeks of incubation (n=10), the biofilm was removed to observe the carious demineralization at the cavosurface margins using SS-OCT. The gap along the enamel-composite interface was recorded on each adhesive system. Confirmatory direct observation was accomplished at the same location using confocal laser scanning microscope. RESULTS The demineralized enamel around the restorations was observed as a zone of intensified brightness in SS-OCT. The demineralized lesion on the cervical enamel was significantly deeper than that on the occlusal enamel (p<0.05). However, the extension of enamel demineralization at the enamel-composite interface was significantly deeper at the occlusal wall than the cervical wall (p<0.05). The extension in Tri-S Bond ND group was significantly deeper than in SE Bond group (p<0.05). A significant increase in gap formation was found after the extension of demineralization compared with the baseline. SIGNIFICANCE The carious demineralization around composite restorations were observed as a bright zone in SS-OCT during the process of bacterial demineralization. SS-OCT appears to be a promising modality for the detection of caries adjacent to an existing restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Horie
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shimada
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Khairul Matin
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; Endowed Department of International Oral Health Science, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
| | - Masaomi Ikeda
- Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
| | - Alireza Sadr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington School of Dentistry, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 357456, Seattle, WA 98195-7456, USA
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- Department of Advanced Dental Research, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Takayama K, Matsumoto T, Muratsu H, Ishida K, Araki D, Matsushita T, Kuroda R, Kurosaka M. The influence of posterior tibial slope changes on joint gap and range of motion in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. Knee 2016; 23:517-22. [PMID: 26833335 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of posterior slope on joint gap in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has yet to be quantified. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of the tibial slope on the joint component gap and postoperative range of motion in UKA. METHODS Forty consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled. The correlation between the tibial slope changes and the component gap, the component gap difference between flexion angles, the postoperative extension or flexion angles was examined. The correlation of joint looseness with tibial slope changes and postoperative extension angle was also examined. RESULTS Increased tibial slope positively correlated with the differences between the component gap at 90° and 10°, 120° and 10°, or 135° and 10° knee flexion angle. Although tibial slope change did not affect postoperative flexion angle, increased tibial slope reduced postoperative extension angle. Moreover, increased tibial slope resulted in decreased joint looseness during 10° of knee flexion and decreased joint looseness during 10° of knee flexion resulted in reduced postoperative extension angle. CONCLUSIONS Increased tibial slope resulted in tight component gap at knee extension compared with that at knee flexion. Furthermore, tight component gap at extension lead to decreased postoperative extension angle. These results indicate that an individual anatomical tibial slope should be considered when tibial sagittal osteotomy was performed and increasing tibial slope should be avoided to achieve full extension angle after UKA. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Takayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Hirotsugu Muratsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Steel Memorial Hirohata Hospital, Himeji, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kazunari Ishida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe Kaisei Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Araki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takehiko Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kurosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Jordan MC, Boelch S, Jansen H, Meffert RH, Hoelscher-Doht S. Does plastic suture deformation induce gapping after tendon repair? A biomechanical comparison of different suture materials. J Biomech 2016; 49:2607-2612. [PMID: 27264620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Plastic deformation of sutures creates an irreversible extension during load. To test our hypothesis that such plastic deformation causes gap formation after tendon repair, we determined the plasticity of five different suture materials commonly used in tendon surgery. Prolene, Polydioxanone (PDS), Ethibond, Vicryl, and FiberWire sutures were biomechanically tested to determine their offset yield strength, initial extension, creep, relaxed elongation, peak-to-peak displacement, stiffness, and maximum tensile strength under static, constant, and cyclic loading. In addition, 35 porcine hindlimb tendons were used to evaluate gap formation and the biomechanical behavior of the suture materials after tendon repair. Prolene had a low offset yield strength and high initial extensions at 30, 60, and 90N combined with relatively large creep, relaxed elongation, and peak-to-peak displacement. Aside from the low maximum tensile strength and stiffness, these parameters indicate an early plastic deformation during loading. The material properties of PDS were generally better for suturing than those of Prolene, but no difference was found in offset yield strength or initial extension. In contrast to the monofilament materials Prolene and PDS, the braided Ethibond, Vicryl, and FiberWire materials showed significantly less plastic deformation. The lowest amount of plastic deformation was found in the FiberWire and the results for Ethibond and Vicryl were equal. Gap formation occurred at the lowest tension force in the Prolene group, but only FiberWire required a significantly larger tension force to produce gapping at the repair site, indicating a higher resistance to gap formation. The results of this study show that plastic deformation occurs at a lower tension force in the monofilament sutures Prolene and PDS than in the braided materials Ethibond, Vicryl, and FiberWire. After tendon repair, FiberWire likely prevents gap formation, whereas Prolene induces gapping through low-tension plastic deformation. Therefore, plastic deformation should be considered when selecting suture materials for tendon repair surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Jordan
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Boelch
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Würzburg, König Ludwig Haus, Brettreichstr. 11, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hendrik Jansen
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rainer H Meffert
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hoelscher-Doht
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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Tallot L, Capela D, Brown BL, Doyère V. Individual trial analysis evidences clock and non-clock based conditioned suppression behaviors in rats. Behav Processes 2016; 124:97-107. [PMID: 26772780 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the temporal pattern of conditioned suppression of lever-pressing for food in rats conditioned with tone-shock pairings using either a 10 or 15s conditioned stimulus (CS)-unconditioned stimulus (US) interval with a CS duration that was three times the CS-US interval. The analysis of average suppression and of individual trials was performed during Probe CS-alone trials and when a short gap was inserted during the CS. The pattern of suppression followed the classical temporal rules: (1) scalar property, (2) a shift in peak suppression due to a gap, compatible with a Stop rule, (3) a three-state pattern of lever-pressing in individual trials, with abrupt start and stop of suppression. The peak of the average suppression curve, but not the middle time, was anticipatory to the programmed US time. The pattern of lever-pressing in individual trials unraveled two types of start of suppression behavior: a clock-based biphasic responding, with a burst of lever-pressing before suppression, and a non-clock based monophasic reduction of lever-pressing close to the CS onset. The non-clock based type of behavior may be responsible for the anticipatory peak time, and the biphasic pattern of lever-pressing may reflect the decision stage described in clock models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Tallot
- Univ Paris-Saclay, Univ Paris-Sud, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro PSI), UMR 9197 Orsay, France.
| | - Daphné Capela
- Univ Paris-Saclay, Univ Paris-Sud, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro PSI), UMR 9197 Orsay, France
| | - Bruce L Brown
- Department of Psychology, Queens College and the Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, USA
| | - Valérie Doyère
- Univ Paris-Saclay, Univ Paris-Sud, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro PSI), UMR 9197 Orsay, France.
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Dietrich Leurer M, Misskey E. "Be positive as well as realistic": a qualitative description analysis of information gaps experienced by breastfeeding mothers. Int Breastfeed J 2015; 10:10. [PMID: 25788970 PMCID: PMC4363194 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-015-0036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early breastfeeding cessation is common in many regions of the world despite high breastfeeding initiation rates and strong evidence of the health benefits to both mother and infant. This research investigated mothers’ perceived breastfeeding information needs in order to increase our understanding of this phenomenon. Methods Surveys were distributed by public health nurses in a health region in Western Canada to mothers who had initiated breastfeeding and whose infants were six to eleven months old to learn more about their infant feeding experiences during the birth to six month period. Two open-ended survey questions asked: (1) What support or advice did you receive that helped you with feeding your baby?” and (2) “What support or information on feeding your baby would you have found helpful but did not receive?” A total of 191 eligible mothers submitted a survey (response rate 35%) between January and October 2012. Qualitative description was used in analyzing the responses of the women who provided comments for the open-ended questions. Results While many mothers felt their information needs were met, others outlined important content areas where more information and guidance was desired. These areas included milk supply management, frequency/duration of feeds, proper latch and feeding positions, nipple care, expression/pumping, other nutrition sources, and realistic information regarding common breastfeeding concerns. Conclusions The results suggest that several of the information gaps highlighted by respondents in this study closely align with commonly cited reasons for breastfeeding cessation including perceived insufficient milk supply, latching difficulties and nipple discomfort. The findings emphasize the need for lactation support with systematic measures to ensure breastfeeding mothers are universally provided with information on these key content areas. Lactation supports should reinforce critical information and seek feedback to ascertain that mothers have clearly understood the information provided. Ensuring mothers receive and understand key breastfeeding information is a modifiable factor in efforts to increase breastfeeding duration rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Dietrich Leurer
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan Regina Campus, #100 - 4400 4th Avenue, Regina, Saskatchewan S4T 0H8 Canada
| | - Eunice Misskey
- Freelance Public Health Nutritionist (formerly with Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region and Saskatchewan Ministry of Health), 118 Patterson Drive, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 3W9 Canada
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